福建省漳州市部分高中2024-2025学年高一上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

福建省漳州市2024-2025学年上学期部分区县高一开学联考英语试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWelcometoourschool.Youcandoalotofthingshere.Comeandjoinus.TimetableSunday8:30—11:30PersonalInventionsYoucanseemanyinventionsbythestudents;youmayalsobringyourowninventions.Monday19:00—21:00SpaceandManDr.ThomasWestIfyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheuniverse.Wednesday19:30—21:00ModernMedicineMrs.LucyGreenWouldyouliketoknowmedicalscience?Friday18:30—21:00ComputerScienceMr.HarryMorisonfromHarvardUniversityofUSALearntouseWindowsXP.1.Youmayhaveachancetointroduceyourinventionson_________.A.Sunday B.Monday C.Wednesday D.Friday2.ThepersonwhoteachesComputerScienceisfrom___________.A.Canada B.Australia C.NewZealand D.America3.Ifyouwanttolearnsomethingaboutsatellites(卫星),youcangototheclassfrom______.A.8:30to11:30onSunday B.19:00to21:00onMondayC.19:30to21:00onWednesday D.18:30to21:00onFriday【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了学校开设的四个课程的具体信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Sunday”课程介绍和“Youcanseemanyinventionsbythestudents;youmayalsobringyourowninventions.(你可以看到学生们的许多发明；你也可以带上你自己的发明)”可知，你在周日的课程上有机会介绍你自己的发明。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Friday”的课程介绍“ComputerScience”及“Mr.HarryMorisonfromHarvardUniversity(HarryMorison先生来自哈佛大学)”可知，教电脑科学的Mr.HarryMorison来自哈佛大学，即来自美国。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Monday”的课程介绍“19:00—21:00”、“SpaceandMan”和“Ifyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheuniverse.(如果你想了解更多的关于宇宙的知识)”可知，周一19:00—21:00的课程是关于宇宙和人类方面的知识，适合想要了解卫星的人参加。故选B项。BManykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.Forexample,abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whenapredator(猎食动物)getsclosetoitsnest,theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthenest.How?Itpretendstohaveabrokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe“hurt”adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.Anotherkindofbird,thescrubjay,buriesitsfoodsoitalwayshassomethingtoeat.Scrubjaysarealsothieves.Theywatchwhereothersburytheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemtoknowwhenathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater,unburythefood,andburyitagainsomewhereelse.Birdscalledcuckooshavefoundawaytohavebabieswithoutdoingmuchwork.How?Theydon’tmakenests.Instead,theygetintootherbirds’nestssecretly.Thentheylaytheireggsandflyaway.Whenthebabybirdscomeout,theiradoptiveparentsfeedthem.Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner’shandandstartfightingagain.Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananas,itisnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysoftlywhentheyfindfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon’thearthem,andtheydon’tneedtosharetheirfood.Aschildren,manyofuslearnthesaying“Youcan’tfoolMotherNature.”Butmaybeyoucan’ttrusther,either.4.Aploverprotectsitsyoungfromapredatorby________.A.gettingclosertoitsyoung B.drivingawaytheadultpredatorC.leavingitsyounginanothernest D.pretendingtobeinjured5.By“Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky”(Paragraph4),theauthormeans________.A.chimpsarereadytoattackothersB.chimpsaresometimesdishonestC.chimpsarejealousofthewinnersD.chimpscanbeselfishtoo6.