广东省惠州市博罗县高一上学期1月期末英语试题

惠州市2023—2024学年度第一学期期末质量检测高一英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChancesarethatyouhavespentwaytoomuchtimeinfrontofyourscreeninthepastfewmonths.Thisyear,let’sgetoutdoors.Belowareafewplacesthat’llhaveyoufeelingrefreshed.Theclassic:VermontInVermont,naturealwaystakescenterstage.Whetherit’sthesnowymountainsinwinter,thewildflowersinspring,swimming.holesinsummer,orthecolorfulleavesinfall,there’salwayssomethingnewtoexplore.HittheGreenMountainsforcamping,skiing,andraftingadventuresTherelaxingisland:JekyllIslandIfyou’relookingtorelax,JekyllIslandistheplacetogo.You’llhavesevenbeachestochoosefrom.Whileyou’rethere,visittheGeorgiaSeaTurtleCenter,whichofferstoursandeducationalprogramsaboutthepreservationofthisendangeredspecies.Thehiddengem:TenerifeTenerifemightnotbeaswellknownassomeotherislands,butthat’llchangesoonthankstonewdirectflightsfromtheEastCoast.It’spackedwithnaturalwonders,vineyardsandbeaches.Spendthedaywhalewatchingandthenheadoutforstargazingatnight.Theadventurouspick:CostaRicaCostaRicaisapopularspotthatstillfeelsundiscovered.Hikethroughlavafieldsorziplineabovethejungleforanexcitingadventure.Headtothebeachwithyourfavoritesurfingboard,domorningyoga,orsimplyrelaxallday.Foratasteoflocalculture,visitacoffeefarmorwanderthroughSantaTeresafordrinkswithaview.Formorebrochuresaboutotherpackagetanoutdoors,contacrt’usatpackagetours@.1.Whichplacewillattractanimalprotectors?A.Tenerife. B.Vermont. C.CostaRica D.JekyllIsland2.WhatcantravelersdoinCostaRica?A.Goskiing. B.Gosurfing. C.Gocamping D.Gostargazing.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anewspaper C.Atraveljournal. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个户外游玩的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whileyou’rethere,visittheGeorgiaSeaTurtleCenter,whichofferstoursandeducationalprogramsaboutthepreservationofthisendangeredspecies.(当你在那里的时候，可以参观乔治亚海龟中心，那里提供关于保护这种濒危物种的旅游和教育项目)”可知，JekyllIsland会吸引动物保护者。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Headtothebeachwithyourfavoritesurfingboard,domorningyoga,orsimplyrelaxallday.(带着你最喜欢的冲浪板去海滩，早上做瑜伽，或者只是放松一整天)”可知，游客可以在哥斯达黎加冲浪。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Chancesarethatyouhavespentwaytoomuchtimeinfrontofyourscreeninthepastfewmonths.Thisyear,let’sgetoutdoors.Belowareafewplacesthat’llhaveyoufeelingrefreshed.(在过去的几个月里，你很可能在屏幕前花了太多时间。今年，让我们到户外去吧。下面是几个能让你神清气爽的地方)”结合文章主要介绍了四个户外游玩的地方。可推知，文章选自旅行册。故选D。BWe’reabout4milesfromGallaudetUniversity,whereSolomonisaprofessorofbiology.SheandastudentAnnaMcCallaretakingasmallboattocollectwatersamplesfromtheAnacostinRiver.Theriverisnomorethan8mileslong,butitgoesthroughandaroundWashingtonDC.Formonths,Solomonandherstudentshavebeentestingforoxygen,saltlevelsandchlorophyll(叶绿素)intherivertojudgeispresentstateofhealth,whichunfortunatelyappearstobepoor.ToMcCall,whowasborndeaf,Solomonismorethanarolemodel.She’sagreatteacher,strictbutfair.McCallsaid,“ifitweren’tforSolomon,Icouldn’timaginedoingthiskindofwork.”Solomonwastheonlydeafpersoninherfamily.Inschool,shewasalwaysgoodatmathandscience,butherinterestintheenvironmentdidn’tdevelopuntilshewasateenager.“WhenIwasinhighschool,mydadwasavisitingprofessorattheU.S.NavalAcademy,”Solomonsaid.