山东省德州市第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学检测英语试题（解析版）

2022级高三上学期暑期学习效果检测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomando?AHavearest. B.Seeadoctor. C.Makesomecoffee.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Tina,yourfaceisprettypale.Maybeyoushouldgotoseeadoctorjusttobesafe.W:No,it’snothingserious.Ijustneedtositdownforawhile.Couldyoupleasemakeacupofcoffeeforme?M:Okay.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atahairsalon. B.Ataclothingstore. C.Ataweddingparty.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HeyDavid,fancyrunningintoyouhere.M:HiSarah.Yeah,I’mjustgettingmyhaircutbeforemysister’sweddingthisweekend.Areyouhereforyourhairtreatment?W:I’mthinkingoftryinganewstyletogowiththenewdressIjustbought.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeelintheend?A.Disappointed. B.Annoyed. C.Excited.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Mom,Ijustgotmyexamscoresback.ItseemsthatIwon’tbeadmittedintomydreamuniversity.W:Nokidding,showmeyourreportcardM:Ha-ha.Igotasmyhardworkhaspaidoff.W:Great.Let’sgooutandcelebrate.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Theycanswiminthelake.B.Theyshouldstoptheboys.C.Theyshouldputupasignthere.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mark,lookatthoseboysoverthere.They’regoingtoswiminthelake.Thesignheresaysnoswimming.Weshouldgoandstopthem.M:You’reright,itseemsthattheyareunawareofthedanger.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatmakesthewomanenjoylivingintheapartment?A.Theconvenientlocation. B.Theniceroommates. C.Theaffordablerent.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ienjoylivinginthisflatbecauseit’ssoconvenientlylocatedjustashortwalkfrommyoffice.M:Buthowdoyoufeelabouthavingroommates?Isn’tittoughsharingyourspacelikethat?W:Actually,Idon’tlikethat,buteverycoinhastwosides.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatdidLisadolastsummer?A.Shedidsomereading. B.Shedidapart-timejob. C.Shetaughtkidsataschool.7.WhydoesthemanlookthroughtheYouthClub?A.Toentertainhimself. B.Tohelpwithhisstudy. C.Tofindvolunteerwork.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:So,Lisa,anybigsummerplansthisyear?W:Well,Iwanttotrysomethingdifferent.Forexample,gettingaparttimejoblastsummerIparticipatedinacoolreadingclubandreadlotsofgreatbooks.Howaboutyou?M:Ilovehavingproductivesummers.Forme,IalwaystrysomevolunteerworkifIcan,W:Awesome.Wheredoyouusuallyfindthoseopportunities?M:I’vehadreallygoodlucklookingthroughtheyouthclub.It’stheserviceprogramwhichoffersallkindsoflocalvolunteerinformationforhighschoolstudents.W:That’samazing.HowcanIcontacttheclub?M:Iteasy.Icanshareitswebsitewithyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdrawsthespeakerstothestore?A.Thequalityoftheclothes.B.AnadvertisedsalepromotionC.Theappealingwindowdisplay.9.Howmuchshouldthespeakerspayiftheyonlybuyonecoat?A.$100. B.$140. C.$200.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Tryonthecoatherself.B.Gotothecheckoutcounter.C.Lookforanitemforherself.