八年级英语下学期期末考试（南京卷）八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

20232024学年八年级下学期期末考试（南京专用）英语注意事项：1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上,答在本试卷上无效。2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．China’swomen’stabletennisteamwonthechampionattheITTFWorldTeamTableTennisFinals________February24,2024.A．at B．on C．in D．to2．2024istheYearoftheDragon.InChineseculture,thedragonisa________ofpower,luckandsuccess.A．secret B．spirit C．symbol D．system3．The33rdOlympicGames_________inParisinJuly,2024.A．held B．isheld C．willhold D．willbeheld4．Sir,you________useyourmobilephoneatthegasstation(煤气站).It’sdangerous.A．mustn’t B．don’thaveto C．needn’t D．maynot5．Natureisourgreatesttreasure,soitisimportantforustoprotectit________.A．wisely B．clearly C．directly D．especially6．TheshopinWandaSquare________forfiveyears,butI________theresofar.A．hasopened;haven’tgone B．hasbeenopen;haven’tbeenC．hasbeenopen;haven’tgone D．hasopened;haven’tbeen7．ManyofmyclassmateshavelivedinNanjing________theywereborn.A．for B．when C．since D．before8．Idon’thaveanyfriendsatschool.SometimesIfeelso________andhelpless.A．alone B．lonely C．lively D．alive9．It’skind________theyoungmantodonatebloodtopeopleinneed.A．with B．for C．of D．about10．Mr.Wuhasremendedmanyinterestingbooks.I’mthinkingabout________first.A．howtoread B．whentoread C．whichtoread D．wheretoread11．Tomaketheearthgreener,peopleshouldplantmoretreesinsteadof______them.A．cuttingout B．cuttingin C．cuttingoff D．cuttingdown12．—Mum,couldIjointheSummerCamp?—Ofcourse.Youare________todecidethingsbyyourself.A．tooold B．tooyoung C．oldenough D．enoughold13．Dreamsarebeautiful.However,ittakesalotoftimeandworkto________them.A．accept B．afford C．finish D．achieve14．—Mikeistooshorttobeasuccessfulbasketballplayer.—It’shardtosay.________.A．Everydoghasitsday B．BurnthecandleatbothendsC．Manyhandsmakelightwork D．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed15．—Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?

—__________.It’stoocoldoutsidetheroomnow.A．Nevermind B．Betternot C．I’mafraidnot D．Ofcoursenot二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Everyfewweeks,someonegotthesilenttreatment.Weallpretended(假装)theydidn’texist(存在).Ididn’tknowwhy—butwealldidit.Then,afteraweekortwo,thetreatmentended.Thenwecutsomebodyelseout.Whenitwasyour16itwasawful.Therewasnoonetowalkwithonthewaytoschool.Therewasnoonetotalkwithbetween17.

Andlotsofcries.Parentstotallydidn’tunderstand.Momsaid,“Iftheydothat,thenthey’renotreallyyour18.”Buttheywere,andIwantedthemback!Noonedidanythingto19it.Thenoneday,everyonestartedtoignore(无视)Eric.“Don’tsayHitoEric,CiCi—we’reignoringhim.”ButIlikedEric.Hewassmartandfun.Wetalkedaboutspace—fun!Heletmeswiminhispool—fun!Wesharedics—fun!Soafterschool,Ididsomething20.Textedhimonmyphone,“Hey,howRU?”“Ithinkeveryoneisignoringme.”Ifeltbad.DidIthinkhewouldn’tfind?IwantedhimtoknowthatIwas21.“TheymademedoitandI’msorry!”Therewasno22foraminute,andIthoughthewasangry.Butthenhetextedback.“Thesilenttreatmentistotallystupid(愚蠢的).”Allthat23Iwonderedinbedwhatwouldhappenatschoolthenextday.WillIbebraveandtalktohim?OrwillIignorehim?ButErichadhisownwaytodowithit.Hedidn’tshowupatschool.SoI24hishomeworkandbroughtitovertohishouse.Wechattedasusual.WhenEriccamebacktoschool,everyonebehavedlikenothinghadhappened.ButIwas25.Itwasjustamatteroftimebeforesomeonewasignoredagain.Whowasit?Me!“Don’tsayHitoCiCi,everyone—we’reignoringher.”ButEricdidn’t.Helookedatthemandsaid,“Iwon’tplaythatstupidgameanymore.Doyouwanttogetsomepizzawithme,CiCi?”Afterthat,noonegotthesilenttreatmentagain.16．A．action B．rule C．trick D．turn17．A．desks B．classes C．books D．meals18．A．classmates B．teachers C．friends D．members19．A．stop B．find C．organize D．accept20．A．rude B．strange C．usual D．crazy21．A．clever B．