Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionLearningaboutLanguage教学设计-高二英语人教版选择性

Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionSectionBLearningaboutLanguageTeachingplanSubject：EnglishTitle：SectionBLearningaboutLanguagePeriod：1classTeachingobjectivesandcoreliteracy：Languageability：Tomasterthegrammarrulesofdirectspeechchangingintoindirectspeech.Learningability：Canusedirectspeechtochangeindirectspeechskillfully.Culturalawareness：Cultivatestudents'interestinlearninggrammar.Thinkingquality：Promotestudents’interestinlearningEnglishanduseitintopractice.TeachingkeypointsanddifficultiesTeachingkeypoints：CanusedirectspeechtochangeindirectspeechskillfullyTeachingdifficulties：Cultivatestudents'interestinlearninggrammarTeachingmedia：Multimedia,Blackboard,chalkTeachingprocess：一、Preclass1.Greeting2.LeadinginStudentactivities:studentsworkinpairsandbrowsethetaskrequirementsandformforactivity1.Theteacherleadsthestudentstosumupthedifferencesbetweendirectspeechandindirectspeechbyaskingquestions.Whataredifferentbetweenthetwosentences？Pleasecirclethem.Howdoesthepunctuationchangeineachsentence？Howdoesthetensechangeineachsentence？Whyshouldwechangetheverbssometimes？Inwhatsituationsshouldweusetheindirectspeech？DirectSpeechIndirectSpeech1Theexpertsaid,"Fromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied."Theexpertsaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.2Thereporterasked,"Willpolarbearsdieoutbecauseofclimatechange?"Thereporteraskedwhetherpolarbearswoulddieoutbecauseofclimatechange.3Thereporterasked,"Howcanwesavepolarbearsfromextinction?"Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbearsfromextinction.4"Let'sworktogethertostopclimatechange,"theexpertsaid.TheexpertadvisedustoworktogethertostopclimatechangeObjectives:WhileclassTeacher'sactivities:tosupplementthestudent'ssummary.直接引语与间接引语直接引语如果改为间接引语，须在连接词、人称、时态、状语、个别指示代词和动词等方面做相应的变化。1．连接词的选择(1)直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由that引导的宾语从句。在口语中that可以省略。Thelittleboysaid，“Iwasplayingwithmytoyswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.”小男孩说：“我在玩我的玩具，这时有人敲门。”(直接引语为陈述句)→Thelittleboysaid(that)hewasplayingwithhistoyswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.小男孩说，他在玩他的玩具，那时有人敲门。(间接引语为that引导的宾语从句)(2)直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句时，间接引语中用whether(...or...或...ornot)或if引导。Mothersaidtoherdaughter，“Areyousatisfiedwithyournewroom？”妈妈对她的女儿说：“你对你的新房间满意吗？”(直接引语为一般疑问句)→Motheraskedherdaughterwhether/ifshewassatisfiedwithhernewroom.妈妈问她女儿是否对她的新房间满意。(间接引语改为whether/if引导的宾语从句)(3)直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词来引导，其余的变化遵照直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。“Whenwillthesportsmeetbeheld？”hesaid.他说：“什么时候举行运动会？”(直接引语为特殊疑问句)→Heaskedwhenthesportsmeetwouldbeheld.他问什么时候举行运动会。(间接引语改为由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句)【注意】(1)直接引语是陈述句时，若变为间接引语，主句谓语动词“saidtosb.”常改为toldsb.。(2)直接引语是疑问句时，如果主句中谓语动词是said，则将其改为asked。(3)疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变成陈述语序。[即学即练1]将直接引语变换为间接引语①Thepatientasked，“IsDr.Liatthehospital？”→Thepatientaskedwhether/ifDr.Liwasatthehospital.②“Wholostthekeytotheroom？”askedMissGreen.→MissGreenaskedwhohadlostthekeytotheroom.2．人称的变化(记忆口诀)一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人立场的变化作相应的改变。(1)“一随主”。指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。Marysaid，“Iwanttohaveaputerofmyown.”玛丽说，“我想拥有一台我自己的电脑。”→Marysaidthatshewantedtohaveaputerofherown.玛丽说她想拥有一台自己的电脑。(2)“二随宾”。指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。