【答案】8.B9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,didyounoticethebigsalesignoverthere?Weshouldcheckitout.M:Goodidea,wecouldgetsomenewclothesanyway.W:Yeah,itsaysalltheitemsinthatsectionareonsalenow.Ifwebuyonepieceit’s30%offbutifwegettwothingsthey’lltake50%off.M:Wow,that’sagreatdeal.Let’stakealook.W:Ohhowaboutthiscoatforyou?Theoriginalpricetagsays200dollars.M：Hmmnotbad.Ilikethecolortoo.Letmetryitonsowhatdoyouthink?W:Itlooksfantasticonyou.M：Alright,it’ssettledthenbutaren’tyougoingtogetsomethingforyourselftoo?W:Ofcourse.Justgivemeaminutetolookaround.Ihaven’tdecidedyet.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhatdidJohnplantodothisweekendatfirst?A.Tovisitamuseum. B.Toworkovertime. C.Torelaxwithfriends.12.Whoisinterestedinthehistoryofthecity?A.Leo. B.Amanda. C.Peter.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Fatheranddaughter. C.Husbandandwife.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】原文】W:HeyJohn,doyouhaveanyworkarrangementsforthisweekend?M:IplannedtodiscussthenewprojectwithPeterintheofficethisweekendbuthejusthadthefluandcanceledtheappointmentsoIdon’thaveanyplansnow.W:Howabouttakingthekidstothenewhistorymuseumthisweekend?M:Themuseum?Thatcouldbefun.IhearditofferslotsofinteractiveexhibitsandhandsonactivitiestailoredforchildrenandLeohasalwayshopedtoexplorethehistoryofourcity.W:Yes,I’msurethekidscanhaveafunandengagingweekend.M:WhendoyouwanttogoSaturdayorSunday?W:AmandahasherdanceclassonSaturdaymorningsothatdayisprobablyout.M:You’rerightthenlet’svisitthehistorymuseumonSunday.Alittlefamilyoutingcouldbereallynice.W:Perfect.Thekidswillbesoexcitedtogo.It’llbeaneducationalbutfunday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatdidthewomanthinkofWinterGarden?A.Itisabitboring.B.Itisdifficulttounderstand.C.Itcontainsalimitedvocabulary.15.Howoldisthewomannow?A.15. B.17. C.19.16.WhydidthemanstartreadingTheNightingale?A.HewasafanofKristinHannah.B.Heenjoysreadingbestsellers.C.Hewasadvisedtodothat.17.WheredidthemangetTheNightingale?A.Fromabookstore. B.Fromane-reader. C.Fromalibrary.【答案】14.B15.C16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:WhatareyouworkingonthereChristopher?M:I’mwritingabookreportonthenightingalebyKristinHannah.Haveyoureadit?W:No,butIreadwintergardenbyherwhenIwasfifteenyearsold.M:Wow,youreaditfouryearsago.Whatwasyourimpressionofit?W:Thestorylinewasquitenovel,butIcouldhardlygraspthemeaningoftheexpressionsinit.M:Well,yourvocabularywasprobablystilldevelopingbackinhighschoolW:Exactly.SoareyouabigfanofKristinHannah’swriting?M:Notparticularly,butmyEnglishteacherrecommendedthenightingaletotheclass.Shecalleditamustreadhistoricalfictionmasterpiece.Thestoryisjustbeautifullywrittenandinspiring.Youshouldgiveitatry.W:Itsoundsfascinating.CouldIborrowyourcopywhenyou’redone?M:Actually,itwassopopularthatitwassoldoutatallthebookstoresIchecked.Iendedupgettingthedigitalversion.Onmykindle,butyou’rewelcometoborrowmydevicetoreadit.W:That’ssoniceofyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeaker'scolleagues'attitudetowardshisbags?A.Dismissive. B.Supportive. C.Indifferent.19.Whatcanwesayabouttheyoungconsumersnowadays?A.Theyenjoysimpleandpracticalthings.B.Theyputpricesoverpracticality.C.Theyareblindlytrend-driven.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.AnewlifestyleinShenzhen.B.Theadvantagesofusingreusablebags.C.Youngconsumers'consumptionattitude.