careful C．different D．painful22．A．hope B．chance C．news D．answer23．A．minute B．night C．week D．afternoon24．A．collected B．checked C．corrected D．changed25．A．calm B．worried C．glad D．surprised三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）请认真阅读下列材料,从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AShortStoryWritingpetitionTheKidsNewsShortStorypetition:free.Agegroups:KindergartentoGrade2;Grades3—4;Grades5—6andGrades7—9.Wordcount:Storiesmustbebetween250and750wordsforstudentsinKindergartentoGrade4,andbetween500and1,000wordsforstudentsinGrades5to9.Process:Apanelofjudges(评审团),ledbyawardwinningauthorJackieFrench,willchoosethewinningentries(获奖作品).Prize:Thefirstprizewinnerineachagegroupwillget10copiesoftheirshortstorypublishedbyHarperCollins.Thestorywillbemadeintoaprintedbookwithapersonallydesignedcover.Onesecondprizewinnerandthreehighlymendedremendedentrieswillbeineachagegroup.Thefirstprizewinnerineachagegroupwillalsoreceivepersonalizedfeedback(反馈)ontheirstoryfromtheHarperCollinseditorialteam(编辑团队)andgetthechancetoaskforadvicefromthemaboutwritingandpublishing.Time:The2024KidsNewsShortStorypetitionopensat9a.m.(AEST,)Monday,May6,andclosesat4p.m.(AEST)Friday,May31,2024.26．Howmanyfirstprizewinnerswillthepetitionhave?A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four27．Noentriesareacceptedlaterthan________.A．9a.m.(AEST)onMay6 B．4p.m.(GMT)onMay31C．4p.m.(AEST)onMay31 D．9a.m.(AEST)onJune128．Whatcanwelearnaboutthepetition?A．Anentrycanbe1,000wordsforkindergartens.B．Thefirstprizewinnerswillgetprintedstorybooksoftheirownstories.C．JackieFrenchwillchoosethewinningentries.D．Onesecondprizewinnerwillgetthechancetoaskforadviceaboutwritingandpublishing.BAfterhercollegeclosedforthefirstlockdowninMarch2020,FintyRoylewaslookingforsomethingtodoinhermunitytohelppeople.Whenalocalpanysaidthatitwantedsomeonetodeliverfreemealsforfamiliesinneed,itwasperfectforRoyle.Shecycled25milesaroundherareaeverydaytohandoutthemeals.SpeakingtoTheWeekJunior,shesaid,“Thechildrengotveryexcitedtoseemeeveryday.Therewasevenonefamilywhohaddrawnapictureinchalkofsomeonecyclingthrougharainbowinfrontoftheirhouse.”Royle,aged19,hasnowbeeayouthmemberofacharitycalledMagicBreakfast,whichaimstoprovidepupilsacrosstheUKwithhealthybreakfaststohelpthemlearnaswellastheycanatschool.Shesaysthebestthingyoucanhaveforbreakfastisporridgebecauseit’sgoodforyouanditkeepsyougoingforthewholemorning.MagicBreakfast’syouthmembers,includingRoyle,havewrittentoPrimeMinisterBorisJohnsontoaskhimtoincreasethegovernment’sfundingforfreeschoolbreakfastsby£75million.AsfoodpricesriseacrosstheUK,morefamiliesmayfindithardtoaffordschoolmeals.Roylebelievesitisimportanttotryyourbesttohelpyourlocalmunity.“Youcancreatechangeyourself,”shesaid.29．Fromthetext,weknowthatBorisJohnsonis________.A．acollegestudent B．anartistdrawingwithchalkC．thePrimeMinisteroftheUK D．adelivermaninalocalpany30．MagicBreakfastwassetupinorderto________.A．deliverfreemealsforfamiliesintheirmunityB．helppoorchildrentolearnwithoutworryingaboutmealsC．increasethegovernment’sfundingforfreeschoolbreakfastD．writetothePrimeMinistertoincreasethegovernment’sfunding31．Morefamiliesmayfindithardtoaffordschoolmealsbecause________.A．thereisalockdownintheUKB．foodpricesarebeinghigherC．theschoolsdon’twanttoprovidefreemealsD．MagicBreakfastonlydeliversfreemealstopoorfamiliesCIwasonthetrainoneafternoon.Ourcarriagewasalmostempty,justafewpeople.Atonestation,adrunkmansuddenlyenteredthetrain.Heshoutedandswunghisfists(拳头)atawomanholdingababy.Luckilythebabywasn’thurt.Thenhetriedtokickanoldwoman.Everyonewasscared.I’dbeenlearningaikido(合气道)forthepastthreeyears.ButI’dneverfoughtinreallife.Asstudentsofaikido,wearenotallowedtostartafight.“Aikido,”myteacheralwaystoldus,“isaboutsolvingconflict(解决冲突),notstartingit.”

