2024年在职申硕同等学力英语真题试卷题后含答案及解析

在职申硕（同等學力）英語真題试卷(題後含答案及解析)題型有：1.B．Comment2.C．Comment3.D．Comment4.對的答案：C解析：细节題。C．Comment3中提到encouragetheuseofbio-degradablepackaging，表达积极。而Comment1中的forcecorporationtochangetheirpractices比较不切合实际；Comment2没有详细的措施，态度中立；Comment4中hardtochange比较消极。因此C對的。47．Whichofthefollowingcommentspointoutwaystosolveover-packaging?A．Comments1and2.B．Comments1and3.C．Comments2and4.D．Comments3and4.對的答案：B解析：细节題。Comment1中提到individual和governmentregulation；Comment2中的Why?Theyhavetheirownpackaging—theskinorpeel并没有提出详细措施；Comment3提到的encouragetheuseofbio—degradablepackaging是积极措施；Comment4中的it’shardtochangethatbehaviorovernight没有提出详细措施。因此答案為B。ClozeDirections:Inthispart,thereisapassagewith15blanks.Foreachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Howmanypeoplecanliveonthefaceoftheearth?Nooneknowstheanswer.Itdependsonhowmuchfoodpeoplecangrow【C1】______destroyingtheenvironment.Morepeoplenowexistthaneverbefore,andthepopulation【C2】______growing.Every15seconds,about100babiesareborn.Beforetheendofthiscentury,theearthmay【C3】______10billionpeople!Tofeedeveryone,farmersmustgrowmorefood.Theyaretryingtodoso.Worldfoodproductionhasgradually【C4】______overtheyears.Insomepartsoftheworld,【C5】______,thepopulationisgrowingfasterthanthefoodsupply.Someexpertsfeartheworldwillnotbeabletoproduceenoughfoodfora【C6】______thatneverstopsincreasing.Togrowmorecropsonthesame【C7】______ofland,farmersusefertilizersandpesticides(杀虫剂).Someplantnewkindsofgrainsthatproducemorefood.Thesethingshelp—【C8】______theydon’tprovideperfectsolutions.Thechemicalsinfertilizersandpesticidescanpollutewatersupplies.Thenewseedsdevelopedbyscientistshavereachedthe【C9】______ofwhattheycanproduce.Whenhungrypeoplecangetnomoreoutof【C10】______field,theycleartreesfromhillsandforestsfornewfarmland,andindoingsotheyexposethesoil.Thenrainandfloodsmaystripthetopsoilfromfields.Thisprocessiscallederosion.Eachyearerosionstealsbillionsoftonsoftopsoilfromfarmers.48．【C1】A．withoutB．byC．againstD．for對的答案：A解析：A．withoutdoingsth．表达“不用做某事”，在文中withoutdestroyingtheenvironment表达“不用破壞环境”。B．介詞by，表达方式。C．介詞against，表达反對。D．介詞for，表达為了……目的。49．【C2】A．ceasesB．keepsC．stopsD．stays對的答案：B解析：A．cease，意思為“使停止，結束”。B．keepdoingsth．表达“继续做某事，持续做某事”，在文中“thepopulationkeepgrowing”意思是“人口保持继续增長”。C．stopdoingsth．意思為“停止做某事……”。D．stay表达“停留，停止”。50．【C3】A．maintainB．retainC．holdD．produce對的答案：C解析：A．maintain表达“维持，保持；维修，保养”。B．retain意為“保持；留在心中，记住；雇用；付定金保留”。C．hold意為“容纳，包括”。在文中“theearthmayhold10billionpeople”意思是“地球也許容纳100亿人口”。D．produce意為“生产，制造”，不合題意。51．【C4】A．exhaustedB．declinedC．arisenD．risen對的答案：D解析：A．exhausted意為“耗尽的，筋疲力尽的”。B．declined意為“下降……”。C．arisen意為“展現，出現，发生”。D．risen意為“数量增長……”，在文中worldfoodproductionhasgraduallyrisen意思是“世界粮食产量持续增長”。