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Somechimpslowertheircrytokeepfoodawayfromothers.B.Thelosingchimpwonthefightbytakingthewinner'shand.C.Cuckoosfooltheiradoptiveparentsbymakingnonests.D.Somecleverscrubjaysoftenstealtheirfoodback.7.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Doanimalslie?B.DoesMotherNaturefoolanimals?C.Howdoanimalslearntolie?D.Howdoeshonestyhelpanimalssurvive?【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过列举一些鸟类和黑猩猩的例子，表明动物有时会撒谎，这是它们生存的需要。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Forexample,abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.(例如，一种名为“plover”的鸟有时为了保护雏鸟而假装受伤)”和“Thepredatorfollowsthe“hurt”adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.(捕食者跟随“受伤”的成年鸟，将雏鸟安全地留在巢中)”可知，plover通过假装受伤来保护雏鸟免受捕食者的伤害。故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。由第四段“Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner’shandandstartfightingagain.(Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.在一场搏斗之后，输了的黑猩猩会向另一只黑猩猩伸出手来。当获胜的黑猩猩也伸出手来时，黑猩猩再次友好起来。但是一位动物专家曾经看到一只失败的黑猩猩抓住胜利者的手，再次开始打架)”可知，一只输了的黑猩猩通过伸手以示友好，突然再次攻击获胜黑猩猩，说明黑猩猩也可能不诚实，可得出“Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky”的意思是“黑猩猩有时不诚实”。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysoftlywhentheyfindfood.(但是一些聪明的黑猩猩在找到食物时学会了非常轻柔地呼喊)”可知，“一些黑猩猩为了不让其他黑猩猩接触食物，会降低呼喊声（非常轻柔地呼喊）”正确。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.(许多种类的鸟很善于愚弄其他动物)”和下文列举的一些鸟类和黑猩猩欺骗其它动物的例子可知，文章主要讲动物也会撒谎、欺骗，A项“动物会撒谎吗？”符合文意。故选A项。C“Thepriceofbooksforourstudentsisjustgettinghigherandhigherand，combinedwiththerisingcostoftuition，it’skillingthesestudents，”saidPeterJason，acollegeprofessor.“Remember，studentsareoneofthepoorestgroupsofpeopleinAmerica.Almosthalfofthemhaveatleastonepart-timejob.Infact，oneofmystudentshasthreejobs.Andshestillmanagestohavehighscoresandgotoschoolfull-time.”Textbookpricesaretraditionallyhigh.Addingtothatproblem,manycollegeteacherschangetextbooksyearafteryear;theyeitherupgradetoaneweditionorswitchtoanentirelydifferenttextbook.Thisfurtherhurtsstudentsbecauseifaninstructornolongerusesaparticulartextbook，thatbookhasnoresalevalue.Dr.Jasondecidedtomakereadingalittleeasierandalotcheaperforhisstudentsbywritinghisownbookonpublicspeaking.“ManybookshaveanincreasedpricebecauseofCD-ROMs，lotsofcolorphotographsandpictures.Italkedtomystudents，andmanyofthem，likeme，prefertokeepthingssimple!So，afewyearsago，Iwrotemyowntextbook.Comparedtomostotherpublicspeakingbooks，mineishalfthenumberofpages，andone-thirdtheprice.Thatis，$30insteadof$90.WhenIwroteasecondeditionlastyear，studentsonlyhadtobuythe35newpages,Foronly$7.00，theyhadalmostanewbook.Nowmyloose-leaftextbookenjoysgreatpopularityamongthestudents.Maybeinthefuturemorewritersandpublisherswilltryit.”8.WhatdidDr.Jasonsayaboutstudentsatcollege?A.Theyareshortofmoney.B.Theyneedbettertextbooks.C.Theyshoulddopart-timejobs.D.Theyaretryingtogethighscores.9.WhatdidDr.Jasondecidetodotohelpthestudents?A.Tochoosecheapertextbooks.B.Towriteatextbookhimself.C.Tospeaktohisstudents.D.Touseoldtextbooks.10.Howmuchdoesapublicspeakingtextbookusuallycost?A.About7dollars. B.About30dollars.C.About37dollars. D.About90dollars.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Dr.Jason’stextbookhasCD-ROMsandnicepictures.B.Morewritersandpublisherswillwritesimplertextbooks.C.Dr.Jasonteachespublicspeakingatacollege.D.Dr.Jason’stextbookisnotwellreceived.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了大学的教材和学费越来越贵，导致很多学生快担负不起。文章还分析了教材贵的原因。同时，介绍了Dr.Jason为解决这个问题所做的努力。