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2023年下半年教师资格证《高中英语》真题及答案[单选题]1.Thepronunciationintheunderlinedpartoftheword“hyperbole”isthes(江南博哥)amethatin______.A.simileB.percentileC.fragileD.file正确答案:A参考解析:本题考查其他字母组合的发音规律。题干意为:“hyperbole”一词划线部分的发音与_______中的发音相同。hyperbole的发音是/haɪˈpɜːrbəlɪ/,simile的发音为/ˈsɪməlɪ/,因此与simile的划线部分le发音相同,均为/lɪ/。A项正确。B项:percentile的发音为/pərˈsentaɪl/,le发音为/l/。与题干不符,排除。C项:fragile的发音为/ˈfrædʒaɪl/,le发音为/l/。与题干不符,排除。D项:file的发音为/faɪl/,le发音为/l/。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为A。[单选题]2.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartisdifferfromtherestpronunciation?A.starvationB.situationC.satisfactionD.suggestion正确答案:D参考解析:本题考查其他字母组合的发音规律。题干意为:以下哪一个带下划线的部分与其余部分的发音不同?suggestion的发音是/səˈdʒestʃən/,tion的发音为/tʃən/,其他的发音均为/ʃn/。D项正确。A项:starvation的发音为/stɑ:ˈveɪʃn/,tion发音为/ʃn/。与题干不符,排除。B项:situation的发音为/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/,tion发音为/ʃn/。与题干不符,排除。C项:satisfaction的发音为/ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/,tion发音为/ʃn/。与题干不符,排除。本题为选非题,故正确答案为D。[单选题]3.Graduatesfromteachers’collegesaretoldthatitisnotalwaysasmooth______frombeingacollegestudenttobeingaschoolteacher.A.transmissionB.transitionC.transformationD.transaction正确答案:B参考解析:本题考查名词词义辨析。题干意为:师范院校的毕业生们被事先告知,从大学生到学校教师的转变不总是一帆风顺的。根据“frombeingacollegestudenttobeingaschoolteacher”,可知,此处强调“转变,过渡”。transition意为“转变,过渡(从一种情况到另一种情况)”。B项正确。A项:transmission意为“传送,传输(交通或者物质上的交换)”。与题干不符,排除。C项:transformation意为“转变(外观或性质的转变)”。与题干不符,排除。D项:transaction意为“交易(金融方面的交换)”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为B。[单选题]4.Hewasaccuseofthe______behaviorinhisbusinessdealings.A.improperB.impotentC.ineligibleD.inadequate正确答案:A参考解析:本题考查形容词词义辨析。题干意为:他被指控在商业交易中有不当的行为。根据句意可知,此处因为不当的行为而被指控。improper意为“不适当的”。A项正确。B项:impotent意为“无力的,无效的”。与题干不符,排除。C项:ineligible意为“不合格的”。与题干不符,排除。D项:inadequate意为“不充足的”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为A。[单选题]5.Whichofthefollowingisformedbyprefixation?A.gangsterB.decreaseC.clockwiseD.picturesque正确答案:B参考解析:本题考查构词法。题干意为:下列哪项是通过添加前缀形成的?前缀指放在词干前的词缀,因此只有decrease是通过前缀法形成的,即de+crease。B项正确。A项:gangster意为“歹徒、匪徒”,是通过添加名词后缀“ster”形成的。与题干不符,排除。C项:clockwise意为“顺时针方向地”,是通过添加副词后缀“wise”形成的。与题干不符,排除。D项:picturesque意为“风景如画的、栩栩如生的”,是通过添加形容词后缀“esque”形成的。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为B。[单选题]6.______,amanwhocouldexpresshimselfeffectivelyismorelikelytosucceedthanthosewhocannot.A.OtherthingstobeequalB.TobeequalinotherthingsC.OtherthingsbeingequalD.Tobeequaltootherthings正确答案:C参考解析:本题考查独立主格。题干意为:在其他条件相同的情况下,一个能有效表达自己的人比一个语言表达能力差的人更容易获得成功。根据句子结构可知,此处前后无连词,用逗号连接,因此只能有一个谓语动词is,故空格处为独立主格结构,排除B、D项;并且此处无将来含义,应用现在分词being。C项正确。A、B、D三项:均与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为C。[单选题]7.Somespecialistsinceramictechnologyhavedevelopedauniquetubethat______installedinwalls,drawswateroutandensuresthatitstaysoutforgood.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.while正确答案:C参考解析:本题考查时间状语从句。题干意为:一些陶瓷技术的专家开发了一种独特的管道,当安装在墙上时,它可以排出水分,并确保它永远保持在室外。根据句子结构可知,空前that引导定语从句,修饰先行词tube,定语从句中又包含了一个由when引导的时间状语从句whenitisinstalledinwalls,根据状语从句省略的规则(主从句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,省略从句的主语和be动词),可省略itis。C项正确。A、B两项:均不可引导时间状语从句。与题干不符,排除。