笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷2（共112题）

笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷2（共7套）（共112题）笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷第1套一、英译汉(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)1、Theself-drivingcarisn’tasfaroffasyoumightthink.Whatonceexistedonlyintherealmofsciencefictionisnowrovingaround—albeitinanextremelylimitedfashion—inNevada,Florida,California,andMichigan.标准答案：自动驾驶汽车并不像大家想的那么遥远。这种以前只出现在科幻小说里的东西现在已经开始四处游走于内华达州、佛罗里达州、加利福尼亚州和密歇根州，尽管活动非常有限。知识点解析：暂无解析2、Wirelesstechnologyhasquickenedthedevelopmentofmessagingsoftware,openingthemarkettoalotofdevicesforwebaccess.标准答案：无线技术已经加快了通讯软件的发展，这为很多网络访问设备开放了市场。知识点解析：暂无解析3、Intelannouncedplanstoreleaseacompletelywire-freepersonalcomputerbytheendoftheyear—nopowercord,nomonitorcable,nothing.标准答案：英特尔公司也宣布将在年底以前推出一款完全不需要任何电线的个人电脑，既不需要电源线，也不需要显示器连接线，什么都不需要。知识点解析：暂无解析4、AnIsraelicompanysaysithasdevelopedtechnologythatcanchargeamobilephoneinafewsecondsandanelectriccarinminutes,advancesthatcouldtransformtwooftheworld’smostdynamicconsumerindustries.标准答案：以色列一家公司开发出一种新技术，可在几秒钟内完成手机充电，给电动汽车充电仅需几分钟。这些技术进步可能改变世界上最具活力的两大消费产业。知识点解析：暂无解析5、AsforthepeoplewhoseeyesstillfindthegreatreasonsbehindthetechnologyofdualSIMphonevague,youcanfindfivereasonsinthistextthatmightshedlightonyoutorealizewhyit’simportanttohaveone.标准答案：对于那些仍旧无法看出双卡手机这项新技术带来什么好处的人们，这篇文章为你提供五条理由，帮助你认识为什么拥有一款双卡手机很重要。知识点解析：暂无解析6、Withnowaytoconfirmwhetherthose"friends"arewhotheyrepresentthemselvestobe,andwithmanysecurityholes,instantmessagingseemstobetakingabackseatinInternetcommunication.标准答案：由于无法确认那些“朋友”是否如他们自己描述，加之众多安全漏洞，即时通讯似乎在英特网交流中已退居次席了。知识点解析：暂无解析7、WillRobotsTakeOverHumans’Jobs?Willarobotbedrivingyourtaxiin10years?Probably.Willarobothavetakenyourjobin10years?Possibly.AccordingtonewdatafromthePewResearchCenter,techiesaresplitaboutjusthowimportantrobotsandartificialintelligencewillbetotheeconomyandtoeverydaylifeintheyear2025.Around52%ofthe1,896peoplepolledforastudytitled"2014FutureoftheInternet"—includingtechnologyindustryresearchscientists,businessleadersandtechnologydevelopers—believethatroboticswillnottakeawaymorejobsthanitcreatesby2025,meaningthatincreasedrelianceonthetechnologywillactuallybeanetpositivetotheeconomyandthejobmarket.Theother48%,though,thinkthatrobotswilldisplacehugenumbersofwhiteandbluecollarworkersinthenext10years,whichwouldnotonlyleavepeopleunemployedbutwhichcoulddisruptsocialorder."Non-skilledjobslackingin’humancontribution’willbereplacedbyautomationwhentheeconomiesarefavorable.Atthehardwarestore,theguywhousedtocutkeyshasbeenreplacedbyarobot,"saidRobertCannon,Internetlawandpolicyexpert."Thisbegsthequestion:Whatcanthehumancontribute?Theshortansweristhatifthejobisonewherethatquestioncannotbeansweredpositively,thatjobisnotlikelytoexist."Thosewhothinkthattheincreaseinroboticswillbeanetnegativealsopointoutthatthedisplacementoflower-incomeworkersbynon-humanlaborwillvastlywidenthealreadygrowingincomegap,astheownersofbusinesseswillseeprofitmarginsincreasebybeingabletolayofftheirbluecollarworkers.StoweBoydpointedoutafewwaystherobotscouldinteractwithhumanseverydayoutsideofwork.Forone,hesaid,youcanforgetabouttheteenagepizzadeliveryboy—hewillsoonbereplacedbyadeliveryrobot.Moresalaciously,Boydseesafutureforrobotsinthebedroom."Roboticsexpartnerswillbeacommonplace,althoughthesourceofscorn,thewaythatcriticstodaybemoanselfies’asanindicatorofallthat’swrongwiththeworld,"hesaid.标准答案：机器人会让人类失业吗?10年后，机器人会开出租车载人吗?很可能。10年后，机器人会取代你的工作吗?有可能。皮尤研究中心(PewResearchCenter)的最新数据显示，机器人和人工智能对2025年经济和日常生活有多重要，技术人员对此意见不一。1，896名群众投票参与了一项名为“2014互联网的未来”的研究，其中包括科技行业的研究人员、商业领袖和技术开发人员。约52％的人相信，到2025年，机器人为人类创造的岗位肯定比它夺去的工作多，这就意味着对科技越来越依赖实际上对经济和就业市场是一大利好。然而，另外48％的人则认为，在未来10年里，机器人将取代大量的白领和蓝领工人，这不仅会导致人们失业，而且会扰乱社会秩序。“在经济形势良好的情况下，非技术类工作‘因缺失人的贡献因素’将被自动化技术取代。五金店里以前由人配钥匙的工作已经被机器人所取代。”互联网法律与政策专家罗伯特-坎农表示，“问题是：人类可以贡献什么?简单回答就是，在某项工作中，如果体现不出人的积极贡献，那么该工作就不可能存在下去。”那些认为运用机器人技术越来越多只会带来负面效果的人也指出，由非人类的劳动力代替低收入工人，会使得已经扩大的贫富差距愈演愈烈，因为公司老板会从解雇蓝领工人中看到利润率的增加。斯托-博伊德指出，除了工作之外，机器人每天还能以其他几种方式与人类互动。首先，他表示，你将再也见不到送披萨外卖的小伙子了——他很快会被外卖机器人取代。博伊德甚至认为，更色情的一面是，未来机器人将进入人类的卧室。他说道：“机器人性伴侣将是司空见惯的事，虽然这会遭人鄙视，但正如当今批评家们所哀叹的，‘自拍’正是世界变得不正常的指示器。”知识点解析：暂无解析8、Hawking:ManMustLeavePlanetEarthMankindwillneedtoventurefarbeyondplanetEarthtoensurethelong-termsurvivalofourspecies,accordingtotheworld’sbestknownscientist,ProfessorStephenHawking.HewasspeakingaheadofthepresentationofBritain’shighestscientificaward,theRoyalSociety’sCopleyMedal,previouslygrantedtoCharlesDarwin,MichaelFaraday,andAlbeitEinstein.HetoldBBCRadio4’sTodayprogrammethatscientistsstillhave"somewaytogo"toreachhispredictioninhisbestsellingABriefHistoryofTimethatmankindwouldoneday"knowthemindofGod"byunderstandingthecompletesetoflawswhichgoverntheuniverse.Thissetoflaws,whichwillprobablyrelyontheorythatrequiresmorethanthreedimensionsofspaceandoneoftime,couldbeuncoveredwithin20years,mainlybecausenextyearthegiantLHCatomsmasherwillgointooperationinthenuclearphysicslaboratoryinGenevatoprovidenewinformationforthatquestbysimulatingconditionsnotseensincethebirthoftheuniverseaswellmakingantimatterinaspecialfactory.ProfHawkingsaidthatthisknowledgemaybevitaltothehumanrace’scontinuedexistence."Thelong-termsurvivalofthehumanraceisatriskaslongasitisconfinedtoasingleplanet,"hesaid."Soonerorlater,disasterssuchasanasteroidcollisionornuclearwarcouldwipeusallout.Butoncewespreadoutintospaceandestablishindependentcolonies,ourfutureshouldbesafe."Thereisn’tanywhereliketheEarthinthesolarsystem,sowewouldhavetogotoanotherstar."标准答案：霍金：人类必须离开地球世界上最著名的科学家斯蒂芬-霍金教授说，为确保能够长期延续下去，人类很有必要远离地球去探险。霍金是在英国皇家学会授予他英国科学界最高奖项‘科普利奖章’前说这番话的。达尔文、法拉第和爱因斯坦也曾得过此荣誉。他在英国广播公司第四台“今日”节目中说，科学家们要实现他在畅销书《时间简史》中的预言“尚需时日”。他预言，人类总有一天会认识到支配宇宙的整套规律，从而“了解上帝的想法”。认识这套规律也许要依靠突破三维空间加一维时间的理论。这套规律可能会在20年内揭晓，主要因为明年设在日内瓦的核物理学实验室将运行大型强子对撞机，通过模拟自宇宙诞生以来从没见过的环境以及在特殊工厂制造反物质来为这一探索提供新的信息。霍金教授说，这种信息也许正是人类继续存活下去的关键。他说：“只要将人类限制在一个星球上，人类的长期延续就处在危险中。迟早，小行星撞击地球和核战争等威胁会将我们消灭殆尽。但是，一旦我们向太空扩展并建立自给自足的聚居地，我们的未来应该是安全的。太阳系没有一个类似于地球的地方，因此我们必须寻找另外一颗恒星。”知识点解析：暂无解析二、汉译英(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)9、中国加强基础研究和前沿探索，突破一批关键核心技术，填补了多项重大产品和装备的空白。