52．【C5】A．howeverB．somehowC．anywayD．furthermore對的答案：A解析：A．however意為“然而”，表达转折。在文中“however，thepopulationisgrowingfasterthanthefoodsupply”意為“然而，人口增長比食物供应快某些”。B．somehow意為“以某种方式，以某种措施”。C．anyway意為“無论怎样”。D．furthermore意為“此外，并且”。53．【C6】A．countryB．nationC．populationD．community對的答案：C解析：A．country意為“国家”。B．nation意為“国家，民族”。C．population意為“人口”，在文中“populationthatneverstopsincreasing”符合題意。D．community意為“团体，小区”。54．【C7】A．rangeB．amountC．numberD．level對的答案：B解析：A．range意為“大范围，类别”。B．amount意為“数量，總数”，适合文中意思“onthesameamountofland在数量相似的土地上”。C．number意為“数字，標码”。D．level意為“水平，水平线”。55．【C8】A．henceB．whenC．butD．and對的答案：C解析：A．hence意為“因此，因此，表达因果”。B．when意為“當……時候，表达時间”。C．but意為“不過，表达转折”，符合題意。D．and意為“和……”。56．【C9】A．conclusionB．restrictionC．goalD．limit對的答案：D解析：A．conclusion意為“結论，結局”。B．restriction意為“限制，限定”。C．goal意為“目的，球门，得分”。D．limit意為“限制，程度”，文中reachedthelimitof意思為“抵达……的极限”。57．【C10】A．growingB．survivingC．remainingD．existing對的答案：D解析：A．growing意為“增長的，生長的”。B．surviving意為“幸存的，活下来的”。C．remaining意為“剩余的，剩余的”。D．existing意為“目前的，現存的”，文中getnomoreoutofexistingfield意思為“從現存土地得不到更多……”。PaperTwoTranslationSectionADirections:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.58．Whenitcomestopersonalfinance,wearealllookingforwaystosavemoremoney.Ourhouseholdbudgetsarefilledwithbothbigandsmallexpensesthatweimaginecanbecutouttosaveloadsofcashor,attheveryleast,spentbetterelsewhere.Oneofthethingsyouhavesurelyconsideredisusingpublictransportationratherthanyourownvehicle.Itwouldbeeasytoassumethatpublictransportationischeaper,becausebusfareisfarlessexpensivethangas,butthosearenottheonlycoststoconsider.Takeastepbacktoyourhighschooleconomicsclassandtrytorememberthelessonaboutopportunitycosts.These,asyoumightrecallifyouwereawakeforthatclass,arethethingsyougiveupwhenyouchooseoneoptionoverotheroptions.Althoughtheyarenotmeasuredindollarsandcents,theystillhavetobeconsideredwheneveryoumakeafinancialdecision.對的答案：談到個人理财，我們都在寻求更能省钱的措施。我們的家用预算充斥了大大小小的花费，我們指望著削減這些花费，由此节省大量的現金，或者至少花在更有用的地方。你理當會想到的一件事就是乘坐公交系统，而不是開自家車。我們很轻易认為乘公交車更划算，由于公交車费比油价廉价多了，但這不是唯一要考虑的费用。回忆一下你高中的經济學課，努力回忆那些有关机會成本的課程。假如你課上没打瞌睡，那么你就可以回忆起来，這些是當你做出选择而所放弃的東西。尽管這些不能用金钱来衡量，但每當你做出财务决策時，你仍然要考虑它們。PartVTextCompletionDirections:Inthisparttherearethreeshorttexts.Foreachtext,youshouldfirstfillintheblanksinthechoicesA,B,C(andD)withthebestanswerprovidedintherectangle.Then,completethetextitselfbyfillingineachoftheblankswiththecompletedA,B,C(orD).WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.A.helpsB.whileC.messageD.closelyPhrases:A.youwatched【T1】______eatingitB.sendnerve【T2】______toyourbrainC.ournosesandourbrainarevery【T3】______connectedD.