第12讲UNIT3　SPORTSANDFITNESS（核心词块讲解基础练阅读提升练）（学生版）

Unit3SportsandFitness目标1掌握重点单词和词块的用法。目标2认识并运用重点句型。一、核心词块讲解1.honourn．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸v．尊敬；尊重(1)behonouredfor... 因……而受到尊敬behonouredas... 被尊为……be/feelhonouredtodosth. 做某事感到荣幸(2)It'sanhonourforsb.todosth. 对某人来说做某事很荣幸。feelitanhonourtodosth. 为做某事感到荣幸inhonourof... 向……表示敬意；为纪念……(3)honourableadj. 可敬的；体面的[佳句背诵]WiththeDragonBoatFestivalapproaching,weareplanningtoholdadragonboatraceinhonourofthefamouspoet,QuYuan.随着端午节的临近，我们计划举行一场龙舟比赛，以纪念著名诗人屈原。2.determinationn．决心；决定(1)withdetermination 坚决地(2)determinevt. 决定；确定；下定决心determineon/upon 决定determinetodosth. 决定做某事(表示动作)bedeterminedby... 由……决定(3)determinedadj. 坚决的；有决心的bedeterminedtodosth. 决心做某事(表示状态)[佳句背诵]Thedeterminedlookonhisfaceshowedthathehadenoughconfidenceinhimself.他脸上坚定的表情表明他对自己有足够的信心。3.injurevt.使受伤；损害(1)injureone'shealth 损害某人的健康injureone'sfeelings 伤害某人的感情injureone'sreputation 损害某人的名誉(2)injuredadj. 受伤的；有伤的theinjured 伤员(3)injuryn. 伤害；损伤doaninjurytosb. 伤害某人[佳句背诵]Hearinghewasn'tinjuredinthecaraccident,everyonebreathedasighofrelief.听到他在车祸中没有受伤，大家都松了口气。4.strengthn．力量；体力；强项(1)havethestrengthtodosth. 有力量/意志做某事buildupone'sstrength/body 增强某人的体力strength(s)andweakness(es) 优势和劣势withallone'sstrength 用尽全力(2)strengthenvt.&vi. 加强；增强；巩固[佳句背诵]Byparticipatinginsucharewardingactivity,westrengthenedourawarenessoflabor.通过参加这样一次有益的活动，我们增强了我们的劳动意识。(2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)5.petevi.竞争；对抗(1)petein... 参加……比赛petewith... 与……竞争petefor... 为……而竞争petewith/against...for... 为争取……而与……竞争(2)petitionn. 比赛；竞争petitiveadj. 竞争的；有竞争力的petitorn. 竞争者；对手[佳句背诵]Wecanpetewithstudentsfromotherschoolsindebatecontestsorspeechcontests.我们可以和来自其他学校的学生在辩论比赛或演讲比赛中竞争。[联想发散]表示“参加”的短语还有：takepartin、joinin、participatein6.pretendvi.&vt.假装；装扮pretendeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(tobe＋名词/形容词假装是……,todosth.假装做某事,tobedoingsth.假装正在做某事,tohavedonesth.假装已经做了某事,that从句假装……))[佳句背诵]Tobehonest,ifyoupretendtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow,you'llonlymakeafoolofyourself.说实话，不懂装懂只会自欺欺人。stressn．压力；紧张；重音vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安(1)understress 在压力之下putstressonsth. 强调某事物(2)stresstheimportanceof... 强调……的重要性(3)stressedadj. 焦虑不安的；感到有压力的stressfuladj. 产生压力的；压力重的[佳句背诵]Ashasbeenstressedmanytimes,learningEnglishwellisofgreatimportancetoyourcareerdevelopmentinthefuture.正如我们多次强调的，学好英语对你未来的职业发展是非常重要的。8.giveup放弃；投降givein 屈服，投降giveout 分发；用光；精疲力竭giveaway 赠送；泄露giveoff 散发(气体、光和热等)givewayto 给……让路givesb.ahand 帮某人一个忙[佳句背诵]Thatweekend,wewenttoanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere.那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。9.makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚(1)makesenseof 理解；明白Itmakes(no)sensetodosth. 做某事(没)有道理/意义。(2)inasense 从某种意义上说innosense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)Thereisnosenseindoingsth. 做某事是没道理/意义的。[佳句背诵]Youshouldinnosenseloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.＝Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.你决不应丧失信心；继续努力，你迟早会成功的。二．句型精析“Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式”意为“看来……；好像……”(教材P38)Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.在一场比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。[先练会]——单句语法填空/补全句子①Itseemsdifficult___________(learn)somanynewwordsbyheartinashorttime.②_______________________________(看起来有希望)thatbusinesswillgetbetter.【句法分析】(1)Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式＝Itseems/seemedthat... 看来……；好像……(2)Itseems＋形容词/副词＋todosth.看起来……Itseemsasif/asthough... 看起来好像……Thereseems(tobe)．.. 看起来……[佳句背诵](1)ItseemsthatMaryhaschangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.＝Maryseemstohavechangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.自从上大学以来，玛丽似乎改变了很多。(2)Lookatthedarkcloudsinthesky!Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.看天上乌云密布！看来要下雨了。PartⅠ过基础——教材核心知识精准练词形转换/固定搭配和用法1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Writeapoemabouthowcourage,_________________(determine),and____________(strong)havehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.2．Itis_______________(honour)tomakealifewithyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.3．Itisworthmentioningthatourvolleyballteamwonthe_________________(champion)twiceinnationalmiddleschoolvolleyballmatches.4．Even____________wewillcertainlyfailattimes,learning_______themistakeswemakewillbeinvaluable.5．________________(pare)withthosewhoarealwaysplaining,peoplewithapositiveattitudetowardslifelivelonger.6．Areyoufreetonight?Wouldyouliketoe________withustohaveapicnicintheopenair?7．Itisrecognisedthatpeoplemakingfriendsonlineareafraidofgetting_________(cheat)．8．Ihavebeentryingtocontacttheofficialinchargeoftransportinthepastthreehours,butIdidn'tmake____．一词多义eq\x(A.锻炼B.制定出C.产生……的结果D.解决)1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)Althoughitwasahardtimeandthingsweretightforeverybody,Bernard'sbusinessworkedoutquitewell.___2．Youhavetoworkoutaplanasquicklyaspossible.___3．What'smore,themoreyouworkout,thehealthieryouwillbee.___4．Neithertheteachernorhisstudentsknewhowtoworkouttheproblem.___熟词生义1．(2021·全国卷乙)Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.___A．重要事情，大事B．比赛项目C．公开活动2．(2021·全国卷甲)Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.___A．查明；准确算出B．影响C．决定；决心3．ZhangZhongjinghasbeenhonoredasamasterdoctorsincetheEasternHanDynasty.___A．高手 B．学位C．掌握4．Therewerealsoseveralaccidentsmainlycausedbyenginefailuresontake­off.___A．失败的人(或事物)B．未做；未履行C．故障；失灵单元要点高效语境Herearetwoworld­famous1.__________(legend).OneisLangPing,theotherisMichaelJordan.LangPingusedtobeaplayer,whobroughthonourandglorytohercountry.Yearslatershebecameacoach,2.______ledthewomen'svolleyballteamtomedalsatworldchampionshipsandtheOlympics.When3.___________(prepare)forthe2015WorldCup,theteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured,andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.4.____________(lose)twoimportantplayerswasabigchallengeforher,butshedidnotloseheart.Sheknewthatheryoungplayerscouldwiniftheyworkedtogetherasateam.Twoweeks5._________(late),theywereworldchampions!MichaelJordan,known6.____“AirJordan”，changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.Jordan'sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththathe7._________(show)madehimunique.Jordansaysthatthesecret8.___hissuccessislearningfromhisfailures.Losinggamestaughthimtopractise9.________(hard)andnevergiveup.Inlife,Jordanhaslearnttosharehissuccesswithothers.TheBoysandGirlsClubhestartedinChicago10._____________________(help)youngpeoplesince1996.PartⅡ过能力——阅读能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022·石家庄毕业班教学质检)Theuseofsocialmediahasbeenlinkedtomentalhealthproblemsinteenagers.ButanewstudyfromEnglandarguesthattheissuemaybemoreplexthanexpertsthink.Thenewresearchinterviewed10，000teenagers,whoreportedthefrequencytheyusedsocialmedia.Thefrequencyofmorethanthreetimesadaywasconsidered“veryfrequent”.Buttheresearchers,forthefirsttime,wentastepfurthertoinvestigatewhatkindofwebsitesmadetheteenagersfrequenters.Theyfoundthat,inbothsexes,veryfrequentvisitstosocialmediawithnegative(负面的)contentswereassociatedwithgreatermentaldepressionandanxiety.“Ourresultssuggestsocialmediaitselfdoesn'tcauseharm,butthatfrequentusemaydisrupt(使中断)activitiesthatpositivelyinfluencementalhealthsuchassleepingandexercising,whileincreasingexposureofyoungpeopletoharmfulcontents，”saidRussellViner,theco­authoroftheUCLGreatOrmondStreetInstituteofChildHealth.It'sanimportantdiscovery.Justlastmonth,researchfromCanadashowedthathigherleveloftheuseofsocialmediawaslinkedwithincreasedmentaldepressioninadolescents.Withthisstudy,theproblemisputinabettercontext.It'snotnecessarilysocialmediathatarecausingtheseissues.It'smorelikelythecontentsthatyoungpeopleareexposedtoandtheirhindrance(妨碍)ofhealthysleepandexercise.BobPatton,alecturerattheUniversityofSurrey,saidthismeansthatremediesfocusingonlyonreducingtheuseofsocialmediatoimprovementalhealthmightnothelp.“Findingwaystoimprovetheonlinecontentsandpromotebettersleepandexerciseisneededtoreducephysicalandpsychologicalharm，”saidhe.“Ifhealthylifestylescanbekept,thepositiveeffectsoftheuseofsocialmedia,suchasencouragingsocialinteractions,canbemoresupported，”saidAnnDeSmet,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofAntwerpinBelgium.1．Howdoesthenewresearchdifferfromthepreviousstudies?A．Bycarryingoutdetailedinterviews.B．Byfocusingonbothgirlsandboys.C．Byanalyzingthesocialmediacontents.D．Bystudyingalargernumberofteenagers.2．WhatdidRussellVinersayaboutsocialmedia?A．Itdidn'tcauseanymentalproblemsinteenagers.B．Itsabusemaynegativelychangethehealthylifestyle.C．Itsharmfulcontentsshouldbereducedimmediately.D．Itencouragedsocialinteractionsamongadolescents.3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“remedies”underlinedinparagraph6?A．Measures. B．Effects.C．Experiments. D．Differences.4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toprovetheharmfuleffectsofsocialmedia.B．Toshowtheproperwaytousesocialmedia.C．Topresentrelatedstudiesanddiscoveries.D．Tointroduceanimportantnewdiscovery.B(2022·沈阳八校联考)Therearemanywaystotravelwithinacity.Wecanwalk,cycleortakeabus.Butnomatterwhichwaywetravel,wehavetofollowtheroutethecityplannersmadeforus.Parkour(跑酷)practitioners,however,seethecityinapletelydifferentway.Tothem,therearenofixedroutes.Therearenowallsandnostairs—sincetheyjump,climb,rollandcrawltomoveacross,through,overandunderanythingthattheyfindintheirpath.Thecityistheirplayground.TheInternationalGymnasticsFederation(FIG)hasnoticedthatthisactivityisattractingmoreandmorepeopletoit—thereare100，000peopletakingpartinparkourtodayintheUKalone,accordingtoTheGuardian—andhowitishelpfulforpeopletobemuchstronger:Ittrainscoordination(协调)andbalance.So,theorganizationisthinkingaboutrecognizingparkourasanewsportandaddingittotheOlympicsby2024.However,parkourpractitionersthemselvesdon'tseemtobehappywiththeidea.Theyseeparkouras“alifestyle”，wrotethewebsiteNextSportStar.“It'sapetitionagainsttheconditionsratherthanjustasport.”Indeed,manydoparkourjustto“escapethedailyroutineandexperiencethecityindifferentways”,wrotereporterOliMouldonTheConversation.Theyseeparkourasawaytoexpressthemselvesthroughrelaxingmovesandcreativerouteswhilefreeingthemselvesfromthepressure.It'sgreatthattheFIGwantstodevelopanewsportandstayclosetoanewculturalform.Butitwouldbegreateriftheyknewthatnoteverythinginlifeisapetition.5．Howdotheparkourpractitionerstravelwithinthecity?A．Byfollowingfixedroutes.B．Bycycling.C．Byusingtheirownways.D．Bytakingabus.6．WhatdoesFIGthinkofparkour?A．Itisadangeroussport.B．ItshouldbeanOlympicsport.C．Itisbeinganormalsport.D．Itcanbeeahealthysport.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?A．Parkourisalifestyleinthepractitioners'eyes.B．Parkourisadailyroutineforthereporter.C．ParkourisalreadyanOlympicsport.D．Parkourshouldfollowthedesignedways.8．Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardparkour?A．Negative. B．Unconcerned.C．Worried. D．Objective.Ⅱ.完形填空(2022·惠州高三第一次调研)Myfamilywentonholidayforaweekthissummer.Iwassurprisedtolearnthesleeping__1__forthenight—myyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirst­floorbedroombyherself.Aswe__2__，wediscussedthedeerwehad__3__onourway.“Ihopewecouldseeabearortwothis__4__！”mywifeshouted.Atbedtime,mywifeandIwenttotheupstairsroom,andmyparents­in­law(岳父母)headedfora__5__onthefirstfloor.MywifeandIwereabouttosleepwhenourdaughterappearedwitha(n)__6__lookonherface.Shesaida__7__wasscratching(刮出刺耳声)atherwindow.Idecided