甘肃省兰州市第二十七中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题

兰州二十七中20202021学年度第二学期期末考试高一英语试题本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟第一部分单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）1.Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople________harmthem.A.lessthan B.morethan C.ratherthan D.otherthan【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：核科学的发展应该造福人民，而不是伤害人民。A.lessthan少于…；B.morethan多于…；C.ratherthan而不是；D.otherthan除…之外。根据空前的benefitthepeople及空后的harmthem可知，应使用连词ratherthan，表达“而不是”之意。故选C项。2.(2009·陕西高考)Istillremember________totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A.totake B.tobetakenC.taking D.beingtaken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我仍旧记得被带去法门寺和在那里看到的。remembertodosth.“记得要做某事(该动作未发生)”；rememberdoingsth.“记得做过某事(该动作已经发生)”。依据后文的“whatIsawthere”可知这里说的是记得已经发生的动作；再者take的宾语就是句子的主语，二者之间是动宾关系，应用被动形式，所以选beingtaken。故选D。3.Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents________around$8450ayear,which________aburdenforsomeofthem.A.are;is B.are;are C.is;are D.is;is【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：该大学估计，国际学生每年的生活费约为8450美元，这对其中一些人来说是一种负担。分析句子结构，这是一个包含宾语从句和定语从句的复合句，宾语从句在动词estimates后面作主句的宾语，定语从句为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一整句话表达的内容，两个空白处均需填系动词，宾语从句的主语为复数名词expenses，所以系动词与主语保持一致，使用复数形式；定语从句的主语为句子的主句，根据主谓一致的用法，当单个句子作主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数，因整个句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，所以第一个答题空填are；第二个答题空填is，故选A项。4.Shewas________theresult.Weknewitfromher______look.A.satisfyingwith;satisfied B.satisfiedwith;satisfiedC.satisfiedwith;satisfying D.satisfyingwith;satisfying【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词用法。句意：她对这个结果很满意。从他满意的表情，我们可以知道这一点。satisfying令人满意的；是现在分词转换的形容词，常常用来修饰事物；satisfied感到满意的；是过去分词转换的形容词，常常用来修饰人或者与人有关的事物。第一个空主语是人，用satisfied，第二个空使用satisfied对名词look的内容进行修饰，表示“感到满意的”。固定搭配besatisfiedwith…对…满意；故选B。5.Itiseasyto________mycarfromothersintheparkinglot;ithasapictureofMickeyMouseontheback.A.makeup B.findout C.pickup D.pickout【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从停车场很容易辨认出我的车。它的后面有米老鼠的图画片。A.makeup构成，弥补；B.findout发现；C.pickup挑选，用车接；D.pickout辨认出。根据“ithasapictureofMickeyMouseontheback.”可知，从停车场里，从停车场很容易辨认出我的车。故选D项。6.Wehadjustbeguntowork________themachinebrokedown.A.when B.as C.while D.after【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们刚开始工作，机器就坏了。A.when当......时候；B.as当......时候；C.while当......时候；D.after在......之后。根据句意并分析句子可知，此处为固定句型：haddone...when...“刚......就......”。故选A。7.________theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.A.Notpleting B.NotpletedC.Nothavingpleted D.Havingnotpleted【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：由于没有完成课程，他们不得不在那里再呆两周。分析句子可知，设空处作状语，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，该动作先于谓语发生，应用完成式，根据句意，可知是否定形式，直接在现在分词前加not，根据句意，故选C。8.Tenyearsagothepopulationofourvillagewas_________thatoftheirs.A.astwicelargeas B.twiceaslargeasC.twiceasmuchas D.astwicemuchas【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倍数用法。句意：十年前，我们村的人口是他们村的两倍。由句式结构看，该题考查倍数句型的同级比较形式，其正确语序应为：倍数词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+其他，故选B。