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M：HelloeveryonetodayIwanttotalkaboutanewtrendinChina.Manyyoungpeoplenowadayshaveabandonedbrandnamestocreatehandbagoutofthingslikereusablegrocerybagsandothermaterials.OneexampleistheShenzhenbagincludingclothbags,paperbags,milkteapackagesandthelike,whichpeoplecarryaroundinthecityofGuangdongprovince.Asayoungman,IoftentakesuchbagstoworkbecauseIcanputallkindsofthingsinthem.Theyarewelldesignedandpopularwithmyfriendsandcolleagues.Inadditiontothehandbags,manyyoungpeople,regardlessoftheirmonthlyincomes,arelivingmorecasuallyinlinewithagoodenoughmentality.Loosetshirtsandclothbagsarebasicallystandardmodes.ThisemergingtrendrevealsanewattitudetoconsumptionasyoungpeopleinChinabegintopursueasimpleandsharedlifewithconsumersnolongerblindlypursuingbrandname.Asastatussymbol,instead,theypaymoreattentiontotheirownrealneedsandprefersharingbehaviorandsecondhandpurchases.Theyarepursuingsmarterconsumptionthroughconsiderationandcalculationtofindthecheapest,mostpracticalandmostcosteffectivewayofshopping.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWeekendtripsinEuropecanbeatrulymagicalexperience,fromthesunnybeachesofGreecetotherollinghillsofItaly.Thefollowingdestinationsareplacesthatareeasilyaccessibleandofferincredibleexperiencesthatyou’llalwaysremember.Hallstatt,AustriaHallstatt,famousforitsalpinehouses,crystalclearlake,andsnow-cappedmountains,isamongEarth’smostpicturesquedestinations.Activitiesincludeexploringsaltminesandancientchurches,andtakingaboattriponLakeHallstattorvisitingthenearbyDachsteinIceCave,promisingunforgettableexperiences.Paris,FranceParis,withitsiconicEiffelTower,windingstreets,andcharmingcafes,isatopdestinationforcouplesseekinganunforgettableweekend.WhetherexploringtheCityofLightorsnugglingupinitsgardens,Parispromisesendlessromanceandcherishedmemories.ForaweekendofEuropeanromanceandadventure,looknofurtherthanParis!Zakynthos,GreeceZakynthos,alsocalledZante,isfamousasoneofEurope’smostbreathtakingislands,boastingwhitebeaches,unspoilednature,andcrystalclearbluewaters.It’satopchoiceforarelaxingweekendbreak,offeringactivitieslikeboattripstotheBlueCavesandexploringlocalpubs.Florence,ItalyFlorence’sbreathtakingarchitecture,richhistory,andMediterraneanclimatemakeitidealforaweekendgetawayinEurope.Itssmallsizeallowsyoutoexploreextensivelyinjusttwodays.Don’tmissthechancetolearntomakegelato,pastaandpizzainaFlorencecookingclass,especiallyifyou’reafoodenthusiast.21.Wherecanyouenjoytheboattrip?A.InHallstattandParis. B.InZakynthosandFlorence.C.InHallstattandZakynthos. D.InParisandFlorence.22.WhyisFlorenceconsideredanidealcityforaweekendtrip?A.Foritssaltminesandancientchurches.B.Foritsarchitecture,history,andclimate.C.ForitsfamousBlueCavesandrelaxingatmosphere.D.Foritslargesizeandvastexplorationopportunities.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Aneducationalnovel.C.Asciencefiction. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了欧洲周末旅行目的地，列举了奥地利的哈尔施塔特、法国的巴黎、希腊的扎金索斯和意大利的佛罗伦萨作为推荐的旅游地点，并分别介绍了这些地方的特色和活动。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据原文“Hallstatt,famousforitsalpinehouses,crystalclearlake,andsnow-cappedmountains,isamongEarth’smostpicturesquedestinations.Activitiesincludeexploringsaltminesandancientchurches,andtakingaboattriponLakeHallstattorvisitingthenearbyDachsteinIceCave,promisingunforgettableexperiences.(哈尔施塔特以其高山房屋、清澈的湖泊和白雪皑皑的山脉而闻名，是地球上最风景如画的目的地之一。活动包括探索盐矿和古老的教堂，以及在哈尔施塔特湖上乘船游览或参观附近的达赫斯坦冰洞，保证您拥有难忘的体验。)”