湖南省永州市高二上学期期末英语试题

永州市2019年下期高二期末质量监测试卷英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。3.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanaskingthewomanfor?A.Abook.B.Abed.C.Adesklamp.2.Whichapartmentisthewomanlookingfor?A.Number23.B.Number25.C.Number27.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Pets.B.Afilm.C.ATVprogramme.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Teacherandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Bossandemployee.5.WherewillthewomangoswimmingthisSunday?A.Inthelake.B.Inthesea.C.Atthegym.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.What’swrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shehasatoothache.C.Shehasastomachache.7.Howlonghasthewomanhadtheproblem?A.Fortwoweeks.B.Fortwodays.C.Fortwomonths.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Takecareofhiscat.B.Buyhismotheragift.C.PickhimuponThursday.9.Howoldisthewoman’smother?A.60.B.70.C.80.10.Whenwillthemangotothewoman’shousenextweek?A.Thursday.B.Wednesday.C.Friday.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwant?A.Asingleroom.B.Abusinessroom.C.Adoubleroom.12.Whatisneededontheform?A.Addressandsignature.B.Passportnumberandaddress.C.Passportnumberandsignature.13.Howwillthemanpayforhisroom?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whathappenedtothewoman?AShewaslost.B.Shehadanaccident.C.Shetookawrongbus.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?AStaystill.B.Trytostandup.C.Callanambulance.16.Whatdoesthewomangivetothemanintheend?A.HerpassportB.Aradio.C.HerIDcard.17.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Areporter.B.Apoliceman.C.Adoctor.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthebestsourceofproteinaccordingtothespeaker?A.Plants.B.Animalmeat.C.Insectmeat.19.Howdomostpeoplegettheirinsectsforeating?A.Byraisingthemathome.B.Byfindingtheminthewild.C.Bybuyingthemfromfarmers.20.Whydoesthespeakerencouragepeopletoeatinsects?A.Tomakemealstastier.B.Togivefarmersmorebusiness.C.Toendhungeraroundtheworld.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACaves(洞穴)haveaprimaryappeal—theyholdthesecretstoourpastandaremysteriousinandofthemselves.●MammothCaveKentucky,USAThelongestcavesystemintheworldliesbeneaththeGreenRiverValleyinKentuckyandwhileover400milesofpassagewayshavebeenmapped,ithasyettobefullydiscovered.Theplexlimestonelabyrinth(石灰岩迷宫)wasdiscoveredbyhumans4,000yearsago.●BlueGrottoCapri,ItalyOnceusedasthepersonalswimmingholefortheRomanEmperorTiberius,thisextremelybrightseacaveisalmost200feetlongand82feetwide.Itsuniqueglowesfromthelightenteringthesmallopeningtotheoutside.●AvshalomCaveNatureReserveBeitShemesh,IsraelAlsoknownastheSoreqCaveNatureReserve,AvshalomisconsideredtobetheRosettaStoneofclimatehistoryintheEasternMediterraneanthroughthepackedstalactites(钟乳石)foundinthecave,someofwhichareover13feetlong,andareasoldas300,000years.