标准答案：Chinastrengthened/boostedbasicresearchandresearchinfrontierareas,madebreakthroughsinanumberofcoreandkeytechnologies,andfilledingapsinmanyimportantproductsandequipment.知识点解析：暂无解析10、我国创新型建设取得新成就，载人航天、探月工程、载人深潜、北斗卫星导航系统、超级计算机、高速铁路等实现重大突破。标准答案：China/Wemademoreinnovativebreakthroughs(Innovativebreakthroughsweremade)indevelopingmannedspaceflightandthelunarexplorationprogram,buildingamanneddeep-seasubmersible,launchingtheBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem,developingsupercomputers,andconstructing/buildinghigh-speedrailways.知识点解析：暂无解析11、全社会研究与试验发展经费支出占国内生产总值的比重由五年前的1．4％提高到现在的1．97％，企业研发活动支出占比超过74％。标准答案：China’sR&Dspending(expenditureonresearchanddevelopment)accountedfor1.97%oftheGDPintheyear,upfrom1.4%fiveyearsago,andover74%ofthisspendingwasmadebycompanies/enterprises.知识点解析：暂无解析12、科学家们知道他们的工作是永远无止境的，即使是最完美的理论可能是错误的。标准答案：Scientistsknowthattheirworkisneverfinished/perfect,andeventhebesttheorycanturnout/provetobewrong.知识点解析：暂无解析13、这个研究项目进行了不过三个月，所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。标准答案：Theresearchprojecthasonlybeenunderway(beenconducted)forthreemonths,soit’s(still)tooearlytoevaluateitssuccess/assessit.知识点解析：暂无解析14、居里夫人生于波兰华沙，后入法国籍，是近代有名的化学家和物理学家，一生得过两次诺贝尔奖。标准答案：MadameCurie,borninWarsaw,PolandandlaternaturalizedasaFrenchcitizen(latergainedFrenchnationality/citizenship),wasafamous/renownedphysicianandchemistofthemoderneraandwashonoredwithtwoNobelPrizes(atwo-timeNobelPrizewinner).知识点解析：暂无解析15、利用物联网技术的行业机械和制造业是首批利用物联网技术的行业之一。如今，全球的工厂中有数十亿台无线设备和感应器已经联网。工业网络在许多方面让日常运营更加“智能化”。为了打造“智能”的生产系统，许多公司在生产流程和系统中采用了基于感应器的物联网技术。物联网有提高生产速度和生产效率、扩大利润的潜力。比起实体商店，网店购物的便捷是个巨大的优势。正因如此，亚马逊(Amazon)等电子商务巨头正在以惊人的速度不断增长。但是随着物联网技术的发展，实体零售商如今有机会以实时跟踪存货和顾客的特性，从而在竞争中能平起平坐。通过移动物联网技术，实体零售商得以营造更加个性化的购物体验，这让他们重获新生。如今，这些商店能够收集顾客的地址、人口信息和购买记录，进而改善购物体验。在实时数据的帮助下，销售助理可以迅速为顾客提出个性化的推荐和提议，增加销售的成功率。此外，零售商开始用射频识别标签来识别店内的商品。射频识别标签与条形码的原理类似，但它们可用于无线环境中。使用这种标签，实体店就能有效地追踪库存，并持续更新商品信息。销售助理也能够立刻给出建议，这让实体店在与网店的竞争中拥有了优势。标准答案：Sectors/IndustriesMakingUseofIoTMachineryandmanufacturingwereamongthefirstindustriesthatmadeuseofInternetofThings(IoT)technology,withfactoriesaroundtheworldhavinginstalledbillionsofIoT-linkedwirelessdevicesandsensors.Incountlessways,industrialnetworksaremakingroutineoperations"smarter/moreintelligent".Inordertocreatean"intelligent"productionsystem,manycompanieshaveappliedsensor-basedIoTtechnologyto/intotheirproductionprocessesandsystems,asIoTispotentiallycapableofincreasingproductionspeed,efficiencyandprofits.Comparedwithphysicalstores,convenientonlineshoppinghasanobviousedge,whichaccountsfortheamazinggrowthofe-businessgiantslikeAmazon.ThankstotheimprovementstoIoTtechnology,physicalstoreretailers’canbenefitfromthereal-timetrackingofbothstockandcustomerssoastostayevenwiththeircompetition.MobileIoTtechnologyhasgivenphysicalstoresanewleaseon/oflifebecauseithasenabledthemtoofferamorepersonalizedshoppingexperience.Nowstorescancollectthecustomer’saddress,personaldata,andshoppingrecordstoimprovetheirshoppingexperience.Withthehelpof/Usingreal-timedata,salesagentsandshopassistantscanquicklymaketailor-madesuggestionsforcustomers,thusincreasingtheprobabilityofasuccessfulsale.Aswell,retailersarebeginningtouseradiofrequencyidentificationlabelstoidentifythemerchandiseinashop.TheworkingprincipleofRFTDlabelsissimilartothatofbarcodes,buttheformercanworkinawireless(WLAN)environment.Thankstothese(such)labels,brick-and-mortarstorescaneffectivelytrackandupdatetheinformationabouttheirstock.Aswell,shopassistantscanmakesuggestionsonthespot,thusgainingadvantagesinthecompetitionwithonlinesellers.知识点解析：暂无解析16、新的科技革命新的科技革命，给各国人民带来了难得的发展机遇，也带来了严峻挑战。一个国家，一个民族，如果不紧紧跟上科技进步的时代潮流，不结合本国发展的实际努力提高科学技术水平，就会落后，就会陷入极为被动的境地。要迎接科学技术突飞猛进和知识经济迅速兴起的挑战，最重要的是坚持创新。创新是一个民族的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力。创新的关键在人才，人才的成长靠教育。教育水平提高了，科技进步和经济发展才有后劲。科学技术实力和国民教育水平，始终是衡量综合国力和社会文明程度的重要标志，也是每个国家走向繁荣昌盛的两个不可缺少的飞轮。标准答案：TheNewScientificandTechnologicalRevolutionThenewscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionhaspresentedpeopleofallcountrieswithpreciousdevelopmentopportunitiesandseriouschallenges.Acountryornationwouldlagbehindandlanditselfinanextremelypassivepositionunlessitcloselykeepsabreastofscientificandtechnologicalprogressandupgradesitsscientificandtechnologicallevelinthelightofitsnationaldevelopment.Tomeetthechallengeofrapidscientificandtechnologicaladvancesandthefast-risinginformationeconomy,wemustcreateandinnovate.(Onlycreativityandinnovationcanhelpacountrytomeetthechallengesarisingfromadvancesinscienceandemergenceoftheknowledgeeconomy.)Creativityisthesoulofanationandaninexhaustiblesourceofacountry’sprosperity.Thekeytocreationandinnovationliesintalentedpeople/experts/specialists,whosedevelopmentdependsoneducation.Onlyawell-developededucationalsystemcansustainscientificandtechnologicalprogressandeconomicdevelopment.Scientificandtechnologicalstrengthandtheeducationallevelofanationhavealwaysbeenanimportantyardstickformeasuringtheoverallstrengthandcivilizationofasociety.Likeindispensablewheels,theypropelacountrytoprosperity.知识点解析：暂无解析笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷第2套一、英译汉(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)1、Thosesamepoliticiansaredrivenbyanintenttousethecountry’sresourcestomaximumfinancialbenefit,whatevertheymaybe,howevertreasuredandiconic.标准答案：这些同样的政客也受到驱动，想要动用本国资源，使其商业利益最大化——不管这些资源是什么，也不管它们是何等珍贵或是带有地区标志性。知识点解析：暂无解析2、ThechallengeforChinaandotheremergingmarketsishowtomeetthatdemandwithoutdestroyingboththeoilbudgetsandthequalityoftheair.标准答案：中国及其他新兴市场所面临的挑战是如何在满足需求的同时，避免过多石油支出，避免污染空气。知识点解析：暂无解析3、GM’shydrogenfuelcarinChinaunderscoresadrivetowardgoinggreen,companyCEORickWagonersays.标准答案：通用汽车总裁RickWagoner称，通用在中国市场推出的氢燃料汽车反映了通用公司走环保路线的趋势。知识点解析：暂无解析4、Airpollutionisnotapopularsubject,whichiswhylittlenoticehasbeentakenofanEUjudgmentagainsttheUKonthesubject.标准答案：空气污染不是一个流行的议题，这就是为什么最近欧盟针对英国空气污染的一项裁定案并未引起人们多少关注。知识点解析：暂无解析5、Theymaypaylipservicetorespectingourheritageandenvironment.标准答案：他们可能只是动动嘴皮子说尊重我们的历史遗产和环境。知识点解析：暂无解析6、Carbonmonoxidedoesn’tnormallycauseproblemsinawell-ventilatedareawherethegasisspread,butifitbuildsupinenclosedorpoorly-ventilatedspaces,itcausespoisoningwhenthefumesareinhaled.