Idecidedthatthiswasmymoment.IfIdidn’tdosomethingfast,somebodymightgethurt.SoIstoodup,readytofight.Justthen,someoneshouted,“Hey!”Itwasanoldman.Hewassmilingatthedrunkman.“Whathaveyoubeendrinking?”heasked.“I’vebeendrinkingwine(葡萄酒),butit’snoneofyourbusiness!”saidthedrunkmanangrily.“Oh,that’swonderful,”saidtheoldman.Thenhetoldhowheloveddrinkingwinewithhiswifeandeatingwatermelon.“Ialsolovewatermelon,”saidthedrunkman.“AndI’msureyouhaveawonderfulwife,too,”saidtheoldman.“No,”repliedthedrunkman.“Mywifedied,”Thenhebegantosob(啜泣),“Ihavenowife,nohome,nojob.I’msoashamedofmyself.”“Oh,thatissodifficult.Sitdownhereandtellmeaboutit,”saidtheoldman.AsIgotoffthetrain,IrealizedI’djustseenrealaikidoinaction.Thiswasthespiritofhowtosolveconflict.32．Whathappenedonthetrain?A．Amanwasdrinkingwine. B．Adrunkmanwasactingwildly.C．Ababywashurtbyaman’sfists. D．Anoldwomanwasknockeddown.33．Whatcanwelearnfromtheaikidoteacher’swords?A．Studentsshouldn’tlearnaikido. B．Aikidoisnotusedtostartfights.C．Aikidocan’tactuallysolveconflicts. D．Usingaikidomaystartconflicts.34．Whatwasthedrunkman’ssituationinlife?A．Hisbusinesswentbroke. B．Hehadawonderfulwife.C．Hewaslivingagreatlife. D．Hehadnoplacetolive.35．Whatdoesthewritermeaninthelastparagraph?A．Therearerealandfake(假的)formsofaikido.B．Therealspiritofaikidoistostartconflict.C．Fightingisnottheonlywaytosolveconflicts.D．Everyoneshouldlearnaikidotoprotectthemselves.DIfyouhavetodescribeyourselftosomeoneelse,whatwillyousay?Itcanbedifficulttoseeyourselffromtheoutside,butknowingwhoyouare,namelyselfawareness(自我意识),canhelpyouunderstandfeelingsandmakefriendshipscloser.Selfawarenessmeanshavingagoodunderstandingofourowncharacter(性格),thatis,havingtheabilitytoseeourselvesclearly.Ifyou’reselfaware,youmayknowthatyouloveplayinganinstrumentbecauseyoudowellinit,andmusicmakesyouhappy,orthatyoupreferwatchingTVonyourownbecauseithelpsyourelax.Knowingwhatyoulikeanddislike,whatyoudowellinandwhatyoufinddifficultallowsyoutomakebetterdecisionsaboutfriendships,schoolworkandsoon.Youlearntotrustyourownfeelingsmore,whichbuildsconfidence(信心).TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysselfawarenessisoneoftenimportantlifeskillsthathelpyoungpeoplelivehappier,healthierlives.Beingselfawaredoesn’tmeanonlythinkingofyourself.Byunderstandingyourownfeelings,youwillbetterunderstandotherpeopletoo.Howdoyoulearntobeselfaware?It’sagoodwaytoaskquestions.Butaskyourselfquestionsthatstartwith“What”insteadof“Why”.Soifyoudon’tunderstandwhyyoukeeparguingwithafriend,askyourselfwhatyoudisagreeoninsteadofwhyyou’rearguing.Learningtobemoreselfawareisaskill,whichmeansyoulearnitasyougrow.Sobeboldandtryoutnewthings,likeplayinganewsportorlisteningtodifferentkindsofmusic.Don’tbeafraidtodislikesomething——discovering(发现)whatyoufinddifficultisakeypartoflearningmoreaboutyourself.36．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Whatselfawarenessis. B．