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第1段“Remember，studentsareoneofthepoorestgroupsofpeopleinAmerica.Almosthalfofthemhaveatleastonepart-timejob可知，学生是美国最贫穷的人之一，几乎一半的学生都要做兼职赚钱。所以大学生缺钱。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr.Jasondecidedtomakereadingalittleeasierandalotcheaperforhisstudentsbywritinghisownbookonpublicspeaking可知，Dr.Jason决定通过写书的方式来帮助学生。让读书变得更容易。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Comparedtomostotherpublicspeakingbooks，mineishalfthenumberofpages，andone-thirdtheprice.Thatis，$30insteadof$90可知，比起其他公共演讲的教材，Dr.Jason的书只有一半厚。价格是30美元而不是正常书籍的90美元。所以一本公开演讲的教科书通常要。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段So，afewyearsago，Iwrotemyowntextbook.Comparedtomostotherpublicspeakingbooks，mineishalfthenumberofpages，andone-thirdtheprice.Thatis，$30insteadof$90提到Dr.Jason写的书是关于“公共演讲”的。也是在最后一段，Dr.Jason把自己所写的书和其他公共演讲的书在厚度和价格上做了对比。由此判断出，Dr.Jason在大学教的是公共演讲的课程。故选C项。DE-bikesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Itopenscyclingtoolderpeople,thosewithdisabilities,peoplewholiveinhillycitieswhereregularcyclingrequiresseriouseffort.Threethingsareneededtomakee-bikespopular—asafeplacetoride,goodaffordablebikesandasecureplacetopark.Safetycomesfirst.Forbikelanes(车道)towork,thenetworkhastobecontinuous,notjustforcingcyclistsintothemiddleofabusystreet.Itshouldbewellprotectedsothatthecyclistswon'tfeelthey'llbeknockeddownbycars.It'snecessarytoprovidegoodaffordablee-bikestocustomerseitherinphysicalstoresorinonlinestores.Onlyinthiswaycanpeopleconsiderbuyingoneastheirmeansoftransportation.Parkingremainsanavoidableproblemifwewanttoencouragemorepeopletoridee-bikes.InNetherlandsorCopenhagen,largebikeparkinglotsattrainandbusstationsencouragevarietiesoftransport.Peoplecaneasilyfindbikeparkingeverywhere.Thisisgoingtobeneededinothercitiestoofore-bikestoreallybecomeaformoftransportation.Asamatteroffact,peoplehavefoundthate-bikesareeffectivetransportationchoices.Arecentstudyshowsthatpeoplewhoridee-bikesincreasetheirtraveldistancefrom2.1to9.2kmperdayonaverage.Thatissuretodogoodtotheirhealth.It'salsobelievedthatifjust15%ofacity’spopulationturntoe-bikes,itwouldreducethecarbonemissions(排放)fromtransportationby12%.Alloftheseleadmetoconcludethate-bikesareafarbetterwayofdealingwithtransportationemissionsthanelectriccars.Theywon'tworkforeveryone,buttheydon'thaveto.12.Whatisthemostimportantforcyclists?A.Theirsafety. B.Affordablebikes. C.Goodparkinglot. D.Fasttransportation.13.WhyareNetherlandsandCopenhagenmentionedinParagraph2?A.Toshowtheirgoode-bikes. B.Toshowtheire-bikesareaffordable.C.Toshowcyclistshavesafeplacestoride. D.Toshowtheyoffergoodbikeparkinglots.14.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?A.Therulesofridingbicycles. B.Theadvantagesofridingbicycles.C.Thehealthbenefitsofridingbicycles. D.Theharmfulinfluenceofridingbicycles.15Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardse-bikes?A.Worried. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了骑行电动自行车的好处及推广电动车需从安全性、价格和停车场所三方面入手。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Safetycomesfirst.(安全第一)”可知，对于骑行者来说最重要的是安全。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第三句“InNetherlandsorCopenhagen,largebikeparkinglotsattrainandbusstationsencouragevarietiesoftransport.(在荷兰或哥本哈根，火车站和公共汽车站的大型自行车停车场鼓励使用各种交通工具)”可知，在荷兰和哥本哈根有很好的自行车停放处。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段后两句“Thatissuretodogoodtotheirhealth.It'salsobelievedthatifjust15%ofacity’spopulationturntoe-bikes,itwouldreducethecarbonemissions(排放)fromtransportationby12%.