标准答案：如果通风状况良好，一氧化碳能迅速散开，通常不会产生严重问题；但如果环境封闭，流通性差，一氧化碳积累起来，人们吸入积聚的烟尘就会中毒。知识点解析：暂无解析7、PollutionandEcocrisisTheproblemofpollutionisalsoofgreatsocialconcern.Continuedpopulationincrease,accompaniedbyariseintheleveloflivingstandards,notonlythreatenstoexhaustAmericanresourcesbutpollutestheenvironmenttosuchanextentthatproductioninthethicklysettledareaisimpossiblewithoutdamagingthehealthofthelocalresidents.Smog,onceanurbanannoyance,isnowrecognizedasahealthrisk,andtheautomobilehasbeenpinpointedastheprincipalculprit.Heavyindustrieshavebeenblamedforriver,soil,air,noiseandvisualpollutions.DDTandotherchemicalremedieshavebeendoingmoreecologicalharmthanthegoodthattheymayhavebroughtalong.Severaldecadesago,Americansdumpedrawsewageintoriversandmanyindustrialplantsarenowstilldumpingchemicalpollutantsintolakes,riversandoceans.Oceansusedtobeandarestillbeingconsideredtobeareserveofseafood.Today,aftertheoceanshavebecomethehomeofallpollutants,thisuseoftheoceansisbeingreducedatanalarmingrate.Theworstpollutionthreatisconcentratedinandnearlargecities.Therethepeople-madepollutantsincreasinglysurpasstheabilityofairandwatertodilutethecontaminantstosafelevels.Thenaturalecologicalcycledependsonplants,whichabsorbsomepollutantsandreleaseoxygentotheair.Butnearlargecities,naturalvegetationbecomesscarce,andintroducedtrees,ornamentalshrubsandgardensarefarfromadequateinabsorbingmotorvehicleandindustrialairpollutants.Finally,somepollutants,mostnotablyatomicwaste,maycontinuetocontaminateair,land,andwaterforthousandsofyears.Therefore,ecocrisis—ecocatastropheorecocide—hasbeenforsometimeoneofthemajorconcernsofnotonlytheecoactivistsandenvironmentalists,butofmanyscientistsofotherfieldsandthegovernmentauthoritiesofmanycountriesaswell.Lastbutnotleast,thereisthequestionofwhetherthepeoplewilleventuallybeabletosolvealltheseproblems.TheAmericancontinentisawealthylandinhabitedbymanyableandwell-educatedpeople.Theretoday,peoplehaveoriginatedalife-stylewhichisknowntotheworldasbeingcharacteristicofasocietyofconsumption—alife-stylebasedontheprodigaluseofmaterialgoods.Theyareusingupmanytimestheirshareoftheearth’sresourcesatarateunparalleledinhistory.AndIamsorrytosaythatthislife-styleofAmericanhasbeencopiedbythepeopleofmanydevelopedcountries,leadingtothegreatestproblemofthemodernworldasawhole.SoImustask:AretheAmericansaptenoughtocooperatewithotherpeoplestopreventoverpopulation,resourceexhaustion,thecatastropheofpollutionandthewantonwasteofwealth-problemswhicharebasictothesolutionofmanyoutstandingeconomic,socialandpoliticalproblems?Onlytimewilltell.标准答案：污染和生态危机污染问题也受到了社会的极大关注。人口在持续增长，生活水平在提高，这不仅威胁到美国资源的枯竭，而且还污染环境到了极严重的地步：人口密集区的工业生产与当地居民的健康已成为不可调和的矛盾。烟雾，原先不过是城市居民的一件烦心事，现在被公认为危害健康的头号大敌。机动车辆已被视为造成烟雾的罪魁祸首。重工业因污染河流、土壤、空气、产生噪音和影响可见度等方面而备受指责。滴滴涕(DDT)及其他化学药剂对生态的影响是弊大于利。几十年前，美国人把未经处理的污水倒入河流，而许多工厂如今仍在把化学污染物倾入湖泊、江河和海洋。人们一向认为海洋是海产品的宝库。今天，海洋已成为一切污染物的集中地之后，海产品正以惊人速度缩减。大城市及其周边是污染最严重的地方。在那里，人为污染物的扩散越来越超过空气和水将污染物分解稀释到安全水平的能力。自然界生态循环依赖于植物；植物吸收一些污染物，把氧气释放到空气中。但邻近大城市的地区，天然植被日渐稀少，而移植的树木、观赏灌木及花园又远不足以吸收机动车辆和工业产生的空气污染物。