“Werentedahousebyasmallriver.Weweren’tabletoswimintheriverbecauseitwastoopolluted.”Solomon,whowon13goldmedalsinswimmingintheDeaflympics,wouldneverforgetthatpollutedrivernearherhouse.Acareerinscienceandenvironmentalstudiesbecameherpassion.Butshealsofoundanotherpassion(热情):“HowcanIinfluenceotherdeafandhardofhearingstudents?”ItwasaquestionbasedonSolomon’sownexperienceasacollegestudent,firstasanundergraduate(本科生)atHarvard,thenasagraduatestudentattheUniversityofWashington.Thesewereschoolswhereshewasusuallytheonlydeafpersonintheclass.TrainingthenextgenerationofbiologistswhohappentobedeafhasbeeSolomon’sgoal,andforthatshehasreceivedhighpraiseatGallaudet.Notbecauseshe’sanespeciallygiftedteacher,butbecauseshehaslearnedhowtogetherstudentstofocusonwhatthey’recapableofnotwhatthey’relimitedby.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnnaMcCall?A.SheisadeafstudentofSolomon’s.B.Sheisarolemodelforallstudents.C.SheisarivercleanerinWashingtonDC.D.SheisaprofessoratGallaudetUniversity5.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeSolomonasateenager?A.Honestandbrave. B.Passionateandpositive.C.Patientandpowerful D.Selflessandcareful6.WhyhasSolomonreceivedhighpraiseatGallaudet?A.Becauseshehasbeenverystrictwithherstudents.B.BecauseshehasanaturalabilitytobeagoodteacherC.BecauseshehashelpedherstudentsdeveloptheirabilitiesD.Becauseshehashelpedherstudentsknowtheirlimitations7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtoTakeWaterSamplesofaRiverB.HowtoBeeaSuccessfulBiologistC.TraintheNextGenerationofBiologistsD.TeachDeafStudentsTheyCanDoAnything【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过对天生失聪的Solomon对环境保护以及对下一代人的能力的培养的故事的描写，文章主要讲述了Solomon如何帮助失聪的学生培养自己的能力。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ToMcCall,whowasborndeaf,Solomonismorethanarolemodel.She’sagreatteacher,strictbutfair.(对于天生失聪的McCall来说，Solomon不仅仅是一个偶像。她还是个伟大的老师，严格却公平。)”可知，AnnaMcCall是Solomon的一个失聪学生，故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Acareerinscienceandenvironmentalstudiesbecameherpassion.Butshealsofoundanotherpassion(热情):“HowcanIinfluenceotherdeafandhardofhearingstudents?”(从事科学和环境研究成为了她的爱好。但她也找到了另一种激情：“我应该怎样才能影响其他聋哑学生呢？”)”可知，Solomon是一个对科学和环境充满热情的人，且她自己本身就是一个聋哑人，却用自己的行动来影响鼓励其他聋哑学生，因此她也是一个积极乐观的人，故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“TrainingthenextgenerationofbiologistswhohappentobedeafhasbeeSolomon’sgoal,andforthatshehasreceivedhighpraiseatGallaudet.Notbecauseshe’sanespeciallygiftedteacher,butbecauseshehaslearnedhowtogetherstudentstofocusonwhatthey’recapableofnotwhatthey’relimitedby.(培养下一代碰巧失聪的生物学家已经成为了Solomon的目标，因此她在Gallaudet获得了高度赞誉。不是因为她是一位特别有天赋的老师，而是因为她学会了如何让学生专注于他们的能力，而不是他们所受的限制。)”可知，Solomon在Gallaudet获得了高度赞誉是因为她让学生专注于他们的能力，帮助他们发展了自己的能力，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“TrainingthenextgenerationofbiologistswhohappentobedeafhasbeeSolomon’sgoal,andforthatshehasreceivedhighpraiseatGallaudet.Notbecauseshe’sanespeciallygiftedteacher,butbecauseshehaslearnedhowtogetherstudentstofocusonwhatthey’recapableofnotwhatthey’relimitedby.(培养下一代碰巧失聪的生物学家已经成为了Solomon的目标，因此她在Gallaudet获得了高度赞誉。不是因为她是一位特别有天赋的老师，而是因为她学会了如何让学生专注于他们的能力，而不是他们所受的限制。)”