D项:while引导时间状语从句时,需要用延续性动词。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为C。[单选题]8.Teachersandstudentsfrommanycountriesparticipatedintheworkshops______thethemeofthebookwaspresented.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what正确答案:B参考解析:本题考查关系词的常规用法。题干意为:来自多个国家的教师和学生参加了介绍该书主题的研讨会。根据句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词workshops,定语从句不缺主语、宾语、表语、定语,因此用关系副词where引导,表示抽象的地点。B项正确。A项:that关系代词,即可指人也可指物,在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,表语。与题干不符,排除。C项:which关系代词,指物,在定语从句中充当主语,宾语。与题干不符,排除。D项:what不引导定语从句。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为B。[单选题]9.Ifateachersystematicallyanalyzesclassroominteractionssuchasturn-taking,overlapping,feedbackandcommunicationbreakdown,he/shetypicallydoes______.A.contrastiveanalysisB.conversationanalysisC.needsanalysisD.erroranalysis正确答案:B参考解析:本题考查课堂活动的组织形式。题干意为:如果老师系统地分析课堂互动,如话轮重复、交叉互动、反馈和交流失败,那么这位教师通常会______。根据关键词“classroominteractions”,可知,老师在分析会话的过程,属于会话分析。conversationanalysis意为“会话分析”,是一种专门用于分析交流和社会互动的研究方法。B项正确。A项:contrastiveanalysis意为“对比分析”,是一种语言学方法,主要用于比较两种或多种语言的结构,以找出它们之间的相似性和差异性。与题干不符,排除。C项:needsanalysis意为“需求分析”,通常用于教育或培训环境中,以确定学习者或组织的具体需要,这种分析有助于制定更加针对性的教学计划或培训方案。与题干不符,排除。D项:erroranalysis意为“错误分析”,是应用在第二语言习得研究和教学中的一种方法,专注于分析学习者在使用第二语言时所犯的错误。这种分析有助于了解学习者在何种情况下容易犯错,以及为何会犯错,进而可以针对性教学。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为B。[单选题]10.Whatarelationshipexistsintheutterance“InBritain,thepoweroftheunionsincreaseanextradread,makingBritishpoliticsaspecialcase”?A.Cause-effectB.Problem-situationC.Tool-achievementD.Phenomenon-example正确答案:D参考解析:本题考查语篇教学。题干意为:“在英国,工会的权力增加了额外的恐惧,这使得英国政治成为一个特例”中存在什么样的文本关系?根据题干中后半句的关键词“aspecialcase”可以推断,后句是对前句的进一步补充说明,因此前后句为“现象-例子”的关系。D项正确。A项:Cause-effect意为“原因-结果”。与题干不符,排除。B项:Problem-situation意为“问题-情况”。与题干不符,排除。C项:Tool-achievement意为“工具-成就”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为D。[单选题]11.Whatstrategydoestheteacherwantthestudentstodevelopifhe/sheencouragesthemtousemimeorgesturestomakethemselvesunderstood?A.CognitivestrategyB.CommunicativestrategyC.AffectivestrategyD.Meta-cognitivestrategy正确答案:B参考解析:本题考查课程内容中的学习策略。题干意为:如果老师鼓励学生使用哑剧或手势来让他们理解自己,他/她希望学生发展什么策略?根据普通高中英语课程标准可知,高中英语学习策略包括:元认知策略,认知策略,交际策略和情感策略,而使用哑剧或手势等非语言手段属于交际策略。Communicativestrategy意为“交际策略”。B项正确。A项:Cognitivestrategy意为“认知策略”,指学生为了完成具体语言学习活动而采取的步骤和方法。与题干不符,排除。C项:Affectivestrategy意为“情感策略”,指学生为了调控学习情绪、保持积极的学习态度而采取的策略。与题干不符,排除。D项:Meta-cognitivestrategy意为“元认知策略”,指学生为了提高英语学习效率,计划、监控、评价、反思和调整学习过程或学习结果的策略。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为B。[单选题]12.Deducingthemeaningofawordfromcontextisoneofthesub-skillsof______.A.listeningandspeakingB.listeningandreadingC.speakingandwritingD.readingandwriting正确答案:B参考解析:本题考查听力和阅读基本技能。题干意为:从上下文中推断单词的意思是______的子技能之一。在听对话或读文章时,常常会遇到一些未见过的生词,这类生词或短语的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。该技能常出现在听力或阅读课上,通过此技能可以扫清阅读材料或听力材料中的语言障碍。B项正确。A项:listeningandspeaking意为“听力和口语”,在说的过程中,通常不需要从上下文中推断单词的意义。与题干不符,排除。C项:speakingandwriting意为“口语和写作”,这两个技能更多地涉及到表达而不是理解。与题干不符,排除。D项:readingandwriting意为“阅读和写作”,尽管写作中确实有时需要根据上下文来选择合适的词汇,但这不是从上下文中推断词义。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为B。[单选题]13.Whichofthefollowingisacontrolledpracticeindevelopingstudents’languagecompetence?A.DictationB.DiscussionC.DebatingD.Writinganemail正确答案:A参考解析:本题考查教学活动。