9Theman________atthemeetingistheone________ontheground.A.referredto;lying B.referred;lyingC.referringto;lay D.referring;laid【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：会上提到的那个人就是躺在地上的那位。分析句子可知，俩空处均应使用非谓语动词。空1，由于动词短语referto与所修饰词Theman之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词作后置定语；空2，动词lie与所修饰词theone之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词作后置定语。故选A项。10.Hisfatherisstubborn.________hehasmadeuphismindtodosomething,noonecanchangeit.A.While B.Unless C.Although D.Once【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查连词。句意：他父亲是一个非常固执的人。一旦他下定决心做某事，没有人可以改变。A.While然而；B.Unless除非；C.Although虽然；D.Once一旦。结合句意可知，空处应使用连词once，引导条件状语从句，表达“一旦”之意。故选D项。11.Theairport________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingpleted B.tobepletedC.pleted D.havingbeenpleted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。根据nextyear可知，用动词不定式作后置定语，theairport与plete在逻辑上是被动关系。故此处tobepleted表将来、被动。故选B项。12.Scientistsareconvinced_____thepositiveeffectoflaughter_____physicalandmentalhealth.A.of;at B.by;inC.of;on D.on;at【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词。句意：科学家确信笑会对人的身体和精神健康产生积极效果。根据句意可知，第一空考查短语beconvincedofsth“对某事确信”；第二空考查短语effectonsth“对某物产生的效果”。故选C。【点睛】13.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,____________________.A.thetallbuildingcollapsedB.doctorscametotheirrescuedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查句子结构。句意：被恐怖分子攻击，那栋大楼倒塌了。分析句子可知，空格处为主句，本句题干中使用了现在分词的完成被动式havingbeenattackedbyterrorists，说明后句主语是attack的承受者，根据句意可知，被攻击的是那座大楼，主语是thetallbuilding。故A项正确。14.Ireallydon’tknow________IputmywalletafterIpaidthebill.A.wherewasit B.itwaswherethatC.whereitwasthat D.wherewasitthat【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查强调句型。句意：我确实不知道付账之后我把钱包放在了何处。分析句子结构可知，设空处为宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where，由句意知此处为强调句型对特殊疑问词where进行强调，在宾语从句中应用陈述语序。故选C项。15.Theteachertogetherwiththestudents________discussingReadingSkillsthat________newlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;were B.is;were C.are;was D.is;was【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：老师和学生们正在讨论美国新出版的《阅读技巧》。AtogetherwithB作主语时谓语动词与A的数保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代Readingskills，由于ReadingSkills是书名所以谓语动词用单数，故选D。【详解】16.Iplainedtothemanagerofthehotelaboutthepoorservicelastnight,butuptonow,I________hisreply.A.didn’treceive B.haven’treceivedC.wouldn’treceive D.wasn’treceiving【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我昨晚向旅馆经理抱怨服务差，但到现在为止，我还没有收到他的答复。根据时间状语butuptonow可知，空处应使用现在完成时。故选B项。17.IntheInternetbarIfoundhim________inthecorner,withhiswholeattention_____ontheputer.A.sitting;fixing B.sat;fixed C.seated;fixing D.seated;fixed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在网吧里，我发现他坐在角落里，全神贯注地盯着电脑。不及物动词sit(坐)，及物动词seat(坐)，及物动词fix(使固定)，本句已有谓语found且无连词，动词seat用非谓语形式，逻辑主语him与动词seat是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补；第二空是“with+名词/代词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）”with复合结构，逻辑主语hiswholeattention与动词fix是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。故选D项。18.Onlyafterthedriverwassenttohospital________howseriouslyhewashurtintheaccident.A.weknew B.wehadknownC.hadweknown D.didweknow【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有在司机被送往医院后，我们才知道他在事故中受了多重的伤。