最终，有些污染物，尤其是原子能废料，可能会继续污染空气、土地和水源达几千年之久。因此，生态危机——也称为生态灾难或生态灭绝——一段时期以来不仅是生态活动家和环保主义者关注的主要问题，而且引起了其他领域许多科学家和许多国家政府当局的重视。最后，问题是，人们最终是否能解决所有这些问题?美国大陆是一块富裕的土地，居住着许多能干的、受过良好教育的人。如今，在那里人们开创了一种以消费社会为特色而闻名全球的生活方式，即一种挥霍物质财富为基础的生活方式。美国人正以前所未有的速度耗费着超过他们份额不知多少倍的地球资源。我遗憾地说，美国人的这种生活方式，已被许多发达国家的人民所仿效，导致了当前整个世界的最严重的问题。因此我不得不问：美国人是否善于与别国人民合作来防止人口过剩、资源枯竭、污染灾难和恣意浪费人类财富的行为?这一系列问题正是解决许多悬而未决的经济、社会和政治问题的基础。我们将拭目以待。知识点解析：暂无解析8、AirPollutionandtheImportanceofTreesAirpollutionisnotapopularsubject,whichiswhylittlenoticehasbeentakenofanEUjudgmentagainsttheUKonthesubject,butitdeservesfullattention:itshowshowmuchwecareabouttheenvironmentandourhealth.LondonhastheworstairqualityofanycapitalcityinEuropeandthereare12otherareasofBritainwithseriousairpollutionproblemslargelycausedbyvehicles.Aftersmokingitisthebiggestthreattohealth.Despitethis,thegovernmentplanstodelayintroducingmandatorycutstopollutantlevelsasrequiredbytheEuropeanCommission,andfaceslargefinesasaresult.IamfortunatetoliveinoneofthefewplacesinBritainwheretheairqualityissogoodrarelichenssurvivestillandthelightiscrystalclear;wheneverIvisitLondon,withinminutesmyeyesbecomeirritatedandmythroatsore,andIfeelpoisoned,whichofcourseIam,anditisextraordinarythatmillionsofpeopleinBritainandmostworldcitiesarebeingdamagedtosuchanextentthattheirlifeexpectancyisbeingreduceddaily.Theofficialconcernisoftheimpactofthesepollutantsonpublichealth,butmyconcernextendstoincludetheeffectonthebirds,insectsandmammalswhichshareourcitiestoo.Theyaresosmall,andsosuffersomuchmore.Itseemsthat,inordertocomplywiththelaw,thegovernmentisconsideringintroducinganationalzonesystemfromwhichtheworstpollutingvehicleswillbebanned.Itwillhelp,butcouldleadtothetrafficbeingdivertedtopollutethecountrysideinstead.Whydotheynotconsiderbanningpollutingvehiclesaltogether?Itwouldbesomucheasieraswellascleaner—butthenbusinesscirclewouldbeupset,andthatwouldneverdo.Wouldit?Itisrefreshingtohearofaquietbutverysignificantreportbyexpertswhichwillconfirmtheimportanceoftreesandforestsforthemaintenanceofessentialeco-systems,forfloodmanagement,reductionofcarbonemissions,wildlifebenefitsandpublicenjoyment.Thefindings,tobepublishedtoday,willassert,Ibelieve,thatthisfreebutimmenselyvaluableresourcehasbeenignoredandunderestimatedfortoolong,andthatthenumberofforestedareasinEnglandshouldbeincreasedby50percentoverthenextfewdecades,aswellasbeingheldintrustforthepeopleofBritainratherthanbeingsoldoffforprofitasonceintendedbygovernment.Itisgoodnews.However,themoneyissueonceagainwilldeterminetheoutcomeofthereport.Itisironicthatjustasthereiscriticismledbypoliticiansandthemediaaboutbankerstryingtomakeprofitoutofmarketmanipulation,thosesamepoliticiansaredrivenbyanintenttouseBritishresourcestomaximumfinancialbenefit,whatevertheymaybe,howevertreasuredandiconic.Theymaypaylipservicetorespectingourheritageandenvironment,butgiventhechoicebetweenmakingmoneybyfellingtimberingreatquantitiesandinvestingincaringforanddevelopingourwoodlands,profitusuallywillbethepreferredchoiceofaction.Itmaynotbeillegalasitisinthecaseofthebankers’activities,butformeitisjustasunethicalaswellasbeingveryshort-sighted.ThereportonEngland’sforestsdeservesfullattentionbutitwillbeovershadowedbybusinesstycoons’determinationtoreapagreaterprofit.Whatacontrastofvalueswehave.