题干意为:在发展学生学习能力过程中,下面的哪一项属于控制性练习。控制性练习活动重视语言的形式和准确性,使学生关注语言的某些结构或功能,以便准确的说出语言,如:阅读,背诵,模仿,重复。Dictation意为“听写”属于控制性活动。A项正确。B项:Discussion意为“讨论”,属于开放性或创造性活动。与题干不符,排除。C项:Debating意为“辩论”,属于开放性或创造性活动。与题干不符,排除。D项:Writinganemail意为“写邮件”,半控制性或半机械化活动。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为A。[单选题]14.Whatroledoesateacherplaywhentakingpartinstudents’groupwork?A.monitorB.AninstructorC.AnevaluatorD.participant正确答案:D参考解析:本题考查教师的角色与作用。题干意为:当教师参与到学生的小组活动中时,扮演了什么角色?当教师参与进学生的讨论时,教师和学生一起交流,共同完成小组任务,体现了参与者(Aparticipant)的角色。D项正确。A项:Amonitor意为“监察者”,指在学生活动时,教师走下讲台进行巡视,监控学生的活动方向是否正确,是否讨论本节课主题。与题干不符,排除。B项:Aninstructor意为“指导者”。一是指导学生有效地进行自主学习、独立学习,使学生明确学习目的,激发学生的学习兴趣,教给学生学习策略和方法,提高学习效率。二是承认并尊重学生间的不同,给予学生平等的学习机会,指导不同主体从多方面评价学生的发展。与题干不符,排除。C项:Anevaluator意为“评价者”。教师作为评价者主要有两方面的含义:纠正错误和组织反馈。纠正错误的方式应该是温和的,避免伤害到学生的自尊心。组织反馈是指教师在学生完成任务后,要及时总结并给予反馈,并有针对性地提出一些建设性的建议。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为D。[单选题]15.Whatdoesateacherintendtodowhenaskingstudentstoputjumbledparagraphsintoameaningfulpassage?A.Toenhancestudents’abilitytoguesswordmeaningfromcontext.B.Todevelopstudents’awarenessofreadingforthemainidea.C.Toenhancestudents’abilitytoreadforspecificinformation.D.Todevelopstudents’awarenessofcohesionandcoherence.正确答案:D参考解析:本题考查语篇教学的概念。题干意为“当教师要求学生把杂乱的段落编成一篇有意义的文章时,教师的意图是什么”。语篇由一个以上的句子或段落组成,各句子或段落之间在形式上是衔接的,语义上是连贯的。题干中,将乱序的段落整理成一篇文章,是在锻炼学生的语篇能力。D项意为“培养学生衔接和连贯的意识”,符合题意,当选。A项:意为“提高学生在语境中猜测词义的能力”。与题干不符,排除。B项:意为“培养学生阅读文章以获取主旨的意识”。与题干不符,排除。C项:意为“提高学生阅读文章以获取特定信息的能力”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为D。[单选题]16.Whichofthefollowingisthefirststepaccordingtothecommunicativeapproachofgrammarteaching?A.Consolidatingstudents’useofgrammarrules.B.Exposingstudentstonewgrammaticalitemsinuse.C.Providingstudentswithchancesofusinggrammarrules.D.Gettingstudentstomemorizetheformofgrammarrules.正确答案:B参考解析:本题考查练习方法。题干意为:根据语法教学的交际法,以下哪一项是第一步?在交际教学法提倡语言的恰当使用,认为语言的学习要放在具体的、有意义的交际环境中。利用交际教学法提倡的理念进行语法教学,首先需要让学生在真实或模拟的语境中接触到新的语法结构,从而引发他们的兴趣和需要。Exposingstudentstonewgrammaticalitemsinuse.意为“让学生接触使用中的新语法项目。”。B项正确。A项:Consolidatingstudents’useofgrammarrules.意为“巩固学生对语法规则的使用”。与题干不符,排除。C项:Providingstudentswithchancesofusinggrammarrules.意为“为学生提供使用语法规则的机会”。与题干不符,排除。D项:Gettingstudentstomemorizetheformofgrammarrules.意为“让学生记住语法规则的形式”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为B。[单选题]17.Whichofthefollowingactivescanbeusedtoengagestudentsincommunicationatthepost-readingstage?A.Recitingthetext.B.Readingthetextaloud.C.Exchangingpersonalviewsonthetext.D.Fillingintheblankofthetextsummary.正确答案:C参考解析:本题考查阅读教学活动。题干意为“在读后阶段,以下哪个活动可以让学生参与到交流中来”。在阅读教学中,读后环节主要考查学生对本节课知识的掌握程度,以及对目标语言的运用和表达能力,鼓励学生将所阅读的内容与自己的经历、知识、兴趣和观点联系起来。在这一环节,通常可以进行小组讨论、辩论、模拟写作等练习。C项意为“就课文交换个人意见”,符合题意,当选。A项:意为“背诵课文”。与题干不符,排除。B项:意为“大声朗读课文”。与题干不符,排除。D项:意为“对课文概要进行填空”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为C。[单选题]18.Whattechniquewashe/sheusingifateacherkeptsaying“Yes,anythingelse?”toastudentwhowassharingideasaboutEnglishlearning?A.ElicitationB.ExplanationC.ParaphrasingD.Exemplification正确答案:A参考解析:本题考查课堂提问。题干意为:如果老师一直对一个正在分享英语学习想法的学生说“是的,还有别的吗?”这个老师使用什么策略?根据老师的语言可知,这位老师不断提问、引导学生继续表达自己的观点直到得出答案,符合启发法的做法。