only引导状语从句，并且用在句首时，主句部分倒装。根据“thedriverwassenttohospital”可知，主句用一般过去时。故选D项。19.________seemsstrangetousis________shecansingsomanyEnglishsongsbeautifully.A.What;that B.It;why C.That;how D.It;that【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查主语从句连接词及表语从句连接词。句意：让我们吃惊的是，她可以唱这么多动听地英文歌。分析句子可知，空1应使用what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当主语；空2应使用that引导表语从句，无实义，在从句中不充当任何成分。故选A项。20.–Ioftenseehimworkinghardinhissparetime.–________hehaswonthescholarshipfromtimetotime.A.Nodoubt B.Noway C.Nowonder D.Noproblem【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——经常看到他在业余时间努力工作。——难怪他时不时得到奖学金。A.Nodoubt毫不怀疑；B.Noway不可能；C.Nowonder怪不得；D.Noproblem没问题。结合句意可知，应使用nowonder，表达“怪不得”之意，是itisnowonderthat的简写。故选C项。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。AIfyouareplanningatourtoFrance,Septemberisoneofthebestchoices.Notonlywillyougettoenjoyplentyofsunshineandwarmweather,butthetouristseasonisbeginningtowinddownwhichmeanscheaperairfares,lowerpricesathotels,andfewercrowds.IfthisisyourfirsttriptoFrance,hereissomehandyinformationtohelpyou!VisitingMuseumsManymuseumsinFrancehaveextendedopeninghoursduringthesummertoadapttotheextratouristsfromhomeandabroad,andsomemuseumsalsohaveextendedopeninghoursintoSeptember.WanderingaroundtheLouvre（卢浮宫）willtakeyouintoawonderworld,whereyoucanenjoyworldfamousart.GoingoutoftheLouvre,youcanwalktothemodernandfashionableChumpsElyseestodosomeshopping.TakingaCruise（乘船游览）Thetemperaturesareslightlylower,butplentyofsunshinemakesforperfectconditionstoenjoyabargecruiseonthecanalsofFrance.Willisuchfortableweatherandbeautifulsceneryatthistimeofyear,nothingequalshangingoutonthedeckofabarge.WineTastingSeptemberisthebeginningofthegrapeharvestseasoninFrancemeaningthereareplentyofwinerelatedeventsandfestivalsaroundthecountry.SoSeptemberisagreattimetovisitthevineyards(葡萄园）aroundthecountryandgowinetasting.TheBordeaux,LoireandBurgundyregionsarealllovelyandgreatplacestovisitvineyards.Besidesthat,goingtothecastlesoftheLoireregionbetweenvisitingvineyardsonsuchwarmandsunnydaysisalsoveryenjoyable.Besidestheabove,ridingabikethroughFrance'svillagesisalsoaweleactivityforyoungvisitorsinSeptember.So,don'thesitateandstarttoplanyourSeptembertriptoFrancenow.21.WhendomanyFrenchmuseumsextendtheiropeninghours?A.InJan.&Feb.. B.InApr.&May.C.InAug.&Sep.. D.InNov.&Dec..22.Whereshouldyougoifyouwanttovisitbothvineyardsandcastles?A.Bordeaux. B.Loire. C.Burgundy. D.ChampsElysees.23.HowdoyoulikeFranceinSeptember?A.Warmbutcrowded. B.Coolbutmuchnoisy.C.Coldandlessnoisy. D.Sunnyandlesscrowded.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章对九月的法国旅行行程建议进行了详细说明。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据VisitingMuseums部分第一句“ManymuseumsinFrancehaveextendedopeninghoursduringthesummertoadapttotheextratouristsfromhomeandabroad,andsomemuseumsalsohaveextendedopeninghoursintoSeptember.”（法国的许多博物馆都延长了夏季的开放时间，以适应来自国内外的额外游客，一些博物馆还将开放时间延长到9月）可知，法国的许多博物馆会在夏天延长开放时间，甚至还延长到9月，故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据WineTasting部分第一段“TheBordeaux,LoireandBurgundyregionsarealllovelyandgreatplacestovisitvineyards.Besidesthat,goingtothecastlesoftheLoireregionbetweenvisitingvineyardsonsuchwarmandsunnydaysisalsoveryenjoyable.”