(那肯定对他们的健康有好处。人们还认为，如果一个城市有15%的人口转为骑电动自行车，那么交通运输的碳排放量将减少12%)”可知，本段在说明骑电动自行车的好处。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Alloftheseleadmetoconcludethate-bikesareafarbetterwayofdealingwithtransportationemissionsthanelectriccars.(所有这些让我得出结论，电动自行车是比电动汽车更好地处理交通排放的方式)”可知，作者对电动自行车的态度是肯定的。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Somestudentsprefertolearnbythemselves.Theythinktheycanlearnbetterinthiswaybecausetheyhavemorefreedom,pressureandindependence.Thereissometruthintheirway.___16___Itisbettertohaveateacher,especiallywhentheylearnsomethingmoredifficult.First,ateachercanactasaguidetoleadyoutosuccess.Whenyoulearn,youneedhelpandadvice.Ateacherwillgiveyouahandwhenyoufacedifficulties.___17___Whatismore,ateacherputsrealpressureonyou.Ifyoustudybyyourself,youmustbestrong-mindedenoughtokeepon.___18___Butundertheguidanceofateacher,youwillfeelthereisalwayssomeonetowatchyou.Theteachermaygiveyouhomeworktodo.Youmustcompletethehomework,oryouwillnotpassthecourse.Lastbutnotleast,studyingwithateacherwillhelpyoureceivethebenefitoftheteacher’sknowledge.___19___Theyteachstudentshowtolearnandhowtoobtaininformation.Theyguideallofyouinclasstodiscussthematerialandprovideextramaterialtobroadenthescopeofthetopic.___20___Ichoosetolearninabigfamily—myschool.Withoutateacher,Iwouldfeeltherewouldbenofunandnopressure.Icouldnotlearnwellinsuchdullanddepressingcircumstances.A.Besides,teachersareconnectedwithourlife.B.Teacherscanhelpyousolveallofyourproblems.C.InshortIprefertogotoclassstudyingwithateacher.D.Withoutaguide,youwouldbesearchingindarkness.E.Andyoumaybecomeinactiveforlackofastrongwill.F.Buttheyfailtoseetheadvantagesoflearningwithateacher.G.Inclass,teachersdomorethanjustgoingoverthematerialinthetext.【答案】16.F17.D18.E19.G20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍相比于自学，跟着老师学习的好处。【16题详解】上文“Somestudentsprefertolearnbythemselves.Theythinktheycanlearnbetterinthiswaybecausetheyhavemorefreedom,pressureandindependence.Thereissometruthintheirway.(有些学生喜欢自学。他们认为这样可以学得更好，因为他们有更多的自由、压力和独立性。他们的方式有些道理)”提到那些喜欢自学的学生，而下文“Itisbettertohaveateacher,especiallywhentheylearnsomethingmoredifficult.(最好是有一个老师，特别是当他们学习更困难的东西)”提到有个老师一起会比较好，故上下文是转折关系，F项“但是他们没有看到跟着老师学习的好处”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“First,ateachercanactasaguidetoleadyoutosuccess.Whenyoulearn,youneedhelpandadvice.Ateacherwillgiveyouahandwhenyoufacedifficulties.(首先，老师可以作为一个向导，引导你走向成功。当你学习的时候，你需要帮助和建议。当你遇到困难时，老师会帮助你)”可知，老师能指导你走向成功，D项“没有向导，你将在黑暗中寻找”符合语境，D项中“guide”是词汇复现，故选D。【18题详解】上文“Whatismore,ateacherputsrealpressureonyou.Ifyoustudybyyourself,youmustbestrong-mindedenoughtokeepon.(更重要的是，老师会给你真正的压力。如果你自学，你必须有足够的毅力坚持下去)”提到，独自学习的学生需要有坚强的意志才能坚持下去，E项“你可能会因为缺乏坚强的意志而变得不活跃”符合语境，接着说缺少坚强的意志就可能会变得懒散，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“Whatismore,ateacherputsrealpressureonyou.Ifyoustudybyyourself,youmustbestrong-mindedenoughtokeepon.(最后但并非最不重要的是，跟着老师学习可以帮助你从老师的知识中获益)”可知，本段是说从老师的知识中获得的益处，G项“在课堂上，老师所做的不仅仅是复习课文中的材料”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】这一段似乎作为总结性的一段，根据下文“Ichoosetolearninabigfamily—myschool.Withoutateacher,Iwouldfeeltherewouldbenofunandnopressure.(我选择在一个大家庭里学习——我的学校)”可知，作者选择在学校学习，C项“简而言之，我更喜欢上课和老师一起学习”符合语境，故选C。