Whattruehappinessis.C．Howtofindtruehappiness. D．Howtodevelopselfawareness.37．Knowingyourselfisimportantbecause________.A．it’llmakeyouthinkmoreofyourselfB．it’llmakeyoustudybetteratschoolC．it’llhelpyoulearnhowtoaskproperquestionsD．it’llhelpyouhaveabetterunderstandingofothers38．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bold”inthelastparagraphprobablymeaninChinese?A．开心的 B．自豪的 C．大胆的 D．疲惫的39．What’soneofthekeystobeingmoreselfaware?A．Beinginhighspirits. B．Discoveringyourweakpoints.C．Havingatasteforpleasantmusic. D．Learningtogetalongwellwithothers.40．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Itcanbehardforyoutoknowyourselfwellfromothers.B．Ittakesalotoftimeandenergytodevelopclosefriendships.C．Itisimportantandnecessaryforyoutomakearightdecision.D．Onlybelieveinyourselveswhenarguingwithothers.非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。41．The(调查)showsusthatthestudentsaredoingalottoprotecttheanimals.42．—Doyouknowallthe(病人)caseswell,Dr.Ma?—Sure.Inthisway,Icanhavemorechancestocurethem.43．Itis(发展)soquicklythatnoonecantellwhatasmartphonewillbelikeintenyears.44．Afterhearingthebadnews,themotherlookedmuch(苍白的).45．Don’tthrowawayrubbish(满不在乎地),ortherewillbelittereverywhere.B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。46．Tobeagoodstudent,youshouldplanyourtimewellanduseeveryminute(wise).47．Ifyouhavetopushpastothers,remembertoavoid

(touch)theirbodies.48．Thecarsometimesgoeswrong.Itmaycauseaccidentsifit(notcheck)rightaway.49．Itis(mean)forustodiscoveraround13,000piecesofrelics(文物)inChina’sSanxingduiruins.50．Early(treat)canhelppreventandreducemanyhealthproblems.C）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，将其正确形式填入答题卡标有题号的横线上。每个单词或短语仅用一次。turnaround

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throughOneDayisasong51byUSreggae(雷鬼乐)singerMatisyahu.Reggaeisamusicgenre(流派)thatwasborninJamaicainthe521960s.53alovelyrhythm(节奏)andpositivelyrics(歌词),thissongexpressesahopeforpeaceandawishforanendtoviolence(暴力).Ittellspeoplethereareno54inwar.SometimesinmytearsIdrownButIneverletitgetmedownSowhennegativitysurroundsIknowsomedayit’llall55五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分）A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。TheBritishhavebeensendinggreetingscardssincethe19thcenturyandsendmorecardsperheadthananyothercountry.Theyspendabout￡1.7billiononcardseveryyear.BetweenMarch2021andMarch2022,theRoyalMail—Britain’spostalservice—delivered(投递)almosteightbillionlettersandcardsaroundthecountry.However,thatnumberisfalling.Areportin2022showedthataboutathirdofUKchildrenhaveneversentorreceivedahandwrittenletter.Somepeoplethinkthatwritingcardsandlettersisanimportantandmeaningfulwaytokeepintouchwithothers.However,somethinkitisoutofdateandunnecessaryinourdigital(数字的)world.Whatdoyouthink—shouldwestopsendingcardsandletters?

