2023-2024学年江苏省百校联考高二下学期5月份阶段检测英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE2江苏省百校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期5月份阶段检测英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehadnoalarmclocks.B.Hegotuplate.C.Hiscarbrokedown.2.WhatdoesMr.Blacklooklike?A.Hewearsglasses.B.Heisshort.C.Hehasblackhair.3.Howdoestnemanfeelabouttheclass?A.Heisfondofit.B.Hecan’tfollowit.C.Hehasbeenusedtoit.4.WhydoesthewomanwanttomeetMissJones?A.Tomakeanapology.B.ToknowaboutMissPeters.C.Tohaveaninterview.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inacollege.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofmountaineering?A.Dangerous.B.Tiring.C.Interesting.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.ShewillvisitMountHuangshanwiththeman.B.SheclimbedMountHuangshanlastsummer.C.Sheisprofessionalinmountaineering.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Hertelevisiondoesn’tworkproperly.B.Herbillhasnotyetarrived.C.Shewaschargedtwice.9.Whatiswrongwiththeshop?A.Thecomputersystemisoutoforder.B.Theshopassistantsarealwayscareless.C.Itdoesn’tacceptcreditcards.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Getawrittenapology.B.Offerherreceiptnumber.C.Havehertelevisionfixed.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthegirltalktotheman?A.Tomakeaninvitation.B.Toaskforpermission.C.Togetsomeadvice.12.Whatwillthemandoduringtheparty?A.Tellafolkstory.B.SinganEnglishsong.C.PerformanEnglishplay.13.Whatwilltheheadmasterdbeforetheparty?A.Deliveraspeech.B.Sharehisresolutions.C.Decoratetheclassroom.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacamerashop.B.Attheman’shome.C.Onthestreet.15.Howmanycamerashopsarestillopenintown?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.16.Whydoesthemanthinksomecamerashopswentoutofbusiness?A.Camerasareold-fashioned.B.PeoplebuythingsontheInternet.C.Therearefewerphotographers.17.WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Gotoacamerashop.B.Takecareofhisfriend’skids.C.Takepicturesforawedding.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhathappenedtoSam?A.Hewasknockeddownbyatruck.B.Hefelltothegroundwhencrossingtheroad.C.Hestoppedthetruckdriverwhencrossingtheroad.19.Whoaskedthedrivertostop?A.David.B.Theboy’smother.C.Thelittleboy.20.WhydidDavidhelpthatwoman?A.ShewasDavid’sneighbor.B.Shecouldn’twalk.C.Shecouldn’taffordenoughfood.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUniqueoutdoorrestaurantsaroundtheworldManythingscometomindwhenIthinkofagreatvacation.Remarkablesceneryanddeliciousfoodarecertainlyonmylist.Thosetwofeaturescan’talwaysbefoundinthesamelocation.However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.TheRock,ZanzibarOnanenormousboulder(巨石)offthecoastoftheEastAfricanislandofZanzibarsitsTheRock.Thefreshestseafood,muchofitstraightfromthesurroundingocean,isalwaysavailablehere.Atlowtide(潮汐),customerscanwalkouttoTheRock.Asthewaterrises,though,customersmusttakeashortboatridetoit.Oncetheyarrive,they’regreetedbyfriendlystaffand360-degreeviewsofbeautifulblue-greenwater.TheRock,sometimescalledthe“floatingrestaurant”,isavailableforweddingsandothersmallgroupevents.TheLabasinWaterfallsRestaurant,PhilippinesStrikingwaterfallssometimeshaverestaurantsatthetop.ButtheLabasinWaterfalls,inSanPabloCity,Philippines,isdifferent.Arestaurantsitsatthebottomofthefalls.Guestsdineonauthentic(地道