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIfirstarrivedinSantiago,Chile,andtookawalkaroundthecitycenter,oneofthefirstthingsInoticedwashowmanystreetdogstherewere.Oneverycornertherewasasleeping___21___.Ateverytrafficlighttherewasadog___22___tocross.Byeveryshoptherewasadogwaitingfor___23___.AtfirstIwas___24___asIthoughttheymightbe___25___orunfriendly.However,IhavebeenhereformorethanayearnowandeverystreetdogIhaveseenhasbeenquietand___26___.Thedogsare___27___andwelcomedhereinChile.Theyare___28___givenfoodandwaterbythepublic.Somepeopleeven___29___jacketsforthedogsorputoutbedsforthemtosleepin.Thereareanestimated2.5millionstreetdogsinChileandthecanine(犬的)populationis____30____.Somepeoplebelievethatthe____31____isgettingoutofcontrolandthatitis____32____tohavesomanydogsonthestreets.Thedogscansometimescause____33____suchascaraccidentsiftheyrunintotheroad.ManyChileansthinkthatallthestreetdogsshouldbesterilized(使绝育)sothattheycannot____34____.Othersthinkthatthestreetdogpopulationshouldbeculled(i.e.reducingthepopulationbykillingthem).Thefutureofstreetdogsis____35____,butfornowitlooksliketheyareheretostay,withtheirpopulationexpandingyearbyyear.21.A.man B.cat C.dog D.boy22.A.jumping B.waiting C.hesitating D.refusing23.A.partners B.owners C.toys D.food24.A.disappointed B.nervous C.shocked D.angry25.A.aggressive B.thirsty C.hungry D.sensitive26.A.lonely B.weak C.friendly D.strong27.A.controlled B.accepted C.caught D.received28.A.often B.never C.merely D.barely29.A.wear B.make C.change D.sell30.A.aging B.raising C.growing D.declining31.A.policy B.position C.behavior D.situation32.A.unacceptable B.reasonable C.unusual D.interesting33.A.diseases B.fears C.problems D.questions34.A.bite B.breed C.bark D.grow35.A.bright B.different C.promising D.uncertain【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.A26.C27.B28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了当作者第一次来到智利的圣地亚哥，在市中心散步时注意到的第一件事就是街上有很多流浪狗，以及数量庞大的流浪狗带来的问题。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个角落都有一只狗在睡觉。A.man男人；B.cat猫；C.dog狗；D.boy男孩。根据上文“Inoticedwashowmanystreetdogstherewere.”可知，此处为每个角落都有一只狗在睡觉。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个红绿灯处都有一条狗等着过马路。A.jumping跳；B.waiting等待；C.hesitating犹豫，踌躇；D.refusing拒绝。根据“Ateverytrafficlight”以及“tocross”可推知，此处为每个红绿灯处都有一条狗等着过马路。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一家商店旁都有一只狗在等待食物。A.partners同伴；B.owners主人，拥有者；C.toys玩具；D.food食物。根据上文提到流浪狗以及下文“Theyare___8___givenfoodandwaterbythepublic”可知，此处为每一家商店旁都有一只狗在等待食物。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我很紧张，因为我认为他们可能是好斗的或不友好的。A.disappointed失望的；B.nervous紧张的；C.shocked震惊的；D.angry生气的。根据“unfriendly”可知，此处为一开始我很紧张，因为我认为他们可能是好斗的或不友好的。故选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我很紧张，因为我认为他们可能是好斗的或不友好的。A.aggressive好斗的；B.thirsty口渴的；C.hungry饥饿的；D.sensitive敏感的，善解人意的。根据or连接的unfriendly“不友好的”可推知，此处为一开始我很紧张，因为我认为他们可能是好斗的或不友好的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我在这里已经一年多了，我看到的每只流浪狗都很安静，很友好。A.lonely孤独的；B.weak虚弱的；C.friendly友好的；D.strong强壮的。根据“However”可推知，这些流浪狗和我想的不一样，它们很友好。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在智利，狗被接受和欢迎。A.controlled控制；B.accepted接受；C.caught抓住，赶上；D.received接受。根据and连接的“welcomedhereinChile”，可知，此处为在智利，狗被接受和欢迎。故选B项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们经常由公众提供食物和水。A.often经常；B.never从不；C.merely仅仅；D.barely几乎不。根据上文在智利狗被接受和欢迎，可推知，此处为他们经常由公众提供食物和水。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人甚至给狗做夹克，或者铺上床让它们睡觉。A.wear穿；B.make制作；C.change改变；D.sell卖，销售。根据“orputoutbedsforthemtosleepin.”可推知，此处为有些人甚至给狗做夹克。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据估计，智利有250万只流浪狗，而且数量还在不断增加。A.aging变老，老化；B.raising提升，举起；C.growing增加；D.declining下降。