2023-2024学年广东省东莞市七校联考高二下学期5月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省东莞市七校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节听力理解（两段共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）共两小段，每段播放两遍。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第1段对话，回答第1～2题。1.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Eatout. B.Goshopping. C.Dosports.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary. B.Husbandandwife. C.Hostessandguest.听第2段对话，回答第3～5题。3.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?

A.Howtoappreciateartworks.

B.Howtodealwithartists.

C.Howtorunamuseum.4.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?

A.Heservedinthearmy.

B.Hestudiedatacollege.

C.Heworkedinagallery.5.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?

A.Rembrandt’s.

B.Botticelli’s.

C.Rubens’.第二节听取信息（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）听下面一段独白。请从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为6~10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。InformationonTimeAbroadEstablishmentoftheCompanyFoundedon67th,2000,inUK.BusinessoftheCompanyOfferoverseasvolunteerservice.StaffinServiceThereare7full-timeworkers,whoareexperiencedinfieldsofcommunitydevelopmentandeducation.VolunteeringOpportunitiesAssistthelocalteacherswith8.Volunteerin9topromotefoodsources.Helptreat10.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A2024TourDetails7-DayTourfromLondontoEdinburghALondonGuidewillshowyouthecity’sfamouslandmarkslikeBuckinghamPalace,DowningStreetandWestminsterAbbey.Then,inEdinburgh,you’lltourthecastleandseeScotland’sCrownJewels.Fromthehistoricalsightstothebeautifulscenery,thisguidedtourofEnglandandScotlandisagreatwaytoexperienceeverythingBritainhastooffer.Startingat：$8499-DayTourfromDublintoLondonYourguidedtourofIrelandandBritainbeginsinthecapitalcityofDublin.Enjoyseeingthe“FairCity”,includingthestatue-linedO’ConnellStreet,TrinityCollege,andSt.Patrick’sCathedral.Yourlocalguidewillshowyouthefamoussights,includingtheHousesofParliament,BigBen,WestminsterAbbeyandBuckinghamPalace.ThisguidedtourofIrelandandBritainisawelcomeescapewithfewercrowdsandlowercoststhanhigh-seasontours.Startingat：$10697-DayTourfromLondontoParisYourguidedvacationinLondonbeginswithawelcomedinnerandacruiseontheThamesRivertoadmiretheTowerBridgeandtheHousesofParliament,You’llspendthreenightsinLondontoseethesitesofthishistoriccity—fromBigBentoBuckinghamPalace,andalsoSt.Paul’sCathedral.Thenyou’llenjoya3-nightstayinParis.ThisincludessightseeingattheArcdeTriomphe,ConcordeSquare,Champs-Elysees,andaSeinecruise.ThisguidedtourofLondonandParisiscertaintobeenjoyablewithfewercrowdsintheoff-season!Startingat：$114911.Howmuchwouldthe7-daytourfromLondontoEdinburghcostacoupleatleast?A.$849. B.$1149. C.$1698. D.$2138.12.Whichplacecanyouvisitifyoutakethe9-daytourfromDublintoLondon?A.DowningStreet. B.TrinityCollege.C.TheThamesRiver. D.ConcordeSquare.13.Whatdothethreetourshaveincommon?A.Theycoverthesamenumberofsights.B.TheyallbegininthecapitalcityofLondon.C.Theytakepeoplethesameamountoftime.D.TheyallincludeavisittoBuckinghamPalace.BHumansareborntocompetewithoneanother.Peoplecomparehowmany“likes”theyhaveonsocialmedia.Billionairesenvymultibillionaires.ThelegendaryNASCARchampionDaleEarnhardtoncestated,“Secondplaceisjustthefirstloser.”Althoughthecompetitivespiritmaybeasnaturalasbreathingair,itdoesnotalwaysleadtohumanprosperity(繁荣，成功).Onthecontrary,leftunmanaged,itcancreatemiseryforourselvesandothers.Fortunately,thereisaformulatosolvethisproblemwithoutunrealisticallysuggestingthatweentirelydispensewithourcompetitiveurge:Insteadofalwaysgoingforgold,shootforthebronze.ToexpandonthewisdomofEarnhardt,althoughsecondplacemaybethefirstloser,thirdplacecanbetherealwinner——atleastwhenitcomestohappinessandlongevity(长寿).Recentresearchsuggestedthatthebronzewinnersappearedconsistentlyhappieronaveragethanthesilvermedalists.Regardingthelifespanofallthreemedalistcategories,itwasfoundthattheathletewhosebestperformancewassilverlivedto72.Goldmedalistsbeatthisbyasolidfouryears,livingto76.Butfirstprizeinlongevitywenttothebronzemedalists,wholivedto78.Thestudyhadahandyexplanationforthisdistinction:“Dissatisfactorycompetitionoutcomesmaybadlyaffecthealth.”Inotherwords,silvermedalistsseethemselvesasthefirstloserbecausetheyonlylookuptothetopstep,whereasthebronzewinnerscomparethemselvesfavorablywithalltheotherswhonevermadeitontothepodium(领奖台)atall.Oneoftheproblemswithmostcompetitionsagainstothersisthatittendstolowerone’sinnermotivation,andthusenjoyment.Decadesago,researchersshowedthisbyaskingpeopletosolvepuzzlesandthenmeasuringtheinteresttheyreported.Theyfoundthepuzzleslessrewardingwhencompetingagainstothersratherthanagainsttheclock.Simplyhavingatimelimitmeanscompetingagainstthemselves-whichisoftenmorefun.Theprincipleatworkhereisthattryingtoimproveyourownpastperformanceprovidesasensenotof“winning”butofprogress.Andtheonlypersontowhomyouwillhavetocompareyourselfisyou.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“dispensewith”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Stickto. B.Dependon. C.Getridof. D.Takechargeof.15.Inwhichsituationwillpeoplebemostlikelytofeelgoodaboutthemselves?A.Treatcompetitionsasallornothing.B.Aimtooutperformothersincompetitions.C.Checkoutothers’victoriesonsocialmedia.D.Comparethemselveswiththoselessfortunate.16.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AlwaysGoingforGold B.TheVictoryofCominginThirdC.FindingSatisfactioninComparison D.SecondPlaceisJusttheFirstLoserCApairofresearcherswithLeibnizUniversityofHannoverhasdemonstrated(展示)themeansbywhichrobotsmightbeprogrammedtoexperiencesomethingsimilartopaininanimals.Aspartoftheirdemonstrationatlastweek’sIEEEInternationalConferenceonRoboticsandAutomationheldinStockholm,JohannesKuehnandSamiHaddaddinshowedhowpainmightbeusedinrobots,byinteractingwithaBioTacfingertipsensorontheendofaKukaroboticarmthathadbeenprogrammedtoreactdifferentlytodifferingamountsofpain.Theideaofdevelopinganartificialrobotnervoussystemmayseemcontrarytoallexpectations,butKuehnsaysdoingsoisimportantinthesamewaythatitisgoodforhumanstofeelpain.“Painisasystemthatprotectsus,”saysKuchn.“Whenweavoidthesourceofpain,ithelpsusnotgethurt.”Sowhenrobotscanfeelandreacttopain,theywillbecomesmartenoughtoavoidit.Themoredangeroustherobotregistersthethreattobe,thefasteritwillwithdrawandavoidthesourceofdanger.Additionally,KuehnandHaddadinsayhumansworkingalongsiderobotsthatfeelpain,especiallythoseinheavymachinery,willbeprotectedaroundthem.Theyhavetestedoutsomeoftheirideasusingaroboticarmwithafingertipsensorthatcandetectpressureandtemperature.Itusesarobot-tissuepatch(小片)modeledonhumanskintodecidehowmuchpainshouldbefeltandthuswhatactiontotake.Forexample,ifthearmfeelslightpain,itslowlywithdrawsuntilthepainstops,andthenreturnstoitsoriginaltask;severepain,meanwhile,causesthearmtogointoakindoflockdownmodeuntilitcangethelpfromahumanoperator.Suchrobotsarelikelytoraiseahostofquestions,ofcourse,iftheybecomemorecommon.Ifarobotactsthesamewayahumandoeswhentouchingahotplate,arewetobelieveitistrulyexperiencingpain?Onlytimewilltellofcourse,butonethingthatisevident,KuehnandHaddadin’sworkcouldleadtorobotsthataremorehuman-likethanever.Whatdowelearnabouttherobotsinthedemonstration?A.Theyhavetheabilitytofeelpain.B.Theycanlearnskillslikeanimals.C.Theycancommunicatewithpeople.D.Theyresponddifferentlytorequests.18.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Theprincipleofrobots’avoidanceofinjuries.B.Thesignificanceofteachingrobotstofeelpain.C.Theanalysisoftheartificialrobotnervoussystem.D.Thevalueofprotectinghumanworkersfrominjury.19.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph3?A.Therobotissmartenoughtocarryoutdifferenttasks.B.Therobotcanhardlyworkaswellasahumanoperator.C.Therobotcanreactdifferentlybasedondegreesofpain.D.Therobotistolerantofchangesofpressureandtemperature.20.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardKuehnandHaddadin’sstudy?A.Optimistic.