以及全文天生失聪的Solomon对环境保护以及对下一代人的能力的培养的故事的描写，文章主要讲述了Solomon如何帮助失聪的学生培养自己的能力，故D项“告诉聋哑学生他们可以做任何事情”符合文章标题，故选D。CNotallbirdssing,butsomespecies(物种)doitalot.Theysingtoprotecttheirplaceandimpresspossiblemates(配偶).“Whybirdssingisrelativelywellanswered,”saysIrisAdam,abehavioralneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthernDenmark.Thebigquestionwas:Whydobirdssingsooften?Inanewstudy,Adamandherteammembersofferanewexplanation,suggestingthatsongbirdsmayhavetosingalottogivetheirvocal(声音的)musclestheregularexercisetheyneedtoproducetopqualitysong.Thesefindingscouldberelatedtohumanvoicestoo.“Anytimeyoustopspeaking,youmightexperiencealossinvocalperformance,”saidAdam,“songbirdsonedaycouldhelpusimprovehowwetrainandrestoreourownvoices.”Tofigureoutwhetherthemusclesthatproducebirdsongrequiredailyexercise,Adamdesignedasetofexperimentsonzebrafinches.Oneofherfirstexperimentswasabouttakingmalesatthetopoftheirgame,andcuttingofftheconnectionbetweentheirbrainsandsingingmuscles.“Aftertwodays,theyhadlostsomeoftheirperformance,”shesaid.“Andafterthreeweeks,theywerebacktothesamelevelwhentheywereyoungandneverhadsungbefore.”Nextshepreventedthebirdsfromsingingforaweekbykeepingtheminthedarkalmostaroundtheclock.Afteraweekthebirds’vocalmuscleslosthalftheirstrength.Whensheplayeditforagroupoffemalebirds,sixoutofninepreferredthesongthatcamefromamalewho’dbeenusinghissingingmusclesdaily.Adam’sfindingisthat“songbirdsneedtoexercisetheirvocalmusclestoproducetopperformancesong.Iftheydon’tsing,theyloseperformance,andtheygetlessattractivetofemales.”It’sagoodruletoliveby,whetheryou’reabirdorahuman—practicemakesperfect,atleastwhenitestosingingone’sheartout.8.What’sthefocusofAdamandherteammembers’study?A.Howbirdstraintheirvocalmuscles.B.Theeffectofmusiconbirds’behaviour.C.Therelationshipbetweenbrainfunctionandbirds’song.D.Whetherbirdsneedtosingoftentokeeptheirsingingability.9.Whatwastheeffectofpreventingthebirdsfromsingingforaweek?A.Theirvocalmusclesbecamestronger.B.Theybecamemoreattractivetofemales.C.Theirvocalmuscleslosthalftheirstrength.D.Theydidn’tshowanychangeinsingingperformance.10.Howdidthefemalebirdsreacttothemalebirdusingvocalmusclesdaily?A.Theydidnotshowanypreference.B.Mostofthempreferredhissong.C.Theyfoundhissonglessattractive.D.Noneofthemwereinterestedinhissong.11.What’sthemainmessageconveyedbythestudy?A.Birdsneedtosingtoimpresspossiblemates.B.Birdssingtomarktheirplaceandattractfemales.C.Regularexerciseisforkeepingbirds’singingperformance.D.Humansingingperformancecanbeimprovedbystudyingsongs.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员通过实验发现，鸟类需要经常歌唱以锻炼他们的声音肌肉，以产生高质量的歌声。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Inanewstudy,Adamandherteammembersofferanewexplanation,suggestingthatsongbirdsmayhavetosingalottogivetheirvocalmusclestheregularexercisetheyneedtoproducetopqualitysong.Thesefindingscouldberelatedtohumanvoicestoo.

(在一项新的研究中，亚当和她的团队成员提供了一种新的解释，他们认为鸣禽可能必须经常唱歌，才能让它们的发声肌肉得到定期锻炼，从而发出高质量的歌曲。这些发现也可能与人类的声音有关。)”可知，亚当和她的团队研究的重点是鸟类是否需要经常唱歌来保持它们的歌唱能力。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Nextshepreventedthebirdsfromsingingforaweekbykeepingtheminthedarkalmostaroundtheclock.Afteraweek,thebirds’vocalmuscleslosthalftheirstrength.