●CaveoftheCrystalsNaica,MexicoThisuniquecavesysteminMexicocontainssomeofthelargestnaturalcrystals(水晶)everfound—thelongestofwhichis39feetlongand13feetthick.However,itisrarelyexploredduetologisticaldifficulties:itisextremelyhotduetoitslocationaboveavolcanicvent,andthehugecrystalsblockalsoblockthepassage.1.Wheredoesthelongestcaveliein?A.Kentucky,USA. B.Capri,Italy.C.BeitShemesh,Israel. D.Naica,Mexico.2.Avshalomisfamousas.A.themostbeautifulcave. B.theSoreqCaveNatureReserve.C.theEmperor’sswimminghole. D.over400milesofpassageways.3.Whichcaveincludesthelargestnaturalcrystals?A.CaveoftheCrystals. B.BlueGrotto.C.MammothCave. D.AvshalomCaveNatureReserve.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界著名的几大洞穴。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章MammothCave部分内容：MammothCave,Kentucky,USAThelongestcavesystemintheworldliesbeneaththeGreenRiverValleyinKentucky…（美国肯塔基州猛犸洞，世界上最长的洞穴系统位于肯塔基州的绿河谷下面……）可知，世界上最长的洞穴是位于美国肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章AvshalomCaveNatureReserve部分内容：AlsoknownastheSoreqCaveNatureReserve…（阿夫沙洛姆洞穴自然保护区也被称为Soreq洞穴自然保护区……）可知，阿夫沙洛姆洞穴自然保护区以被称为称为Soreq洞穴自然保护区而出名。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章CaveoftheCrystals部分内容：ThisuniquecavesysteminMexicocontainssomeofthelargestnaturalcrystalseverfound（墨西哥这个独特的洞穴系统包含了一些迄今为止发现的最大的天然水晶）可知，最大的水晶在墨西哥的水晶洞里发现。故选A项。B“Ihadnointentiontoadoptacatthatday.Ijustlikedbeingaroundanimals.”Mirandasays.ButwhenshesawNalainhermetalcage,“WemadeeyecontactandIcouldn'tresist（抗拒）herbigblueeyes.”Atthatpoint,“Nalawassosmall.IaskedtheshelterifIcouldholdher.OncehadNalainmyarms,Nalalookedupatmeandlicked（舔）myface.”Andthatwaswhensheknewshehadtotakethiskittyhome.Still,MirandaneverimaginedNalawouldbeeanInstastar.“IstartedNala’sInstagramaccountin2012asawaytosharephotoswithmyclosefriendsandfamilyinThailand,”sheexplained.ThepossibilityofNalagainingattentionbeyondthatsmallgroupofpeoplehadn’toccurredtoheruntilithappened.Mirandasays,“EachtimeNala’sphotowasfeaturedonInstagram’spopularpage,heraccountwouldgain1,000newfollowers.”Fromthere,Nala’spopularitysnowballed.LargenationwidebrandsmessagedMirandaabouthiringNalatodoads.“Thistookusbysurprisebecausewecouldn’tbelievethatabigbrandwantedtopaythemtotakephotoswiththeirproductsnexttoNala.”Nalastartedlifeoutinashelter,justwaitingtobelovedlikemanyotheranimalsthatwereabandoned.Todaythatdreamhassurelyetrue.Nalahasover4millionfollowersonInstagram,whichearnedherthetitle“GuinnessWorldRecordsMostPopularCatonInstagram.”InadditiontomanagingherInstafame,Nalaisbeingaskedtotestvariouscatfoodbrands.Moreimportantly,“Nalaisourchancetosharethelovetohelpcreateabetterlifeforotheranimals,sotheycangrowwellandbringjoytotheworldlikeNalahas.”4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Visitstoashelter. B.Loveatfirstsight.C.Powerofblueeyes. D.Dutytoadoptcats.5.WhydidMirandaopenNala’sInstagramaccount?A.TomeetNala’sneeds. B.TohelpNalabeastar.C.ToshareNala’spictures. D.Toattractpublicattention.6.HowdidMirandafeelaboutNala’spopularity?A.Satisfied B.Amazed. C.Upset. D.Disappointed7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thatdream”inparagraph4referto?A.Beingwelltreatedlikemanyofherkind. B.Startinglifeintheshelter.C.Gainingchancestoearnmoney. D.BeingraisedbyInstagramfans.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。