Hercolleaguesaidtoher，“Whodidyouaskforaleave？”她的同事对她说，“你向谁请了假？”→Hercolleagueaskedherwhoshehadaskedforaleave.她的同事问她向谁请了假。(3)“第三人称不更新”。指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。Theworkerssaid，“Theleadersoftenmaketheworkersworkextrahours.”工人们说：“领导经常让工人们加班。”→Theworkerssaidthattheleadersoftenmadetheworkersworkextrahours.工人们说领导经常让工人们加班。[即学即练2]将直接引语变换为间接引语①Johnsaid，“TomorrowI'mgoingtoattendthisparty.”→Johnsaid(that)thenextdayhewasgoingtoattendthisparty.②Shesaid，“IworkedinShanghaithreeyearsago.”→Shesaid(that)shehadworkedinShanghaithreeyearsbefore.3．时态的变化直接引语变间接引语时句子时态变化如下表：直接引语间接引语句子时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时Hisfriendsaidtohim，“Weareplanningtohaveapicnic.”他的朋友对他说：“我们计划去野餐。”(直接引语为现在进行时)→Hisfriendtoldhimthattheywereplanningtohaveapicnic.他的朋友告诉他说，他们计划去野餐。(间接引语为过去进行时)Theorganizersaid，“Wehavebegunourplan.”组织者说：“我们已开始了我们的计划。”(直接引语为现在完成时)→Theorganizersaidthattheyhadbeguntheirplan.组织者说，他们已开始了他们的计划。(间接引语为过去完成时)Attention直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不发生变化的情况：(1)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时；(2)直接引语中有具体的过去的某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变；(3)主句的谓语时态为现在进行时态。[即学即练3]将直接引语变换为间接引语①Mymothersaid，“Thedoorisn'tlocked.”→Mymothersaidthatthedoorwasn'tlocked．②Thepatientsaid，“Thedoctorshavediscussedthemysteriousdisease.”→Thepatientsaid(that)thedoctorshaddiscussedthemysteriousdisease.③Tomsaid，“Iamreadinginmyroom.”→Tomsaidthathewasreadinginhisroom.4．指示词、状语及动词的变化指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnightyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenext(following)daylastmonth(week)themonth(week)beforenextmonth(week)thenextmonth(week)thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore地点状语herethere动词egobringtake5.Whenimperativesentencesareusedasdirectspeechtoexpressdemandsandmands,variableindirectspeechisoftenusedask/tell/ordersb.todosth.的形式。“Followhisinstructions，”shesaidtome.→Shetoldmetofollowhisinstructions.她告诉我要听他的指令。6．若直接引语中祈使句是否定形式，变间接引语时，不定式符号to前要加not或never。Shesaid，“Don'tmakesomuchnoise，children！”→Shetoldthechildrennottomakesomuchnoise.她告诉孩子们不要制造这么多噪音。7．当直接引语为表示建议、提议的祈使句或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句时，多采用“suggest＋doing/that从句(如suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气should＋动词原形，should也可省略)，offertodo和ask/advise/wantsb.＋todo”等结构。Jacksaid，“Let'sgotothecinematonight.”→Jacksuggestedthatweshouldgotothecinemathatnight.→Jacksuggestedourgoingtothecinemathatnight.那天晚上杰克建议我们去看电影。8．如果直接引语部分是感叹句，改为间接引语时，引导词可以用该感叹句的感叹词(即what或how)引导，也可以用that引导。Shesaid，“Whatalovelydayitis！”→Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.她说天气不错。9．若直接引语中的一般疑问句是由表示委婉语气的would，could等构成的疑问句，转换为间接引语时句子的谓语动词常用asked。“Canyoulendmetwoyuan？”heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIcouldlendhimtwoyuan.他问我是否能借给他两元钱。Students'activities:(1)readthetablecontentinactivity3andthesentencesinEXAMPLE,andparaphrasethefoursentencesinthetable.(2)studentsingroupsoffourwillinvestigateeachother'sactualactionsinenvironmentalprotection,recordtheirsuggestionsforimprovingtheenvironment,anddesignasimilarformbasedontheexampleofactivity3,organizeandsummarizeinformationabouteachperson.Theteachercanextendthetopicbasedonthecontentofthemainreadingtextandaskthestudentstoanswerthequestionsusingthisgrammarproject:“Whatcanwedotohelp？”。Inaddition,theteachercanletthestudentreviewthethoughtmapwhichinthereadingclasspletes,inordertohelpthestudentexpandtheidea.Eachpersonthenrelayedtheinformationbasedonan