(接下来，她几乎全天候地把鸟儿关在黑暗中，让它们一个星期都不能唱歌。一周后，这些鸟的发声肌肉失去了一半的力量。)

”可知，一个星期不让鸟儿唱歌会让它们的发声肌肉失去一半的力量。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Whensheplayeditforagroupoffemalebirds,sixoutofninepreferredthesongthatcamefromamalewho’dbeenusinghissingingmusclesdaily.(当她为一群雌鸟播放这首歌时，九只雌鸟中有六只更喜欢每天都在使用唱歌肌肉的雄鸟发出的歌声。)”可知，大多数雌鸟更喜欢雄鸟每天用唱歌肌肉发出的声音。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Inanewstudy,Adamandherteammembersofferanewexplanation,suggestingthatsongbirdsmayhavetosingalottogivetheirvocalmusclestheregularexercisetheyneedtoproducetopqualitysong.Thesefindingscouldberelatedtohumanvoicestoo.

(在一项新的研究中，亚当和她的团队成员提供了一种新的解释，他们认为鸣禽可能必须经常唱歌，才能让它们的发声肌肉得到定期锻炼，从而发出高质量的歌曲。这些发现也可能与人类的声音有关。)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现，一些鸟类需要经常唱歌来保持它们的歌唱能力，因此C项(定期锻炼是为了保持鸟儿的歌唱能力)能够概括文章的大意。故选C。DTherearethousandsoflanguagesintheworld.Butwhichlanguageistheoldest?Expertsusedifferentmethodstofindouttheageofalanguage.Findingtheoldestlanguageisachallengingtask,accordingtoDannyHieber,anexpertinthestudyofendangeredlanguages.“Ifwethinkthatmostlanguagescandatebacktoanoriginalhumanlanguage,alllanguagesareequallyold,”Hiebersaid.However,it’simpossibletofindoutsuchlanguage—thedirectancestorofeverylanguageintheworld.Accordingly,someexpertsbelievethatthe“oldestlanguage”shouldbelongtoonewithawellestablishedwrittenrecord.Manyoftheearliestrecordedexamplesofwritingefromlanguagesthatusedcuneiformscript(楔形文字).AmongtheselanguagesareSumerianandAkkadian,bothdatingbackatleast4,600years.ExpertshavealsofoundEgyptianhieroglyphsthatdatetoaroundthesamehistoricalperiod.Thesehieroglyphs,whichcanbetranslatedinto“HehasunitedtheTwoLandsforhisson,DualKingPeribsen,”areconsideredtheearliestpletesentenceeverdiscovered.ExpertsgenerallyagreethatSumerian,AkkadianandEgyptianaretheoldestlanguageswithaclearwrittenrecord.Allthreeareextinct,meaningthattheyarenolongerusedanddon’thaveanylivingfollowerswhichcancarrythelanguagetothenextgeneration.Asfortheoldestlanguagethatisstillspoken,severalpetitorsappear.HebrewandArabicstandoutamongsuchlanguagesforhavingtimelinesthatexpertscanreasonablyfind,accordingtoHieber.Althoughtheseearliestwrittenlanguagesonlydatebackaround3,000years,Hiebersaid,“bothofthembelongtotheAfroasiaticlanguagefamily,whoserootsdatebackto18,000to8,000B.C.E.,orabout20,000to10,000yearsago.”Evenwiththiswideperiodoftime,itiswidelyacceptedthatAfroasiaticistheoldestlanguagefamily.ButtheexactpointintimewhenHebrewandArabicseparatedfromotherAfroasiaticlanguagesisheavilydebatedamongexperts.12.Howdoexpertsdeterminetheageofalanguage?A.Bystudyingitsspokendialects. B.Byanalyzingitsbasicgrammar.C.Byexaminingitswrittenrecords. D.Byparingittootherlanguages.13WhatisthevalueoftheEgyptianhieroglyphs?A.They’reanexampleofcuneiformscript. B.TheybelongtotheAfroasiaticlanguage.C.Theyprovideevidenceoftheoldestlanguage. D.They’retheearliestknownpletesentences.14Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extinct”inparagraph4mean?A.Gone B.Ancient. C.Outdated. D.Active.15.WhatisthemaindisagreementamongexpertsregardingHebrewandArabic?A.Thereasonfortheirstandingout. B.Theexacttimeoftheirseparation.C.Theappearanceoftheirpetitors. D.Therootsofearliestwrittenlanguages.