（波尔多、卢瓦尔和勃艮第地区都是参观葡萄园的好地方。除此之外，在这样温暖阳光明媚的日子里，在参观葡萄园的间隙去参观卢瓦尔地区的城堡也是非常愉快的）可知，在卢瓦尔可以同时参观葡萄园和城堡。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Notonlywillyougettoenjoyplentyofsunshineandwarmweather,butthetouristseasonisbeginningtowinddownwhichmeanscheaperairfares,lowerpricesathotels,andfewercrowds.”（你不仅可以享受到充足的阳光和温暖的天气，而且旅游季节也即将结束——这意味着更便宜的机票、更低的酒店价格和更少的人群）可知，九月的法国阳光明媚而且还不拥挤。故选D。BMamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintoourhouse.Mamasaysallthedustisduetothedrought.Thedirtsiftsintoeverything.Itcoversourclothes.Wehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeal.WerarelydrivethetruckbecausePapafearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.Whenmysister,Faye,andIwalktoschool,wewearkerchiefsoverourmouthssowedon’tbreatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosetheschool,westayhomeandhelpMamaputwetsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirtalwaysfindsawayin.LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterlunch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileIplayedwithFayeintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudofdust.Allthebirdsflewaway.“ImustwarnPapa,”Ithoughttomyself.Toavoidherpanicking,IgentlytoldFayetogobackinsidewhereshewouldbesafe,andthenheadedofftothefield.Thestormhitsofast,andinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.BythetimeIenteredthecowfieldthefinesandwaswhippingacrossmyface.IscreamedforPapa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.Thedirtandsandstungmyskinlikeathousandbees.AlthoughIwasterrified,Irefusedtoturnback.Mydadwasstrandedandneededmyhelp.Coveringmyfacewithonehand,Igropedmywaytowardthetruckandopenedthedoor.FirstItriedturningthetruck’slightsonandoff,hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthesandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthehornagainandagain,soPapawouldhearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.Suddenly,Papa’sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartleapedwithsurpriseandrelief.Heopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hethenpulledmeintohisarmsandsaid,“Oh,Iris,yousavedme!”Finally,thewindsubsidedandthedustbegantosettle.Dirtwaspileduptothewindowononesideofthetruckandhalfwayupthedoorontheother.Papakickedagainstthedoor,openingitfarenoughtoletusout.Sandandsoildriftswereeverywhere,butweweresafe.24.Whatisthemainfunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itdescribesaproblemthecharactersmustsolve.B.Itestablishesthesettingwherethestorytakesplace.C.Itintroducesthecharactersthatwillfollowinthestory.D.Itexplainsthemotivationsforthecharacters’lateractions.25.WhydidPapagotothefieldthatSunday?A.Hewastryingtogettohistruck.B.Heneededtopreparethefieldforharvest.C.Hewantedtomakesuretheanimalswerefine.D.Heplannedtobringinthecattlebeforethestorm.26.HowdidIrissaveherfather?A.Bywarninghimtorunaway. B.Byturningonthetruck’slights.C.Byguidinghimtowardstheshelter. D.Byscreaminghisnameatthetopofhervoice.27.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeIris?A.Braveandcalm. B.Experiencedandconfident.C.Adventurousandcareful. D.Fearlessandsympathetic【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了上周日，Iris一家突然遭遇了沙尘暴，而Iris的爸爸去田里看家畜还没能回来，Iris急忙呼喊爸爸回家，又一遍遍地按汽车喇叭好让父亲听到。