Nala是一只猫咪，在被Miranda收养后在网络上走红。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第三句中的“WemadeeyecontactandIcouldn'tresist（抗拒）herbigblueeyes.”（我们眼神接触，我无法抗拒它蓝色的大眼睛。）和最后一句“Andthatwaswhensheknewshehadtotakethiskittyhome.”（就在那时，她知道她必须把这只小猫带回家。）可知，第一段主要是讲Miranda第一次见到Nala时就喜欢上了这只小猫并把它带回了家。所以第一段主要是讲与一只猫咪的一见钟情。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“IstartedNala’sInstagramaccountin2012asawaytosharephotoswithmyclosefriendsandfamilyinThailand”（2012年，我开通了Nala的Instagram账号，以便与我在泰国的亲密朋友和家人分享照片）可知，Miranda开通了Nala的Instagram账号是为了分享Nala的照片。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Thistookusbysurprisebecausewecouldn’tbelievethatabigbrandwantedtopaythemtotakephotoswiththeirproductsnexttoNala.”（这让我们很惊讶，因为我们不敢相信一个大品牌愿意付钱让他们在Nala旁边给他们的产品拍照。）可知，Miranda对Nala的走红感到惊奇。故选B。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒第二段第一句“Nalastartedlifeoutinashelter,justwaitingtobelovedlikemanyotheranimalsthatwereabandoned.”（Nala在收容所开始了自己的生活，就像许多其他被遗弃的动物一样，等待着被爱。）可知，那个梦是指像它的同类一样受到善待。故选A。CTwolittlegirlswhoarelovelyinBritainarebringingthousandsofpeopletogethertosignapetition(请愿书)demandingthatBurgerKingandMcDonald’sstopgivingawayfreeplastictoys.Withthehelpoftheirmother,nineyearoldEllaandsevenyearoldCaitlinstartedanonlinepetitioninordertopersuadethefastfoodgiants(巨头)todoawaywiththewastefultoysthatewithHappyMealsandJuniorMeals.Sincestartingthepetition,theyoungstershavegotover350,000signaturesoftheir500,000goal,andthecalltoactionhasalreadyreceivedfurthersupportfromadultsandchildren.“We’vebeenlearningallabouttheenvironmentatschoolandtheproblemofplastic.Itmadeusverysadtoseehowplasticharmswildlifeandpollutestheocean,andwewanttochangethis,”readsthepetition.“That’swhywewantBurgerKingandMcDonald’stothinkoftheenvironmentandstopgivingawayplastictoyswiththeirkidsmeals.”“WeliketogotoeatatBurgerKingandMcDonald’s,butchildrenonlyplaywiththeplastictoysforafewminutesbeforetheygetthrownawayandharmanimalsandpollutethesea.Wewantanythingtheygiveustobeenvironmentallyfriendlysowecanprotecttheplanetforourselvesandforfuturegenerations,”theycontinued.Inadditiontothegirlsmakingaconvincingargument,theamountofsignaturesonthepetitionalmostdoubledafterreporterswiththeBBC’sWaronPlasticfollowedtheyoungactiviststotheMcDonald’sheadquartersinordertopresentthepetition.Sincethelittlegirls’storystartedbeingpickedupbyinternationalnewsoutlets,BurgerKingandMcDonald’shaveemailedstatementstoCNBCdetailingtheirplansformakingtheirfreetoysmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.8.Howdidthetwogirlsbegintheirpetition?A.ByBBC.B.ByCNBC.C.ByInternet.D.Bynewspapers.9.Whyarethetwolittlegirlsgatheringmanypeopletogether?A.Togainpeople’sattention.B.Togetover350,000signatures.C.ToeatatBurgerKingandMcDonald’s.D.Tostoptwogiantspresentingfreeplastictoys.10.WhatwillBurgerKingandMcDonald’splantodoafterthepetition?A.ToemailstatementstoBBC.B.Tomakeaconvincingargument.C.Tosellmoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoys.D.Togiveawaymoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoys.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetwolittlegirls’story?A.It’saboutproductpromotion.B.It’saboutpanyintroduction.C.It’saboutmercialadvertising.D.It’saboutenvironmentalprotection.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了英国两名小女孩通过网络将成千上万的人聚集在一起，签署请愿书，希望汉堡王和麦当劳考虑环境问题，停止在孩子们用餐时分发塑料玩具。8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容：Withthehelpoftheirmother,nineyearoldEllaandsevenyearoldCaitlinstartedanonlinepetitioninordertopersuadethefastfoodgiantstodoawaywiththewastefultoysthatewithHappyMealsandJuniorMeals.（在妈妈的帮助下，9岁的艾拉和7岁的凯特琳在网上发起了一项请愿活动，以说服快餐巨头们扔掉随开心乐园餐和儿童套餐而来的浪费玩具。）可知，她们是通过网络开始这项请愿活动的。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容：TwolittlegirlswhoarelovelyinBritainarebringingthousandsofpeopletogethertosignapetitiondemandingthatBurgerKingandMcDonald’sstopgivingawayfreeplastictoys.（英国两名可爱的小女孩将成千上万的人聚集在一起，签署请愿书，要求汉堡王和麦当劳停止发放免费塑料玩具）可知，这两个女孩聚集如此多的人是为了阻止汉堡王和麦当劳发放免费的塑料玩具给孩子。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章末段内容：Sincethelittlegirls’storystartedbeingpickedupbyinternationalnewsoutlets,BurgerKingandMcDonald’shaveemailedstatementstoCNBCdetailingtheirplansformakingtheirfreetoysmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.（自从小女孩的故事开始被国际新闻媒体报道以来，汉堡王和麦当劳已经通过电子邮件向美国全国广播公司财经频道(CNBC)发送了声明，详细说明了他们让免费玩具更环保的计划。）可知，请愿书事件使这两家公司决定发放环保型的玩具给孩子。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容主要讲述了英国两名可爱的小女孩将成千上万的人聚集在一起，签署请愿书，其目的是希望汉堡王和麦当劳考虑环境问题，停止在孩子们用餐时分发塑料玩具。因此可知，她们的故事是关于环保的。故选D项。DAnewdevice(设备)calledOrionishelpingthosewhoareblindtosee.Itdoesthisinanewwaybyhelpingthemexperiencetheworldaroundthem.JasonEsterhuizenlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.Heneverthoughthewouldbeabletoseelightormovementagain.Butnowwiththemovementofaswitch(开关),hisworldsuddenlygrewbrighter.Hesays,“Istillcan’tputitintowords.Imeanfrombeingabletoseeabsolutelynothing,it’spletelyblack,toallofasuddenseeinglittleflickers(闪烁)oflightmovearound.”Itisnotfullornormalsight,butEsterhuizencanmoveaboutintheworldaroundhim.Thenewtechnologyusesseveralparts.Oneisasmalldeviceplacedinthebrain.Theotherpartsareavideocameraonsunglassesandaprocessingdevicethatcanbecarriedinaperson’sclothes.Whentheuserpointsthecamera,asignalgoestotheprocessor(处理器)andthenbacktotheglasses.Theglassesthenareinwirelessmunicationwiththedeviceinthebrain.Theinformationcausesapatterntodevelopinthepartofthebrain.Thepatternhelpsuserssenseorseemovementandshapesoflight.Anditallhappensinseconds.EsterhuizenisoneofjusttwopeopleintheU.S.testingthistechnology.Hesaysthat“Icantellsomeonemovingacrosstheroom,walkingpastmeorwalkingawayfromme,orit’salightagainstthewall.Itisjustamazingtohavesomeformoffunctionalvisionagain.”Headdsthatnowhecandoeverydayactivitiesaroundhishomethatheoncecouldnot.Itiseasiertowalkoutside.Theresearchersbelievethatonedaythistechnologycouldhelppeoplewhohavelosttheirvisionbecauseofillnesseslikediabetes.Itmayalsohelpthosewithpoorvisionorwhowerebornblind.12.WhichofthefollowingcausedEsterhuizentogoblind?A.Anillness. B.Acaraccident.C.Abraindamage. D.Ageneticproblem.13.Whatcanweknowaboutsunglassesofthenewtechnology?A.Theyareputinthebrain.B.Theyarecarriedintheuser’sclothes.C.Theyaremainlyusedtoprotectaperson’seyes.D.Theymunicatewirelesslywithasmalldevice.14.WhatcanweinferaboutEsterhuizeninparagraph5?A.Hefullyregainshissight.B.Healwaysdodailyactivitiesfreely.C.Hefeelsdelightedtoseetheworldagain.D.Heistheonlyonetotestthistechnology.