考研英语阅读模拟228

［模拟］考研英语阅读模拟228

多项选择

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,but

theirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearanceweredetermined

bytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers-using

nonscientificmodesofthought.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjects

thatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbal

descriptions；theyaredealtwithinthemindbyavisual,nonverbal

process.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennonverbal

thinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthe

details,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,but

becausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem.

Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist，smindcanbe

seeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigninga

dieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbal

thinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseof

rightnessandfitness.Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?

Whereshouldbethevalvesplayed?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?

Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,by

physicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastby

asenseofform.Somedecisions,suchaswallthicknessandpin

diameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientific

componentofdesignremainsprimary.

Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementin

engineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanismin

engineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestockintradeofthe

artist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedto

entail“hardthinking”，nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitive

stageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveprocessesandinferiortoverbal

ormathematicalthought.Butitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffofthe

HistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeof

machinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistorical

recordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththe

requisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudents

attendingarchitecturalschools.

Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineering

curriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem

solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostly

errorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,early

modelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrols

wereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowsintothe

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electricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrol

systemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations；theyareareflectionofthe

chaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaproblemin

mathematics.

artisan(n.)手艺人，工匠

unambiguous(adj.)不含糊的，清楚的

verbal(adj.)词语的，言语的

byandlarge总的来说，大体上

geometry(n.)几何学

thermodynamics(n.)热力学

artifact(n.)人工制品

intuitive(adj.)直觉的，直观的

entail(v.)必须，使承担

paradoxical(adj.)自相矛盾的

isometric(adj.)等距画法，等比例的

absurd(adj.)荒诞的，可笑的

aberration(n.)过失

第1题：

Inthepane,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith

A.identifyingthekindsofthinkingthatareusedbytechnologists

B.stressingtheimportanceofnonverbalthinkinginengineering

design

C.proposinganewrolefornonscientificthinkinginthedevelopment

oftechnology

D.criticizingengineeringschoolsforemphasizingsciencein

engineeringcurricula

参考答案：B

答案解析：

本文主要论述非言语思考在工程设计中的重要性。第一段：在西方科技发展中，

非言语思考在确定整体构思和细节填充方面起着重要作用。第二段：举例说明

技术人员创造性的构型设计在几乎所有产品中都有体现。第三段：设计课应成

为工程学课程的基础课，第四、五段：缺少设计课，可能会导致犯下愚蠢的错

误，造成巨大损失。[B]主旨题。第一段中，作者指出非言语

思考在工程设计中的重要性，第二、三、四段具体阐述了非言语思考在创造性外

形设计过程中的关键作用。

第2题：

Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorthinksengineeringcurriculaare

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A.strengthenedwhentheyincludecoursesindesign

B.strongbecausenonverbalthinkingisstillemphasizedbymostof

thecourse

C.strongdespitetheerrorsthatgraduatesofsuchcurriculahavemade

inthedevelopmentofautomaticcontrolsystems

D.strongdespitetheabsenceofnonscientificmodesofthinking

参考答案：A

答案解析：

［A］推断题。根据第三段第一句和最后一句可得出答案。作者指出设计课应成为

工程学课程的基础课，但具有讽刺意味的是在绘制一些机器和工业进程的等比例

图纸时，有能力做这项工作的是学建筑的学生而不是学工程的。由此可推出，如

包含设计课，那么工程学课程就会得到加强。故选［A］。

第3题：

Themainpointofthefirsttwoparagraphscanbestbeillustratedas

A.whenamachinelikearotaryenginemalfunctions,itisthe

technologistwhoisbestequippedtorepairit

B.atelephoneisacomplexinstrumentdesignedbytechnologistsusing

onlynonverbalthought

C.thedesignerofanewrefrigeratorshouldconsiderthedesignsof

otherrefrigeratorsbeforedecidingonitsfinalform

D.thedistinctivefeaturesofasuspensionbridgereflectits

designer，sconceptualizationaswellasthephysicalrequirementsofits

site

参考答案：D

答案解析：

［D］推断题。第一、二段主要论述非言语思考在工程设计中的重要性，尤其是在

创造性的构型设计中。因此选［D］。

第4题：

Theexampleoftheearlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsisusedto

A.weakenthepointthatmathisanecessarypartofthestudyofdesign

B.supporttheideathaterrorsinmodernengineeringsystemsare

likelytoincrease

C.illustratethetopicthatcoursesindesignarethemosteffective

costreducingmeans

D.exemplifythethesisthatinadequateattentiontononscientific

designmayresultinpoordesign

参考答案：D

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答案解析：

：D］细节题。第四段中指出如果不安排设计课，将会在先进的工程系统中犯下愚

蠢的错误,造成巨大损失，接着就举了高速铁路机车的例子来具体说明。故选［D］。

第5题：

Theauthorseemstobeinagreementofwhichofthefollowing?