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了专家是如何确定语言的年龄的以及一些已经灭绝了的古老语言。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Accordingly,someexpertsbelievethatthe“oldestlanguage”shouldbelongtoonewithawellestablishedwrittenrecord.(因此，一些专家认为，“最古老的语言”应该属于具有完善书面记录的语言)”可知，专家通过审查书面记录来确定一种语言的年龄。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thesehieroglyphs,whichcanbetranslatedinto“HehasunitedtheTwoLandsforhisson,DualKingPeribsen,”areconsideredtheearliestpletesentenceeverdiscovered.(这些象形文字可以翻译成“他为他的儿子——双王佩里布森统一了两块土地”，被认为是迄今为止发现的最早的完整句子)”可知，埃及象形文字的价值在于是已知最早的完整句子。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“meaningthattheyarenolongerusedanddon’thaveanylivingfollowerswhichcancarrythelanguagetothenextgeneration”可知，这三种语言不再被使用，也没有任何活着的追随者可以把这种语言传给下一代，即这三种语言都消失了。故划线词意思是“消失了的”。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ButtheexactpointintimewhenHebrewandArabicseparatedfromotherAfroasiaticlanguagesisheavilydebatedamongexperts.(但是，希伯来语和阿拉伯语从其他亚非语言中分离出来的确切时间点在专家之间存在激烈的争论)”可知，专家们对希伯来语和阿拉伯语的主要分歧是它们分离出来的确切时间。故选B。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)HowtoHostaBookSwapIfyoulovethewrittenword,youprobablyhaveapileofbookssomewhereinyourhome.____16____Ifyou’rebeingalarmedatthepriceofnewbooks,holdabookswap.TheideaisprettysimpleGuestsbringbookstoshare,andtheaccumulatedbooksarethenredistributedtonewowners.Ifyou’veneverheldabookswapbefore,hereareafewtips.Sendoutinvitations.Aformalinvitationshouldincludetheaddress,dateandduration.A2to3hourpartygiveseveryoneachancetoenjoythetimeandleavehappy.____17____Threebooksisprettystandard.Ifyouwantextrasaround,don’tsetamaximum.Provideenoughspace.Somepeopleuseonelargediningtableandstartpilingupbookswhentheyrunoutofspace._____18_____Theycanofferpeopleachancetoconsidertheirselectionswithouthavingtojugglepilesofbookswhilethey’redoingit.____19____Tomakesureguestscanfindwhatintereststhem,theeasiestwaytodothisistomartsectionsonthetableforspecifictypesofbooks.Whenpeoplearrive,handoutabriefsetofinstructions,askingthemtoplacetheirbooksintherightcategory.Makeitaparty.Whenyou’reintheplanningstages,thinkpartyandyou’llbeonestepaheadofthegame.____20____Createsomegoodinteractionswithalittlebackgroundmusic.Haveanareasetasideforcoatsandbags.Remember,youarehostingaparty!A.Organizebooksbytypes.B.Preparedifferentkindsofbooks.C.Offerfoodthat’seasytoeatinabiteortwoD.However,theareaaroundthebooktablemaybesmall.E.Butthere’salwaysanewbookaroundthatinterestsyou.F.Actually,acoupleoftablescantakecareoftheproblem.G.It’salsoagoodideatolimitthenumberofbooksguestsbring【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.A20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何举行一次换书活动。【16题详解】根据上文“Ifyoulovethewrittenword.youprobablyhaveapileofbookssomewhereinyourhome.(如果你喜欢文字。你家里可能有一堆书)”以及后文“Ifyou’rebeingalarmedatthepriceofnewbooks,holdabookswap.TheideaisprettysimpleGuestsbringbookstoshare,andtheaccumulatedbooksarethenredistributedtonewowners.Ifyou’veneverheldabookswapbefore,hereareafewtips.(如果你对新书的价格感到担忧，那就进行一次图书交换。这个想法很简单，客人带着书来分享，然后积累的书被重新分配给新的主人。