Yes—Itisoldfashionedandwasteful.Weliveinadigitalworldandusingsnailmail(普通邮件)isnotnecessary.Carryinglettersandcardsaroundtheworldproducespollutionthatisharmfultotheplanet.Makingpaperusesupenergyandresources,andsomecardsarehardtorecycle.What’smore,cardsareexpensivetobuyandsoispostingthem(afirstclassstampisnow￡1.10justtosendintheUK).Fordifferentreasons,youcan’tevenmakesurethatyourcardsandletterswillreachtheirdestination(目的地)ontime.Electronicalternativessuchasemailsortextsarequick,easy,reliableandusuallyfree.Also,youcanusevideoandotherclevereffectstomakethemspecial.Traditionalcardsandlettersareoutdatedandboring.It’snosurprisethatmostofthemendupinthebin.

No—Itismeaningfulandbringshappiness.Thetraditionofwritingtofriendsandfamilyhasbeenaroundforhundredsofyearsandshouldstay.Sendingsomeoneahandwrittenletterorcarefullychosencardshowsthatyoucareandyoumadeaneffort—andthereceivercankeepitasasouvenir.Electronic(电子的)messagesaresoquickandeasytocreatethattheycanseemmeaningless,andtheycaneasilybemissed.Sendinglettersisgoodforchildrenbecauseitisachancetopractisewritingskills,becreativeandexpressfeelings.Plus,It’sfun!Noteveryonelikesusingtechnologyandnoteverythingneedstobedigital.Receivingpostmakesyoufeelspecialandit’simportantifsomeonelivesfarawayorislonely—justimagineabirthdaywithoutcards.Shouldwe56sendingcardsandletters?FactsThepostalserviceenjoysalong57inBritain.Peoplearesendinglesspostthantheyusedto.Whetherstopendingcardsorlettersisunder58.Opinionsand59YesThemaking,carryingandevenrecyclingofcardsandlettersusesupenergyandresources,whichdoes60totheenvironment.Cardsandstampsareexpensive.Besides,theymayarrive61thanexpected.Withclevereffects,mostcardsandlettersare62away.NoIttakescare,effortandthoughttowriteandchooseacardorletterwhileelectronicmessagesmeanfar63.Tosendletters,childrencreateandexpressfeelings.Soit’sgood64practice.Gettingaletterisexcitingforanyone,65it’simportantforpeoplewhodon’thaveaccesstousephonesortheInternet.B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。Thesedays,teenagersareheavilyinfluenced(受影响)bythemedia.Manyofthemhavewatchedt66ofhoursofTV.That’smoretimethantheyspendw67teachersatschool,nottomentionthetimespentontheInternetandnewspapers.However,severalstudieshaveshownaseriousp68:today’steenagersdon’thavegoodmedialiteracy(媒体素养).Inotherwords,theyhavedifficultycritically(批判地)thinkingaboutthei69theysee.Onestudythatwasdoneonmiddleschoolstudentsshowedthatmorethan80percentofthemc70tellthedifferencebetweenrealstoriesandadsthatlooklikenews.StanfordprofessorKevinJohnteachesaclasscalledMediaEffects.Hetriestohelphisstudentslearnmedialiteracy.Theprofessorgaveane71thatshowswhymedialiteracyisimportant.Intheexample,twonewsstationsreportasnowstorm.Onefocuson(关注)thet72roadconditions.Theotherfocusesonkidsplayinginthesnow.