最终父亲平安找到了车，一家人躲过了沙尘暴。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据前两段的内容主要描述了Iris一家住在风沙很大的地方，每天不得不用头巾蒙住嘴，才不会吸入灰尘，在空气很糟糕的日子里，学校会关闭，他们呆在家里帮妈妈把湿床单盖在窗户上。为后文沙尘暴的发生介绍背景，由此可推知，前两段的主要功能是交待故事发生的背景。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Afterlunch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileIplayedwithFayeintheyard.可知，午饭后，我和Faye在院子里玩耍，爸爸去田野里看家畜。由此可知，那个星期天爸爸到田里去想确保家畜们安然无恙。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中FirstItriedturningthetruck’slightsonandoff,hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthesandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthehornagainandagain,soPapawouldhearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.可知，首先，作者试着打开和关闭卡车的灯，希望爸爸能看到他们闪烁，但沙尘暴挡住了光。然后作者一次又一次地按喇叭，好让爸爸听到。作者用力推，直到手臂没有力气了。由此可知，Iris是通过按卡车喇叭引导父亲找到卡车，以躲避沙尘暴。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要记叙了上周日，Iris一家突然遭遇了沙尘暴，而Iris的爸爸去田里看家畜还没能回来，Iris急忙呼喊爸爸回家，又一遍遍地按汽车喇叭好让父亲听到。最终父亲平安找到了车，一家人躲过了沙尘暴。由此可以推断，Iris是机智并且冷静的孩子。故选A。CWithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner,todaywewillexploretheworldofghostsinthisprogram!TheMerriamWebsteronlinedictionarysaystheword“ghost”goesbackathousandyearstothe“earliestrecordedevidenceofthelanguage”.Thefirstmeaningof“ghost”was“theseatoflifeorintelligence”.Anditstillhasthatmeaninginsomeexpression.However,today,theword“ghost”usuallymeansthesoulofadeadperson.Thismeaningisbasedontheideathataperson’sspiritandbodyareseparate.Thespiritcancontinueexistinglongafterthebodyhasdied.DuringHalloween,kidsdressedasghostsaremonsights.Thecostumeisverysimple:justthrowonawhitecloththatcoversyoufromheadtofoot.Butdonotexpecttowinanycostumepetitions!Youwouldnothaveaghostofachance.Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen.Thesightmightevenmakeyouturnpaleasaghost.Thisisusedwhenpeoplelosecolorintheirface.Sometimesthishappenswhenapersonisscared.Butabadcoldandflucanalsoturnyouaspaleasaghost.“Ghost”canalsobeaverb.Inthe1880sthetermghostmeantapersonwhoworksinsecretforanotherperson.Ghostwritersproducespeechesforpoliticians.Theyalsoproducebooksforauthorswhowanttotelltheirlifestoriesbutarenotprofessionalwriters.Andsometimesghostwritersareinvolvedinaseriesofbooks,likethechildren’sstoriesbasedontheteenagedetectiveNancyDrew.Thestoriesbeganin1930.TheauthorgivencreditwasCarolynKeene.Butshewasnotevenreal!Ghostwritersdidallthework.Anotherexpressionusing“ghost”asaverbissimplytoghost.Thisdoesnotmeantodie.Itmeanstoleaveaplaceoreventwithoutsaying“goodbye”toanyone.Youcanghostfromyourjob.Youcanghostfromaparty.Youcanevenghostfromarelationship.Thisiswhenyoustopmunicatingwithsomeonebecauseyouaresimplynolongerinterestedinthem.28.Thebasicmeaningoftheword“ghost”nowadaysis________.A.thesecretofanotherperson. B.thecolorofone’sface.C.thespiritofadeadperson. D.theoriginofintelligence.29.Ifsomeonesays“youdon’thaveaghostofchancetowinthematch”,hemeans________.A.withoutdoubtyouwon’tlosethematch.B.thematchisunlikelytohappen.C.it’simpossibleforyoutowinthematch.D.youaretooscaredtowinthematch.30.