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Dismissive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoExerciseinaNewWayWhatshouldpeopledowhentheycan’tfindthetimeordesiretodoalongworkout?21Thatmeansgettinghealthywiththesebite-sizedamountsofexercises.Exercisesnacks(“零食式”运动)areapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.Insteadofrequiringhoursatthegym,thisconceptinstructsyoutokeepitshort.22Thenyoucantakeabreakthatlasts30minutestofourhoursbeforeanothersnack.Ithasbeenreportedthatexercisesnackscanbeaseffectiveastraditionalexercisemethods.Ofcourse,themoreofthesebriefexercisesyoucompleteinaday,thebetter.Justthreeexercisesnacksadaythatgetsyourheartpumpingcanbegoodforyourhealth.23Yourconcentrationandcreativityimprove,andyoucanbecomemoreproductive.Also,“snacking”throughoutthedaypreventsyoufromsittingtoolong—somethingthat’salwayspositive.Anothergreatthingaboutexercisesnacksisthattherearesomanytochoosefrom.Acceptableactivitiesrangefromsit-upstojumpingropetorunningupanddownsomestairs.24Exercisesthatarestrength-basedsuchasliftingweightswillfitthebill.Sincemostpeopledon’tkeepweightsattheiroffice,liftfullwaterbottles.Squats（深蹲）involvemovingyourhipsasiftositdownwhilekeepingyourbackstraight.Thisexercisehelpsstrengthenyourlowerbodyandimproveyourmovement.Fivetotenoftheseshouldmakeagoodsnack.Forthosewhodon’tliketraditionalexercises,simplyturnupthemusic.Pickalivelysongandstartdancing;it’llmakeforafunworkout.25A.Itdoesn’ttakeuptoomuchyourtime.B.Theyshouldbreakthat“largemeal”intoexercise“snacks.”C.Andthereareplentyofotherbenefitsbeyondimprovedfitness.D.Theseexercisescanlastanywherefrom20secondstotwominutes.E.Considergivingexercisesnacksatry,andseeiftheyaretoyourtaste.F.Theyshouldconstantlyremindthemselvesoftheimportanceofexercises.G.Butforthosewhodon’tknowwheretostart,herearesomehelpfulexerciseoptions.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分37.5分）完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ItwasaSundaymorningonasubwayinNewYork.Peopleweresitting26，creatingacalm,peacefulscene.Then27,amanandhischildrenenteredthesubwaycar.Thechildrenwereso28andactivethatthewhole29ofthecarinstantlychanged.Themansatdownnexttomeandclosedhiseyes,obviously30ofthesituation.Thechildrenwereyellingandthrowingthings,andyet,themansittingnexttomedidnothing.Itwasdifficultnottofeel31.Icouldn’tbelievethathewas32hischildrentorunwildlikethat,andwastakingno33atall.Itwaseasytoseethateveryoneelseonthesubwayfeltannoyed.Sofinally,Iturnedtohimandsaid,“Sir,yourchildrenarereally34alotofpeople.Couldyoucontrolthemalittlemore?”Themanliftedhisgaze(凝视)andsaidsoftly,“Oh,you’reright;IguessIshoulddosomethingaboutit.Wejustcamefromthehospitalwheretheirmother35aboutanhourago.Idon’tknowwhattothink,andIguesstheydon’tknowhowto36iteither.”Canyou37whatIfeltatthatmoment?Suddenly,Isawthingsdifferently;myangerwasgone.Myheartwasfilledwiththeman’s38.Now,insteadoffrustration(沮丧),feelingsof39filledmyheart.“Yourwifejustdied?Oh,I’msosorry.WhatcanIdotohelp?”Everything40inaninstant.26．A．nervously B．quietly C．seriously D．patiently27．A．suddenly B．finally C．carefully D．immediately28．A．happy B．cute C．loud D．funny29．A．mood B．view C．condition D．position30．A．afraid B．tired C．proud D．unaware31．A．worried B．discouraged C．annoyed D．ashamed32．A．expecting B．allowing C．warning D．guiding33．A．risks B．notes C．effect D．responsibility34．A．supporting B．embarrassing C．disturbing D．attracting35．A．returned B．worked C．died D．stayed36．A．understandB．describe C．deny D．handle37．A．express B．imagine C．predict D．remember38．A．pain B．joy C．courage D．faith39．A．relief B．trust C．freedom D．sympathy40．A．restored B．changed C．settled D．ended语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将〖答案〗填写在答题卡标号为41~50的相应位置。Whenarobot’sbehaviorconflicts____________theordersgivenbyhumanbeings,itwillposeathreattohumanexistence.Despitefacingthoseexperienced____________(opponent),Alex’spassionforthegamehelpedhimadvancethroughtheranks.List

the

pros

and

cons,

__________

you’ll

make

a

better

decision.Withseveralideas____________(bounce)aroundinhismind,hecouldn’twaittosharethemwithus.Tooursurprise,____________wasonceasmallfishingvillage

hasturnedintoamoderncity.ThepopulationinCalifornia____________(explode)overthepastfewyearsandthestateisfacedwithgreatchallenges.Dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmake____________quitedifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.Aseriesofhands-onclassesaredesignedforstudents____________(acquire)thenecessarylifeskills.Moredatashouldbeanalyzedbeforeyoucancometo____________conclusion.Inthestudy,participantswillbe____________(random)assignedtotwogroups.第四部分写作（共三节，满分55分）第一节句子考查（第51-55小题每空0.5分，第56~58小题每题3分，满分15分）根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。Itisatoughjobtolearnthepiano,______________________________(更不用说)thedailyroutineofpractice.Georgedoesn’tappreciatewhathehasand__________it____________________(认为理所当然).Theexhibitionsponsoredbythelocalgovernment____________________(结果是)tobeagreatsuccess.Thetrafficissuenotonlyaffectsourdailylife,butitalsoputspeople’slivesatrisk.(用倒装句改写)Notonly_________thetrafficissue_________ourdailylife,butitalsoputspeople’s livesatrisk.DongguanislocatedinthePearlRiverDelta.Itcoversanareaofabout2,465squarekilometers.（用分词合并句子）___________inthePearlRiverDelta,Dongguan__________anareaofabout2,465square kilometers.Wearemakinggreateffortstocallonpeopletomakecontributionstoruraleducation.(改为被动语态)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery.Ithinkthisdiscoveryisofgreatimportancetoscience.（用非限制性定语从句合并）____________________________________________________________________________令我们自豪的是，中国已经在太空探索方面取得了重大成就。（用名词性从句翻译）____________________________________________________________________________第二节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友William对学校开展的研学旅游活动很感兴趣。他来信希望你能给他推荐一个研学城市。请你给他回信，内容包括：推荐研学的城市；推荐理由；表示祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearWilliam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第三节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。“Thisistheoneo’clocknews.AwolfescapedfromtheDorfordZoothismorningandisbelievedtobestillatlarge(未被抓捕的)intheDorfordarea.Ifhungry,thewolfmightbedangerous.Ifanyoneseesthisanimal,pleaseinformthenearestpolice-station.”Mrs.Clarkeswitchedtheradiooff:shewantedtomakehermiddylunchbeforeherbabywokeup.Shepushedthepram(婴儿车)intothegarden,leftitunderatreeoutofthesunandwentintothekitchen.Thenminuteslatershecametothebackdoortoseeifeverythingwasallright.Abigdogwasstandingbythepramlookingatthebaby.“That’stheJohnson’sdog.I’vetoldthemtheyoughttokeepthatgreatanimalintheirowngarden.Thosedogsareabittoomuchlikewolves.”ThenMrs.Clarkewentcold.“Wolves.WhathaveIheardaboutwolves?”Shewassureshehadheardsomethingaboutanescapedwolfontheradio.Shelookedhardatthecreaturebythepram—andthemoreshelookedthemorecertainshebecame.Itwasn’tthedogfromnextdoor.Likeit,butdifferent.Itwasasbigasthedog,butthecolorwasgrayeranditlookedthinner.Atthismoment,thecreatureputitsfrontlegsonthesideofthepramandlookedatthesleepingbaby,lickingitsface.Thebabywokeupandbegantocryquietly.Mrs.Clarkewantedtoscream,butsheknewitwouldbewrongtodothat.Whatshouldshedo?“Informthepolice,”theradiohadsaid.Butthatmeantleavingthegardenandgoingtothetelephonenearthefrontdoor.Shewassurethatsomehowshemustgetthewolfawayfromthepram.Thensherememberedthepieceofmeatshehadbought.Itwasonthekitchentable.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Veryquietlysheslippedintothekitchenandcamebackwiththemeat.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Holdingthebabyinherarmsinthekitchen,shetelephonedthepolice.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【〖答案〗〖解析〗】第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节听力理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）1-5：ABABC第二节听取信息（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）6.November/Nov.7.1538.languageteaching9.farming10.sickanimals[评分标准]第6题没有大写扣1分；第8、10小题每词1分,若8，9小题形式错扣0.5分,10小题单复数错误扣0.5分。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）11-13:CBD 14-16:CDB 17-20:ABCA第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）21-25:BDCGE第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）26-30:BACAD 31-35:CBDCC 36-40:DBADB语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）41.with 42.opponents 43.and 44.bouncing 45.what46.hasexploded 47.it 48.toacquire 49.a 50.randomly[评分标准]与以上〖答案〗不符（含大小写、单复数错误）均不给分。第四部分写作（共三节，满分55分）第一节句子考查（第51-55小题每空0.5分，第56~58小题每题3分，满分15分）51.nottomention 52.takes;forgranted 53.turnedout54.does;affect 55.Located;covers56.Greateffortsarebeingmadebyustocallonpeopletomakecontributionstoruraleducation.[评分标准]写出arebeingmade结构给2分，时态错误扣1分，单复数错误扣0.5分；其他情况酌情给分。Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.[评分标准]没写逗号扣1分，写对which给1分；其他情况酌情给分。WhatmakesusproudisthatChinahasmadegreatachievementsinspaceexploration.或ThatChinahasmadegreatachievementsinspaceexplorationmakesusproud.或ItmakesusproudthatChinahasmadegreatachievementsinspaceexploration.[评分标准]写出Whatmakesusproudisthat或Thatmakesusproud或Itmakesusproudthat得2分；其他情况酌情给分。第二节应用文写作（满分15分）ApossibleVersion:Learningthatyouareinterestedinthestudytourbutatalossaboutwhichcitytovisit,I’dliketorecommendGuangzhoutoyou.Guangzhou,thecapitalcityofGuangdong,isaperfectcombinationofoldandnew.Foronething,itisanancientcitywithrichhistoricalsites,suchasChenClanAcademy,XiguanandShameen,whereyoucanimmerseyourselfinitsprofoundhistoryandsplendidLingnanculture.Foranother,Guangzhouenjoysahighreputationformoderncomplexes,amongwhichtheiconicCantonToweriswhatyoucan’tmiss.EquallyimpressiveistheCantonesecuisine,whichwillgiveyouafeastforyourappetite.I’msurethatyouwillfindGuangzhouaworthwhilecitytoexplore.Wishyouameaningfulandunforgettablestudytour!第三节读后续写（满分25分）ApossibleVersion:Veryquietlysheslippedintothekitchenandcamebackwiththemeat.Thewolfwasstillstandingoverthepramlickingthebaby’sface.Shethrewthemeatintoacornerunderatreewellawayfromthepram.Asthemeathittheground,thewolflookedround.Ithesitatedforamoment,thenleftforthemeatandbegantoeatit.Mrs.Clarkestoletothepramandimmediatelypickedupthebabyandranintothekitchenasfastaspossible.Shesankdownintoachair,cryingwithrelief.Holdingthebabyinherarmsinthekitchen,shetelephonedthepolice.Whenthepolicearrived,shetoldthemwhathadhappened,andtookthemtothekitchenwindow.Thewolfwaslyingonthegrass,stilleatingthemeat.Thepolicesaidtheyhadsentforamanfromthezooandwouldarriveinaminute.Fiveminuteslater,twomenfromtheDorfordZoocamewithanetandasmallcage.Beforelongthewolfwassafelyinthecageandtakenaway,therestofthemeatstillinitsmouth.详析A篇：11．C12．B13．D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了旅行社提供的三个旅游设计方案。11．细节理解题。由第一个小标题的内容“Startingat:$849(起价：849美元)”可知，一个人849，夫妻两人1698。故选C项。12．细节理解题。由第二个小标题的内容“YourguidedtourofIrelandandBritainbeginsinthecapitalcityofDublin.Enjoyseeingthe“FairCity”includingthestatue-linedohO'ConnellStreet,TrinityCollegeandSt.Patrick'sCathedral.(您的爱尔兰和英国导览游从首都都柏林开始。欣赏“美丽的城市”，包括雕像林立的奥康奈尔街、三一学院和圣帕特里克大教堂)”可知，这个旅游路线可以参观TrinityCollege。故选B项。13．细节理解题。由第一个小标题的内容“ALondonGuidewillshowyouthecity'sfamouslandmarkslikeBuckinghamPalace,DowningStreetandWestminsterAbbey.(伦敦指南将向您展示这座城市的著名地标，如白金汉宫、唐宁街和威斯敏斯特教堂)”和第二个小标题的内容“Yourlocalguidewillshowyouthefamoussights,includingtheHousesofParliament,BigBen,WestminsterAbbeyandBuckinghamPalace.(您当地的导游会带您参观著名的景点，包括国会大厦、大本钟、威斯敏斯特教堂和白金汉宫)”和第三个小标题的内容“You'llspendthreenightsinLondontoseethesitsofthishistoriccity—fromBigBentoBuckinghamPalace,andalsoSt.Pail'sCathedral.(您将在伦敦度过三个晚上，参观这座历史悠久的城市——从大本钟到白金火腿宫，以及圣帕伊尔大教堂)”可知，这三个旅游规划都能参观BuckinghamPalace。故选D项。B篇：14．C15．D16．B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。竞争是人类的天性，但是过度竞争会带来危害，作者认为人们要有争取铜牌的精神，即不与他人比较，追求与自我竞争、达到个人最佳水平的胜利。14．词句猜测题。根据第二段前两句“Althoughthecompetitivespiritmaybeasnaturalasbreathingair,itdoesnotalwaysleadtohumanprosperity.Onthecontrary,leftunmanaged,itcancreatemiseryforourselvesandothers.(虽然竞争精神可能像呼吸空气一样自然，但它并不总是给人类带来繁荣。相反，如果不加以管理，它会给我们自己和他人带来痛苦。)”和第三句中的“thereisaformulatosolvethisproblemwithoutunrealisticallysuggestingthat(有一个公式可以解决这个问题，而不是不切实际地建议)”可知，此处是指不是不切实际地建议我们完全去除自己的竞争冲动，所以dispensewith意为“去除”。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Humansarebornandwiredtocompetewithoneanother.Peoplecomparehowmany“likes”theyhaveonsocialmedia.(人类生来就注定要相互竞争。人们比较自己在社交媒体上有多少个“赞”。)”可知，把自己和那些不那么幸运的人比较时人们最有可能自我感觉良好。故选D。16．主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“Fortunately,thereisaformulatosolvethisproblemwithoutunrealisticallysuggestingthatweentirelydispensewithourcompetitiveurge:Insteadofalwaysgoingforgold,shootforthebronze.(幸运的是，有一个公式可以解决这个问题，而不会不切实际地建议我们完全放弃竞争冲动：不要总是追求金牌，而是要争取铜牌。)”可知，文章主要是讲争取铜牌、与自己竞争达到个人最佳水平的胜利。故选B。C篇：17．A18．B19．C20．A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以感知疼痛的机器人，解释了教会机器人感知疼痛的意义以及机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。17．细节理解题。根据第一段“Aspartoftheirdemonstrationatlastweek’sIEEEInternationalConferenceonRoboticsandAutomationheldinStockholm,JohannesKuehnandSamiHaddaddinshowedhowpainmightbeusedinrobots,byinteractingwithaBioTacfingertipsensorontheendofaKukaroboticarmthathadbeenprogrammedtoreactdifferentlytodifferingamountsofpain.(上周在斯德哥尔摩举行的IEEE机器人与自动化国际会议上，JohannesKuehn和SamiHaddaddin展示了疼痛如何应用于机器人，通过与Kuka机械臂末端的BioTac指尖传感器进行交互，该传感器已被编程为对不同程度的疼痛做出不同的反应)”可知，演示中的机器人有感觉疼痛的能力。故选A。18．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Theideaofdevelopinganartificialrobotnervoussystemmayseemcontrarytoallexpectations,butKuehnsaysdoingsoisimportantinthesamewaythatitisgoodforhumanstofeelpain.“Painisasystemthatprotectsus,”saysKuchn.“Whenweavoidthesourceofpain,ithelpsusnotgethurt.”Sowhenrobotscanfeelandreacttopain,theywillbecomesmartenoughtoavoidit.Themoredangeroustherobotregistersthethreattobe,thefasteritwillwithdrawandavoidthesourceofdanger.Additionally,KuehnandHaddadinsayhumansworkingalongsiderobotsthatfeelpain,especiallythoseinheavymachinery,willbeprotectedaroundthem.(开发人工机器人神经系统的想法似乎与所有人的期望相反，但库恩说，这样做很重要，就像人类感觉疼痛一样。“疼痛是一种保护我们的系统，”库恩说。“当我们避开痛苦的根源时，它就能帮助我们不受伤。”因此，当机器人能够感受到疼痛并做出反应时，它们将变得足够聪明，能够避免疼痛。机器人发现的威胁越危险，它就会越快地撤离并避开危险源。此外，Kuehn和hadadin说，人类和机器人一起工作，尤其是那些在重型机械上工作的机器人，将会受到保护)”可知，第二段主要讲的是教会机器人感知疼痛的意义。故选B。19．细节理解题。根据第三段“Forexample,ifthearmfeelslightpain,itslowlywithdrawsuntilthepainstops,andthenreturnstoitsoriginaltask;severepain,meanwhile,causesthearmtogointoakindoflockdownmodeuntilitcangethelpfromahumanoperator.(例如，如果手臂感到轻微疼痛，它就会慢慢退缩，直到疼痛停止，然后再回到原来的工作中；与此同时，剧烈的疼痛会导致手臂进入一种锁定模式，直到它能得到人类操作员的帮助)”可知，机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。故选C。20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Onlytimewilltellofcourse,butonethingthatisevident,KuehnandHaddadin’sworkcouldleadtorobotsthataremorehuman-likethanever.(当然，只有时间才能告诉我们〖答案〗，但有一件事是显而易见的，库恩和哈达丁的工作可能会让机器人变得比以往任何时候都更像人类)”可推知，作者对库恩和哈达丁的研究持乐观态度。故选A。七选五：21．B22．D23．C24．G25．E【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了“零食式”运动的含义以及好处，同时给人们提供了几个有用的锻炼选择。21．上文“Whatshouldpeopledowhentheycan’tfindthetimeordesiretodoalongworkout?(当人们找不到时间或不想进行长时间锻炼时应该怎么办？)”提出问题——当人们找不到时间或不想进行长时间锻炼时应该怎么办？空处应该对此回答，结合下文“Exercisesnacks(“零食式”运动)areapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.(零食式”运动是人们保持健康的一种流行且富有创意的新方式)”介绍了“零食式”运动可知，空处应与“零食式”运动有关，B项“他们应该把“大餐”分成运动“零食”。”符合语境，故选B。22．上文“Exercisesnacks(“零食式”运动)areapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.Insteadofrequiringhoursatthegym,thisconceptinstructsyoutokeepitshort.(“零食式”运动是人们保持健康的一种流行且富有创意的新方式。这个概念指导你保持短时间的锻炼，而不是要求你在健身房待上几个小时)”指出“零食式”运动使你进行短时间锻炼，D项“这些锻炼可以持续20秒到两分钟。”符合语境，承接上文，具体介绍了进行短时间锻炼所持续的时间，故选D。23．上文“Justthreeexercisesnacksa