“Withanewstory,newsstationstellyouwhattheyfeelaretheimportantdetails.”saidJohn.“Apersonwhohasmedialiteracywouldrealizethateachstoryisaboutonesideatthistime.Thereismoregoingon.”Someexpertsthinks73isthebestplacetoteachmedialiteracy.Othersbelieveeveryonefromparentstoreportersshouldhelpteenagerslearntheses74.Asforthebesttimetostartlearningmedialiteracy,manyexpertssuggest(推荐)theageof12.Butsomebasicideascanbetaughtevene75.“It’snevertooearlytostartlearningmedialiteracy,”Johnsaid.六、书面表达（满分15分）76．地球是我们的家园，如果每个人都在生活方式上做出小小的改变，就会对我们的地球和后代有着不同的意义。请根据下表内容提示，以“WhatCanWeDotoGoGreen”为题，用英语写一篇倡议书，呼吁人们走进环保生活。环境现状1.地球的污染越来越严重，水和空气被污染。2.森林被砍伐。环保措施1.节约用水，刷牙时候关掉水龙头，淋浴少于十分钟；2.保护树木，使用纸的两面；3.节约用电，离开房间要关灯，电视或电脑不用的时候要关掉电源……（补充一点）环保倡议培养绿色的生活方式对我们很重要……（补充一点）要求：1.短文内容必须包含所给要点，并适当发挥；2.语句通顺、语法正确、书写规范；3.文中不能出现考生的真实姓名、校名和地名；4.词数80左右。开头已给出，但不计入总词数。参考词汇：electricity电WhatCanWeDotoGoGreenTheearthisourhome.It’sourdutytoprotectit._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．B【详解】句意：2024年2月24日，在国际乒联世界团体乒乓球总决赛上，中国女子乒乓球队夺得冠军。考查介词辨析。at用于具体时刻前；on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午，下午或晚上前；in用在年、月、上下午的前面；to到。根据“February24,2024”可知，2024年2月24日，为具体某一天，其前需用介词on修饰。故选B。2．C【详解】句意：2024年是龙年。在中国的文化中，龙是力量，运气和成功的象征。考查名词辨析。secret秘密；spirit精神；symbol象征；system体系。根据“...ofpower,luckandsuccess”可知，龙是这些的象征。故选C。3．D【详解】句意：第33届奥运会将于2024年7月在巴黎举行。考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“The33rdOlympicGames…inParisinJuly,2024.”可知，主语“The33rdOlympicGames”和动词“hold”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语“inJuly,2024”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“willbedone”。故选D。4．A【详解】句意：先生，你不得在煤气站使用。它很危险。考查情态动词用法。mustn’t不得，不允许，禁止；don’thaveto不必；needn’t不必；D.maynot可以不。根据安全常识可知，煤气站禁止使用，故选A。5．A【详解】句意：自然是我们最大的财富，所以明智地保护它是很重要的。考查副词辨析。wisely明智地；clearly清晰地；directly直接地；especially尤其。根据“Natureisourgreatesttreasure.”可知，明智地保护自然很重要。故选A。6．B【详解】句意：万达广场的那家店已经开了五年了，但到目前为止我还没去过。考查现在完成时。第一空根据“forfiveyears”可知，现在完成时和一段时间连用，谓语动词要用延续性动词或者表达状态的be+adj.；open“打开”是非延续性动词，beopen是表示开着的状态，故排除AD选项；havegoneto去了；havebeento去过。根据“sofar.”可知到目前为止还没有去过，应用havebeento。故选B。7．C【详解】句意：我的许多同学从出生起就住在南京。考查连词辨析。for因为；when当……的时候；since自从；before在……之前。根据“ManyofmyclassmateshavelivedinNanjing...theywereborn.”可知，此处指自从出生起就住在南京，表示这是一个从过去某一点开始并持续到现在的状态，应用since来引导时间状语从句。故选C。8．B【详解】句意：我在学校没有任何朋友。有时候我感到非常孤独和无助。考查形容词辨析。