的)Filipinomealsatbambootablesthatstandrightinthewater.Theycooltheirfeetinthewaterthatflowsundertheirtables.Thesurroundingjunglemakesaperfectbackgroundforthisone-of-a-kinddiningexperience.TheGrotto,ThailandTheGrottoRestaurantonThailand’sPhraNangBeachoffersdeliciousfoodandanincrediblediningexperience.Therestaurantispartlypositionedinsideacaveandpartlyonthebeach.GuestsseatedtowardthefrontlookoutatHappyIslandinthelovelyAndamanSea.Thoseseatedatthebackenjoyanauthenticcave-diningexperience.Comfortabletables,whicharearrangedinsidethecave,sitnexttolargestalactites(钟乳石).InternationalfoodwithaThaiinfluenceisfeatured.1.WhatcanyoudoatTheRock?A.Hostsmallceremonies.B.Havemealsatbambootables.C.Coolyourfeetunderyourtables.D.Gothroughacave-diningexperience.2.Whatdothethreerestaurantshaveincommon?A.Theyarebasedinhotels.B.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.C.Theyaresurroundedbyeye-catchingwaterfalls.D.Theyofferbothbreathtakingviewsanddeliciousfood.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toreport. B.Toexplain. C.Toanalyze. D.Tointroduce.——★参考答案★——1.A2.D3.D【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了三个集美景和美食于一体的户外餐厅。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheRock,sometimescalledthe“floatingrestaurant”,isavailableforweddingsandothersmallgroupevents.(岩石有时被称为“浮动餐厅”，可用于婚礼和其他小型团体活动。)”可知，该饭店可以举行小型的仪式活动。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.(然而，三家餐厅都有令人惊叹的景色并且菜单上均有美味的食物。)”可知，这三家餐厅都是集美景和美食于一体的餐厅。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，根据第一段中的“ManythingscometomindwhenIthinkofagreatvacation.Remarkablesceneryanddeliciousfoodarecertainlyonmylist.Thosetwofeaturescan’talwaysbefoundinthesamellocation.However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.(当我想到一个美好的假期时，许多事情就会浮现在脑海中。美丽的风景和美味的食物当然在我的清单上。这两个特征不可能总是出现在同一个位置。然而，三家餐厅都有令人惊叹的景色并且菜单上均有美味的食物。)”及下文的具体介绍可知，本文的目的是为读者介绍集美景和美食于一体的户外餐厅。故选D。BInJune2015,CaptainRadhikaMenonfoundherselfinchargeoftheoiltanker(油轮)SampurnaSwarajya,battlingdangerouswavesintheBayofBengal.Littledidsheknowthatherleadershipwouldbeputtotheultimatetestinadramaticrescuemission.OnJune22,2015,asthestormcontinuedviolently,SecondOfficerManojChauhanspottedasmallboatadrift(漂流)offthecoastofGopalpur,Odisha.Sevenfishermeninjuredanddesperate,werelosingtheirstruggletotheunforgivingsea.Thefishingboatwithneithershelternoranchorhadbeenatseaforsevendays.ChinnaRao,40,andhiscompanions,includingateenager,hadgoneintotheBayforwhatwassupposedtobearoutinefishingexpedition.However,thesuddenonset(发生)ofaviolentstormhadturnedtheirjourneyintoafightforsurvival.Theboatsustaineddamage,andtheirsupplieswerelostastheyfacedtheviolentwindandwaves.Asthefishermenheldontohope,theirsignalscaughttheattentionofCaptainRadhikaMenon.Withstrongdetermination,sheinitiatedahigh-riskrescueoperation,facingtoweringwavesandstrongwinds.Theurgencywasobviousasthecrewpreparedforthechallenge.Menonstrategicallymovedthetanker,creatingashelterfromthestorm.Aropewasthrownout,connectingthetankertotheeasilybrokenfishingboat.Despitethesea’sfury(猛烈),thefishermenmanagedtosecuretheline,andonebyone,theywerepulledtosafety.Therescue,performedthroughrainandstorm,tookabout40minutes.Thesevenfishermenwerefinallyonthetanker,filledwithemotion.Sixteenmonthslater,Menon’sbraverywasrecognizedonaglobalstage.InNovember2016,shereceivedtheIMOAwardforExceptionalBraveryatSea.Menon,thefirstfemalecaptainintheIndianMerchantNavy,statedthatshehadmerelyfinishedherdutyasasailor.Therescuedfishermen,speakingemotionallyfromtheirhomes,describedMenonasaherowhohadsavedtheirlives.TherescueatseashowcasedthefirmcourageofCaptainRadhikaMenonandhercrew,provingthatinthefaceofdanger,trueheroesemerge.4.Whathappenedtothesevenfishermen?A.Theywereinalife-or-deathstruggleinaviolentstorm.B.Theybeganalong-standinginternalconflict.C.Theywerehitviolentlybyanotherboat.D.Theylosttheirboatforsevendays.5.HowdidMenonhelpthesevenfishermen?A.Shecalledarescueship.B.Shesentouthigh-frequencysignals.C.Shefearlesslylandedonthefishingboatinperson.D.Sheusedaropetoconnectthetankertothefishingboat.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMenon?A.Skillfulandcreative. B.Outgoinganddemanding.C.determinedandcourageous. D.Braveandself-confident.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Aheroicrescue. B.Theimpossibletask.C.Aperfectexpedition. D.Theviolenceofthesea.——★参考答案★——4.A5.D6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了一次惊险的海上救援行动，船长带领船员果敢地拯救了在海上漂泊了一周的渔民们的生命。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“OnJune22,2015,asthestormcontinuedviolently,SecondOfficerManojChauhanspottedasmallboatadrift(漂流)offthecoastofGopalpur,Odisha.Sevenfishermeninjuredanddesperate,werelosingtheirstruggletotheunforgivingsea.Thefishingboatwithneithershelternoranchorhadbeenatseaforsevendays.ChinnaRao,40,andhiscompanions,includingateenager,hadgoneintotheBayforwhatwassupposedtobearoutinefishingexpedition.However,thesuddenonset(发生)ofaviolentstormhadturnedtheirjourneyintoafightforsurvival.Theboatsustaineddamage,andtheirsupplieswerelostastheyfacedtheviolentwindandwaves.(2015年6月22日，由于风暴持续猛烈，二副ManojChauhan在奥里萨邦戈帕尔普尔海岸发现了一艘小船。七个渔民受伤，绝望，在无情的大海中失去了挣扎。那艘既没有掩体也没有锚的渔船已经在海上航行了七天。40岁的ChinnaRao和他的同伴们，包括一名十几岁的少年，进入海湾是为了进行一次例行的捕鱼考察。然而，一场突如其来的暴风雨把他们的旅程变成了一场生存之战。船遭到了破坏，他们的补给品也在狂风巨浪中丢失了)”可知，七名渔民在海上已经漂泊了七天，又遭遇了猛烈的风暴袭击，他们命悬一线，在生死边缘苦苦挣扎着。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Menonstrategicallymovedthetanker,creatingashelterfromthestorm.Aropewasthrownout,connectingthetankertotheeasilybrokenfishingboat.Despitethesea’sfury(猛烈),thefishermenmanagedtosecuretheline,andonebyone,theywerepulledtosafety.Therescue,performedthroughrainandstorm,tookabout40minutes.Thesevenfishermenwerefinallyonthetanker,filledwithemotion.(Menon有策略地移动了油轮，从风暴创造了一个避难所。一根绳子被抛出，连接着油轮和容易断裂的渔船。渔民们不顾大海的狂怒，设法抓住了钓索，一个接一个地被拉到安全的地方。这次救援历经风雨，持续了大约40分钟。七位渔民终于登上了油轮，他们情绪激动)”可知，Menon熟练地操纵起油轮，为风暴中的渔船提供了一个避难所。同时，她用绳索把油轮和容易断裂的渔船连接起来。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Withstrongdetermination,sheinitiatedahigh-riskrescueoperation,facingtoweringwavesandstrongwinds.Theurgencywasobviousasthecrewpreparedforthechallenge.(她以坚定的决心，冒着滔天巨浪和狂风，发起了一场高风险的救援行动。当船员们准备迎接挑战时，这种紧迫性显而易见)”以及最后一段“Therescuedfishermen,speakingemotionallyfromtheirhomes,describedMenonasaherowhohadsavedtheirlives.TherescueatseashowcasedthefirmcourageofCaptainRadhikaMenonandhercrew,provingthatinthefaceofdanger,trueheroesemerge.(获救的渔民在家中动情地说，Menon是救了他们一命的英雄。海上救援展示了RadhikaMenon船长和她的船员的坚定勇气，证明了在面临危险时，真正的英雄会出现)”可知，多亏了船长Menon的坚定的决心与勇气才及时拯救了渔民们的生命。由此可知，船长Menon她既坚定又勇敢。故选C项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“InJune2015,CaptainRadhikaMenonfoundherselfinchargeoftheoiltanker(油轮)SampurnaSwarajya,battlingdangerouswavesintheBayofBengal.Littledidsheknowthatherleadershipwouldbeputtotheultimatetestinadramaticrescuemission.