标准答案：空气污染及树木的重要性空气污染不是一个流行的议题。这就是为什么最近欧盟对英国的一项裁定案并未引起人们多少关注。但是这事值得我们关注：事关我们对环境和健康的重视程度。欧洲国家首都中，伦敦空气质量最差。由于交通原因，英国还有12个地方的空气污染也非常严重。空气污染已是继吸烟之后人类健康第二大杀手。尽管如此，英国政府还是未能遵循欧盟委员会的强制要求，并且计划延迟引入污染等级强制削减计划，最终面临巨额罚款。我很幸运：我住在英国少数几个污染并不严重的地区，这里空气质量尚佳、稀有菌类依旧可见、日间光线通透明亮。每每造访伦敦，双眼数分钟内即感不适、喉咙酸痛，有种被囚禁的感觉，事实上我也的确被囚禁了。英国及世界其他城市中数百万居民受到空气污染的威胁，他们的预期寿命日朘月减。政府担忧污染物会对公众健康产生不良影响。但更多的担忧集中在空气污染对和我们居住在一起的鸟类、昆虫和哺乳动物的影响。他们如此赢弱，却比人类承受更多。为遵循法律条款，政府似乎正在考虑引进全国区域系统——区域内对环境污染最为严重的机动车辆禁止行驶。这可能起点作用，但也可能导致车流涌向乡村，造成当地空气污染。为什么不考虑全面禁止排污严重的车辆行驶呢?这样就方便又清洁——可能商企界会为此不安，所以这做法永远无法实施。这做法可行吗?一则低调发布但却意义重大的专家报告让人为之欣慰。报告确认了植树造林对于维持生态系统、抗洪减排、野生动物保护及大众游憩等方面的重要性。我相信今天就要发布的报告结论将佐证人们长久以来忽视或低估了这种免费且价值巨大的资源，并将佐证森林面积应在接下来的数十年中增加百分之五十。为了民众，政府应保护森林，而非像之前的做法——砍伐树木获利。这不啻于一则鼓舞人心的好消息。然而，资金问题将再一次决定该报告的最终结果。讽刺的是，正如政客和媒体对银行试图通过市场操控获利的行为大肆批判一样，这些政客本身也想着动用本国资源，使其商业利益最大化——不管这些资源是什么，也不管它们是如何的珍贵或是带有地区标志性。他们可能动动嘴皮子说尊重我们的历史遗产和环境，但是在伐树获利和注资于发展林木之间，利益总是放在优先考虑的位置。银行家的行为或许不犯法，但是就我看来，其行为无德且短视。这份英国森林调查报告值得我们注意，但是与商界大佬决意追求利润的背景相形见绌。我们和他们的价值观差异可谓天壤之别!知识点解析：暂无解析二、汉译英(本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。)9、环境污染足以引起民众的忧虑，但人们正采取一系列积极有效的对应措施。标准答案：Environmentalpollution/contaminationisgreatcauseforpublicconcern,butpeopleareadoptingaseriesofeffectivemeasurestodealwith/copewiththeproblem.知识点解析：暂无解析10、一些发展中国家正致力于发展循环经济，大规模利用太阳能、风能等可再生清洁能源，普及发展生态交通、生态建筑和环保建材。标准答案：Somedevelopingcountries/economiesarecommittedto(pledgethemselvesto)arecyclingeconomy,exploiting/tappingsolarpower,windenergyandotherrenewableenergiesandpromotingeco-traffic,ecologicalconstructionandenvironment-friendlybuildingmaterials.知识点解析：暂无解析11、科学技术在促进人类进步的同时，也逐渐将人类推向了环境恶化的深渊，它到底是福还是祸呢?标准答案：Thoughsciencepromoteshumanprogress(ispushingforward/advancingthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies),italsopusheshumanbeingstotheabyssofenvironmentaldeterioration—isitablessingoracurse?知识点解析：暂无解析12、我们要下决心解决好关系群众切身利益的大气、水、土壤等突出环境污染问题，改善环境质量，维护人民健康。标准答案：Weshould/mustresolve(makeupourminds)tosolvetheproblemsofseriousair,waterandsoilpollutionthataffectthepeople’svitalinterests/wellbeing;improveenvironmentalquality,andprotect/safeguardpeople’shealth.知识点解析：暂无解析13、中国将使二氧化碳排放比十年前年下降60％一65％，非化石能源占一次能源消费(primaryenergyconsumption)比重达到20％左右。标准答案：Chinawillcut/reducecarbonemissionsby60%-65%comparedto/withtenyearsagoandincreasetheshareofnon-fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptiontoabout20%.知识点解析：暂无解析14、这家野生动物园内汇集着许多珍稀动物和濒危动物，其中就有中国特产的大熊猫和金丝猴(snub-nosedmonkey)等。标准答案：Thewildlifepark/safarihasmanyrareandendangeredanimals,includinggiantpandasandsnub-nosedmonkeysnativetoChina(,whichlive/existonlyinChina).知识点解析：暂无解析15、环境保护雾霾天气范围扩大，环境污染矛盾突出，是大自然向粗放发展方式亮起的红灯。必须加强生态环境保护，下决心用硬措施完成硬任务。我们要出重拳强化污染防治。以雾霾频发的特大城市和区域为重点，以细颗粒物和可吸入颗粒物治理为突破口，抓住产业结构、能源效率、尾气排放和扬尘等关键环节，健全政府、企业、公众共同参与新机制，实行区域联防联控，深入实施大气污染防治行动计划。今年要淘汰燃煤小锅炉5万台。实施清洁水行动计划，加强饮用水源保护，推进重点流域污染治理。实施土壤修复工程。