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheword“ghost”accordingtothepassage?A.Kidsdressedinawhiteclothlikeghostscanwinacostumepetition.B.Abadcoldcanturnpeopleaspaleasaghostbecausetheyfearillness.C.ItwasCarolynKeenewhoghostwrotethechildren’sstories.D.Apersondevotedtohisjobisunlikelytoghostfromhisjob.31Thispassageislikelytoappearin________.A.aHalloweenposter B.aradioprogramC.afashionmagazine D.anewspaperadvertisement【答案】28.C29.C30.D31.B【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了关于鬼字（ghost）的来源和各种用法。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“However,today,theword“ghost”usuallymeansthesoulofadeadperson.Thismeaningisbasedontheideathataperson’sspiritandbodyareseparate.Thespiritcancontinueexistinglongafterthebodyhasdied.（然而，今天，“鬼”这个词通常意味着一个死人的灵魂。这个意思是基于一个人的精神和身体是分开的。灵魂可以在肉体死亡后长期存在。）”可知，现在“鬼”这个词的基本意思是死者的灵魂。故选C项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Butdonotexpecttowinanycostumepetitions!Youwouldnothaveaghostofachance.Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen.（但是不要期望赢得任何服装比赛！你不会有任何机会。人们用这个短语来表示某事不太可能发生。）”可知，这句话的意思是你不可能赢得这场比赛。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Anotherexpressionusing“ghost”asaverbissimplytoghost.Thisdoesnotmeantodie.Itmeanstoleaveaplaceoreventwithoutsaying“goodbye”toanyone.Youcanghostfromyourjob.Youcanghostfromaparty.Youcanevenghostfromarelationship.Thisiswhenyoustopmunicatingwithsomeonebecauseyouaresimplynolongerinterestedinthem.（另一个使用“ghost”作为动词的表达方式是单纯的“ghost”。这并不意味着死亡。它的意思是离开一个地方或事件没有说“再见”给任何人。你可以从你的工作中消失。你可以从聚会上消失。你甚至可以从一段关系中消失。这是当你停止与某人交流，因为你对他们不再感兴趣。）”可知，一个热爱自己工作的人不太可能放弃他的工作。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner,todaywewillexploretheworldofghostsinthisprogram.（随着万圣节的临近，今天我们将在这个节目中探索鬼怪的世界！）”可知，这段文字很可能会出现在无线电节目。故选B项。DNottoolongago,oneofmydaughter’smiddleschoolteacherstoldmethatmydaughterwasspendingalotoftimeonherphoneduringclass.Thisdidn’tsurpriseme.IamafilmmakerandI’mmakingdocumentary(纪录片)“Screenagers:GrowingupintheDigitalAge”carefullybecauseIknowhowstronglytechnologyattractsyouthandhowconfusedweareaboutwhattodoaboutthat.Thismonth,thescreenagersteamandIpletedasurveyofpeoplewhowereinterestedinthetopicofourfilmtogatherdataonmiddleschoolphonerules.Morethan1,200middleschoolparentsintheUnitedStatesresponded.Twostrikingfindingsappeared:●55%oftheparentssaidtheirchildren’smiddleschoolsnowallowcellphoneuse,withpublicschoolsbeingmorelikelythanprivateschoolstoallowit.●Morethan80%ofparentsdonotwanttheirkidstousecellphonesduringschool.Recently,Franceannounceditisbanningcellphonesinschoolforallstudentsage15andunder,startingnextfall.Fromoursurvey,it’snotonlyparentswhosupport“awayfortheday”policies,whichrequirestudentstoleavetheirphonesoutofreach—sodoesscience.Weknowthatthefrontallobe(脑叶)—thepartofthebrainresponsibleforimpulse(冲动)control—isnotfullydevelopedinmiddleschoolagedchildren.Whenweexpectkidstolearnhowtohandlephoneuseinplaceslikeclassrooms,wearesettingmanyofthemupforfailure.Schoolsprohibiting(禁止)cellphonessawstudenttestscoresimproveby6.41%,accordingtoa2015studyfromtheUnitedKingdom.IntheUS,administratorsofschoolsthathaveadopted“awayfortheday”policieshavereportedimprovementsinstudents’emotionalwellbeingtoo.ItistimeweshouldfollowFrance’sleadanddowhatisbestforourmiddleschoolstudentstoday.32.Whydidtheauthorfeelnosurpriseaboutherdaughter’sbehavior?A.Herdaughterdidn’tworkveryhard.B.Thedigitalworldisimportanttostudents.C.Filmshaveattractedstudentsdeeply.D.Technologyhasinfluencedyouthgreatly.33.