(2015年6月，船长RadhikaMenon发现自己负责油轮SampurnaSwarajya，在孟加拉湾与危险的海浪作斗争。她一点也不知道，她的领导力将在一次戏剧性的救援行动中受到最终考验)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了暴风雨中的一次英勇的救援行动，所以A项“Aheroicrescue(英勇的营救)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。CFresco(湿壁画)referstopaintingtechniquesusedonplaster(灰泥).PopularduringtheRenaissanceperiod,especiallyinItaly,frescoeswereusuallyusedtodecoratewallsofpublicbuildings.Thepuresttypeoffrescopainting,alsoknownas“buonfresco”,involvesmixingpigments(颜料)directlywithwetplaster.Thecoloristhusactuallypartofthematerial,ratherthanacoatingontopofit,asisthecasewith“frescoasecco”orwithregularpainting.Thecolorsofabuonfrescoareespeciallyvibrantandlong-lasting;theBull-LeapingFrescoinKnossos,Cretewascreatedaroundthe17th-15thcenturiesBCE,butthecolorsarestillcleartoday.However,thistechniqueisnotwithoutitsuniquedisadvantages.Foronething,colorslookdifferentwhentheyarewetthanwhentheyaredry.Artistsofthetimetypicallymixedtheirownplasterandcolormixtures,workingquicklytofinishapartofamural(壁画)beforetheplasterdried.Themixturetheycreatedthenexttimemighthavebeenaslightlydifferentshade.IfyoulookcarefullyatthefrescoesontheSistineChapel,youcanseewhichpartsmusthavebeencompletedinasinglesessionbythefaintdifferencesincolors.Frescoaseccorequiressomethingtobeaddedtothepainttomakeitsticktothedryplaster.Thistechniqueissometimesusedtorepairabuonfrescothathasbeendamaged,althoughthecolorsaregenerallynotasbright.However,somecolorsactuallyworkedbetterwiththefrescoasecco.DuringtheRenaissanceperiod,theavailablepigmentsforcreatingbluedidnotmixwellwithwetplaster;forthisreason,skies,water,andblueclothingsometimeswerepaintedasseccofrescoesafterthebuonfrescohaddried.In1997,thefrescoesbyGiottodiBondoneintheBasilicaofSt.FrancisinAssisi,Italyweredamagedinanearthquake.150restorers,ofwhommostarevolunteers,spentfiveyearsgathering60,000piecesthattheycouldfindandsetthembackintoplace,muchlikeapuzzle,althoughabout35percentofthefrescoremainsincomplete.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheword“vibrant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Bright. B.Simple. C.Watery. D.Rare.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningthefrescoesontheSistineChapel?A.ItwasinItalythattruefrescowaswidelyused.B.Itiscrucialtodifferentiatevariedpaintingstyle.C.Ittooktimeforpainterstocreatetheiruniquecolors.D.Itwashardtocreatetheexactlysamecoloreverytime.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedisadvantagesoffrescoasecco.B.Thereasonswhypainterspreferredblue.C.Thecharactersandusesoffrescoasecco.D.Thesimilaritiesbetweenthetwofrescotechniques.11.WhichcanbestdescribetherepairprocessofGiotto’sfrescoes?A.Slowbutcreative. B.Complicatedanddangerous.C.Discouragingbutmoney-saving. D.Time-consumingandlaborious.——★参考答案★——8.A9.D10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了兴盛于欧洲文艺复兴时期的两种壁画的绘画技巧。【8题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Thecolorsofabuonfrescoareespecially

vibrant andlong-lasting;theBull-LeapingFrescoinKnossos,Cretewascreatedaroundthe17th-15thcenturiesBCE,butthecolorsarestillcleartoday.(布恩壁画的色彩尤其……持久；克里特岛克诺索斯的跳牛壁画创作于公元前17至15世纪左右，但其色彩至今仍然清晰。)”可知，布恩壁画的色彩能够持续很久，这说明了它的色彩特别“鲜艳的”，才让今天的人们得以目睹其效果。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Themixturetheycreatedthenexttimemighthavebeenaslightlydifferentshade.