Elicitation意为“启发,引导”。A项正确。B项:Explanation意为“解释”。与题干不符,排除。C项:Paraphrasing意为“释义”。与题干不符,排除。D项:Exemplification意为“举例说明”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为A。[单选题]19.WhichofthefollowingisleastappropriateinteachingEnglishpronunciationtobeginners?A.Askingstudentstodiscriminatesignificantsoundfeatures.B.Askingstudentstoreadwordsaloudwithcorrectpronunciation.C.Requiringstudentstoproduceintelligibleandacceptablesounds.D.Teachingstudentsthetechnicalformsofphoneticsandphonology.正确答案:D参考解析:本题考查教学内容。题干意为:以下哪一项最不适合教初学者英语发音?基础教育阶段的语音教学主要目标为培养学生听音、辨音,以及准确发音的能力,从而形成正确的发音习惯。但对于初学者来讲,不要求在学习初期去掌握语音方面的专业术语。D项与题干相符,当选。A项:Askingstudentstodiscriminatesignificantsoundfeatures.意为“要求学生区分重要的语音特征”。与题干不符,排除。B项:Askingstudentstoreadwordsaloudwithcorrectpronunciation.意为“要求学生按照正确的读音大声朗读单词”。与题干不符,排除。C项:Requiringstudentstoproduceintelligibleandacceptablesounds.意为“要求学生发出可接受和理解的音”。与题干不符,排除。本题为选非题,故正确答案为D。[单选题]20.Whichofthefollowingactivitymainlyfocusonmeaninganduse?A.StudentstalkaboutwhattheydidlastSunday.B.Studentswritedowntherulesofsimplepasttense.C.Studentsmarkallthesentenceswithsimplepasttense.D.Studentscorrectthespellingmistakesintheirhomework.正确答案:A参考解析:本题考查教学内容。题干意为:以下哪项活动主要关注意义和用法?语法教学的教学内容主要有三方面:①语言形式/结构(Languageform/structure)包括词法(morphology)、句法(syntax)等。②语义(Languagemeaning)指语法形式和结构的意义。③语用(Languageuse)指语言在语境或语篇中的功用。如若关注意义和用法,需要学生在适当的情境中自由使用所学的语法项目进行交流的活动。它强调以交际为目的的意义输出或理解。常见练习形式:讲故事、情景对话、小组讨论、角色扮演等。A项正确。B项:Studentswritedowntherulesofsimplepasttense.意为“学生写下一般过去时的规则”。与题干不符,排除。C项:Studentsmarkallthesentenceswithsimplepasttense.意为“学生用一般过去时造句”。与题干不符,排除。D项:Studentscorrectthespellingmistakesintheirhomework.意为“学生改正他们作业中的拼写错误”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为A。[问答题]1.成长档案袋是形成性评价的一种手段,简述其对学生发展的两个主要作用(8分)。并列举档案袋中应有的四项内容。(12分)正确答案:详见解析参考解析:(1)成长档案袋对学生发展的作用有:①记录成长历程学生可以将自己的作品、成绩等信息收入档案袋中,形成自己专属的成长档案,更好地回顾自己的发展过程,发现自身优点和不足,记录成长足迹。②评估进步过程成长档案袋可以提供评估工具,如学分绩点、专业排名等,帮助学生进行自我评估,及时发现自己的优势和不足,调整学习计划。③促进个性化发展成长档案袋可以根据学生的个人特点进行定制,帮助学生发掘自己的潜力,实现个性化发展。同时,学生也可以通过成长档案袋展示自己的特长和兴趣爱好,增强自信心和成就感。④辅助教师开展针对性教学成长档案袋可以帮助教师更好地了解学生的特点和需求,提供针对性的指导和建议,有助于提高教学效果。同时,教师也可以通过成长档案袋了解学生的学习进度和发展情况,及时调整自己的教学方案,因材施教。(答案仅供参考,任选2点作答即可)(2)成长档案袋中应收入的四项内容包括:①学期寄语:学生自己在学期初设计本学期的计划或努力达成的目标,为新学期做好自我规划,并在本学期为之努力。②学习成果:学生日常的优秀成果及每学期学生素质报告单的收集和整理,如艺术类作品(手抄报,书法等)、成绩单、奖励奖状、获奖作文等。③社会活动:担任学校、班级学生干部,或在经学校认可的社团组织任职情况,参加社会公益活动记录等。④综合分析:老师根据学生的表现进行综合评价,深入了解每一个学生,促进学生的全面发展。[问答题]2.根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。下面是某教师设计的一节听说课的教学设计片段:Step1:(2mins)Askthestudentstolookatsomepicturesofdifferentsportsandsomepicturesofe-sports.Thenaskthemthefollowingquestions:1.What’se-sports?2.Doyoulikee-sports?Why?Step2:(5mins)ListeningtoConversation1andtrytogetthemainidea,payingattentiontothe4aspects:what/who/when/why.Mainidea:ShenQicallsAmytocometoane-sportseventbutAmypolitelyrefuses.Step3:(10mins)Adamiscomingtoasportsevent.ListentoConversation2andanswerthequestions:1.Whenwilltheeventhappen?2.What’sa“BluePaint”run?3.Whyisitcalleda“BluePaint”run?4.If200peopletakepartintherunand400balloonsaresold,howmuchmoneywilltheycollect?根据所给信息回答下列问题:(1)分析各步骤设计意图。(12分)(2)分析该教案存在的三个问题。(9分)(3)针对问题提出相应的改进意见。(9分)正确答案:详见解析参考解析:(1)各步骤设计意图如下;Step1的内容为导入环节,通过询问学生两个问题,引导学生了解e-sports以及激发学生对于e-sports的喜爱。