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsstudents’usingcellphonesduringclass?A.Supportive. B.Unclear.C.Concerned. D.Indifferent.34.Whatdoesthescreenagersteam’ssurveyfind?A.Banningphonesinschoolgetsscientificsupport.B.Privateschoolshaveloosedcontroloverphones.C.Usingphonesfrequentlydoesharmtothebrain.D.Studentsarenotallowedtousephones.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Smartphonesaren’tasmartchoiceinmiddleschools.B.Cellphoneshaveabadinfluenceonstudents’brain.C.Westerncountriestendtobantheuseofcellphonesinschool.D.Studentswithoutcellphonesmakerapidprogressinstudy.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。法国的实践表明：禁止使用的学校的学习成绩有很大提高。作者建议向法国学习。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“IamafilmmakerandI'mmakingthedocumentary(纪录片)“Screenagers:GrowingupintheDigitalAge”carefullybecauseIknowhowstronglytechnologyattractsyouthandhowconfusedweareaboutwhattodoaboutthat.(我是一名电影制作人，我正在仔细地制作纪录片《屏幕人：在数字时代中成长》，因为我知道科技对年轻人的吸引力有多大，我们对如何应对这种吸引力感到困惑)”可知，作者深知高科技产品对青年人有巨大的影响。故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“andhowconfusedweareaboutwhattodoaboutthat.(我们对如何应对这种吸引力感到困惑)”以及最后一段“ItistimeweshouldfollowFrance'sleadanddowhatisbestforourmiddleschoolstudentstoday.(现在是时候我们应该跟随法国的脚步，为我们的中学生做最好的事情)”可知，作者对学生在课堂上使用持关切的态度。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。第五段提到“Fromoursurvey,it’snotonlyparentswhosupport“awayfortheday”policies,whichrequirestudentstoleavetheirphonesoutofreachsodoesscience"(根据我们的调查，不仅家长支持“外出一天”的政策，要求学生把放在够不到的地方，科学也是如此)”，并且第六段“Weknowthatthefrontallobe(脑叶)—thepartofthebrainresponsibleforimpulse(冲动)control—isnotfullydevelopedinmiddleschoolagedchildren.(我们知道，额叶——大脑中负责冲动控制的部分——在中学生中没有得到充分发展)”则提供了强有力的科学证据，说明脑叶尚未完全发育成熟的中学生还不能很好地控制自己的冲动，即他们难以正确处理对他们学习造成的不利影响。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章首先谈到学生在课堂上使用的现象，进而通过调查、对比、举例等方法进行论证，最后得出结论：智能对在校学习的中学生来说并不是一个明智的选择。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Clothesshoppingusedtobeanoccasionalevent.Ithappenedafewtimesayearwhentheseasonschangedorpeopleoutgrewwhattheyhad.____36____Clothesbecamecheaper,fashiontrendsspedup,shoppingbecameahobbyandpeopleenteredfastfashion.Fastfashionreferstolowcost,quicklymadeclothingthatcopiesthelatesthighendfashionsthestarswear.Globalchainsdominatemainstreetandonlineshopping.Theysellthemosttrendyclothingpeoplecouldbuywithpocketmoney.____37____Obviously,fastfashionisnotgreatfortheenvironment.Toooftentheclothespurchasedbecauseofthecheappriceendupinthetrash.235millionclothingitemsintheUKalonewenttolandfillin2017.Fastfashionitemsareoftenwornlessthan5times,keptforroughly35days,andproduceover400percentmorecarbonemissionsperitemperyearthanclothesworn50timesandkeptforafullyear.Theclothingindustryaccountsfor10percentofglobalcarbonemissions.____38____.Itsconstantspeedanddemandalsoleadtootherenvironmentalproblems.