以及“Zakynthos,alsocalledZante,isfamousasoneofEurope’smostbreathtakingislands,boastingwhitebeaches,unspoilednature,andcrystalclearbluewaters.It’satopchoiceforarelaxingweekendbreak,offeringactivitieslikeboattripstotheBlueCavesandexploringlocalpubs.(扎金索斯岛，也被称为桑特岛，是欧洲最令人叹为观止的岛屿之一，拥有白色沙滩、未受破坏的自然环境和清澈的蓝色海水。它是周末休闲度假的首选之地，提供前往蓝洞的游船之旅和探索当地酒吧等活动。)”可知，在哈尔施塔特和扎金索斯岛可以乘船游览，故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据原文“Florence’sbreathtakingarchitecture,richhistory,andMediterraneanclimatemakeitidealforaweekendgetawayinEurope.(佛罗伦萨令人叹为观止的建筑、丰富的历史和地中海气候使其成为欧洲周末度假的理想之地。)”可知，佛罗伦萨因其建筑、历史和气候被认为是周末旅行的理想城市，故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据原文“Thefollowingdestinationsareplacesthatareeasilyaccessibleandofferincredibleexperiencesthatyou’llalwaysremember.(以下目的地都是容易到达的地方，为您提供难以忘怀的奇妙体验。)”以及下文分别介绍了哈尔施塔特、巴黎、扎金索斯岛和佛罗伦萨四个旅游目的地，可以推知这篇文章可能来自一本旅游指南，故选A项。BForsomeofus,goingtothedentistforroutinecheck-upsisathingoftheordinary.Butformanypeoplearoundtheworld,especiallythoseinimpoverished(贫困的)areas,havingdentalimprovementandtheirteethcheckedsimplyisn’tpossible.ABraziliandentistFelipeRossihasdevotedhimselftohelpingchangingthatsituation.GrowingupinUSA,FelipeRossihadjustobtainedtheBachelorofMedicineDegreeandwasabouttostartamaster’sdegreeinPediatricDentistry(儿童口腔学)whenajourneytohisfather’shome—BalsaboinBrazil—convertedhisinitialplan.“Alllocalsdidn’thaveaccesstodentalcare,andconsequently,manyofthemsuffereddeformedteethorevenlossofteeth,leadingtomanypeoplenotdaringtolaughwithmouthopen.”FelipeRossirecalled.“Adesirewasplantedinmyheart.Thatis,tousemyskillstobringhealthysmilestopeoplesufferingfromdentalproblems.”Withthesupportofhisparents,FelipeformedanNGO(non-governmentorganization)calledPorsorrisotogivefreeoraltreatmentstoindividualswithlowincomeswhorequirecleaning.fillings,crowns,restorationworkandmore.Histeamiscomposedofapproximately30registeredvolunteerswhogowithhimtopoortownsandvillagesinBrazil.Sponsorshipisgenerallyprovidedbytwoprivatecompanies.Individualsmayalsomakedonationsthroughthe‘SmileSolidarity’program,wheretheycanchoosemonthlyamountstocontribute.Porsorrisoalsoholdsregularfundraiserstoaffordthecostofprovidingfreedentalservicesaroundthecountry.Asnobleasitsobjectiveis,FelipeadmitsthatPorsorrisois“strugglingtosurvive”becauseofthehugecostofprovidingdentalworkandtheconstantfundraisingeventstheyhavetoholdtokeeptheNGOinnormalfunctioning.“Challengingasitis,itdidbringhealthyteethaswellasrenewedconfidencetothelocals.Wewillcontinuethistransformativeactwhateverdifficultieswewillface”.Felipesaidwithastrongwill.24.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Byposingacontrast.B.Byreportinganevent.C.Byassumingasituation.D.Bymakinganappeal.25.WhatmotivatedFelipetoofferdentaltreatmentstoBrazilians?A.Thesupportfromhisparents.B.Thepassionfordentalhealth.C.Theencounterwithlocalslackingdentalcare.D.Theprofessionalskillsandknowledgefromcollege.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFelipeRossi?A.Hopefulanddiligent.B.Faithfulandambitious.C.Intelligentandcreative.D.Charitableanddedicated.27.WhatdoweknowaboutPorsorriso?A.Itgivesfreeoraltreatmentstoanyoneinneed.B.ItiscooperatedbyFelipeRossiandthelocalauthority.C.Itisfinanciallysupportedbycorporationsandindividuals.D.Itholdsregularfundraiserstoeducatepeopleaboutdentalcare.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴西牙医FelipeRossi创建了非政府组织Porsorriso，致力于为贫困地区的低收入人群提供免费的口腔治疗服务。