从而将学生的注意力转移到课堂活动上,同时自然而然地引出本节课的核心话题。Step2的内容为听中环节,引导学生去听对话一的主旨大意以及细节信息。比如具体的事件、人物、时间、原因,在完成不同层次的听力任务过程中,学生能够了解文本内容,获取一定的细节信息,提高听力水平和技巧。此外,学生通过做任务可以体会到在做中学,学中做的乐趣。Step3引导学生听对话二的内容,了解Bluepaintrun这一运动项目以及筹集资金帮助他人,激发学生服务社会奉献社会的意识。(2)该教案存在的三个问题:问题1:针对教师在第一个活动中同时呈现了常规体育的图片和e-sports的图片,但是仅针对e-sports进行提问,没有充分利用好现有的教学资源。问题2:根据对Step2和Step3的描述和提出的相关问题可知,两个环节听的材料是不同的材料,那么对于conversation1没有设计针对细节信息的问题;同理,对于conversation2没有先进泛听活动,故两个对话都没有做到循序渐进的听。问题3:Step2既概括了大意,又梳理了细节内容,时间为5分钟,用时不合理,未给予学生恰当的时间理解对话内容。(3)改进建议:针对第一个问题,教师可以省去展示常规体育活动的图片,直接展示e-sports的图片然后引发讨论,或将两种形式放在一起进行提问,例如“Whatarethedifferencesbetweenregularsportsande-sports”。针对第二个问题,建议将conversation1和conversation2合并成一个整体,首先听主旨大意,然后听细节。在听细节时候,可以先听conversation1然后暂停提问,再听conversation2进行提问,以免对话过长,给学生造成学习压力。针对第三个问题,建议教师将教学时间调整至8-10分钟,给学生充分的思考以及消化听力材料的时间,增强学习效率。[问答题]3.设计任务:请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材,设计一个20分钟的写作课。教案没有固定格式,但须包含下列要点:①teachingobjectives②teachingcontents③keyanddifficultpoints④majorstepsandtimeallocation⑤activitiesandjustifications教学时间:20分钟学生概况:某城镇普通中学高中三年级学生,班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准(2017年版2020年修订)》学业质量水平的要求。学生课堂参与积极性较高。语言素材:Oneday,amanfoundthepupaofabutterfly.Seeinganopeninginthepupa,herealizedthatthebutterflywasreadytoemerge.So,hesatdownandwatchedasthebutterflystruggledtoforceitsbodythroughthelittlehole.However,minutespassed,andthebutterflystillcouldn’tgetout.Thestrugglewastoohardforitsweakbody.Themanthenkindlyenlargedtheholeinthepupasothatthebutterflycouldfinallybreakfree.Butinsteadofflyingaway,itjustdraggeditselfaroundweakly,thendied.Thestruggletobreakoutofthepupawasnecessaryforthebutterfly’ssurvivalbecauseitenableditswingsandbodytogrowstrong.Withoutthestruggle,itwastooweaktolive.Writing:LessonfromNature-Themeaningofstruggle正确答案:详见解析参考解析:1.Teachingcontents:ThisisawritinglessonwhichmainlytalksaboutthelessonsfromNature.2.Teachingobjectives:①Studentscanlearnfromthetextaboutitsstructureandfeature.②Studentscanwriteapassagewithacertaintopic:LessonfromNature-Themeaningofstruggle.③Studentscanrealizethattherearemanyphilosophiesinnatureandlearntorespectnature.④Studentscananalyzethestructureandthefeatureofthesampleandusewhatthey’vegottoorganizetheirowncompositionanduseEnglishtothinkindependentlyandcreatively.⑤Studentswillbewillingtotakepartintheclassactivitiesandcooperatewithothergroupmembers.3.KeyanddifficultpointsKeypoint:Helpstudentsanalyzethesample.Difficultpoint:Guidestudentstoconceivewritingmaterial.4.MainstepsStep1Pre-writing(8mins)1.Learningaboutthesample(1)Theteacherwillguidestudentstoreadthematerialtosummarizethetopicofit.Thenstudentswillanswersomequestionsaboutthematerial.Q1:Whathappenedafterthemanenlargedtheholeonthepupa?Q2:Whydidstrugglehelpthebutterflysurvive?(2)Studentswillreadthesampleagaintosummarizethebasicstructureofnarration,andtheyshouldalsopayattentiontothetopicsentences,transitionalwords,logicalrelationsandsoon.2.ConceivingwritingmaterialStudentswillworkingroupsoffourtotalkaboutfablestheyknow,andwritedownsomeideas.Representativesfromeachgroupwillsharetheirdiscussionresults,includingsomeusefulphrases,sentencesandsoon.3.OutliningTheteacherwillguidestudentstowriteanoutline.Studentswillputtheideastheyhavejustwrittendowninorder.(Justification:Throughaboveactivities,studentswillbepreparedtowritetheirowncomposition.Theywillknowhowtowriteandwhattowrite.)Step2While-writing(7mins)DraftingStudentsshouldwritetheirowncompositionsbasedontheexpressionstheygetfromaboveactivitiesandtheyshouldkeepawatchfuleyeonthespelling,grammar,punctuationandsoon.Inthemeantime,theteacherwillwalkaroundtoofferhelpifnecessary.(Justification:Throughaboveactivities,studentswillfinishtheirwritingandtheirwritingabilitywillbeimproved.)Step3Post-writing(5mins)1.Editing(1)Self-editing:Theteacherwillgivestudentsashorttimetogothroughtheirwritingstocorrectmistakesinspellingandgrammar.(2)Peer-editing:Studentswillexchangetheircompositionswitheachotherandcorrectmistakesinspellingandgrammar.Theycanalsogivesuggestionsaboutpolishingwitheachother.2.DisplayingandevaluatingTheteacherwillinvitesomestudentstosharetheirpassageswiththewholeclassandguideotherstudentstoevaluatethesepassages,thentheteacherwillmakeaconclusion.(Justification:Throughtheseactivities,studentswillregulatetheirlanguageandworkoutbetterideasorexpressions,andtheywillimprovetheirwritingskills.Besides,theywillbemorewillingtosharetheirideasinpublicandlearnfromeachother.)共享题干题Passage1Everyteacherfacesauniquesetofchallenges.Studentsaresodifferentfromyeartoyear,daytoday,subjecttosubject,evenhourtohour,thatplanningisoftenanexerciseintakingrisksandworkingwithuncertainties.Usually,thereactiontocontentwilldifferfromstudenttostudentinthesameclass.Weoftenteachtohalftheclass,strugglingtoreachtherest.Ahandfulofstudentsaresometimesdeemedunreachable.Someteachers,whenconfrontedwiththesedilemmas,shrugtheirshoulders.Thecurriculum,astheyseeit,isbeyondtheircontrol.Itisdeterminedbythestate,bythedistrict,bytheend-of-yeartests,orbythetextbooks.Alltheyhavetodoisinstruct.Ifthecurriculumisinappropriateorboringorirrelevant,thereisnothingtheycando.Itdoesnothavetobethatway.Teacherscananddomakecurriculardecisions,whethertheyrealizeitornot.Theychoosetoemphasizecertaintopics,hurrythroughothers,ormaybeevenskipaportionoftheofficialcurriculum.Manywillintroducetheirhobbiesorinterests,suchasquilting,skiing,ortheRenaissance,evenifitisnotadesignatedtopicinthecurriculumguide.Theydonotdoittobe“subversive”necessarily,butbecausethosedecisionsarebestforthechildrentheyteach.Theyareexercisingtheirprofessionalresponsibilities.Parentsandadministratorsdonotobjectwhenteachers’curriculardecisionsareresponsibleones.Onlythefoolishorharmfuldecisionsarelikelytoleadtonegativeconsequences.Indeed,thebestteachersweknowaretheoneswhoadjustthecurriculumtomeettheirstudents’needs.Theseexemplaryteachershaveearnedtheirreputationsbecausetheirstudentsaremotivatedtolearn.Theynotonlyleadthehorsestowater,theyputsaltintheiroatstomakethemdrink!Butnoteveryteacherhasthegiftofmakingoutstandingcurriculardecisions.Andsometimeseventhemostastuteteacherswillmakemistakes.Thepossibilityofmakingpoorcurriculardecisionsisreducedwhenstudentsaregiventheresponsibilityofchoosingcontent.Studentstendtoselecttopicsthatinterestthem,thusavoidingmotivationproblems.Theirchoicesreflecttheiractualneeds,ratherthanthoseperceivedbyadults.Itmakesforamoreefficientcurriculumdevelopmentprocess.Curriculardecision-makingpowerbelongsinthehandsofstudentsbecauseitistheirlivesthatarebeingaffected-theirday-to-dayschoollivesandalsotheirfuturelives.Givingthemthispowerisnotafad,orawayforteacherstopassthebuck.Itisamethodofdevelopingautonomy,motivatingchildrentolearn,anddevelopingstrongcitizenshipskills.[单选题]1.Accordingtothepassagewhatcanbedoneifacurriculumisinappropriate?A.Itshouldbemodifiedandadapted.B.Itshouldbeignoredandabandoned.C.Itsdesignatedtopicsshouldbecorrected.D.Itsguidelinesshouldbestrictlyadheredto.正确答案:A参考解析:本题考查细节推断。题干意为:根据这篇文章,如果课程不合适,该怎么办?根据第三段“Teacherscananddomakecurriculardecisions,whethertheyrealizeitornot.Theychoosetoemphasizecertaintopics,hurrythroughothers,ormaybeevenskipaportionoftheofficialcurriculum.”以及“Indeed,thebestteachersweknowaretheoneswhoadjustthecurriculumtomeettheirstudents'needs.”可以推断,如果课程不合适,教师可以进行适当的修改和调整。“Itshouldbemodifiedandadapted.”意为“应该对其进行修改和调整”。A项正确。B项:Itshouldbeignoredandabandoned.意为“它应该被忽视和抛弃”。与题干不符,排除。C项:Itsdesignatedtopicsshouldbecorrected.意为“其指定主题应更正”。与题干不符,排除。D项:Itsguidelinesshouldbestrictlyadheredto.意为“应严格遵守其准则”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为A。Everyteacherfacesauniquesetofchallenges.Studentsaresodifferentfromyeartoyear,daytoday,subjecttosubject,evenhourtohour,thatplanningisoftenanexerciseintakingrisksandworkingwithuncertainties.Usually,thereactiontocontentwilldifferfromstudenttostudentinthesameclass.Weoftenteachtohalftheclass,strugglingtoreachtherest.Ahandfulofstudentsaresometimesdeemedunreachable.Someteachers,whenconfrontedwiththesedilemmas,shrugtheirshoulders.Thecurriculum,astheyseeit,isbeyondtheircontrol.Itisdeterminedbythestate,bythedistrict,bytheend-of-yeartests,orbythetextbooks.Alltheyhavetodoisinstruct.Ifthecurriculumisinappropriateorboringorirrelevant,thereisnothingtheycando.Itdoesnothavetobethatway.Teacherscananddomakecurriculardecisions,whethertheyrealizeitornot.Theychoosetoemphasizecertaintopics,hurrythroughothers,ormaybeevenskipaportionoftheofficialcurriculum.Manywillintroducetheirhobbiesorinterests,suchasquilting,skiing,ortheRenaissance,evenifitisnotadesignatedtopicinthecurriculumguide.Theydonotdoittobe“subversive”necessarily,butbecausethosedecisionsarebestforthechildrentheyteach.Theyareexercisingtheirprofessionalresponsibilities.Parentsandadministratorsdonotobjectwhenteachers’curriculardecisionsareresponsibleones.Onlythefoolishorharmfuldecisionsarelikelytoleadtonegativeconsequences.Indeed,thebestteachersweknowaretheoneswhoadjustthecurriculumtomeettheirstudents’needs.Theseexemplaryteachershaveearnedtheirreputationsbecausetheirstudentsaremotivatedtolearn.Theynotonlyleadthehorsestowater,theyputsaltintheiroatstomakethemdrink!Butnoteveryteacherhasthegiftofmakingoutstandingcurriculardecisions.Andsometimeseventhemostastuteteacherswillmakemistakes.Thepossibilityofmakingpoorcurriculardecisionsisreducedwhenstudentsaregiventheresponsibilityofchoosingcontent.Studentstendtoselecttopicsthatinterestthem,thusavoidingmotivationproblems.Theirchoicesreflecttheiractualneeds,ratherthanthoseperceivedbyadults.Itmakesforamoreefficientcurriculumdevelopmentprocess.Curriculardecision-makingpowerbelongsinthehandsofstudentsbecauseitistheirlivesthatarebeingaffected-theirday-to-dayschoollivesandalsotheirfuturelives.Givingthemthispowerisnotafad,orawayforteacherstopassthebuck.Itisamethodofdevelopingautonomy,motivatingchildrentolearn,anddevelopingstrongcitizenshipskills.[单选题]2.Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Thetimeandweatherofday.B.Thepersonalityfactorofthestudents.C.Theenvironmentofstudents’learning.D.Theunpredictabilityofstudents’learning.正确答案:D参考解析:本题考查指代内容。题干意为:第三段中的下划线词“it”指的是什么?在第三段中“it”是指上文出现的内容,因此回看第二段。根据第二段“Ahandfulofstudentsaresometimesdeemedunreachable.Someteachers,whenconfrontedwiththesedilemmas,shrugtheirshoulders.”可知,教师对这个现象而表现出的态度和采取的决策是一种放任的状态,因此是根据学生的学习情况的不确定性而导致的。Theunpredictabilityofstudents’learning.意为“学生学习的不可预测性”。D项正确。A项:Thetimeandweatherofday.意为“时间和天气”。与题干不符,排除。B项:Thepersonalityfactorofthestudents.意为“学生的个性因素”。与题干不符,排除。C项:Theenvironmentofstudents’learning.意为“学生学习的环境”。与题干不符,排除。故正确答案为D。Everyteacherfacesauniquesetofchallenges.Studentsaresodifferentfromyeartoyear,daytoday,subjecttosubject,evenhourtohour,thatplanningisoftenanexerciseintakingrisksandworkingwithuncertainties.Usually,thereactiontocontentwilldifferfromstudenttostudentinthesameclass.Weoftenteachtohalftheclass,strugglingtoreachtherest.Ahandfulofstudentsaresometimesdeemedunreachable.Someteachers,whenconfrontedwiththesedilemmas,shrugtheirshoulders.Thecurriculum,astheyseeit,isbeyondtheircontrol.Itisdeterminedbythestate,bythedistrict,bytheend-of-yeartests,orbythetextbooks.Alltheyhavetodoisinstruct.Ifthecurriculumisinappropriateorboringorirrelevant,thereisnothingtheycando.Itdoesnothavetobethatway.Teacherscananddomakecurriculardecisions,whethertheyrealizeitornot.Theychoosetoemphasizecertaintopics,hurrythroughothers,ormaybeevenskipaportionoftheofficialcurriculum.Manywillintroducetheirhobbiesorinterests,suchasquilting,skiing,ortheRenaissance,evenifitisnotadesignatedtopicinthecurriculumguide.Theydonotdoittobe“subversive”necessarily,butbecausethosedecisionsarebestforthechildrentheyteach.Theyareexercisingtheirprofessionalresponsibilities.Parentsandadministratorsdonotobjectwhenteachers’curriculardecisionsareresponsibleones.Onlythefoolishorharmfuldecisionsarelikelytoleadtonegativeconsequences.Indeed,thebestteachersweknowaretheoneswhoadjustthecurriculumtomeettheirstudents’needs.Theseexemplaryteachershaveearnedtheirreputationsbecausetheirstudentsaremotivatedtolearn.Theynotonlyleadthehorsestowater,theyputsaltintheiroatstomakethemdrink!Butnoteveryteacherhasthegiftofmakingoutstandingcurriculardecisions.Andsometimeseventhemostastuteteacherswillmakemistakes.Thepossibilityofmakingpoorcurriculardecisionsisreducedwhenstudentsaregiventheresponsibilityofchoosingcontent.Studentstendtoselecttopicsthatinterestthem,thusavoidingmotivationproblems.Theirchoicesreflecttheiractualneeds,ratherthanthoseperceivedbyadults.Itmakesforamoreefficientcurriculumdevelopmentprocess.Curriculardecision-makingpowerbelongsinthehandsofstudentsbecauseitistheirlivesthatarebeingaffected-theirday-to-dayschoollivesandalsotheirfuturelives.Givingthemthispowerisnotafad,orawayforteacherstopassthebuck.Itisamethodofdevelopingautonomy,motivatingchi

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