____39____Clothingworkerssometimesworkindangerousenvironments,forlowwages,andwithoutbasichumanrights.Fastfashionmakesconsumersbelievetheyneedtoshopmoretostayontopoftrends,creatingaconstantsenseofneedandultimatedissatisfaction.Asmorepeoplebeeawareoftheissuessurroundingfastfashion,thingsarechanging.Brandsstartpractisingmoreecofriendlybusiness.Forexample,____40____Thenwhatcanordinarypeopledo?Buyinglessisthefirst.Chooseecofriendlyfabric,suchascotton.Finally,wearclothesuntiltheyarewornout!A.Butabout20yearsago,somethingchangedB.Aswellastheenvironmentalcost,there'sahumancostC.Itremainsthesecondlargestindustrialpolluter,secondonlytooilD.GovernmentsstartincreasingtaxonpurchasesandfundonrecyclingE.Therefore,everyonecouldaffordtodressliketheirfavouritecelebrityF.Naturalfibres,althoughmorecarbonefficient,stillneedmorewatertogrowG.Levi'ssetagoaltocutgreenhousegasemissionsinsupplychainby40percent【答案】36.A37.E38.C39.B40.G【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述买衣服曾经是偶尔的事，如今衣服变得更便宜，时尚趋势加快，购物成为一种爱好，人们进入了快时尚时期。快时尚对环境的造成污染。随着越来越多的人意识到与快时尚有关的问题，各大品牌开始制作更加环保的衣服。普通人应穿更环保的衣服，少买并选择环保面料。【36题详解】由下文“Clothesbecamecheaper,fashiontrendsspedup,shoppingbecameahobbyandpeopleenteredfastfashion.(衣服变得更便宜，时尚趋势加快，购物成为一种爱好，人们进入了快速时尚。)”可知时代在发展，人的穿着思维也在变。A项中的“somethingchanged”与之相符，且与上文“Clothesshoppingusedtobeanoccasionalevent.(买衣服曾经是偶尔的事。)”是转折关系。故选A。【37题详解】根据上文“Fastfashionreferstolowcost,quicklymadeclothingthatcopiesthelatesthighendfashionsthestarswear.(快速制作的服装，模仿明星们最新的高端时尚)”可知本句在表达每个人都可以穿得像他们最喜欢的名人一样。因此推断E项符合语境，与上文是因果关系。故选E。【38题详解】上文“Fastfashionitemsareoftenwornlessthan5times,keptforroughly35days,andproduceover400percentmorecarbonemissionsperitemperyearthanclothesworn50timesandkeptforafullyear.Theclothingindustryaccountsfor10percentofglobalcarbonemissions.(快时尚的衣服通常穿不到5次，保存约35天，每件衣服每年产生的碳排放量比穿50次并保存一整年的衣服高出400%以上。服装行业占全球碳排放量的10％)”可知，讲述快时尚衣服给环境带来的危害，C项中的“thesecondlargestindustrialpolluter”与之相符，因此推断C项“它仍然是第二大工业污染者，仅次于石油”符合语境，与前文是并列关系，故选C。【39题详解】根据后面的“Clothingworkerssometimesworkindangerousenvironments,forlowwages,andwithoutbasichumanrights.(服装工人有时在危险的环境中工作，工资低，没有基本人权。)”可知讲述快时尚带来的人力浪费，B项中的“ahumancost”与之相符，B项中的“Aswellastheenvironmentalcost”照应上文，起承上启下的作用。故选B。【40题详解】根据前句“Asmorepeoplebeeawareoftheissuessurroundingfastfashion,thingsarechanging.Brandsstartpractisingmoreecofriendlybusiness.(随着越来越多的人意识到与快速时尚有关的问题，情况正在发生变化。各大品牌开始实行更环保的业务)”可知，讲述各大品牌商为减少环境危害做出的努力，G项“李维斯的目标是将供应链中的温室气体排放量减少40％”是举例说明，故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Imagesofherchildhoodflashedpasthereyes.Thereshewas,agedthree,buildingasandcastleonthe___41___.Timeflewbyasthosesmalllittle___42___changedintostrongeroneswhichweretryingto___43___acastleoutofLegoblocks.Movingon,thosehandswere___44___coveredwithsweat,asshe___45___apentightly,whiletakingherfirstmajorexam.Lateron,theywereslightlyrelaxed,asthepenwaschangedintoasteeringwheel,___46___alongwithfamilyandfriends.Howfasttime___47___,shethought.Wealleintothisworldwithasetof___48___,hopesandaspiration.Weare___49___togrowuptoachievethesedreamsand___50___theworld.Butmaybesometimesinthisprocess,weforgetto___51___thejourney.Yes,itis___52___topursueyourdreamsandworkhardtoachievethem.Butatthesametime,itisalsoimportantto___53___timeoutforyourlovedones,enjoyandcherishevery___54___spentwiththem.Asitisthesemomentsthat___55___someofthemostbeautiful___56___tobecherishedforalifetime!Everydayisn'tthesame.Thebestthinginlifeistotakeeachdayatatime,tocherisheverymomentanddowhatyoulove.Perhaps___57_