alone独自的；lonely孤独的；lively活泼的；alive活着的。根据“Idon’thaveanyfriendsatschool.”可知没有什么朋友，所以感到很孤独。故选B。9．C【详解】句意：那位年轻人为需要帮助的人献血，真是太善良了。考查介词辨析。with随着；for为了；of……的；about关于。“It’s+表示性格、品质的形容词+ofsb.todosth.”是固定句型，表示“某人做某事真是太……了”，kind“善良的”表示人的品质，本空应该选of。故选C。10．C【详解】句意：吴先生推荐了许多有趣的书。我在考虑先读哪本书。考查疑问词加不定式的结构。how怎样；when什么时候；which哪个；where在哪里。根据“Mr.Wuhasremendedmanyinterestingbooks.”以及“first”可知是指在考虑先读哪本书。whichtoread“读哪本”，故选C。11．D【详解】句意：为了使地球更绿，人们应该种植更多的树木而不是砍伐它们。考查动词短语辨析。A.裁剪，取代；B.插嘴，打断；C.停止，中断；D.削减/砍倒（树木）。insteadof而不是……，根据“peopleshouldplantmoretrees”可知A、B、C三项意思都不合句意，故选D。12．C【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以参加夏令营吗？——当然。你已经长大了，可以自己做决定了。考查enough用法。too…to太……而不能；old老的；young年轻的；enough足够的。enough放在形容词后，排除D；根据“Ofcourse.”可知，“我”年龄足够大。可以自己做决定了，故选C。13．D【详解】句意：梦想是美丽的。然而，实现它们需要大量的时间和工作。考查动词辨析。accept接受；afford提供；finish完成；achieve实现。根据“Dreamsarebeautiful…ittakesalotoftimeandworkto…them.”可知是指实现梦想，故选D。14．A【详解】句意：——迈克太矮了，不能成为一名成功的篮球运动员。——这很难说。凡人皆有出头日。考查情景交际和谚语。Everydoghasitsday凡人皆有出头日；Burnthecandleatbothends蜡烛要两头点；Manyhandsmakelightwork人多好办事；Afriendinneedisafriendindeed患难见真情。根据“It’shardtosay.”可知，不赞同对方“因为迈克矮就认为他不能成功”的观点，所以推断，也可能成功，A项符合语境，故选A。15．B【详解】句意：——你介意我打开窗户吗？——最好不。现在屋子外面太冷了。Nevermind不介意；Betternot最好不；I’mafraidnot我恐怕不；Ofcoursenot当然不；根据It’stoocoldoutsidetheroomnow.可知外面太冷了，因此建议他最好不要打开窗户，故选B。16．D17．B18．C19．A20．D21．C22．D23．B24．A25．B【导语】本文主要讲述了作者学校发生在孩子们之间的游戏，定期对某人采取冷落的行为。16．句意：当轮到你的时候，那是很糟糕的。action行为；rule规则；trick诡计；turn(依次轮到的)机会。根据“Everyfewweeks,someonegotthesilenttreatment…Then,afteraweekortwo,thetreatmentended.Thenwecutsomebodyelseout.”可知轮到你被冷落的时候，那是很糟糕的，故选D。17．句意：课间没有人和你说话。desks课桌；classes课；books书；meals餐，饭。根据“Therewasnoonetotalkwithbetween”可知是指课间没有人和你说话，故选B。18．句意：如果他们那样做，那就不是你真正的朋友。classmates同学；teachers老师；friends朋友；members成员。根据“Iftheydothat”可知妈妈说如果他们冷落你，那他们就不是你真正的朋友，故选C。19．句意：没有人做任何事来阻止它。stop阻止；find找到；organize组织；accept接受。根据“Thenoneday,everyonestartedtoignore(无视)Eric.”可知没有人阻止这种冷落别人的行为，故选A。20．句意：所以放学后，我做了一些疯狂的事情。rude粗鲁的；strange奇怪的；usual平常的；crazy疯狂的。根据“Textedhimonmyphone”可知我没有参与这次冷落Eric的行为，所以是做了疯狂的事情，故选D。21．句意：我想让他知道我和他们不同。clever聪明的；careful仔细的；different不同的；painful痛苦的。根据“TheymademedoitandI’msorry!”可知我不想和其他同学一样，冷落Eric，所以是想让Eric知道我和其他同学不同，故选C。22．句意：有一分钟时间没有回答，我以为他生气了。hope希望；chance机会；news新闻；answer回答。根据“Ithoughthewasangry”可知Eric没有回复我的短信，故选D。23．句意：那天一整晚，我躺在床上想知道第二天学校会发生什么。minute分；night晚上；week周；afternoon下午。根据“Iwonderedinbedwhatwouldhappenatschoolthenextday”可知是那天晚上，故选B。24．句意：所以我收拾好他的作业带到他家。collected收集；checked检查；corrected改正；changed改变。根据“Hedidn’tshowupatschool.”可知是指我帮Eric收拾好作业，带去他家，故选A。25．句意：但我很担心。