-tain-来自于-ten-tenere+to+hold,+to+stretch伸手抓住+讲解课件 高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

含有-tain-的词汇总结abstain,contain,detain,entertain,maitain,pertain,obtain,retain,sustaintenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")1.abstain/əbˈsteɪn/v.离开，回避withhold,keepback,keepoff；戒除，抑制hold(oneself)back,practiceabstinence,eepfreefromsinorvice;liveausterely,practiceabstinenceorasceticism;弃权，不投票refrainfromvotingab"off,awayfrom"(seeab-)+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")例句：Hesworeto

abstain

fromsmoking.他发誓要戒烟。

2.detain/dɪˈteɪn/v.拘留，扣押,耽搁，阻留

de"from,away"(seede-)+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")holdoff,keepback,toholdincustody,keeporrestrainfromproceeding例句：Policehave_____（detain）twosuspectsinconnectionwiththeattack.警方拘留了2名与该袭击事件有关的嫌疑人。detaineddetain的拓展词：detainer/dɪˈteɪnə(r)/n.onewhodetains挽留者detainee/ˌdiːteɪˈniː/n.未判决囚犯；被扣押者detainment/dɪˈteɪnmənt/n.扣留；延误；挽留actofdetainingdetention/dɪˈtenʃn/n.actofkeepingbackorwithholding拘留，关押；（作为惩罚的）课后留校

3.contain/kənˈteɪn/v.抓在一起，包含holdtogether

com

"with,together"(see

con-)+

tenere

"tohold"(fromPIEroot

*ten-

"tostretch").havesomethinginside,enclose,tohave(something)asaconstituentpart,"restrain(someone),control(oneself),behave(inacertainway).例句：Theenvelope________（contain）aChristmascard.Watermelon_________（contain）vitaminsandalsopotassium.西瓜含有维生素也有钾。contains/containedcontainscontain的派生词：container/kənˈteɪnə(r)/n.容器，货柜，集装箱containment/kənˈteɪnmənt/n.contain+-mentactionorfactofcontaining控制，抑制；（对他国力量的）遏制4.entertain/ˌentəˈteɪn/v.使有兴趣，使快乐,招待，请客；心存，怀有（想法、希望、感觉等）entre-"among"(fromLatininter;seeinter-)+tenir"tohold"(fromLatintenere,fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch").tokeepup,maintain,tokeep(someone)inacertainframeofmind,holdtogether,sticktogether,support,tohaveaguest,togratify,amuse.

例句：Theywere____________（entertain）bytopsingers,dancersandcelebrities.他们饶有兴趣地看了顶级歌手、舞蹈演员和名流们的演出。entertainedentertain的派生词：entertaining

/ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ/a.使人愉快的，娱乐性的entertainmentn.娱乐；招待entertainern.表演者5.maintain/meɪnˈteɪn/v.保持,维持from

manu,ablativeof

manus

“hand”(fromPIEroot

*man-

(2)“hand”)+

tenere

“tohold”(fromPIEroot

*ten-

“tostretch”).holdinhand，tosupport,uphold,aid，holdinanexistingstateorcondition,keepinexistenceorcontinuance,tocarryon,keepup.maintain的派生词：maintainable/meɪnˈteɪnəbl/a.可维持的；可主张的；可维修的maintenance/ˈmeɪntənəns/n.维护，维修；保持；生活费用maintainer/meɪnˈteɪnə(r)/n.维修工；保持器

6.pertain/pəˈteɪn/v.适合，关于，适用

Ifonething

pertains

to

another,itrelates,belongs,orappliestoit.与…相关;属于;适于fromper"through"(fromPIEroot*per-(1)"forward,"hence"through")+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")."tobelongtoasapossessionoranadjunct;belongtoasone'scareorconcern,"also"havereferenceto.“例句：Thecriteriawillbedifferentfromthosethatpertainelsewhere.这里的标准将不同于其他地方适用的标准。pertain的派生词：appertain/ˌæpəˈteɪn/v.属于；和……有关；适合，适用belongaspartstothewhole,orasmemberstoafamilyorclass;pertinent/ˈpɜːtɪnənt/a.切题的，相关的pertinency/ˈpɜːrtnənsi/n.相关性，有关性；适切，妥当

7.obtain/əbˈteɪn/v.（尤指通过艰难的过程）得到，获得

fromob"infrontof"(thoughperhapsintensiveinthiscase;seeob-)+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")例句：Underageyouthscanobtainalcoholfromtheirolderfriends.未到法定年龄的孩子可以从他们年长的朋友那里得到酒。obtain的派生词：obtainable/əbˈteɪnəb(ə)l/

a.reobtainv.重新获得：再次获得或恢复失去的东西。*（re-again再一次,obtain）

8.retain/rɪˈteɪn/v.

保持，保留

continuekeepingof,keeppossessionof,keepattachedtoone'sperson.例句：Theinterioroftheshopstill______（retain）anineteenth-centuryatmosphere.retainsretain的派生词：retainer/rɪˈteɪnə(r)/n.保持器；家臣dependentorfollowerofaperson；保持者；[机]护圈；预付费用retinue/ˈretɪnjuː/n.随行人员；扈从abodyofretainers,anumberorcompanyofpersonsretainedintheserviceofsomeone;retentive/rɪˈtentɪv/a.保持的；记性好的Lukehadanamazinglyretentivememory.卢克记忆力惊人。

9.sustain/səˈsteɪn/v.保持；维持……的生命

例句：Thecashdividendstheygetfromthecashcropwouldsustainthemduringtheleanseason.他们从经济作物中得到的那些现金红利能支撑他们度过歉收季节。Whic