如果你以前从未举办过换书活动，这里有一些建议)”可知，上文提到了书很多，后文则提到新书价格很贵，推测本句内容应与上文构成转折，指出对新书感兴趣。故E选项“但是总有一本你感兴趣的新书”符合语境，故选E。17题详解】根据后文“Threebooksisprettystandard.Ifyouwantextrasaround,don’tsetamaximum.(三本书是一个好标准。如果你想要额外的，不要设定上限)”可知，后文提到了三本书的标准，以及书籍的上限问题，可知本句是在说明带书的数量该如何安排。故G选项“限制客人带的书的数量也是个好主意”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Somepeopleuseonelargediningtableandstartpilingupbookswhentheyrunoutofspace.(有些人使用一张大餐桌，当空间不够时就开始把书堆起来)”以及后文“Theycanofferpeopleachancetoconsidertheirselectionswithouthavingtojugglepilesofbookswhilethey’redoingit.(它们可以让人们有机会考虑自己的选择，而不必在选择时翻阅成堆的书)”可知，本句主要针对上文空间不够的问题，提出解决方案。F选项中acoupleoftables对应后文They。故F选项“事实上，几张桌子就能解决问题了”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Tomakesureguestscanfindwhatintereststhem,theeasiestwaytodothisistomartsectionsonthetableforspecifictypesofbooks.Whenpeoplearrive,handoutabriefsetofinstructions,askingthemtoplacetheirbooksintherightcategory.(为了确保客人能找到他们感兴趣的书，最简单的方法是在桌子上为特定类型的书划分区域。当人们到达时，分发一套简短的说明，要求他们把书放在正确的类别)”可知，本段的主旨是为人们划分书籍的类型，来确保客人能找到他们感兴趣的书，故A选项“按类型整理书籍”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Whenyou’reintheplanningstages,thinkpartyandyou’llbeonestepaheadofthegame.(当你在计划阶段时，想想派对，你就会领先一步)”以及后文“Createsomegoodinteractionswithalittlebackgroundmusic.Haveanareasetasideforcoatsandbags.Remember,youarehostingaparty!(用一点背景音乐创造一些好的互动。留出一块地方放外套和包。记住，你正在举办一个聚会)”可知，本段主要建议通过举办派对的形式来举办换书活动，后文提到了音乐和放衣服的地方，结合常识，派对上还需要食物。故C选项“提供一两口就能吃完的食物”符合语境，故选C。第二部分语言运用(共五节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)LikemostofherschoolmatesinruralZimbabwe,12yearoldMelisahasjustonetypeoffoodinthemealcontainershebringsfromhome.Todayshefinds___21___sweetpotatoes.HerfriendNyaraihasplainrice.Others’tins___22___roastednuts,driedfish.Orboiledcorn.“Webringdifferentfoods,butnobodyhasa___23___meal,”explainsMelisa.Kidswithtoolittlefoodhavefaintedinclassor___24___droppedoutofschool.ButnowMelisaandherschoolmatesaregetting___25___whenitestowhattheyandkidswithtoolittlefoodaregettingmore,becausetheyaresharingwhat’sintheirtins.Atlunch,students___26___aroundtheschoolyardinsmallgroupsthattheycall“lunchtinclubs.”Withtheirparents’___27___,theysplituptheirfood.NyaraifindsherricetastierwhenshesharesitwithFarisaiandLinnet,whosharetheirdrinkordriedpiecesofmeatwithher.“____28____bringsvarietytothefoodweeat,”Farisaisays.“Anditisgoodforourhealthtoo.”Theclubsalso___29___newfriendships.AlthoughDennisandPrinceliveneareachotherandareclassmates,they___30___talkedorplayedtogetherbefore.Now,Princesays,“Wearebestfriendsatschoolandathome.”Irene,astudentteacher,seesanother___31___totheclubs.Kidsnowfreelyshareschoolsupplieswithoutquarreling.Theschooldoesnothaveenoughforeveryone,sotwokidsmaysitononechair,andfourmayusethe___32___book.“It’sdifficulttosharefoodwhenyouare____33____”Irenesays.