calm冷静的；worried担忧的；glad高兴的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Itwasjustamatteroftimebeforesomeonewasignoredagain.”可知我很担心，故选B。26．D27．C28．B【导语】本文主要介绍了短篇故事写作比赛的相关事宜。26．推理判断题。根据“Agegroups:KindergartentoGrade2;Grades3—4;Grades5—6andGrades7—9”和“Thefirstprizewinnerineachagegroupwillget10copiesoftheirshortstorypublishedbyHarperCollins.”可知，每个年龄组的评选出第一名，一共有四个年龄组，因此一共有四个第一名。故选D。27．细节理解题。根据“The2024KidsNewsShortStorypetitionopensat9am(AEST,)Monday,May6,andclosesat4pm(AEST)Friday,May31,2024.”可知，这个比赛于2024年5月31日星期五下午4点（澳大利亚东部标准时间）结束。因此不能晚于这个时间。故选C。28．细节理解题。根据“Thefirstprizewinnerineachagegroupwillget10copiesoftheirshortstorypublishedbyHarperCollins.”可知，每个年龄段的一等奖获得者将获得10本由哈珀柯林斯出版社出版的他们的短篇故事书。故选B。29．C30．B31．B【导语】本文主要讲述了大学生FintyRoyle在封锁期间在社区为有需要的家庭分发饭菜，她也加入了慈善机构“魔法早餐”，他们写信要求政府增加为免费学校早餐提供的资金。29．细节理解题。根据“PrimeMinisterBorisJohnson”可知BorisJohnson是英国首相。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据“calledMagicBreakfast,whichaimstoprovidepupilsacrosstheUKwithhealthybreakfaststohelpthemlearnaswellastheycanatschool”可知该慈善机构旨在为英国各地的学生提供健康的早餐，帮助贫困儿童学习，让他们不用担心吃饭问题。故选B。31．细节理解题。根据“AsfoodpricesriseacrosstheUK,morefamiliesmayfindithardtoaffordschoolmeals.”可知随着英国各地食品价格的上涨，越来越多的家庭可能会发现难以负担学校的伙食费用。故选B。32．B33．B34．D35．C【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的亲身经历从而理解如何利用合气道去解决冲突。32．细节判断题。根据“Atonestation,adrunkmansuddenlyenteredthetrain.Heshoutedandswunghisfists（拳头）atawomanholdingababy.Luckilythebabywasn’thurt.Thenhetriedtokickanoldwoman.”可知，一个醉汉的行为很粗鲁。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据“‘Aikido,’myteacheralwaystoldus,“isaboutresolvingconflict（解决冲突）,notstartingit.’”可知，可以从第三段合气道老师的话中学到，合气道不应该用于挑起冲突。故选B。34．细节推理题。根据“Ihavenowife,nohome,nojob.Iamsoashamedofmyself.”可知，醉汉没有地方住。故选D。35．推理判断题。根据“AsIgotoffthetrain,IrealizedI’djustseenrealaikidoinaction.Thiswastherealspiritofhowtosolveconflict.”可知，作者下火车时，意识到刚刚看到了真正的合气道，也就是解决冲突的真正精神所在。C选项“战斗不是解决冲突的唯一途径”表述正确。故选C。36．A37．D38．C39．B40．A【导语】本文介绍了自我意识是什么，它的重要性以及如何学会自我意识。36．主旨大意题。根据“Selfawarenessmeanshavingagoodunderstandingofourowncharacter”可知，第二段主要介绍了什么是自我意识，故选A。37．细节理解题。根据“Byunderstandingyourownfeelings,youwillbetterunderstandotherpeopletoo”可知，因为这会帮助你更好地理解别人，故选D。38．词义猜测题。根据“tryoutnewthings”可知，这句话是建议人们要大胆尝试新事物，所以bold表示“大胆的”，故选C。39．细节理解题。根据“Don’tbeafraidtodislikesomething——discovering(发现)whatyoufinddifficultisakeypartoflearningmoreaboutyourself”可知，变得更有自我意识的关键是发现自己的弱点，故选B。40．推理判断题。根据“Itcanbedifficulttoseeyourselffromtheoutside”可知，你很难从别人那里很好地了解自己，A表述正确，故选A。41．survey【详解】句意：调查显示，学生们在保护动物方面做了很多工作。survey“调查”，名词，根据句子谓语为三单形式的“shows”可知，此处应用单数形式。故填survey