尽管面临资金和运营挑战，Rossi及其团队仍坚持帮助需要的人，传递健康微笑，增强当地民众的自信。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Forsomeofus,goingtothedentistforroutinecheck-upsisathingoftheordinary.Butformanypeoplearoundtheworld,especiallythoseinimpoverished(贫困的)areas,havingdentalimprovementandtheirteethcheckedsimplyisn’tpossible.ABraziliandentistFelipeRossihasdevotedhimselftohelpingchangingthatsituation.(对我们中的一些人来说，去牙医那里做例行检查是一件很平常的事情。但对世界上许多人来说，尤其是那些生活在贫困地区的人来说，改善牙齿和检查牙齿根本是不可能的。巴西牙医费利佩·罗西致力于帮助改变这种状况)”可知，文章开头通过对比一些人定期去牙医处进行常规检查，而世界上很多人尤其是贫困地区的人们无法进行牙科治疗和牙齿检查的情况，引出了文章的主题，即巴西牙医FelipeRossi致力于帮助改变这种情况。因此，作者通过提出对比来引入文章的主题。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Alllocalsdidn’thaveaccesstodentalcare,andconsequently,manyofthemsuffereddeformedteethorevenlossofteeth,leadingtomanypeoplenotdaringtolaughwithmouthopen.”FelipeRossirecalled.“Adesirewasplantedinmyheart.Thatis,tousemyskillstobringhealthysmilestopeoplesufferingfromdentalproblems.”(‘并不是所有的当地人都能得到牙科护理，因此，很多人的牙齿都变形了，甚至掉了牙，导致很多人不敢张嘴笑。’FelipeRossi回忆道。‘一种渴望在我心中扎根。也就是说，用我的技能给患有牙病的人带来健康的微笑。’)”可知，FelipeRossi在巴西的Balsabo地区看到当地人没有机会接受牙科治疗，很多人因此牙齿变形或甚至失去牙齿，这激发了他提供牙科治疗的决心；由此可知，是当地人缺乏牙科护理的情况促使Felipe为巴西人提供牙科治疗。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““Alllocalsdidn’thaveaccesstodentalcare,andconsequently,manyofthemsuffereddeformedteethorevenlossofteeth,leadingtomanypeoplenotdaringtolaughwithmouthopen.”FelipeRossirecalled.“Adesirewasplantedinmyheart.Thatis,tousemyskillstobringhealthysmilestopeoplesufferingfromdentalproblems.”(‘并不是所有的当地人都能得到牙科护理，因此，很多人的牙齿都变形了，甚至掉了牙，导致很多人不敢张嘴笑。’FelipeRossi回忆道。‘一种渴望在我心中扎根。也就是说，用我的技能给患有牙病的人带来健康的微笑。’)”可知，FelipeRossi想要利用自己的技能为遭受牙科问题的人们带来健康的笑容，这表明他具有慈善精神。在最后一段中“Asnobleasitsobjectiveis,FelipeadmitsthatPorsorrisois“strugglingtosurvive”becauseofthehugecostofprovidingdentalworkandtheconstantfundraisingeventstheyhavetoholdtokeeptheNGOinnormalfunctioning.“Challengingasitis,itdidbringhealthyteethaswellasrenewedconfidencetothelocals.Wewillcontinuethistransformativeactwhateverdifficultieswewillface”.Felipesaidwithastrongwill.(尽管目标崇高，Felipe承认Porsorriso正在‘挣扎着生存’，因为提供牙科治疗的巨大成本和他们必须举行的持续筹款活动以保持非政府组织的正常运作。‘虽然这很有挑战性，但它确实给当地人带来了健康的牙齿，并重新树立了信心。无论我们面临什么困难，我们都将继续这一变革行动。’斐利贝带着强烈的意志说)”可知，他承认Porsorriso的生存很困难，但他们将继续进行这项改变性的行动，无论他们将面临什么困难，这表明他具有奉献精神。故选D项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Sponsorshipisgenerallyprovidedbytwoprivatecompanies.Individualsmayalsomakedonationsthroughthe‘SmileSolidarity’program,wheretheycanchoosemonthlyamountstocontribute.Porsorrisoalsoholdsregularfundraiserstoaffordthecostofprovidingfreedentalservicesaroundthecountry.(赞助通常由两家私人公司提供。个人也可以通过‘微笑团结’计划捐款，他们可以选择每月的捐款数额。Porsorriso还定期举行筹款活动，为全国各地提供免费牙科服务)”可知，Porsorriso是由企业和个人提供经济支持。故选C项。COnebyone,prejudicesaredisappearingintheWest.Peoplemayholdprivatesuspicionsthatotherpeople’sraceorsexmakestheminferior—buttosaysoopenlyistotallytaboo(禁忌).Oneoldprejudiceremainsundisturbed,though.Justaskachildlessperson.Theyarenotchargedtospecialtaxes,astheywereinSovietRussia;noraretheydrivenfromtheirhomes,astheystillareinsomepoorcountries.Thechildlessnonethelesscomeinforalotofcriticism.Somepointoutthatnon-parentsarefailingtoproducethefutureworkerswhowillpayfortheirpensions.Childlesspoliticiansarechargedwithnothavingaproperstakeinsociety.