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Orionmakeshomesbrighter.B.Orionfunctionsasnormaleyes.C.Anewequipmenthelpstheblindsee.D.Anewtechnologyhappensinseconds.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“猎户座”的新设备正在帮助那些盲人重见光明。它以一种新的方式帮助他们体验周围的世界。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第1句内容：JasonEsterhuizenlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.（JasonEsterhuizen在一次车祸后失去了视力。）可知，Esterhuizen是在车祸中失明的。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容：Thenewtechnologyusesseveralparts.Oneisasmalldeviceplacedinthebrain.Theotherpartsareavideocameraonsunglassesandaprocessingdevicethatcanbecarriedinaperson’sclothes.Whentheuserpointsthecamera,asignalgoestotheprocessorandthenbacktotheglasses.Theglassesthenareinwirelessmunicationwiththedeviceinthebrain.（这项新技术使用了几个部分。一个是放置在大脑中的小装置。其他部分是太阳镜上的摄像机和可以放在衣服里的处理设备。当用户点相机时,信号的处理器，然后回到了眼镜。然后，眼镜就可以与大脑中的设备进行无线通信。）可知，太阳镜可以与大脑中的小装置进行无线通信。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段第2句内容：Hesaysthat“Icantellsomeonemovingacrosstheroom,walkingpastmeorwalkingawayfromme,orit’salightagainstthewall.Itisjustamazingtohavesomeformoffunctionalvisionagain.”（他说:“我能分辨出是有人从我身边走过，还是从我身边走开，或者是墙上的一盏灯。再次拥有某种形式的功能性视力真是太神奇了。”）可知，能够拥有功能性视力使他很高兴。选项C：Hefeelsdelightedtoseetheworldagain.（他很高兴再次看到这个世界。）论述正确。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，可知，第一段提出了文章的主旨要点：AnewdevicecalledOrionishelpingthosewhoareblindtosee.Itdoesthisinanewwaybyhelpingthemexperiencetheworldaroundthem.（一种名为“猎户座”的新设备正在帮助那些盲人重见光明。它以一种新的方式帮助他们体验周围的世界。）可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型的帮助盲人重新看到世界的设备。选项C：Anewequipmenthelpstheblindsee.（一种新设备帮助盲人看东西。）概括了主旨。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FourhabitsofhappypeopleWhiletherecentresearchhasshownthatabout60percentofourbaseline(基本)levelofhappinessisprobablygeneticallydetermined,itmeans40percentisunderourcontrol.Youcan’tgobackandgetnewgenes.___16___.Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.·Spendtimeoutside.Ifyoucanclock20minutesadayoutside,studiesshowyou’llnotonlymaintainabettermood,butyourmindwillbemoreopenandyou’llimproveyourworkingmemory._____17_____.·Exerciseregularly.Allexercisereleasesendorphins(脑内肽)inyourbrain,andifyouworkoutregularly,thismoodboosts（增强）evencarriesovertononworkoutdays._____18_____.Moodstaysaboutthesameondaystheydon’t.____19____.Astudyhasconfirmedthatwhenpeopleactivelytrytobehappy,theyraisetheirbaselinemoods,makingthemfeelhappierthanthosewhodonottry.Inthestudy,twosetsofparticipantslistenedto“happy”music.Thosewhoactivelytriedtofeelhappierreportedthehighestlevelofpositivemoodafterwards.