IfyoulookcarefullyatthefrescoesontheSistineChapel,youcanseewhichpartsmusthavebeencompletedinasinglesessionbythefaintdifferencesincolors.(他们下一次创造的混合物可能有点不同。如果你仔细看西斯廷教堂的壁画。通过颜色上的微弱差异，你可以看到哪些部分一定是在同一时间内完成的。)

”可知，作者提到西斯廷教堂的壁画是想说明对于画匠而言，每次都调配出一模一样的颜色是很困难的。故选D。【10题详析】段落大意题。根据第三段的“Frescoaseccorequiressomethingtobeaddedtothepainttomakeitsticktothedryplaster.Thistechniqueissometimesusedtorepairabuonfrescothathasbeendamaged,althoughthecolorsaregenerallynotasbright.However,somecolorsactuallyworkedbetterwiththefrescoasecco.DuringtheRenaissanceperiod,theavailablepigmentsforcreatingbluedidnotmixwellwithwetplaster;forthisreason,skies,water,andblueclothingsometimeswerepaintedasseccofrescoesafterthebuonfrescohaddried.(干壁画需要在油漆中添加一些东西，使其粘在干燥的石膏上。这种技术有时用于修复损坏的彩绘壁画，不过颜色通常不那么鲜艳。然而，有些颜色实际上更适合干壁画。在文艺复兴时期，用于创造蓝色的颜料不能很好地与湿石膏混合；由于这个原因，天空、水和蓝色的衣服有时会在彩绘壁画干燥后被画成干壁画。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是干壁画技法的特点和用法。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In1997,thefrescoesbyGiottodiBondoneintheBasilicaofSt.FrancisinAssisi,Italyweredamagedinanearthquake.150restorers,ofwhommostarevolunteers,spentfiveyearsgathering60,000piecesthattheycouldfindandsetthembackintoplace,muchlikeapuzzle,althoughabout35percentofthefrescoremainsincomplete.(1997年，意大利阿西西圣弗朗西斯大教堂的乔托·迪·邦多纳的壁画在地震中受损。150名修复者，其中大多数是志愿者，花了五年时间收集了6万件他们能找到的碎片，并把它们放回原位，就像拼图一样，不过大约35%的壁画仍然不完整。)

”可知，修复乔托在圣弗朗西斯大教堂的壁画的过程“费时费力”。故选D。DNottoomanydecadesagoitseemed“obvious”bothtothegeneralpublicandtosociologiststhatmodernsocietyhaschangedpeople’snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinsandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.However,inrecentyearsagrowingbodyofresearchhasrevealedthatthe“obvious”isnottrue.Itseemsthatifyouareacityresident,youtypicallyknowasmallerproportionofyourneighborsthanyoudoifyouarearesidentofasmallercommunity.But,forthemostpart,thisfacthasfewsignificantconsequences.Itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatifyouknowfewofyourneighborsyouwillknownooneelse.Eveninverylargecities,peoplemaintainclosesocialtieswithinsmall,privatesocialworlds.Indeed,thenumberandqualityofmeaningfulrelationshipsdonotdifferbetweenmoreandlessurbanpeople.Small-townresidentsaremoreinvolvedwithkinthanarebig-cityresidents.Yetcitydwellerscompensatebydevelopingfriendshipswithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterestsandactivities.Urbanismmayproduceadifferentstyleoflife,butthequalityoflifedoesnotdifferbetweentownandcity.Norareresidentsoflargecommunitiesanylikeliertodisplaypsychologicalsymptomsofstressoralienation,afeelingofnotbelonging,thanareresidentsofsmallercommunities.However,citydwellersdoworrymoreaboutcrime,andthisleadsthemtoadistrustofstrangers.Thesefindingsdonotimplythaturbanismmakeslittleornodifference.Ifneighborsarestrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.Moreover,asWirthsuggested,theremaybealinkbetweenacommunity’spopulationsizeanditssocialheterogeneity(多样性).Forinstance,sociologistshavefoundmuchevidencethatthesizeofacommunityisassociatedwithbadbehaviorincludinggambling,drugs,etc.Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitan(见多识广的)outlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.Everythingconsidered,heterogeneityandunusualbehaviorseemtobeoutcomesoflargepopulationsize.12.Accordingtoparagraph1,itwasonceacommonbeliefthatpeopleinmodernsociety________.A.tendedtoacquaintthemselveswithpeoplepassingby.B.usuallyhadmorefriendsthansmall-townresidents.C.boregreatresponsibilitiestoneighborsandrelatives.D.couldnotdevelopverycloserelationshipswithothers.13.Oneoftheconsequencesofurbanismisthatthecityresidents________.A.lowerthequalityofrelationships.B.showlittleconcernforstrangers.C.sufferfromthelackoffriendship.D.becomesuspiciousofeachother.14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthebiggeracommunityis________.A.themorelikelyitistodisplaystress.B.themoreopen-mindedpeopleare.C.themoresimilaritsinterestsare.D.thebetteritsqualityoflifeis.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Minordifferencesintheinterpersonalrelationsbetweencitiesandtowns.B.Thepositiverolethaturbanismhasbeenplayinginourmodernsociety.C.Advantagesanddisadvantagesoflivinginbigcitiesorsmalltowns.D.Thestrongfeelingofalienationthatcityinhabitantsaresuffering.——★参考答案★——12.D13.B14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是城市与小镇人际关系的微小区别。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Nottoomanydecadesagoitseemed“obvious”bothtothegeneralpublicandtosociologiststhatmodernsocietyhaschangedpeople’snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinsandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.(几十年前，在大众和社会学家看来，现代社会已经改变了人们的自然关系，放松了他们对亲戚和邻居的责任，用过路的熟人代替了表面的关系，这似乎是“显而易见的”。)”可知，一般大众与社会学家都认为亲人、邻居之间的关系变得淡薄，只与一些普通的熟人打交道，故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Small-townresidentsaremoreinvolvedwithkinthanarebig-cityresidents.(小城镇的居民比大城市的居民亲属关系更紧密。)”和第三段中“Ifneighborsarestrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.(如果邻居之间互不相识，他们就不太可能为住在隔壁的老夫妇清扫人行道，也不太可能留意年轻的捣乱分子。)”可知，城市居民相对小镇居民不够关心他人，故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitan(见多识广的)outlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.(大城市的都市人也比小城镇的都市人更有可能具有世界主义的观点，对传统的亲属角色表现出较少的责任感，投票给左翼政治候选人，对非传统宗教团体、不受欢迎的政治团体和所谓的不受欢迎的人更宽容。)”可知，城市居民比小镇居民更见多识广，更支持左翼政治候选人，更能宽容非传统的宗教团体等，这说明他们思想更开放，故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。本文第一段是中心段“However,inrecentyearsagrowingbodyofresearchhasrevealedthatthe“obvious”isnottrue.Itseemsthatifyouareacityresident,youtypicallyknowasmallerproportionofyourneighborsthanyoudoifyouarearesidentofasmallercommunity.But,forthemostpart,thisfacthasfewsignificantconsequences.Itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatifyouknowfewofyourneighborsyouwillknownooneelse.(然而，近年来，越来越多的研究表明，“显而易见”的事实并非如此。似乎如果你是一个城市居民，你认识的邻居比例通常比你是一个小社区的居民要小。但在大多数情况下，这一事实几乎没有什么重大后果。这并不是说如果你不认识你的邻居，你就不认识其他人。)”可知，本文讲的是城市与小镇人际关系的微小区别，故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BenefitsofReadingNonfictionBooksCanyourememberthelastpieceofnonfictionthatyouread?____16____Nonfictioniseverywhere!Whetherit’sfollowingarecipe;readingstreetsigns,orreadingthelatestnewsarticle,we’rereadingnonfictioneverysingleday.Researchsaysnonfictionreadingpromotesstudentsuccess.Readingnonfictionhelpsstudentsdevelopimportantskillsbothinandoutoftheclassroom.•Nonfictionhelpsstudentsmakereal-lifeconnections.____17____Thisprovidesteacherswithnaturalopportunitiestoextendlearningbeyondthepagesofthehook.Forexample,teachersmayputoutbooksrelatedtocavingforapetbeforegettingaclasspetsothatstudentscanapplywhatthey’velearned.•____18____Whenreadingnonfiction,studentsmustuseananalyticalapproachtogatherinformation,identifykeyconcepts,andcomprehendwhattheyread.Studentsalsolearnvaluableresearchandinvestigativeskillsastheyinteractwithnonfiction.