A.Mathematicalthinkingisessentialtoanydesigncourse.

B.Nonverbalthinkinghasitsadvantageoverotherperceptive

processes.

C.Engineeringdesigndemandsscientificthought.

D.Artistsplayaprimitiveroleinengineeringwork.

参考答案：B

答案解析：

［B］推断题。综观全文，作者主要论述非言语思考在工程设计中的重要性，及其

不可被其他思维方式替代的特点。由此选［B］。

SomerecenthistorianshavearguedthatlifeintheBritishcolonies

inAmericafromapproximately1763to1789wasmarkedbyinternal

conflictsamongcolonists.Inheritorsofsomeoftheviewpointsofearly

twentieth-centuryProgressivehistorianssuchasBeardandBecker,these

recenthistorianshaveputforwardargumentsthatdeserveevaluation.

Thekindofconflictmostemphasizedbythesehistoriansis

classconflict.YetwiththeRevolutionarywardominatingtheseyears,how

doesonedistinguishclassconflictwithinthatlargerconflict?

Certainlynotbythesideapersonsupported.Althoughmanyofthese

historianshaveacceptedtheearlierassumptionthatLoyalists

representedanupperclass,newevidenceindicatesthatLoyalists,like

rebels,weredrawnfromallsocioeconomicclasses.(Itisnonetheless

probablytruethatalargerpercentageofthewell-to-dojoinedthe

Loyaliststhantherebels).Lookingattherebelside,wefindlittle

evidenceforthecontentionthatlower-classrebelswereinconflictwith

upper-classrebels.Indeed,thewareffortagainstBritaintendedto

suppressclassconflicts.Whereitdidnot,thedisputingrebelsofoneor

anotherclassusuallybecameLoyalists.Loyaliststhusoperatedasa

safetyvalvetoremovesocioeconomicdiscontentthatexistedamongthe

rebels.Disputesoccurred,ofcourse,amongthosewhoremainedontherebel

side,buttheextraordinarysocialmobilityofeighteenth-century

Americansociety(withtheobviousexceptionofslaves)usuallyprevented

suchdisputesfromhardeningalongclasslines.Socialstructurewasin

factsofluid一thoughrecentstatisticssuggestanarrowingofeconomic

opportunityasthelatterhalfofthecenturyprogressed一thattotalk

aboutsocialclassesatallrequirestheuseoflooseeconomiccategories

suchasrich,poor,andmiddleclass,oreighteenth-centurydesignations

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like“thebettersort”.Despitethesevaguecategories,oneshouldnotclaim

unequivocallythathostilitybetweenrecognizableclassescannotbe

legitimatelyobserved.OutsideofNewYork,however,therewereveryfew

instancesofopenlyexpressedclassantagonism.

Havingsaidthis,however,onemustandthatthereismuch

evidencetosupportthefurtherclaimofrecenthistoriansthatsectional

conflictswerecommonbetween1763and1789.The“Paxtonboys”incident

andtheRegulatorMovementarerepresentativeexamplesofthe

widespread,andjustified,discontentofwesternsettlersagainstcolonial

orstategovernmentsdominatedbyeasterninterests.Althoughundertones

ofclassconflictexistedbeneathsuchhostility,theoppositionwas

primarilygeographical.Sectionalconflict—whichalsoexistedbetween

NorthandSouth一deservesfurtherinvestigation.

Insummary,historiansmustbecarefulaboutthekindofconflict

theyemphasizeineighteenth-centuryAmerica.Yetthosewhostressthe

achievementofageneralconsensusamongthecolonistscannotfully

understandthatconsensuswithoutunderstandingtheconflictsthathad

tobeovercomeorrepressedinordertoreachit.

inheritor(n.)继承人，后继者Loyalist(n.)反对独立者

rebel(n.)造反者，叛乱者

contention(n.)争夺，争论valve(n.)阀

discontent(n.)不满

vaguecategories含糊的范畴unequivocally(ad.)不含糊地

legitimately(ad.)合法地，合理地

antagonism(n.)对抗性undertone(n.)低音，小声

consensus(n.)一致同意

第6题：

Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.ToshowusthemajorconflictinAmericawastheclassconflict.

B.Toshowushowtodistinguishtheclassconflicts.

C.TotellusweshouldbecarefulabouttheconflictsinAmerica.

D.Totellusweshouldbecarefulwhenweidentifytheconflictsin

America.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

本文主要介绍了对18世纪美国冲突的新的研究结果。第一段：近来的一些历史

学家提出了有关英国殖民者在美洲殖民地的内部冲突的新观点。第二段：历史

学家们主要强调的是阶级冲突。第三段：历史学家们认为1763-1789年间地区

冲突频繁。第四段：历史学家们应该仔细认定18世纪美国的冲突形式。

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[D]主旨题。本文的写作目的是我们要正确理解早期的美国冲突。

第7题：

WhatistrueabouttheLoyalistsandtherebels?

A.Loyalistscamefromupperclass.

B.Rebelscamefromlowerclass.

C.MorerichpeoplejoinedtheLoyaliststhantherebels.

D.MorerichpeoplejoinedtherebelsthantheLoyalists.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

[C]细节题。见第二段第三句“不过很可能的是，比起反叛者来说，更多的有钱

人加入了反对独立者派别。”

第8题：

Theword“contention”(Line7,Pare.2)probablymeans?

A.fact

B.argumentation

C.purpose

D.competition

参考答案：B

答案解析：

[B]推断题。见第二段第四句“从反叛者一方看来，我们很难发现有关下层反叛

者与上层反叛者有冲突的争论。”

第9题：

Sectionalconflictswere.

A.theconflictsbetweenEastandWest

B.theconflictsbetweenNorthandSouth

C.generallygeographical

D.theconflictsbetweenLoyalistsandrebels

参考答案：c

答案解析：

[C]推断题。见第三段最后两句。“尽管在这种敌对态度下存有一定的阶级冲突,

不过敌视大多是分区域性的。地域性的冲突在南方和北方之间也存在，很值得研

究。”

第10题：

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.RevolutionaryWarsuppressedtheclassconflicts.

B.Beckerisoneoftheearlytwentiethcenturyhistorians.

C.Socialmobilitymadetheclassclassificationunclear.

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D.Beardisaninheritoroftheopinionsoftheearlytwentiethcentury

historians.

参考答案：D

答案解析・

[D]细节题。见第一段第二句。

Afewcommonmisconceptions.Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One，sphysical

assetsandliabilitiesdon，tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer.

Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.

Overthelast30years,socialscientistshaveconductedmore

than1,000studiesofhowwereacttobeautifulandnot-so-beautiful

people.Thevirtuallyunanimousconclusion：Looksdomatter,morethan

mostofusrealize.Thedatasuggest,forexample,thatphysically

attractiveindividualsaremorelikelytobetreatedwellbytheir

parents,soughtoutasfriends,andpursuedromantically.Withthepossible

exceptionofwomenseekingmanagerialjobs,theyarealsomorelikelyto

behired,paidwell,andpromoted.

Un-American,yousay,unfairandextremelyunbelievable?Once

again,thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpietieswhileactingjust

thecontrary.Theirtypicalexperimentworkssomethinglikethis.They

giveeachmemberofagroup一collegestudents,perhaps,orteachersor

corporatepersonnelmangers一apieceofpaperrelatinganindividual's

accomplishments.Attachedtothepaperisaphotograph.Whilethepapers

allsayexactlythesamethingthepicturesaredifferent.Someshowa

strikinglyattractiveperson,someanaverage-lookingcharacter,andsome

anunusuallyunattractivehumanbeing.Groupmembersareaskedtorate

theindividualoncertainattributes,anythingfrompersonalwarmthto

thelikelihoodthatheorshewillbepromoted.

Almostinvariably,thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,

thehigherthepersonisrated；inthephrase,borrowedfromSappho,

thatthesocialscientistsusetosumupthecommonperception,whatis

beautifulisgood.

Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,and

deeperthanformen.AUtahStateUniversityprofessor,whoisanauthority

onthesubject,explains:Intermsoftheircareers,theimpactofphysical

attractivenessonmalesinonlymodest.Butitspotentialimpacton

femalescanbetremendous,makingiteasier,forexample,forthemore

attractivetogetjobswheretheyareinthepubliceye.Onanothernote,

though,thereisenoughliteraturenowforustoconcludethatattractive

womenwhoaspiretomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomen

whomaybelessattractive.

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第11题：

Whatdoesthephrase"lookherbest”(Para.l)mean?

A.Makeherselfthemostbeautiful.

B.Putonherbestclothing.

C.Makethebestclothingforherself.

D.Takegoodcareofherbestclothing.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

短语“lookherbest"（第一段）的意思是什么？［A］使她自己最漂亮。

［B］穿上她最好的衣服。［C］为她自己做最好的衣服。［D］保管好她最好

的衣服。［答案］A这是一道词义题。题干中的信号词出自于文章第一段最后

一句话中。文章第一段指出：一名女性应该努力始终使自己看起来最漂亮；社会

科学家进行了一千多次研究，所得的结果完全一致一-外表的确重要，超出了我

们大多数人的想象。这说明：该短语的意思应该是“使自己看起来最漂亮”。A

项中说“makeherselfthemostbeautiful”，这与文章的意思相符。B项、C

项和D项三项之意都与文章的意思不符。

第12题:

Theresultofresearchcarriedoutbysocialscientistsshowthat

A.peopledonotrealizetheimportanceoflookingone，sbest.

B.womeninpursuitofmanagerialjobsarenotlikelytobepaidwell.

C.good-lookingwomenaspiretomanagerialpositions.

D.attractivepeoplegenerallyhaveanadvantageoverthosewhoare

not.

参考答案：D

答案解析：

社会科学家所做的研究结果显示：［A］人们没有意识到使自己看起来最漂

亮的重要性。［B］追求管理职位的女性不可能得到高报酬。［C］

漂亮的女性追求管理职位。［D］吸引人者通常比那些不吸引人者有优势。

［答案］D这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为"socialscientists",出自于

文章第二段第一句话中。文章第二段指出：过去三十年，社会科学家进行了一千

多次研究，所得的结果完全一致-一外表的确重要；数据显示，身体条件吸引人

的人更可能受到其父母的善待，更可能被他人当作朋友，更可能受到他人的浪漫

追求；可能除了那些寻求管理职务的女性外，外表漂亮的女性也更可能被聘用、

得高薪，更可能得到提升。这说明:研究结果显示，外表吸引人的人往往有优势。

D项中说aattractivepeoplegenerallyhaveanadvantageoverthosewho

arenot”，这与文章的意思相符。A项之意明显与文章的意思不符；文中是说

“可能除了那些寻求管理职务的女性外，外表漂亮的女性也更可能被聘用、得高

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薪，更可能得到提升”,并没有说追求管理职位的女性不可能得到高报酬，所以

B项之意不对；文中没有提到C项之意。

第13题：

Experimentsbyscientistshaveshownthatwhenpeopleevaluate

individualsoncertainattributes

A.theyobservetheprinciplethatbeautyisonlyskin-deep.

B.theydonotusuallyactaccordingtotheviewstheysupport.

C.theygiveordinary-lookingpersonsthelowestratings.

D.theytendtobasetheirjudgmentontheindividual's

accomplishments.

参考答案：B

答案解析：

科学家所做的实验表明：当人们根据某些特性评估一个人时，［A］他们奉

行“美丽只是表面的"原则。［B］他们通常不按照他们所持的观点行事。

［C］他们给相貌平平者的评价最低。［D］他们往往根据一个人的成就来

判断一个人。［答案］B这是一道细节题。题干中的信号词为“evaluate

individualsoncertainattributesw,出自于文章第三段最后一句话中。文

章第三、四段指出:科学家发现，我们说的是一套而做的是另一套；他们给一组

人中的每名成员一份有关某个人成就的报告及一张照片；报告所说的内容完全相

同，但是照片却不同；小组成员被要求根据某些特征评估照片上的人；结果几乎

总是一样，照片上的人越漂亮，他得到的评估就越好。这说明：人们根据某些特

性评估一个人时，他们往往说的是一套做的又是一套。B项中说"theydonot

usuallyactaccordingtotheviewstheysupportv,这与文章的意思相符。

A项和D项两项之意明显与文章的意思不符；文中只是说“被评估的人越漂亮，

得到的评估就越好”，并没有说相貌平平者的评价最低，所以C项之意不对。

第14题：

“Goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen(Pam.5)meansthat

A.attractivewomenhavetremendouspotentialimpactonpublicjobs.

B.good-lookingwomenalwaysgetthebestofeverything.

C.beingattractiveisnotalwaysanadvantageforwomen.

D.attractivewomendonotdoaswellasunattractivewomenin

managerialpositions.

参考答案：C

答案解析：

"Goodlookscutbothwaysforwomenv(第五段)的意思是［A］吸

引人的女性对公共职位有巨大的潜在影响。［B］漂亮的女性总是得到最

好的东西。［C］对于女性来说，吸引人并不总是优势。［D］在管

理职位上，吸引人的女性没有不吸引人的女性表现好。［答案］C这是一道

词义题。题干中的信号词为出自于文章最后一段第一句话中。文章最后一段指出：

在商界，漂亮的外表对男女双方都有害，而且对女性更有害；一位权威人士解释

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说，就其职业而言，相貌出众对男性的影响适中，但对女性的潜在影响则可能巨

大；另一种解释说，我们现在有足够的文献资料可以得出结论--那些追求管理

职位的漂亮女性没有那些不怎么漂亮的女性成功。这说明：该句话的意思应该是

“漂亮对女性不一定总有优势”。C项中说“beingattractiveisnotalways

anadvantageforwomen”，这与文章的意思相符。文中没有提到A项之意；B

项之意与文章的意思相反；文中是说“那些追求管理职位的漂亮女性没有那些不

怎么漂亮的女性成功”，并没有说在管理职位上的漂亮女性没有不漂亮的女性表

现好，所以D项之意不对。

第15题：

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinthebusinessworld

A.handsomemenarenotaffectedasmuchbytheirlooksasattractive

womenare.

B.physicallyattractivewomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallydo

quitewell.

C.physicallyattractivemenandwomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusually

getalongquitewell.

D.goodlooksareimportantforwomenastheyareformen.

参考答案：A

答案解析：

根据本文，可以推知：在商界，［A］英俊的男性所受的影响不如吸引人的

女性所受的影响大。［B］公众认为，身体条件吸引人的女性总是表现得非

常好。［C］公众认为，身体条件吸引人的男性和女性通常相处得非常好。

［D］漂亮的外表对于女性和男性来说同等重要。［答案］A这是一道推论题。

题干中的信号词为“inthebusinessworld”，出自于文章最后一段第一句话

中。文章最后一段指出：在商界，漂亮的外表对男女双方都有害，而且对女性更

有害；一位权威人士解释说，就其职业而言，相貌出众对男性的影响适中，但对

女性的潜在影响则可能巨大。这说明：在商界，英俊的男性所受的影响比漂亮的

女性所受的影响小。A项中说handsomemenarenotaffectedasmuchbytheir

looksasattractivewomenare”，这一推论结果与文章的意思相符。B项之

意与文章最后一段最后一句话的意思不符；文中没有提到C项之意；D项之意与

文章的意思相反。

Thereare^alarming^delaysinAthens，preparationsforthe2004Games,

accordingtoanIOCinspectorwhosaysconstantpressureisneededfor

Greecetobereadyontime.

DenisOswaldsaidFridayattheendofathree-dayInternational

OlympicCommitteevisitthatconstructionofvenues,accommodations,

roadsandtransportprojectsallareseriouslybehindschedule.Itwas

hisfirstvisitasheadoftheIOCcommitteecoordinatingAthens，

preparations.

HesaidPremierCostasSimitis，governmentonlybeganpressing

aheadwithlong-stalledprojectsafterbeingpubliclypressured.Echoing

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awarninglastyearbyformerIOCpresidentJuanAntonioSamaranch,Oswald

saidareportdraftedbyoneofhisexpertsinAugustshowedthesituation

inAthenswasdire.

“Whatpromptedthemtomakeanumberofdecisionsthelastweek,

orthelasttwoweeks,vOswaldtoldTheAssociatedPress,“wasduetoa

kindofpreliminaryreportofthesituationatthattime,whichwasrather

alarming.”

Governmentofficialsthenrealizedtheproblems,“andthey

wantedtopresentabetterpicturenow,andit'swhyanumberofdecisions

havebeenmade,“Oswaldsaid.

Athenshasbeenplaguedbydelayssinceitwasawardedthe

Olympicsin1997,anditsfailuretobuildanythingforcedSamaranchto

warnGreecethegameswereindanger.Tomakeupforlosttime,Simitis

broughtbackAthensbid-leaderGiannaAngelopoulos-Daskalakiand

personallytookcontrolofpreparations.

Thegovernment,however,tookastop-and-goapproach,working

hardwhenanIOCteamwasabouttoinspectanddoinglittlewhenitwas

away."Itstillworktoputthatpressure,butobviouslywecannotcome

everyweek....Theeffectwoulddisappearifwewouldcometoooften,”

Oswaldsaid.HesaidthelatestreviewofAthensrenewedconcernsabout

whether“dozensofconstructionprojectscanbedeliveredbythefinal

deadlines.”

Thecancellationofsomekeyinfrastructureprojects一

includingaroadconnectingthemainOlympicsportscomplextothe

athletes'village—hasfurtherdeterioratedthesituation."TheIOCis

focusedonthefundamentalneedsoftheathletes,sowecannotstress

enoughtheimportanceofprovingthemwithproperfacilitiesandaccess

tothem,“Oswaldsaid.

注释

inspector监察员，视察员IOC国际奥委会

venue集会场accommodation设备

coordinate协调preliminary初步的

plague使苦恼cancellation取消

deteriorate使恶化

第16题：

GovernmentofficialsofAthensmadeanumberofdecisions.

A.afterDenisOswaldblamedthem

B.inordertomakethesituationseeminglybetter

C.fortheinterestsoftheathletes

D.becausetheyrealizedtheproblemsthemselves

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参考答案：B

答案解析：

B这是一道细节题。从“whatpromptedthemtomakeanumberofdecisions

thelastweek,orthelasttwoweeksv...wasdueto“akindofpreliminary

reportofthesituationatthattime”可见是这个报告使他们做出决定的，

而非Oswald的指责或是他们自己意识到问题的严重性，A与D不对，正确答案

为B,在文中“theywantedtopresentabetterpicturenow...”可表明。

第17题：

Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.OswaldisthefirsthighofficialtoblameAthens，delaysin

preparationsforthe2004Games

B.thisvisitis0swarld，sfirstvisittoAthensinhislifetime

C.therehasbeenaprogramabouttheconstructionforOlympics

D.Athenshasbeenbotheredbydelayssincethereportwasmade

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C文中“EchoingawarninglastyearbyformerIOCpresidentJuanAntonio

Samaranch,Oswaldsaid.”可见萨马兰奇也对雅典提出过警告，因此A不对。

第二段中有“ItwashisfirstvisitasheadofIOCcommitteecoordinating

Athens5preparations.”但并不能说明他是第一次来雅典，所以B也不对，文

中有“AthenshasbeenplaguedbydelayssinceitwasawardedtheOlympics

in1997.”所以D错误。C为正确答案，参见第二段中第一句“constructionof

venues,accommodations,roads,andtransportprojectsallareseriously

behindschedule.可见原本是有计划的。

第18题：

Inthefirstsentenceofthelastparagraph,whatisthemostpossible

meaningof“deteriorate”?

A.Imporove

B.Show

C.Demonstrate

D.Makeworse

参考答案：D

答案解析：

D前文讲的都是雅典的准备不力，这里又提到一些基础建设的计划也被砍掉了，

因此只能使情况变得更糟，应为D.makeworseo

第19题：

AfterSamaranchmadehiswarninglastyear,.

A.IOCinspectorshavebeencomingfrequentlytoGreece

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B.greatchangeshavetakenplaceinGreece

C.theGreekgovernmenthasnotbeengivenprioritytopreparations

fortheOlympics

D.greecehasbeendeprivedoftherightofholdingtheOlympics

参考答案：C

答案解析：

C选项A,奥委会监察员经常来希腊，从文中看不出来。文中uThegovernment,

however,tookastop-and-goapproach…”表明在萨马兰奇警告之后，希腊

仍