推动能源生产和消费方式变革。加大节能减排力度，控制能源消费总量，今年能源消耗强度要降低3．9％以上。要提高非化石能源发电比重，发展智能电网，鼓励发展风能、太阳能，开工一批水电、核电项目。加强天然气、页岩气勘探开采与应用。强化节水、节材和资源综合利用。加快开发应用节能环保技术和产品，把节能环保产业打造成生机勃勃的朝阳产业。标准答案：EnvironmentalProtectionThehazethathasbeenhangingovermoreareasofChinaforlongerperiods,andtheproblemsofenvironmentalpollutionarebecomingmajorconcerns;theyarearedlightfromNaturewarningagainsttheextensiveeconomicgrowthmodel.Therefore,wemustforcefully/betterprotecttheecologicalenvironmentandbedeterminedtotakeresolutemeasurestoaccomplishthisdemandingmission.Toughmeasureswillbeadoptedtobetterpreventandcontrolpollution.Wewillfullyimplementtheplanforpreventingandcontrollingairpollution,withthefocusonmegacitiesandregionswithfrequentoccurrenceofsmog.WewillstartbyreducingPM10andPM2.5emissions,andfocusonthefollowingkeyareas:improvingtheindustrialstructure,raisingenergyefficiency,reducingvehicleexhaustemissions,andpreventingandmonitoringwind-bornedust.Wewillimprovethenewmechanisminvolvinggovernment,enterprisesandthegeneralpublic,coordinatepreventionandcontroleffortsinaffectedregions,andfullyimplementtheactionplanforpreventingandcontrollingairpollution.Specifically,50,000smallcoal-firedfurnacesshallbephasedoutthisyear.Wewillputinplaceanactionplanforcleanwaterbyvigorouslyprotectingthesourcesofdrinkingwater,andmovingaheadwiththetreatmentofpollutioninmajorrivervalleys.Wewillalsorestorepollutedland.Chinawillreform(themodesof)energyproductionandconsumption.Chinawillenhanceenergysavingsandlimitemissionstocontrolthetotalvolumeofenergyconsumption,soastoreduceenergyconsumptionbyover3.9%thisyear.Wewillincreasetheproportionofnon-fossil-fuel-generatedelectricity;developsmartelectricgrids;encouragethedevelopmentofwindandsolarpower,andlaunchanumberofhydroelectric-powerandnuclearpowerprojects.Wewillincreaseexploration,developmentandapplicationofnaturalgasandshalegas.Employingcleanmethodsofproduction,greenandlow-carbontechnologiesandarecyclingeconomywillbetterenableustocopewithachangingclimate.Conservingwaterandmaterialsandtheoverallbetteruseofresourcesshallbeourgoal.Wewillspeedupthedevelopmentanduseofenergy-efficientandenvironmentallyfriendlytechnologiesandproductsandturntheenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotectionindustriesintodynamicsunriseindustries.知识点解析：暂无解析16、环境恶化人类有史以来不断改变自然环境，以改善自己的生活方式。人类借助技术工具改变了地球的许多自然特征。他将林地和草原改造成为农田，使江河变成湖泊和水库，用于灌溉或用于水力发电。人类还通过给沼泽地排水、凿石劈山、修建公路和铁路等方式，改变了地球的面貌。然而，人类改变自然环境并不总是带来有益的结果。今天，空气和水的污染给地球的健康造成越来越严重的危害。每天机动车辆的排气管排出成千上万吨废气。工厂释放的烟雾污染了工业区和周围乡村的空气。水污染同样有害，海洋的整个生态平衡正在受到破坏，工业废水已使许多河流的生物死亡。现在，环境保护比以往任何时候都更为紧迫。我们知道，对环境的大规模破坏已经带来负面影响，甚至咄咄逼人地威胁到人类的生存。对这些问题漠不关心将意味着自我毁灭。标准答案：TheDeteriorationoftheEnvironmentThroughouthistory/Throughtheages,man/mankind/humanityhasbeenconsistentlychangingnature(haschangedhisphysicalenvironment)inordertoimprovehiswayoflife.Withthetools/instrumentsoftechnologyhehasalteredmanyphysicalfeaturesoftheearth.Hehastransformedwoodlands/forestsandprairiesintofarmsandmadelakesandreservoirsoutofriversforirrigationpurposesorhydroelectricpower(forirrigationandpowergeneration).