•Nonfictionbuildsvocabularyandlanguageskills.High-qualitynonfictionwillintroducenewwordswithvisualstosupportcomprehension.Often,nonfictionbookscontainfeatures,likeaglossary(术语表),forstudentstoreferencevocabularywordsandtheirdefinitions.____19____.•Nonfictioninspiresareader’scuriosity.____20____In“InterestMatters:TheImportanceofPromotingInterestinEducation”,JudithM.Harackiewiczwrites,“Interestisapowerfulmotivationalprocessthatenergizeslearning,guidesacademicandcareertrajectories(轨迹),andisessentialtoacademicsuccess.”A.Nonfictionenhancesacademicprogress.B.Nonfictionpromotescriticalthinkingskills.C.Notificationmightbedifficulttounderstandforsome.D.Teacherscanusenonfictiontoinspiretheirstudents’interests.E.Noneedtotireyourbrainforthetitleofahistorybookortextbook.F.Nonfictionbookssharefactsthatcanbuildstudents’priorknowledge.G.ThisishelpfulforEnglishlanguagelearnersastheybuildtheiracademicvocabulary.——★参考答案★——16.E17.F18.B19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生阅读非虚构作品的益处。【16题详析】根据上文“Canyourememberthelastpieceofnonfictionthatyouread?(你还记得你读过的最后一篇非虚构作品吗？)”为问句。设空处所填内容应能回答该问题。E项“Noneedtotireyourbrainforthetitleofahistorybookortextbook.(没有必要为了历史书或教科书的标题而绞尽脑汁)”符合文意，而下文“Nonfictioniseverywhere!(非虚构作品无处不在)”是对上文的进一步说明。故选E项。【17题详析】设空位于段首，应是本段中心句，根据小标题“•Nonfictionhelpsstudentsmakereal-lifeconnections.(•非小说类帮助学生建立现实生活中的联系。)”可知，本段主要讲述了非虚构作品帮助学生建立现实生活中的联系；F项“Nonfictionbookssharefactsthatcanbuildstudents’priorknowledge.(非小说类书籍分享的事实可以建立学生的先验知识)”指出非小说类书籍分享的事实可以帮助学生提前获得知识；下文“Thisprovidesteacherswithnaturalopportunitiestoextendlearningbeyondthepagesofthehook.(这为教师提供了自然的机会，将学习延伸到书本之外。)”承接F选项，阐述学生获得先验知识为教师提供了将学习延伸到书本之外的机会，下文中的“This”指代F选项的内容。故选F项。【18题详析】空处为本段小标题，是对本段的高度概括；根据后文“Whenreadingnonfiction,studentsmustuseananalyticalapproachtogatherinformation,identifykeyconcepts,andcomprehendwhattheyread.Studentsalsolearnvaluableresearchandinvestigativeskillsastheyinteractwithnonfiction.(在阅读非虚构作品时，学生必须运用分析的方法来收集信息，识别关键概念，并理解他们所阅读的内容。学生们在与非小说类作品互动的过程中也能学到有价值的研究和调查技能)”可知，本段主要讲述了学生在阅读非虚构作品时能学到有价值的研究和调查技能，所以B项“Nonfictionpromotescriticalthinkingskills.(非小说类作品能提升批判性思维能力)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为本段小标题。故选B项。【19题详析】设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“High-qualitynonfictionwillintroducenewwordswithvisualstosupportcomprehension.Often,nonfictionbookscontainfeatures,likeaglossary(术语表),forstudentstoreferencevocabularywordsandtheirdefinitions.(高质量的非小说类文章会引入带有视觉效果的新词，以帮助理解。通常，非小说类书籍包含一些功能，比如词汇表，供学生参考词汇及其定义)”可知，此处讲述非小说类文章可以培养词汇量和语言技能，所以G项“ThisishelpfulforEnglishlanguagelearnersastheybuildtheiracademicvocabulary.(这对英语学习者建立学术词汇很有帮助)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选G项。【20题详析】设空位于段首，应是本段中心句，根据后文“In“InterestMatters:TheImportanceofPromotingInterestinEducation”,JudithM.Harackiewiczwrites,“Interestisapowerfulmotivationalprocessthatenergizeslearning,guidesacademicandcareertrajectories(轨迹),andisessentialtoacademicsuccess.”(在《兴趣问题：提高教育兴趣的重要性》一书中，JudithM.Harackiewicz写道：‘兴趣是一种强大的激励过程，它能激励学习，引导学术和职业轨迹，对学术成功至关重要。’)”可知，本段主要讲述了非虚构类作品能激发读者的好奇心与兴趣，所以D项“Teacherscanusenonfictiontoinspiretheirstudents’interests.(教师可以用非虚构作品来激发学生的兴趣)”符合本段主题，所以D项为本段中心句。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’veneverbeenmuchofajogger,butmightImakeadecentplogger?“Plogging”isa(n)____21____of“plockaupp”with“jogga”,theSwedishfor“pickup”and“jog”.Theideaisthatyou____22____litterwhileoutrunningandthe____23____hasbeengrowinginpopularityinSweden.“It’sgoodforb