根据下文“isgettingoutofcontrol”以及“tohavesomanydogsonthestreets”可知，此处为据估计，智利有250万只流浪狗，而且数量还在不断增加。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人认为情况正在失去控制，街上有这么多狗是不可接受的。A.policy政策；B.position位置；C.behavior行为；D.situation情况。根据上文智利有250万只流浪狗，而且数量还在不断增加为一事实情况。故可推知，此处为有些人认为情况正在失去控制，街上有这么多狗是不可接受的。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：有些人认为情况正在失去控制，街上有这么多狗是不可接受的。A.unacceptable不可接受的；B.reasonable合理的；C.unusual不寻常的；D.interesting有趣的。根据and连接的“isgettingoutofcontrol”可推知，此处为有些人认为情况正在失去控制，街上有这么多狗是不可接受的。故选A项。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果它们跑到马路上，有时会引起诸如车祸之类的问题。A.diseases疾病；B.fears害怕；C.problems问题；D.questions问题（学术问题）。根据下文“suchascaraccidentsiftheyrunintotheroad”可知，此处为如果它们跑到马路上，有时会引起诸如车祸之类的问题。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多智利人认为所有流浪狗都应该绝育，这样它们就不能繁殖了。A.bite咬；B.breed生育，繁殖；C.bark吠叫；D.grow增长。根据“allthestreetdogsshouldbesterilized”流浪狗都应该绝育，可知，此处为许多智利人认为所有流浪狗都应该绝育，这样它们就不能繁殖了。故选B项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：流浪狗未来是不确定的，但现在看起来它们会留在这里，它们的数量逐年增加。A.bright明亮的；B.different不同的；C.promising有前途的；D.uncertain不确定的。根据“fornowitlooksliketheyareheretostay,withtheirpopulationexpandingyearbyyear.”和表示转折意义的but可知，可推知，此处为流浪狗的未来是不确定的。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Lastsummer,myfrienddecidedtovolunteerasanEnglishteacherinaprimaryschool.Ididn’twanttogoatfirst___36___hekepttalkingmeintojoiningit.Finally,Iagreed.Unexpectedly,themomentI___37___(step)intotheoldclassroom,Iwastouchedbytheloud,respectfulvoices.“Goodmorning,teacher!”Insteadoffoolingaround,thechildrenwerethirstyforknowledge.Thismade___38___(I)regretthatIhadn’tpreparedfortheclass.Duringthebreak,Italkedwithasweatyboyinthefrontrow.Withoutair-conditioning,theboydidn’tfeeluncomfortableatall,becausehethoughthis___39___(father)job,buildingroadsinthesun,wasreally___40___(tire).Astimewentby,Ipreparedmylessoncarefullyandorganizedmanyactivitiestogivethekidsfun.___41___(strange),theheatwasalsobecominglessunbearable.Soon,myone-monthvolunteercameto___42___end.WhenIwasleaving,Iturnedbackandsawsmilingfacesandwavinghands.Ihadneverhadsuchafeelingofsadnessbefore,whichwasmixedwithasenseofenrichmentandhappiness.Iwasfullypaid___43___mywork,notintermsofmoney,butsomethingmorevaluable.Ihearthatmyuniversityplans___44___(run)anothervoluntaryteachingprogrammethissummer.ThistimeIwon’t____45____(force).Iwillvolunteer.【答案】36.but37.stepped38.me39.father’s40.tiring41.Strangely42.an43.for44.torun45.beforced【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去年夏天，在一所小学担任英语老师的志愿者的故事。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：一开始我不想去，但他一直劝我加入。根据Finally,Iagreed可知，作者最后加入了，所以前两个分句之间是转折关系，故填but。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：没想到，一踏进老教室，就被那响亮、恭敬的声音打动了。根据本文后一句的was和本文的整体时态可知，应用一般过去时，故填stepped。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：这让我后悔没有为这门课做好准备。根据前文的made可知，此处缺少宾语，且根据提示I，故填me。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：没有空调，男孩一点都不觉得难受，因为他觉得父亲的工作，在阳光下修路，真的很累。根据名词job可知，其前面缺少定语，应用名词的所有格，再根据提示，故填father’s。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有空调，男孩一点都不觉得难受，因为他觉得父亲的工作，在阳光下修路，真的很累。根据was可知，此处应填入表语，再根据主语buildingroads，可知此处应用ing形式的形容词，故填tiring。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：奇怪的是，热也变得不那么难以忍受了。根据横线位置可知，此处应填入副词作状语修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Strangely。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：很快，我为期一个月的义工就结束了。短语cometoanend表示“结束”，故填an。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：我的工作得到了全额报酬，不是钱，而是更有价值的东西。