“Hetalkstousaboutthefuture,buthedoesn’thavechildren!”complainedJean-MarieLePen,co-founderoftheNationalFrontparty,ofEmmanuelMacron,whowentontowintheFrenchpresidency.SimilarattacksonTheresaMayandAngelaMerkelalsofailedbutresearchersfindthatmanyvotersquietlyagree.Ifnon-breedersareselfish,theyhaveastrangewayofshowingit.Theyaremorelikelytosetupcharitablefoundationsthanpeoplewithchildren,andmuchmorelikelytodonatemoneytogoodcauses.AccordingtooneAmericanestimate,themerefactofnothavingchildrenraisestheamountapersonleavestocharitybyalittleover$10,000.Thechildlessarethusasmallbutusefulcounterweighttotheworld’sparents,whostopsocialstabilitybypassingontheirsocialandeconomicadvantagestotheirchildren.Thechargethatchildlesspeoplefailtopulltheirweightinpopulationiscorrect,butislessseriousthanitappears.Thosewhodonothavechildrendoputpressureonpublicpensionsystems.Governmentshavetodounpopularthingslikemakingpensionslessgenerous,asJapanhasdone,oracceptingmoreimmigrants,assomeWesterncountrieshavedone.Buttosustainpublicpensionsinthelongterm,countriesdonotactuallyneedmoreparents.Whattheyneedinsteadismorebabies.Itispossibletocombineahighrateofchildlessnesswithahighbirthrate,providedpeoplewhobecomeparentshavemorethanoneortwochildren.ThatwasthepatterninmanyWesterncountriesacenturyago.Ireland,yetanothercountrywithachildlessleader,stillmanagesittoday.Thechildlessalsodoeveryoneelseafavorbycreatingwonderfulworksofart.Britishnovelistshavebeenespeciallylikelytohavenooffspring:thinkofHilaryMantel,P.GWodehouseandtheBrontesisters.InSeptemberlastyearBritainputJaneAustenonitsten-poundnote.Thatdecisionwascontroversial,thoughitwashardtoseewhy.FewpeoplehavewrittenasshrewdlyaboutmoneyoraboutfamilieseventhoughAustendidnotmarry,andhadnochildren.28.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?A.Thechildlessoftencomeundersharpcriticism.B.Childlessnessistofutureworkers’disadvantage.C.ManyhighlysuccessfulpeoplehavenochildrenD.Thechildlesspoliticiansgetattackedinsociety.29.Thechildlessareprejudicedbecausepeoplethinkthechildless______.A.haveastrangewaytoshowselfishnessB.setabadexampleforyoungpeopleC.arenotasgenerousasthosewithchildrenD.arethegovernment’sfinancialburden30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Acceptingmoreimmigrants.B.Reducingthepensionsfortheaged.C.Encouragingparentstohavemorechildren.D.Supportingthepoliticalleaderswithnochildren.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Indefenseofthechildless. B.Prejudiceagainstnon-breeders.C.Whydon’ttheyhavechildren? D.Measurestoaddresschildlessness.【答案】28.A29.D30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了当今社会对不生孩子的偏见，并认为对无子女者的指控应当驳回，他们的存在为社会产生很多好处。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“Thechildlessnonethelesscomeinforalotofcriticism.(尽管如此，没有孩子的人还是受到了很多批评。)”并结合下文可知，本段主要讲述了无子女者常常遭受尖锐批判。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Somepointoutthatnon-parentsarefailingtoproducethefutureworkerswhowillpayfortheirpensions.(一些人指出，非父母者无法培养出未来的工人来支付养老金。)”和倒数第二段中的“Thosewhodonothavechildrendoputpressureonpublicpensionsystems.Governmentshavetodounpopularthingslikemakingpensionslessgenerous,asJapanhasdone,oracceptingmoreimmigrants,assomeWesterncountrieshavedone.(那些没有孩子的人确实给公共养老金系统带来了压力。政府不得不做一些不受欢迎的事情，比如像日本那样降低养老金的慷慨程度，或者像一些西方国家那样接受更多的移民。)”可知，由于无子女者没有生孩子来为养老金系统作贡献，这会给公共养老金系统带来压力，政府不得不做一些不受欢迎的事情。由此可推测出，无子女者遭受人们的偏见是因为人们认为他们成为政府的经济负担。故选D。