2025年中考英语重难点复习：阅读理解之说明文

重难点27阅读理解之说明文

"英语说明文”，顾名思义，就是一种以“说明、解释”为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、

特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张

和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技

能。

说明文阅读理解的特征

一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who-what—•when-

where—>how—>why。

1.who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）

2.what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）

3.when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）

4.how：通过什么方式表现出来的？

5.why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。

说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构

复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度

大。中考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等

方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静

的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。再者不少省市包括比较偏僻

地区中考语篇选择上内容都比较新颖，更不回避热点话题。

中考语篇通用集训之（四）

II.完形填空。

根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。

OneoftheamazingthingsabouttheWorldWideWebisthatanyonecancreatea11page.Ifpeoplefindyourpage

interesting,theywillcometo12it.Iflotsofpeoplelikeyourpage,thenyouhavecreatedsomethingofvalue.The

wholeideaofaTVstationistocreateaplacethatattractslotsofpeople.Thenthestation'sownercancharge

companiesfor13onTV.AwebpageislikeasmartTVstation.Ifyoursbecomesverypopular,thenyoucan

14adsonit.Thatisoneformof“value”.Thereareotherformsaswell,especiallyforteenagers.Apopularpageallows

15tospeaktoandeducateothers,givesyouachancetomeetpeople,andopensdoorsofchancesthatyoumightnot

16.

Ifyouwanttocreateyourownpage,youhavetwo17.Ybucancreateapagethatsays"Hi,MynameisSuzy

andhereisapictureofBinky,mycat.Myfavoritebandsare...”Thatisfine,butitisnotveryinterestingtoothersexcept

yourclose.Theotherchoiceyouhaveistocreateasitethatotherpeoplefind18.Picksomethingyouenjoyor

knowalotaboutandcreatethebestpageonthenetaboutit.For19,ifyoulikefootball,createthebestpageonthe

netaboutit.

Thepeoplefromallovertheworldwillcometovisityourpagebecauseyouare20

somethingforvalue.

()ll.A.bookB.magazineC.newspaperD.web

()12.A.costB.visitC.spendD.pick

()13.A.watchingB.performingC.advertisingD.playing

()14.A.buyB.sellC上orrowD.lend

()15.A.meB.herC.himD.you

()16.A.waitB.stayC.liveD.expect

()17.A.changesB.choicesC.pointsD.views

()18.A.usefulB.boringC.foolishD.big

()19.A.modelB.exampleC.kindD.way

()20.A.offeringB.takingC.helping0.reading

III.阅读理解。

(A)

Nowsatellitesarehelpingustoforecasttheweather.Theyareinspace,andtheycanreachanypartoftheworld.The

satellitestakepicturesofatmosphere(大气).Sothescientiststherecanseetheweatherofanypartoftheworldandhowthe

weatherwillchange.

Today,nearlyfivehundredweatherstationsinsixtycountriescanreceivesatellitepictures.Whentheyreceivethenew

pictures,theycompare(比较)themwiththeearlierones.Perhapstheymayfindthatthecloudshavechangedduringthelast

fewhours.Thismaymeanthattheweatheronthegroundmaysoonchange,too.Intheirnextweatherforecast,theycantell

peopleaboutit.

Sotheweathersatellitesareofgreathelptothescientistsatthestation.Inthepasttheycouldforecasttheweatherfor

about24or48hoursearlier.Nowtheycanmakegoodforecastfor3or5days.Soon,perhaps,theymaybeabletoforecast

theweatherforaweekormoreahead.

根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。

()21.Theweathersatellitesinspacecanhelpthescientiststoknoweverything.

()22.Changingcloudsintheatmospheremeansthatweathermaychange.

()23.Withoutsatellites,scientistscouldforecasttheweatherfor3or5daysahead.

()24.Today,everycountryhasitsownweatherstationwhichcanreceivesatellitepictures.

()25.Themainideaofthispassageisthatsatellitesarenowusedinweatherforecast.

A

Chinacoversalargelandandthereare56ethnicgroupsinit.SoChinahasmanytypesofChinesefoodwithdifferent

butmouth-wateringflavor(风味).Ingeneral,Chinesefoodcanbemainlydividedintoeightcuisines(菜系).Lefshavea

lookatsomeofthem.

Sichuancuisineishot,spicyandsour.Ithassomethingtodo

withthewetweatherofthatareaandpeopleneedhotfoodto

stayawayfromthewet.Therearemanypopulardishesthat

standforSichuancuisinelikeKungPaoChicken.

ZhejiangcuisineisfromthelocaldishesofHangzhou,

NingboandShaoxing.FoodinZhejianghasapleasantsmell

andittastesfresh.Andmostofthedishesareperfectlymade.

IfyouvisitZhejiang,youmusttasteDongpoPork.

Fujiancuisineoftenusesmaterialsfromtheseatocook.It

篦tasteslightandthecolorisbeautiful.Youcanenjoydifferent

kindsofsoupinFujian,becausemanydishesofFujian

cuisineareservedinsoup,likeFoTiaoQiang.

ShandongcuisineisveryfamousinnorthernChina.It

窿includesmuchseafoodwhichtasteslightandfresh.Itisalso

thesymbolofcookingculturealongtheYellowRiver.Its

mostfamousdishisSweetandSourCarp.

31.Sichuancuisinehelpslocalpeople.

A.becomestrongB.keepawayfromthewet

C.staycoolD.keepwarm

32.BothofthematerialsofFujiancuisineandShandongcuisinemainlycomefrom.

A.theseaB.thefieldC.themountainD.theforest

33.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat.

A.mostoftheChinesepreferSichuancuisine

B.Chinesecuisinesarebecomingmorepopulararoundtheworld

C.visitorscanenjoydifferentkindsofsoupinZhejiang

D.differentcuisinesareformedbecauseofdifferentlivingconditions

II.H.D根据常识可知，在互联网任何人都可以制作自己的网页。故选D。

12.B本句句意：如果人们发现我们的网页有趣，他们将浏览它。故选B。

13.C由句意可知，电视台的负责人向到电视上登广告的公司收费。故选C。

14.B在网页上你同样可以出售广告。故选B。

15.D本句句意：受人欢迎的广告允许你与别人交谈和教育别人。故选D。

16.D本句句意：开放的机会也许是你不曾预料到的。故选D。

17.B由下一句可知，制作自己的网页可能有两种选择。故选B。

18.A由下文可知，其他人发现你创立的网站有用的话，他们就会点击你喜欢的事，了解你的网站内容。故选A。

19.B