·Careforothers._____20_____.Volunteerworkisgoodforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Peopleofallageswhovolunteerarehappierandexperiencebetterphysicalhealthandlessdepression.A.Exerciseiseasytodo.B.Puteffortintobeinghappy.C.Peoplearoundyouimpactyourmood.D.Sunshineandfreshairmakeyoufeelgoodtoo.E.ButyoucanstartagoodmorningoverwithanewattitudeF.Peoplewhospendtimeeverymonthhelpingothersarehappier.G.Onexercisedays,people’smoodissignificantlyimprovedafterexercising.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.B20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了快乐人群的四个习惯。【16题详解】设空在段中，承前启后的作用。根据前文内容“Youcan’tgobackandgetnewgenes（你不能重组基因）”，而后文内容“Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.”提及了幸福人的好习惯，可推知所填空应是对前文的转折，且呼应后文幸福可以由自身习惯决定。选项E：Butyoucanstartagoodmorningoverwithanewattitude.（但是你可以用新的态度来开始一个美好的早晨)符合语境分析。故选E项。【17题详解】设空在段末，呼应主旨句。根据本段主题句：Spendtimeoutside.（花时间在外面。）可知，本段主要讲述了在户外对于好情绪的影响。选项D“Sunshineandfreshairmakeyoufeelgoodtoo.”提及了阳光和新鲜空气对于好心情的帮助，符合本段主旨。故选D项。【18题详解】设空在段中，承前启后的作用。根据前文内容：Allexercisereleasesendorphinsinyourbrain,andifyouworkoutregularly,thismoodboostsevencarriesovertononworkoutdays.（所有的运动都会在你的大脑中释放内啡肽，如果你经常锻炼，这种情绪就会持续到不锻炼的日子。）可知本段主要讲述做运动带来的心情方面的有利之处在运动当日和非运动日都有效，且后文已经提及非运动日，因此可推知，所填空为运动当日的“好心情”，选项G：Onexercisedays,people’smoodissignificantlyimprovedafterexercising.（在运动日，人们的情绪在运动后明显改善。）符合语境分析。故选G项。【19题详解】设空处为本段小标题，应是中心主旨。根据后文内容：Astudyhasconfirmedthatwhenpeopleactivelytrytobehappy,theyraisetheirbaselinemoods,makingthemfeelhappierthanthosewhodonottry.（一项研究证实，当人们积极尝试快乐时，他们会提高自己的基准情绪，让自己比那些不努力的人更快乐。）可知，本段主要讲述了“努力使自己快乐”的积极作用。选项B：Puteffortintobeinghappy.（努力让自己快乐。）符合本段中心主旨。故选B项。【20题详解】设空处在段中，紧跟主旨标题，应为主旨句支持解释句。根据小标题“Careforothers（关爱他人）”可知，所填句子应解释关爱他人对情绪带来好处。选项F：Peoplewhospendtimeeverymonthhelpingothersarehappier.（每个月花时间帮助别人的人更快乐。）符合语境分析。故选F项。【点睛】七选五技巧—连词的暗示在做七选五题目时，无论是在文章中还是在所提供的选项中，连词是值得注意的。它们往往成为答案的线索或成为答案的可能性很大。如一些表示转折的连词，though，but，however，yet，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的词，如therefore，and，aswellas，also，neithernor，eitheror，notonly...butalso，ononehandontheotherhand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。比如文章第1小题：Whiletherecentresearchhasshownthatabout60percentofourbaseline(基本)levelofhappinessisprobablygeneticallydetermined,itmeans40percentisunderourcontrol.Youcan’tgobackandgetnewgenes.___1___.Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.在做此题时，可以注意到，空前的一句话含有否定词“can’t”，而后面的句子“Herearethegoodhabitsofhappypeople.”是肯定句。说明所填的句子应是转折句，才能起到承前启后的作用，将两个句子衔接起来。因此选项E“Butyoucanstartagoodmorningoverwithanewattitude.”中的连词“but”可以起到很好的语境衔接作用。且符合句意主旨。因此第1小题答案为E项。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ShreyaaVenkat’sdesireforhelpingothersstartedassoonasshecouldwalk.Herparents,___21___volunteersthemselves,broughtheralongtoattendtheirvariousvoluntaryprojects.Byfifthgrade,she’ddevelopedsuch___22___forvolunteeringthatshestartedsettingupherownservice___23___

NEST4USinherarea.“Therewasahomelessmanholdingasignsaying‘___24___.NeedFood’,”sheremembers.“SoI___25___himmylunchandhewasextremely___26___.Itwassoeasybecauseitonlytookmethirty___27___,anditreallyhelpedhim.”Hungerisjustoneof