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词it所在句的前文“Itispossibletocombineahighrateofchildlessnesswithahighbirthrate,providedpeoplewhobecomeparentshavemorethanoneortwochildren.ThatwasthepatterninmanyWesterncountriesacenturyago.(如果成为父母的人有一个或两个以上的孩子，就有可能把高无子女率和高出生率结合起来。这是一个世纪前许多西方国家的模式。)”可知，画线词it指代前文的内容，即一个世纪前许多国家采取的模式是鼓励成为父母的人生孩子，从而兼顾高无子女率与高出生率。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段最后一句“Oneoldprejudiceremainsundisturbed,though.Justaskachildlessperson.(然而，一种古老的偏见仍然受人尊敬。问问一个没有孩子的人就知道了。)”引出话题：无子女者遭受偏见；第二段具体讲述了无子女者面对的批判；接下来几段作者分别从慈善、政治能力、人口增长、艺术文学贡献等方面讲述无子女者的贡献。由此可推测出，本文主要指出人们对无子女者的偏见，并为无子女者辩护，由此可推测出，A项“为无子女者辩护”最适合作本文标题。故选A。DIsboredomathingofthepast,likeblack-and-whitetelevision?And,ifso,isthatagoodthing?JulieRobinson,aformerteacherwhonowrepresentstheIndependentAssociationofPrepSchools,thinksthatboredomisregardedasanenemyoftoday’schildren,andtheyarelosingtheabilitytobecomethoughtfulandreflective(沉思的).“Weshouldnotfearboredom.”saidJulieRobinson.“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,”sheadded.Heropinionisthatconstant(连续不断的)activityforachild,oftentheresultofthedreamsofparents,willleadtoconcernedandworryingadult.Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlywelcomed.Parentsnowfeelasenseoffailurewhentheyheartheirchildrencomplainaboutbeingbored.Theyseekanelectronicdevices(设备)toplaygamesatonce.Andwedidn’tfeelboredduringlongcarjourneysanymorebytheimpatient“Arewethereyet?”becauseallkindsofelectronicdeviceshavebeentakenalongtoavoidevenaminuteofboredom.Sowhatchancedochildrenhavetoallowtheirthoughtstowander?Butit’snotjustchildrenwhoneedlessonsinreflection.Adultsneedthat,too.Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.WhatJulieRobinsonregardsisacross-generationalphenomenon:thefearof“inactivity”.Andsheisright.32.JulieRobinsonthinksboredomisusefulbecauseitmakeschildren_________.A.findeffectivesolutionstosocialproblemsB.improvetheabilitytolearnknowledgeC.havetimetothinkandhavetheirimaginationdevelopedD.communicatemorewiththeirparentsandfriends33.Whichofthefollowingisseenas“inactivity”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Sendingemailsonatrain.B.Playinggameswithfriends.C.Planningconstantactivityforchildren.D.Lookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviews.34.Theauthormentionedthetrainjourneytoshowthat_________.A.thetriponaquiettrainwasveryboringB.theviewofthecountrysidewasbeautifulC.peoplehadtoomuchworktodoD.electronicdevicesinfluencepeople’slifegreatly35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Bothadultsandchildrenliketostayaloneandrecalltheirpastdays.B.Peoplefailtoleavetheirchildrenenoughtimetothinkandimagine.C.Electronicdevicesarealwaysgoodforbothchildrenandadults.D.Parentsshouldtelltheirchildrenhowtouseamobilephone.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了现在人们都使用手机等电子产品来避免无聊，而作者认为无聊的存在是有其意义的——可以让孩子们在无聊中对一些问题进行思考。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中JulieRobinson说的话“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,(无聊对孩子来说是有价值的。安静、沉思的时间和有目的的活动一样重要)”和第三段中“Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlywelcomed.(传统观念认为孩子应该不断活跃，这会阻碍他们想象力的发展。因此，任何能够提高更深思熟虑的事情都会受到热烈欢迎。)”可知，JulieRobinson认为无聊是有用的，因为它能让孩子们有时间思考，且发展他们的想象力。故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.

Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewid