黄石市重点中学2023-2024学年英语八下期末达标检测试题含答案

黄石市重点中学2023-2024学年英语八下期末达标检测试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、―MustIreturnthebookthisweek?―No,you_________.Youcan________itfor15days.A.needn’t;keep B.needn’t;borrow C.mustn’t;keep D.mustn’t;lend2、—Ihaven’tseenyourEnglishteacher.Whereisshe?—It’ssaidshe________Englandforfurtherstudyforhalfanyear.A.hasbeenin B.hasbeento C.hasgoneto D.hascometo3、LiuFengjun,thefinalassemblyinspector(总装检验员)ofShenzhouVI,islikeascanner.Hecheckseverystepagainandagain.Inhisopinion,qualitycheckissomethingveryimportant.Justasthesayinggoes,“_________”A.Everydoghasitsday. B.Don’tputalltheeggsinonebasket.C.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed. D.Youcan’tbetoocareful.4、—Thisis________usefulbook,Ithink.—Soitis,andit’s________unusualone.A.an;不填 B.an;an C.a;an D.不填;a5、—Amy,I’mverysorrythatIbrokeyourmodelshipjustnow.—________.Don’tworry.A.Notbad B.It’snotagoodideaC.Notbadly D.It’snotabigdeal6、—Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanopinion?—________A.YangzhouisinthemiddleofJiangsuProvince.B.ManychangeshavetakenplaceinYangzhou.C.Therewasonceasteelfactoryneartheriver.D.Ifeelhappytoliveinsuchabeautifulcity.7、There________ariverinfrontofthehouse,butnowthegovernmenthasturneditintofarmland.A.usedtobe B.usedtohave C.isusedtobe D.isusedtohave8、Icalledyouseveraltimes,butyoudidn’t________.A.setup B.stayup C.fixup D.pickup9、________wonderfulmusiclessonMrs.Greengaveusthismorning!A.What B.How C.Whata D.Howa10、—Ialwaysforgetsomethingeasily.Ihopeyoucan________meabouttheschoolmeetingonMonday.—OK,noproblem.A.explain B.remind C.introduce二、完形填空（10分）11、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有2个多余选项。myself,hospital,happy,school,die,doctors,or,teacher,mindHappinesscomesfromwhatyoubelieve!HeregoesastoryofJack,afriendofmine.Heisavery___1___man.OnedayIaskedhim,“Howdoyoukeephappyeveryday?”Heanswered,“EverymorningIwakeupandsayto___2___,‘Jack,youhavetwochoicestoday.Youcanchoosetobehappy___3___youcanchoosetobeunhappy.’Ichosetobehappy.”Severalyearslater,Iheardthathefelloffabuilding,andIwenttothe___4___toseehim.Iaskedhimwhathethoughtwhentheaccidenthappened.“Thefirstthingthatappearedinmy___5___wasmylittledaughter,”Jackanswered,“Then,IrememberedthatIhadtwochoices:IcouldchoosetoliveorIcouldchooseto___6___.Ichosetolive.”Doctorsandnurseswereallaroundhim.Theoperationwentwellwithhim.Jackislivinghappilynow,thankstothenurses,the___7___andalsohisbelief.Ihavelearnedfromhimthateverydaywehaveachoiceabouthowwelive.Belief,afterall,iseverything!三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、38.Whodon’tloveclotheswithmany________(口袋).pockets【解析】【详解】句意：谁不喜欢口袋多的衣服。根据汉语提示可知，此空应填pocket“口袋”，因为many后加可数名词复数，所以此空应填pocket的复数形式，故填pockets。13、longest,the,what’s,inChina,river_________________________________________?14、help,Jenny,will,housework,with____________________________________.15、on,got,hit,he,hishead___________________________________.16、我们日常生活中的礼仪____________________四、阅读理解（40分）17、Whenpeopleeat,westernpeopleareusedtousingknivesandforks,butChinesepeopleareusedtousingchopsticks.Morethan3000yearsago,Chinesepeopleatewithchopsticks.Whoinventedthechopsticks?Longago,Chinesepeopleusedtoeatwiththeirhands.InShangDynasty,thelastking,Zhouwascruel.Healwayskilledpeoplebecausethefoodwastoohotortoocold.Itmadepeopleafraidtoservehim.HisfavoriteDajiwasalsoafraid.OnedayDajiservedKingZhouhismeal.Whenshetriedthedishfortheking,shefoundthatitwastoohot.Dajifeltverynervousbecausethekingwouldbeangry.Suddenlyshehadanideaandsheusedtwopiecesofherlonghairpins（发簪）toputthefoodtotheking’smouth.TheKingZhoufounditsointerestingtoeatwithtwolongsticksthatheforgothowhotthefoodwas.Afterthat,Dajithoughtitwasagoodwaytosolvethisproblemandaskedpeopletomaketwolong-thingoldsticks.Peoplefounditbettertoeatwithsticksthanwiththeirhands.Buttheyweretoopoortoaffordthegoldsticks.Thentheyfoundbamboowasgoodmaterialtomakechopsticks.Sincethen,peoplehaveinventedchopsticks.1.HowlonghaveChinesepeopleusedchopstickstoeat?A.Over800years. B.Over1000years. C.Over2000years. D.Over3000years.2.WhywerepeopleafraidtoserveKingZhou?A.BecauseDajiaskedhimtokillthem.B.BecauseKingZhoualwaysbeatthem.C.Becausehelikedeatingwiththeirhands.D.KingZhoualwayskilledpeoplebecauseofthefood.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cruel”inParagraph2meaninChinese?A.残酷的 B.仁慈的 C.精明的 D.富裕的4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDaji?A.Crazy. B.Smart. C.Careless. D.Impolite.5.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Daji’sHairpin B.TwoGoldSticksC.TheInventionofChopsticks D.TheFunctionofChopsticks18、Feelinghot?SoisEarth.Becauseofproblemslikeclimatechangeandbadwaysoffarming,muchoftheplanet’slandisdryingup.Whatcanwedotosolvethisproblem?OnethingtheUnitedNationsdidwastocreateaholiday.In1994,theUNstartedWorldDaytoCombatDesertificationandDrought(世界防治荒漠化和干旱日),toletmorepeopleknowaboutdesertification.ItisonJune17everyyear.Desertificationhappenswhenhealthyland—landfullofwaterandnutrients(营养)—becomesdesert,whichisdryandunhealthy.Everyyear,20,000to50,000squarekilometersofEarth’slandislosttodesertification.InAfrica,scientistsexpectthattwothirdsofAfrica’shealthylandwillbelostby2025.Desertificationsometimeshappensbecauseofclimatechange,asbig,fastchangesintemperaturecankillplantsandtrees.However,italsohappensbecausepeopleuselandtoomuch,andinbadways,togrowfoodontheirfarms.Growingtoomanyplantsinthesamesoil,intooshortatime,cantakeawaythesoil’snutrientsfasterthanthesoilcanmakenewones.Thatcanturnthesoilintodrysand,likeadesert.TheUNsuggestssomedifferentactionstostopdesertification.Oneistoteachpeoplebetterwaysoffarming,includingtheuseofbetterfertilizers(肥料).Anotherisreforestationwhichmeansplantingmoretrees.OnecountrythathasdonealotofthatisChina.TodayChinahas61millionhectaresofreforestedland—morethananywhereelseintheworld.1.Whatislandlikeifdesertificationhappens?A.Itisfullofwater. B.Ithasmorenutrients.C.Itisdryandunhealthy. D.Itissuitabletoliveon.2.WhatdoscientistspredictaboutAfricain2025?A.GrowingplantswillhelpAfricahavemorehealthyland.B.MostofAfrica’shealthylandwillgetdryandunhealthy.C.Africawillhaveabout50,000squarekilometersofhealthyland.D.Africawillhaveabout20,000squarekilometersofdesertification.3.Whyisn’titgoodtogrowtoomanyplantsinthesamesoil?A.Becauseitcanchangetheclimatefaster.B.Becauseitcanchangeplantsintobadsoil.C.Becauseitcanchangehealthylandintoforests.D.Becauseitcantakeawaythesoil’snutrientsfaster.4.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotcausedesertification?A.Reforestation. B.Usinglandtoomuch.C.Usingpoorfertilizers. D.Climatechange.5.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Thecausesofdesertification. B.Theimportanceofreforestation.C.TheUN’splansforimprovingfarming. D.TheUN’ssuggestionsforfightingdesertification.19、Therewasonceapoormanwholivedinavillage.Everyday,hewalkedthroughthevillagelookingforsomeonewhocouldgivehimalittlework.Whenhewaslucky,hemadeenoughmoneytobuyonesmallmeal.Oneday,themansawafatgoose(鹅)runby,sohecaughtit.“Whataheartymealyouwillmake!”saidtheman.“Tonightmystomachwillbefull.”“Donoteatme!”criedthegoose.“Iamagooselikenoother.Ifyoufeedmeandtakecareofme,Iwilllaygoldeneggsforyou.”“Canthisbetrue?”themanwondered.“Sincethisgoosecantalk,perhapsitcanlaygoldeneggs,too.Iwillgiveitachance(机会).”Sothemantookthegoosehomeandfeditthelastfoodinhiskitchen,eventhoughhehadtogotobedhungrythatnight.Assoonashewokeupthenextmorning,themanrushedovertothegoose.Underthegoosehefoundalarge,shinyeggmadeofgold.Hetooktheeggtothemarketandsolditforlotsofmoney.Whenhecamehome,hisarmswerefulloffood,includinggoodfoodforthegoose.Eachday,thegooselaidanothergoldeneggandthemansoldit.Beforelong,themanwasveryrich,yethewantedtobecomeevenricher.“WhyshouldIspendsomuchmoneyonfoodforthegoose?”heaskedhimself.Hedecidedtocutthegooseopenandgetallthegoldeneggsatonce.Themancutthegooseopenandfoundnogoldeneggs.“WhathaveIdone?”hecried.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hearty”inparagraph2mean?A.Large. B.Hot. C.Quick. D.Small.2.Whydidthemantakethegoosehome?A.Becausehewantedtocookitfordinner. B.Becausehedecidedtosellitformoney.C.Becausethegoosemightmakehimrich. D.Becausethegooseaskedhimforfood.3.Whatwasthecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage?a.Themancutthegooseopenandfoundnothing.b.Themanfoundagoldeneggunderthegoose.c.Themanfedthegoosewiththelastfoodhehad.d.Themanboughtsomegoodfoodforthegoose.A.b—c—a—d B.c—b—d—a C.b—d—a—c D.d—b—c—a4.Whatisthestorytryingtotellus?A.Wemaylosewhatwehaveifwealwayswantmore.B.Weshouldgivethefoodwehavetothoseinneed.C.It’squitedifficultforustofindajobinthevillage.D.It’simportantforustotakegoodcareofanimals.20、Cellphonesandsmartphonesareabigpartofmodernlife.Manypeopleusethemeveryday,includingkidsandteens.Nowalotofpeoplearetalkingaboutifphonesshouldbeallowedinschool.Let’sgetaclearpictureofthesituationfirst.53%ofchildrenwillownasmartphonebytheageof11intheUS.Thatnumberrisesupto95%inteenagers.Surveysshowthataswellaspassingthetime,83%ofkidsusetheirphonestolearn.Teenscanspendover7hoursadaylookingatscreens.Thesearejustsomeofthemany,manystatisticsaboutcellphonesamongteens.Fromthis,wecanseethatmobiletechnologyisabigpartoflifefortoday’steenagers.Cellphonesinschooldohavethepowerofprovidingsupereducationalhelp.Cellphonescanbeusedforeducationthroughthemanyeducationalappsandgamesoutthere.Mobileappstoresarefilledwitheducationalmaterialsforchildrenofallages.StudentscanalsosurftheInternetontheirphone.Thereareplentyofeducationalresourcesonline,fromscientificresearchpaperstoexamtipsandmore.Atthesametime,withsomanykidsspendinghoursadaylookingattheirphonescreens,theremaybeproblems.Oneofthebigproblemsthatmanypeopletalkaboutwithphonesinschoolistheriskofthembecomingadistraction(分散注意).Kidscouldstartlookingattheirphoneswhiletheteacheristalkingandmissoutonkeyinformation,forexample.There’salsoariskofkidsbeingunwillingtogooutwithfriendsorcommunicatewithotherpeopleifthey’retoodistractedbytheirscreens.It’sevenpossibleforchildrenofdifferentagestodevelopaddictions(瘾)ontheirphones.Somestudieshaveshownthatphonescouldcausemental(精神的)illness.Thismeansthatthegovernmentneedstoweighuptheforsandagainstsbeforedecidingaboutstoppingorallowingphonesinschool.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordstatisticsmean?________A.Problems. B.Stories. C.Facts. D.Events.2.Whatisthereasonforusingphonesinschoolaccordingtothearticle?________①Phonescanbeusedbypeopleofallages.②Phoneshaveappstohelpwithkids’study.③Phonesallowstudentstoplayvideogamessafely.④Phonescanhelpstudentsknowhowtodowellinexams.A.①② B.③④ C.②④ D.①③3.Whichofthefollowingmaythewriteragreewith?________A.NearlyallthechildrenhavephonesintheUSA.B.Phonesinschoolcangreatlyimprovethestudents’learning.C.Teachersfullysupportthechildreninusingphonesinschool.D.Thegovernmentshouldthinktwiceaboutusingphonesinschool.五、补全对话（10分）21、根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。A:You’rewearinganewscarf.Itlooksbeautifulonyou!B:Thanks.Mysistermadeitforme.A:Really?She’ssoniceanddifferent!B:Sure.I’mgoingtolearnfromher._____1_____?A:I’dloveto.Ijustcan’twaittolearnwithyou.B:I’msureyouwillbeexcited.A:Yes.Yoursweaterisalsobeautiful.What’sitmadeof?B:_____2_____.A:Wheredidyoubuyit?B:IboughtitinXidanShoppingCenter.A:_____3_____?B:Only60yuan.It’snotveryexpensive.A:Ialsowanttobuyone._____4_____?B:Ofcourse.Ithinkyou’dbetterwearblueclothes.A:Ilikebluebest.B:_____5_____?A:SizeM.B:I’msureyoucanbuyoneinthatstore.六、阅读表达（10分）22、阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。Tomdidn’tlikeSundays.HehadtowearshoesandgotoSundayschool.Hehadtodohomework,anditwasboring.Marytriedtohelphim,butitwasdifficult.Hewantedtodohishomeworkbecausethenhewouldgetablueticket.Ifyouhadtenbluetickets,youcouldgetaredone.Ifyouhadtenredtickets,youcouldgetayellowone.Ifyouhadtenyellowtickets,youcouldgetanewbook.Tomhadlotsoftickets.Hewasn’tverygoodatdoinghishomework,buthewasgoodattrading.HegaveBillapieceofcandyandafishhook.Billgavehimayellowticket.Hegaveotherboyssomeofthethingshehadfromlettingotherspaintthefenceandgotmoretickets.Somewereblue,somewerered,andsomewereyellow.Finally,hehadenoughtogetanewbook.ThatSunday,thenewgirlcametoSundayschoolforthefirsttime.Herparentscametoo,andthechildrenlearnedthatherfatherwasaveryimportantjudge.Thegirl’snamewasBeckyThatcher.TheSundayschoolteacherwantedtoshowJudgeThatcherthatitwasagoodclass.Heaskedifanyoftheboysorgirlshadenoughticketsforanewbook.EverybodywasverysurprisedwhenTomstoodup.TheSundayschoolteacherwasmoresurprisedthananybodyelse.Hecountedthetickets.Therewereenoughforanewbook.HegaveTomthebook,andTomwasallowedtositwiththeimportantnewpeople.JudgeThatchersaidhello,butTomcouldnotspeak.HewastoonervousandthinkingaboutBecky.“What’syourname?”askedthejudge.Tomgothisvoicebackandtoldhim.ThenJudgeThatcheraskedhimaneasyquestionfromhishomework.Tomdidnotknowtheanswer.Heguessed.Hewaswrong.Hewassowrongthatthewholeclasslaughedathim.(TakenfromTheAdventuresofTomSawyer)1.Togetanewbook,howmanyredticketsdidTomneed?_________________________________2.HowdidTomgetenoughticketsforanewbook?_________________________________3.Whodid“thenewgirl”inPara3referto?_________________________________4.WhydidthewholeclasslaughatTom?_________________________________5.WhatdoyouthinkofTom?_________________________________七、书面表达（20分）为培养青少年责任意识，提高青少年综合素养，学校英语俱乐部发起题为“Let’stakeaction!”的倡议活动。请根据下列提示，选择其中两个方面，写一份倡议书投稿。MannersVolunteeringGoinggreen●Whiletravelling●Whileeating●...●Inthecommunity●Insomecharities●...●Tosavewater●Toreducepollution●...注意事项：1.词数：90词左右文章开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；3.文章必须包含所选两个方面的全部要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。Let’stakeaction!Weteenagersarethemasterofthefuture.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、A【解析】【详解】句意：——这个星期我必须还书吗？——不，你不需要。你可以保存15天。考查情态动词以及动词辨析。needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；keep保存，延续性动词；borrow借入，非延续性动词；lend借出，非延续性动词。回答must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答是“Yes,youmust”，否定回答是“No,youneedn’t”，排除C和D。第二个空所在句子的时间状语是“for15days”，要选延续性动词keep，lend和borrow都是非延续性动词，排除B。故选A。2、A【解析】【详解】句意：——我没有看到你的英语老师。她在哪？——据说她为了进一步学习待在英国半年了。考查短语辨析。hasbeenin住在某地或待在某地一段时间，后可接时间段；hasbeento某人曾经去过某地，此时已回来；hasgoneto某人去了某地，现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中或已经到了目的地；hascometo已来到。根据时间状语“forhalfanyear”可知，这里指“待在某地一段时间”。故选A。3、D【解析】【详解】句意：神舟六号总装检验员刘峰均就像一台扫描仪。他一遍又一遍地检查每一步。在他看来，质量检查是一件非常重要的事情。正如俗话所说，你再小心也不为过。考查谚语。Everydoghasitsday风水轮流转；Don’tputalltheeggsinonebasket不要孤注一掷；Afriendinneedisafriendindeed患难见真情；Youcan’tbetoocareful再小心也不为过。根据“Hecheckseverystepagainandagain.Inhisopinion,qualitycheckissomethingveryimportant.”可知，他一遍一遍地检查每个步骤，即再小心也不为过。故选D。4、C【解析】【详解】句意：——我认为这是一本有用的书。——的确如此,这是一本不同寻常的书。考查冠词。a修饰以辅音音素开头单词，表泛指；an修饰以元音音素开头的单词，表泛指。第一空，根据“usefulbook”可知此空泛指一本有用的书，useful是以辅音音素开头的，此空填a。第二空，根据空后单数可数代词one和选项可知，这是—个不同寻常的书，因为unusual是以元音音素开头的，故填an。故选C。5、D【解析】【详解】句意：——艾米，很抱歉我刚才打破了你的模型船。——没什么大不了。不要担心。考查情景交际。Notbad不错；It’snotagoodidea不是一个好主意；Notbadly但并不严重；It’snotabigdeal没什么大不了。根据“I’mverysorry”以及“Don’tworry”可知，此处在安慰对方不要放在心上，没什么事情。故选D。6、D【解析】【详解】句意：——下列哪个句子是一个意见？——我很高兴生活在这样一个美丽的城市。考查常识。YangzhouisinthemiddleofJiangsuProvince.扬州位于江苏省的中部；ManychangeshavetakenplaceinYangzhou.扬州发生了许多变化；Therewasonceasteelfactoryneartheriver.从前在河边有一家钢铁厂；Ifeelhappytoliveinsuchabeautifulcity.我很高兴生活在这样一个美丽的城市。观点是表达自己对某种事物的看法，D选项符合，故选D。7、A【解析】【详解】句意：房子前面过去有一条河，但现在政府把它变成了农田。考查used短语和therebe句型。usedtodo过去（常常）做；beusedtodo被用来做。根据“butnow”可知，空处表示过去的情况，排除C和D；therebe表示“有”，不和have“有”连用，排除B；thereusedtobe“过去有”符合语境和语法。故选A。8、D【解析】【详解】句意：我给你打了好几次电话，但你没接。考查动词短语辨析。setup建立；stayup熬夜；fixup修理；pickup捡起，接电话。根据句意“Icalledyou”可知，此处指“接电话”，故选D。9、C【解析】【详解】句意：格林老师今天早上给我们上了一堂多么美妙的音乐课！考查what引导的感叹句。What+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词；How+形容词/副词；Whata+形容词+单数名词；Howa错误表达。根据“wonderfulmusiclesson”可知其中心词为lesson，且为单数名词，wonderful为辅音音素开头的单词，因此其前应用Whata。故选C。10、B【解析】【详解】句意：——我总是很容易忘记一些事情。我希望你能提醒我周一的学校会议。——好的，没问题。考查动词辨析。explain解释；remind提醒；introduce介绍。根据“meabouttheschoolmeetingonMonday.”可知，这里是提醒我周一的学校会议。故选B。二、完形填空（10分）11、1.happy2.myself3.or4.hospital5.mind6.die7.doctors【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一个每天都很快乐的人，他介绍了他的开心秘诀，包括他从楼上摔下来，他都坦然地面对。这让作者明白：我们每天都可以选择如何生活。毕竟，信念就是一切！【1题详解】句意：他是一个非常快乐的人。根据“Howdoyoukeephappyeveryday”可知，是一个快乐的人，happy“快乐的”，形容词作定语，故填happy。【2题详解】句意：每天早上醒来，我对自己说。根据“sayto”可知，他是对自己说，此空应填反身代词，故填myself。【3题详解】句意：你可以选择快乐，也可以选择不快乐。根据“youhavetwochoices”及“Youcanchoosetobehappy…youcanchoosetobeunhappy”可知，有两个选择，选择开心或不开心，故填or。【4题详解】句意：我去医院看他了。根据“Iheardthathefelloffabuilding”可知，从楼上摔下来了，所以是去医院看望他，hospital“医院”，故填hospital。【5题详解】句意：首先浮现在我脑海中的是我的小女儿。根据“Thefirstthingthatappearedinmy…wasmylittledaughter”可知，摔下来是首先出现在脑海的是女儿，mind“大脑”，故填mind。【6题详解】句意：我可以选择生，也可以选择死。根据“IcouldchoosetoliveorIcouldchooseto”可知，选择生或死，die“死亡”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填die。【7题详解】句意：杰克现在生活得很幸福，这要感谢护士、医生和他的信念。根据“thankstothenurses,the…andalsohisbelief”及备选词可知，感谢护士和医生，结合nurses可知，此空应填复数名词，故填doctors。三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、Mikenevertellslies.Heisan________(诚实的)boy.13、What’sthelongestriverinChina【解析】【详解】根据所给标点可知，应该用疑问句的形式。分析所给单词，疑问句中what’s提问，置于句首需大写首字母；thelongest作名词river的定语；inChina作地点状语置于句末。故填What’sthelongestriverinChina“中国最长的河流是什么”。14、Jennywillhelpwithhousework.【解析】【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，Jenny作主语，willhelpwith作谓语，housework作宾语。故答案为：Jennywillhelpwithhousework“珍妮会帮忙做家务的”。15、Hegothitonhishead【解析】【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，he作主语，gothit作谓语，onhishead作状语。故填Hegothitonhishead“他的头被击中了”。16、etiquetteinourdailylives【解析】【详解】etiquette“礼仪”；inourdailylives“在我们日常生活中”。故填etiquetteinourdailylives。四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.D2.D3.A4.B5.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国的筷子是如何发明出来的。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Morethan3000yearsago,Chinesepeopleatewithchopsticks.”可知中国人使用筷子已经有3000多年了。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Healwayskilledpeoplebecausethefoodwastoohotortoocold.”可知纣王常因为食物杀人，所以人们很害怕。故选D。【3题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Healwayskilledpeoplebecausethefoodwastoohotortoocold.”可知纣王常因为食物杀人，猜测cruel意为“残酷的”。故选A。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据“Dajifeltverynervousbecausethekingwouldbeangry.Suddenlyshehadanideaandsheusedtwopiecesofherlonghairpins（发簪）toputthefoodtotheking’smouth.”可知妲己想出了一个好主意，避免了食物太烫，同时也避免了纣王发怒。推测她很聪明。故选B。【5题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知文章主要介绍了中国的筷子是如何发明出来的。选项C“筷子的发明”贴合主旨。故选C。18、1.C2.B3.D4.A5.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述的是地球大部分的土地干涸的原因，及如何做防止土地的沙漠化。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Desertificationhappenswhenhealthyland—landfullofwaterandnutrients—becomesdesert,whichisdryandunhealthy.”可知，土地是干燥和不健康的。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“inAfrica,scientistsexpectthattwothirdsofAfrica’shealthylandwillbelostby2025.”可知，非洲三分之二的健康土地将会消失。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Growingtoomanyplantsinthesamesoil,intooshortatime,cantakeawaythesoil’snutrientsfasterthanthesoilcanmakenewones.Thatcanturnthesoilintodrysand,likeadesert.”可知是因为它可以更快地带走土壤的养分。故选D。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Oneistoteachpeoplebetterwaysoffarming,includingtheuseofbetterfertilizers.Anotherisreforestationwhichmeansplantingmoretrees.OnecountrythathasdonealotofthatisChina.”可知联合国建议采取一些不同的行动来阻止沙漠化，包括使用更好的肥料，这意味着种植更多的树。故选A。【5题详解】段落大意题。根据最后一段“TheUNsuggestssomedifferentactionstostopdesertification.Oneistoteachpeoplebetterwaysoffarming,includingtheuseofbetterfertilizers.Anotherisreforestationwhichmeansplantingmoretrees.”一个是教人们更好的耕作方法。另一个是重新造林。可知最后一段主要讲的是联合国防治荒漠化的建议。故选D。19、1.A2.C3.B4.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个穷人和一只鹅的故事，告诉我们：如果我们总是想要更多，那我们可能会失去我们所拥有的。【1题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段的描述可知，他是个穷人，运气好的时候能赚点钱吃顿小餐；再根据第二段中的“Tonightmystomachwillbefull.”可知，他抓到鹅之后今晚胃会被填满，可推测“hearty”意思应与“small”相反，即：large。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Donoteatme!’criedthegoose.‘Iamagooselikenoother.Ifyoufeedmeandtakecareofme,Iwilllaygoldeneggsforyou.’”及第四段中的“‘Canthisbetrue?’themanwondered.‘Sincethisgoosecantalk,perhapsitcanlaygoldeneggs,too.Iwillgiveitachance(机会).’”可知，鹅会下金蛋，那么这个穷人就可能由此变得有钱，所以他就把鹅带回了家。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Sothemantookthegoosehomeandfeditthelastfoodinhiskitchen,eventhoughhehadtogotobedhungrythatnight.”可知，他把他最后的食物喂了鹅，对应c；根据第五段中的“Underthegoosehefoundalarge,shinyeggmadeofgold.”可知，他在鹅下面发现了一个金蛋，对应b；根据第五段最后“Whenhecamehome,hisarmswerefulloffood,includinggoodfoodforthegoose.”可知，他也给鹅买了一些好吃的，对应d；根据最后一段中的“Themancutthegooseopenandfoundnogoldeneggs.”可知，他把鹅切开（杀掉），什么也没发现，对应a。所以正确的顺序是：c—b—d—a，故选B。【4题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个穷人和一只鹅的故事，告诉我们：如果我们总是想要更多，那我们可能会失去我们所拥有的。A项符合，故选A。20、1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学生在校使用手机的利与弊，政府应该慎重考虑在学校使用手机的问题。【1题详解】词义猜测题。Problems问题；Stories故事；Facts实际情况；Events事件。根据“Thesearejustsomeofthemany,manystatisticsaboutcellphonesamongteens.”可知，these指的是第二段关于美国青少年使用手机的实际情况。所以该句话的意思是“这些实际情况只是许多关于青少年手机的统计数据中的一部分。”，由此推测statistics意思与facts相近，故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Cellphonescanbeusedforeducationthroughthemanyeducationalapps...”和“StudentscanalsosurftheInternetontheirphone.Thereareplentyofeducationalresourcesonline,fromscientificresearchpaperstoexamtipsandmore.”可知，手机可以通过许多教育应用程序用于教育；学生们也可以用手机上网，网上有很多教育资源，从科研论文到考试技巧等等。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thismeansthatthegovernmentneedstoweighuptheforsandagainstsbeforedecidingaboutstoppingorallowingphonesinschool.”可知，在决定停止或允许在学校使用手机之前，政府需要权衡利弊，即政府应该慎重考虑在学校使用手机的问题。故选D。五、补全对话（10分）21、1.Wouldyouliketolearnwithme2.It’smadeofcotton/silk3.Howmuchisit4.Canyougivemesomeadvice5.Whatsizedoyoulike/want【解析】【导语】本文是一篇对话，围绕对方的围巾和毛衣展开话题讨论。【1题详解】根据答语“I’dloveto.”可知，此处是对于邀请表示接受，故填Wouldyouliketolearnwithme。【2题详解】根据问题“What’sitmadeof?”可知，此处在询问毛衣是由什么制成的，故填It’smadeofcotton/silk。【3题详解】根据答语“Only60yuan.”可知，此处询问价钱，故填Howmuchisit。【4题详解】根据“Ithinkyou’dbetterwearblueclothes.”可知，此处是征求对方意见，故填Canyougi