themany___28___realitiesofliving.Butthissmallact___29___hertofindawaytogetfoodtothepeoplein___30___.It’stooeasyforpeoplelivingonthemargins(边缘)ofsocietytofeelliketheyareinvisible(隐形的)andnoone___31___them.Venkatknewwhattheyneededwasnot___32___food.Soshetookactionand___33___lotsofvolunteerstowrite___34___oflove,encouragementandoptimism,whicharethen___35___tothedonations.Recentlyahomelessmanhaskepteverynotehe’d___36___,saying,“Theyreallyhelpme___37___upandknowpeopleareconcernedaboutme.”Inher17yearsontheearth,Venkathasdonemoretohelpthepeoplelivingontheplanetthanmanyadultswhoaretwo,three,andfourtimesher___38___.Thenonprofitorganizationshe___39___hashelpedserveover12,000homelesspeopleby___40___foodandothersupplies.21.A.clever B.brave C.funny D.active22.A.satisfaction B.enthusiasm C.humour D.pleasure23.A.school B.factory C.organization D.store24.A.Hungry B.Angry C.Cold D.Upset25.A.bought B.gave C.awarded D.lent26.A.curious B.disappointed C.pleased D.surprised27.A.days B.seconds C.nights D.months28.A.adventurous B.dangerous C.mysterious D.serious29.A.inspired B.warned C.instructed D.permitted30.A.turn B.danger C.charge D.need31.A.peteswith B.arguesabout C.disagreeswith D.caresabout32.A.just B.still C.even D.yet33.A.employed B.adopted C.begged D.forced34.A.letters B.notes C.books D.stories35.A.applied B.related C.attached D.pared36.A.gotten B.written C.hidden D.taken37.A.pick B.cheer C.turn D.wake38.A.weight B.salary C.age D.experience39.A.discovered B.changed C.selected D.founded40.A.selling B.cooking C.providing D.enjoying【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.D32.A33.A34.B35.C36.A37.B38.C39.D40.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个17岁的女孩ShreyaaVenkat因从小受到父母的影响，成立了志愿者组织，而帮助了无数无家可归的人的事迹。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的父母也是积极的志愿者，他们带她参加各种志愿活动。A.clever聪明的；B.brave勇敢的；C.funny有趣的；滑稽的；D.active积极的。根据后文“attendtheirvariousvoluntaryprojects.（参加他们的各种志愿活动。）”可知，她的父母在参加志愿活动方面很积极（active）。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年级时，她对志愿服务产生了极大的热情，于是她开始在自己的地区建立自己的服务组织NEST4US。A.satisfaction满意；B.enthusiasm热心；热情；C.humour幽默；D.pleasure快乐；令人高兴的事。根据前文可知，父母在她很小的时候就带她参加各种志愿活动，因此她对做志愿活动有热情（enthusiasm），developtheenthusiasmfor…，意为“培养/养成对……的热情”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年级时，她对志愿服务产生了极大的热情，于是她开始在自己的地区建立自己的服务组织NEST4US。A.school学校；B.factory工厂；C.organization组织；D.store商店。根据末尾句提及“thenonprofitorganization（非盈利组织）”可知，她成立了一个组织（organization）。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“有一个流浪汉举着一个写着‘饥饿’的牌子。她回忆道。A.Hungry饥饿的；B.Angry生气的；C.Cold寒冷的；D.Upset难过的；不安的。根据后文“NeedFood”,可知，所填空应是饥饿的（hungry）。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我给了他我的午餐，他非常高兴。A.bought买；B.gave给；C.awarded授予；判定；D.lent借给。根据句意和语境可知，根据后文“______himmylunch,”可知，Shreyaa是把自己的午餐给了这个无家可归的人。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“所以我给了他我的午餐，他非常高兴。A.curious好奇的；B.disappointed失望的；C.pleased高兴的；满意的；D.surprised吃惊的。Shreyaa把自己的午餐给了这个无家可归的人，这位无家可归的人自然会很高兴（pleased）。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很简单，因为我只花了30秒，这真的帮助了他。A.days白天；日子；B.seconds秒；C.nights晚上；D.months月。根据句意和语境可知，由前文提及的“itwassoeasy（如此容易）”，可知把自己的午餐送给这个无家可归的人这一举动，Shreyaa只用了30秒的时间。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：饥饿只是生活中许多严重的现实之一。A.adventurous冒险的；B.dangerous危险的；C.mysterious神秘的；D.serious严肃的；严重的。根据句意和语境可知，此处强调饥饿是严重的事实。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是这个小小举动激发了她的灵感，让她想办法把食物送给需要的人。A.inspired激发；鼓舞；B.warned警告；C.instructed指导；通知；D.permitted允许。根据句意和语境可知，此处表达这次的小事给她以启示，鼓励了她。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是这个小小的举动激发了她的灵感，让她想办法把食物送给需要的人。A.turn转弯；变化；B.danger危险；C.charge负责；掌控；D.need需要。inneed，固定搭配，意为“有需要的（人）”，在句中作后置定语。食物是送给有需要的人。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：生活在社会边缘的人很容易觉得自己是隐形的，没有人关心他们。Venkat知道他们需要的不仅仅是食物。A.peteswith与……竞争；B.arguesabout议论某事；C.disagreeswith不同意；D.caresabout关心。根据后文提及“feelliketheyareinvisible（感觉他们是隐形的）”，因此，没人关心（careabout）。故选D项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：生活在社会边缘的人很容易觉得自己是隐形的，没有人关心他们。Venkat知道他们需要的不仅仅是食物。A.just刚刚；恰好；仅仅；B.still仍然；C.even甚至；D.yet还；但是；已经。根据句意和语境可知，此处强调他们需要的不仅仅是食物。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她采取了行动，雇佣了许多志愿者来写爱心、鼓励和乐观的纸条，然后将纸条附在捐款上。A.employed雇佣；B.adopted采取；C.begged乞求；D.forced强迫。根据句意和语境可知，她雇佣（employ）志愿者去写下爱心便条。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她采取了行动，聘请了许多志愿者来写爱心、鼓励和乐观的纸条，然后将纸条附在捐款上。A.letters信件；B.notes便条；C.books书籍；D.stories故事。根据后文提及“whicharethen___15___tothedonations.”是与捐赠物一起赠出的，应是写下便条（notes）。且与后文“kepteverynote（保存了每一张便条）”呼应。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她采取了行动，聘请了许多志愿者来写爱心、鼓励和乐观的纸条，然后将纸条附在捐款上。A.applied申请；应用；B.related叙述；C.attached使依附；贴上；D.pared对比。根据句意和语境可知，attachsthtosth,意为“将……贴上”，此处应是将写好的便条贴到捐赠物上。故选C项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，一个无家可归的人保留了他收到的每一张纸条，上面写着:“他们真的帮助我振作起来，知道人们关心我。”A.gotten得到；到达；B.written写下；C.hidden隐藏；D.taken拿走。由Recentlyahomelessmanhaskepteverynote可知，无家可归的人收到（get）了便条。才能保留收到的纸条。故选A项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，一个无家可归的人保留了他收到的每一张纸条，上面写着:“他们真的帮助我振作起来，知道人们关心我。”A.pick挑选；采摘；拾取；B.cheer欢呼；鼓舞；C.turn转变；转动；转向；D.wake叫醒；醒来。根据句意和语境可知，收到的充满爱心的便条应是使他振奋起来（cheerup）。故选B项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在地球上的17年里，Venkat为帮助地球上的人们所做的比许多年龄是她2倍、3倍、4倍的成年人还要多。A.weight重量；B.salary薪水；C.age年龄；D.experience经历；体验。根据“Inher17yearsontheearth（她在地球上的17年）”可知，此句强调Shreyaa的年龄小，将她与其他比她年龄大的人进行对比。故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她创立的非盈利组织通过提供食物和其他物资帮助了超过12000名无家可归的人。A.discovered发现；B.changed改变；C.selected挑选；D.founded成立。分析可知，she___19___应是之前名词thenonprofitorganization的定语从句，且先行词在从句中作宾语，成立组织（foundtheorganization）。故选D项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她创立的非盈利组织通过提供食物和其他物资帮助了超过12000名无家可归的人。A.selling售卖；B.cooking做饭；烹饪；C.providing提供；D.enjoying喜欢；享受。由“hashelpedserveover12,000homelesspeople”可知，提供（provide）食物和其他供给，才能帮助超过12000名无家可归的人。故选C项。【点睛】完形填空题技巧复现原则的巧用复现是指所选答案在文中已经存在，不过是在文章的其他段落或部分存在，而且是以原词，同义词，近义词，同根词等形式存在。仔细阅读文章，在做答案判断时瞻前顾后，有助于找到正确答案。比如文章的第3，4，11小题：3）Byfifthgrade,she’ddevelopedsuch___2___forvolunteeringthatshestartedsettingupherownservice___3___NEST4USinherarea3.A.schoolB.factoryC.organizationD.store本题的答案在文章末尾有提及原词“Thenonprofitorganization”，属于原词复现，故答案为C项。4）“Therewasahomelessmanholdingasignsaying‘___4___.NeedFood’4.A.HungryB.AngryC.ColdD.Upset本题的答案在后文有提及“Hunge