“Ifyoucandothat,itbees___34___tosharemanyotherthings.”TheLunchTinclubscontributestosharingfoodandforming___35___.21.A.uncooked B.eaten C.boiled D.inplete22.A.hold B.cover C.press D.roll23.A.specific B.plete C.similar D.classic24.A.even B.suddenly C.hardly D.ever25.A.advice B.strength C.money D.variety26.A.walk B.sit C.look D.gather27.A.attention B.care C.permission D.hope28.A.Exploring B.Sharing C.Delivering D.Working29.A.wish B.suggest C.encourage D.change30.A.gradually B.often C.really D.rarely31.A.benefit B.help C.way D.success32.A.new B.same C.old D.different33.A.sad B.excited C.hungry D.fortable34.A.wiser B.easier C.harder D.calmer35.A.groups B.habits C.methods D.friendships【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.B29.C30.D31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了津巴布韦农村的学生互相分享各自的食物来填饱肚子，他们还成立了“午餐罐头俱乐部”，俱乐部同时也促进了学生之间的友谊。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天她找到了煮熟的红薯。A.uncooked未煮过的；B.eaten吃；C.boiled煮熟的；D.inplete不完整的。根据后文“Orboiledcorn.”可知，此处指找到煮熟的食物。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他罐子里装的是烤坚果、鱼干。A.hold容纳，包含；B.cover覆盖；C.press按压；D.roll翻滚。根据后文“roastednuts,driedfish”可知，此处指罐子里装有食物，应用hold。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们带来了不同的食物，但没有人有一顿完整的饭，”梅丽莎解释说。A.specific特别的；B.plete完整的；C.similar相似的；D.classic经典的。根据后文“Kidswithtoolittlefoodhavefaintedinclass”可知，孩子们的食物很少，没有人有一顿完整的饭，故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：食物太少的孩子会在课堂上晕倒，甚至辍学。A.even甚至；B.suddenly突然；C.hardly几乎不；D.ever曾经。根据后文“droppedoutofschool”可知，此处指程度加深，食物太少的孩子会在课堂上晕倒，甚至辍学。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，梅丽莎和她的同学们得到了各种各样的食物，那些食物太少的孩子们得到了更多的食物，因为他们分享了罐子里的食物。A.advice建议；B.strength力量；C.money金钱；D.variety多样性。根据后文“becausetheyaresharingwhat’sintheirtins”可知，他们因为分享了自己的食物，所以得到了各种各样的食物，即获得了多样性。后文“bringsvarietytothefoodweeat”也是提示。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：午餐时，学生们分成几个小组聚集在校园里，他们称之为“午餐罐头俱乐部”。A.walk散步；B.sit坐下；C.look看；D.gather聚集。根据后文“aroundtheschoolyardinsmallgroups”指孩子们分成几个小组聚集在校园里，开始分享午餐。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在父母的允许下，他们把食物分了。A.attention注意力；B.care关心；C.permission允许；D.hope希望。根据后文“theysplituptheirfood”可知，孩子们分食物是得到了父母的允许。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“分享给我们吃的食物带来了多样性，”法瑞赛说。“这对我们的健康也有好处。”A.Exploring探索；B.Sharing分享；C.Delivering递送；D.Working工作。根据后文“bringsvarietytothefoodweeat”以及上文说明孩子们分享食物，可知分享食物给他们带来了多样性。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些俱乐部还鼓励建立新的友谊。A.wish希望；B.suggest建议；C.encourage鼓励；D.change改变。根据后文“Now,Princesays,“Wearebestfriendsatschoolandathome.”(现在普林斯说：“我们在学校和家里都是最好的朋友。”)”可知，俱乐部鼓励建立新的友谊。故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然丹尼斯和普林斯住得很近，而且是同学，但他们以前很少在一起聊天或玩耍。A.gradually逐渐地；B.often经常；C.really真地；D.rarely很少。根据后文“Now,Princesays,“Wearebestfriendsatschoolandathome.”(现在普林斯说：“我们在学校和家里都是最好的朋友。”)”可知，两人如今才是好朋友，说明以前很少在一起聊天或玩耍，but表示转折关系。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾琳是一名实习教师，她看到了俱乐部的另一个好处。A.benefit好处；B.help帮助；C.way方法；D.success成功。后文“Kidsnowfreelyshareschoolsupplieswithoutquarreling.(孩子们现在自由地分享学习用品，没有争吵)”可知，此处是俱乐部的另一个好处。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校没有足够的座位给每个人，所以两个孩子可能坐在一张椅子上，四个孩子可能使用不同的书。A.new新的；B.same一样的；C.old老的；D.different不同的。根据上文“Theschooldoesnothaveenoughforeveryone,sotwokidsmaysitononechair,andfourmayusethe”以及上文“Kidsnowfreelyshareschoolsupplieswithoutquarreling.(孩子们现在自由地分享学习用品，没有争吵)”可知，四个孩子可以使用不同的书，互相分享。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾琳说：“当你饿的时候很难和别人分享食物。”A.sad悲伤的；B.excited激动的；C.hungry饥饿的；D.fortable舒服的。根据上文“It’sdifficulttosharefoodwhenyouare”以及常识可知，饥饿的时候难以和别人分享食物。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你能做到这一点，分享其他东西就会变得更容易。A.wiser更明智的；B.easier更容易的；C.harder更努力的；D.calmer更平静的。上文提到饥饿的时候难以和别人分享食物，所以如果你能做到饥饿的时候还去分享食物，那么分享其他东西就变得更容易了。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：午餐罐俱乐部有助于分享食物和建立友谊。A.groups组；B.habits习惯；C.methods方法；D.friendships友谊。呼应上文“newfriendships”可知，此处指午餐罐俱乐部有助于分享食物和建立友谊。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TaiChiisparofChina’straditionalculture.ItisauniquetypeofChinesekungfumarkedwithslowandgentlemovements___36___aredesignedforselfprotection,strengtheningofbodyandpreventionofdiseases.TaiChi’smovementswithdeepbreathingandrelaxationcanhelppromoteinnerpeaceandcalm,soitissuitable___37___peopleofdifferentages.TaiChi___38___(date)backasfaras2,500years.ItissaidthatZhangSanfeng,a13thcenturyTaoist,inventedTaiChiafterwatching____39____fightbetweenasnakeandabird.However,morepeopletendtobelievethatTaiChi___40___(develop)onthebasisofmartialartsskillsbyChenWangting,al7thcenturymasterofChinesemartialarts.Ingeneral,itisbelievedthatTaiChicanslowdownaging,strengthenmuscles,andaidinthetreatmentofheartdisease,skindiseasesandmanyother____41____(illness).Besides,TaiChicanimprovemoodifpeopleareworriedordepressed.Accordingtosomestudies,____42____(practice)TaiChionadailybasiscanalsohelppeoplegeta___43___(good)sleep.WithsomanybenefitsofTaiChi,moreandmorepeoplebegintopickupthis___44___(amaze)Chinesetraditionalsporttoimprovethequalityof____45____(they)life.【答案】36.which##that37.for38.dates39.a40.wasdeveloped41.illnesses42.practicing43.better44.amazing45.their【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国太极拳的历史发展及其作用意义。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一种独特的中国功夫，动作缓慢柔和，旨在自我保护，增强身体和预防疾病。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为movements，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：太极拳的动作伴随着深呼吸和放松，可以帮助促进内心的平静和平静，所以它适合不同年龄的人。besuitablefor“适合于”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填for。【38题详解】考查时态及主谓一致。句意：太极拳的历史可以追溯到2500年前。谓语动词date通常要用一般现在时，表示从现在追溯过去的历史，主语TaiChi为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：据说，13世纪的道家张三丰在观看了蛇与鸟的搏斗后，发明了太极拳。单数可数名词fight是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，fight以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。【40题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：然而，更多人倾向于认为太极拳是在17世纪中国武术大师陈王庭的武术技巧基础上发展起来的。动词develop和主语之间是被动关系，根据l7thcentury可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，TaiChi是单数，be动词使用was。故填wasdeveloped。【41题详解】考查名词复数。句意：一般来说，人们认为太极拳可以延缓衰老，增强肌肉，并有助于治疗心脏病，皮肤病和许多其他疾病。many后应用名词复数形式。故填illnesses。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据一些研究，每天练习太极也可以帮助人们获得更好的睡眠。分析可知，此处应用其动名词，作主语。故填practicing。【43题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据句意可知，此处应用其比较级作定语，修饰名词sleep，表示“更好的睡眠”。故填better。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：太极拳有这么多好处，越来越多的人开始选择这项令人惊叹的中国传统运动来提高他们的生活质量。修饰名词sport应用以ing结尾的形容词amazing作定语，意为“令人惊讶的”。故填amazing。【45题详解】考查物主代词。句意：同上。限定名词life，应用其形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填their。第三节请用括号内单词的适当形式填空。(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分)46.Al