payfor意为“支付”为常见的搭配，故填for。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我听说我的大学计划在今年夏天举办另一个志愿教学计划。plantodosth.表示“计划做某事”，故填to。【45题详解】考查语态。句意：这一次，我不会被强迫。分析句子可知，主语I与动词force之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。且位于will之后，be动词用原形，故填beforced。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假如你是李华。最近你的好友林浩来信说他升入高中以后感到不太适应，不知道如何结交新朋友。请用英文给他回信，给出一些建议。要点提示：1.面带微笑，对人友好。2.乐于助人，学会倾听。注意：1.80词左右。2.可适当增加细节，使文章连贯；DearLinHao,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua【答案】DearLinHao,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletter.Fromyourletter,Iknowyouhavedifficultymakingnewfriendsinhighschool.Mysuggestionsareasfollows.First,youshouldsmileandtrytobefriendlywhenyoumeetpeople.Youshouldalsocareaboutyourschoolmates.Ifyouarealwaysreadytohelpthem,theywillunderstandyoubetter.Second,itisimportantforyoutobeagoodlistener.Thatway,whenpeoplearewithyou,theywillfeelcomfortableandhappy.Finally,itisbetterforyoutotakeanactivepartinclassactivitieswhereyoucanshowyourtalent.Ihopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyou.Iwishyouhappinessinyournewschool.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友回信，对如何结交新朋友，更好地适应高中生活提出建议。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→pleased/happy建议：suggestion→tip重要的：important→significant积极参加：takeanactivepartin→participatein...actively2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Youshouldalsocareaboutyourschoolmates.拓展句：Youshouldalsocareaboutyourschoolmates,whichwillnarrowthedistancebetweenyouandthem.【点睛】【高分句型1】Thatway,whenpeoplearewithyou,theywillfeelcomfortableandhappy.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）【高分句型2】Finally,itisbetterforyoutotakeanactivepartinclassactivitieswhereyoucanshowyourtalent.（运用了it作形式主语，where引导的定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Forgivenessisthemostimportanttoolhumanshavebeenblessedwith.Because,withit,wecanletgoofunnecessaryburdensandtrulyownourlives.Andbydoingthat,youmaybemakeafriend.Thatwasalessonaneleven-year-oldboytaughtmewhenIwasinmyeighthgrade.WhenIwasinthefifthgrade,therewasaboyinmyclassnamedKyle.Hewasbigandstrong.Maybehewaskindinside.Maybehewasjustgoodatpretendinginfaceofadults.IsaidsobecauseIhappenedtoseehimhelpinganoldmanwhowassogratefulthathecouldn’tstopsayingthankstohim.However,tothechildrenofhisage,hewasthemeanestpersonIhadevermet.Forthefirstcoupledaysofschool,KyleandIsatacrossfromeachother.Once,hesecretlyreachedhislegsacrossthetableandslammed(猛踩)hisshoeclownonmine,causingarapidrushofpain.Istaredathimangrily,buthejustmadefacestome.Ichosetoignorehim.Ididn’twanttogetinvolvedintotroublebecauseIwasanxioustoleavetoseemybrother.Hesufferedfromastrangedisease.Despitethefactthathewasslowandhadspecialneeds,Ilovedhimandcouldn’tstandotherslaughingathim.Kyle’sbullying(欺凌)wenton.Eventually,Itoldateacher,andmyseatwasmoved.ButKyle’sabusedidn’tstop.Hecontinuedtocallmenames,suchas“stupid”.Hiswordswerequiteembarrassingtoaneleven-year-oldgirl.Heascontinuedtophysicallyhurtme.In“morningmeeting”heoncesteppedonmyfootsohardthatIburstintotears.Thiscontinuedformostoftheschoolyear.KylealsobulliedmyfriendMegan.Atonepointsheranoutoftheclassroombecausehecopiedhernonstop.Bothofuswereabsolutelypainful.Anddespitemeetingswithteachersandguidancecounselors,nothingchanged.Wehadalargeclassofnoisyboys,andtheteacherhadahardtimekeepingorder.注意1.续写词数应150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Theclimax(高潮)ofKyle’sbadbeh