【T4】______usrememberthingsForyears,scientistshavebeenstudyingthespecialpowerofsmells.Itseemsthat【T5】______.Whenyousmellsomething,theodorgoesupyournosetothesmellingzones.Fromhere,sensecells【T6】______tellingitwhatyousmelled.Morethanourotherfoursenses,oursenseofsmellchangesourmoodand【T7】______.Ifyouweretoldtothinkaboutpopcorn,you’dprobablyrecallitssmell.Andthenyoumightrememberthemovie【T8】______Oursenseofsmellalsomakesusawareofdanger—likethesmellofsmoke.59．【T1】對的答案：B解析：while意為“与此同步”，背面加ing，因此选择B。60．【T2】對的答案：C解析：sendmessageto是固定搭配。61．【T3】對的答案：D解析：closelyconnected“紧密联络”，根据語境可知答案為D。62．【T4】對的答案：A解析：helpsb．dosth．是固定搭配。63．【T5】對的答案：C解析：根据下文“Whenyousmellsomething，theodorgoesupyournosetothesmellingzones．”得知嗅覺和大脑紧密联络，气味通過鼻子传到嗅覺区域。對的答案為C。64．【T6】對的答案：B解析：根据下文telling可以看出是信息传递，結合語境，答案选择B。65．【T7】對的答案：D解析：根据上文changesourmood，對应helpusrememberthings，因此答案选择D。66．【T8】對的答案：A解析：youwatched修饰themovie，因此答案选择A。A.givepresentationB.newinnovationC.uploadedPhrases:A.howtohelppoorpeoplewithallsortsof【T9】______B.allthespeechesare【T10】______totheirwebsitesC.【T11】______onavarietyoftopicsTEDisasetofconference,heldinvariouscitiesaroundtheworldeveryyear.Withspeakers—alsofromvariouspartsoftheglobe—【T12】______,foreveryonetosee.TEDconferencesinvitespeakersto【T13】______.Thedifferentspeakersareusuallyexpertsintheirfieldandtalkaboutnewideasandrecentdevelopmentsthatareimportanttotheirwork.Thespeakersareoftenalsowellknown,withpeoplesuchasMicrosoftgiantBillGatesandworld-renownedchimpanzeeexpert,JaneGoodall,havinggiventalks.Therearemanytalksonenvironmentalism,forexample,andoninternationaldevelopment,aidwork,and【T14】______.Whilethetalkscoverawidevarietyoftopics,allspeakershaveastricttimelimit—eachpresentationmustlastnolongerthan18minutes.67．【T9】對的答案：B解析：sortsof背面应接名詞，只有选项B符合。allsortsofnewinnovation“表达多种类型的新发明”。68．【T10】對的答案：C解析：allthespeechesareuploadedtotheirwebsites表达“所有的演讲都會上传到网站上”。69．【T11】對的答案：A解析：givepresentationonavarietyoftopics表达“根据多种话題做演讲”。70．【T12】對的答案：B解析：根据foreveryonetosee可知，本句意思应是“所有的演讲都會上传到网站上，為了让每個人都可以看”。71．【T13】對的答案：C解析：invitespeakerstogivepresentationonavarietyoftopics表达“邀請演讲者根据多种各样的话題做演讲”。72．【T14】對的答案：A解析：howtohelppoorpeoplewithallsortsofnewinnovation意思是“怎样用多种新发明去幫助穷人”。根据“manytalksonenvironmentalism，forexample”可知，這属于其中的一种例子，与internationaldevelopment、aid，work這两個话題并列。A.touseB.findingC.thewayPhrases:A.goodat【T15】______informationB.【T16】______theirbrainsworkC.【T17】______theirimaginationThetimespentwithtechnologydoesn’tjustgivekidsnewwaysofdoingthings,itchanges【T18】______.Forexample,anarticlesaysthatwhilevideogamesmayconditionthebraintopayattentiontomultiplestimuli,theycanleadtodistractionanddecreasedmemory.Childrenwhoalwaysusesearchenginesmaybecomevery【T19】______—butnotverygoodatrememberingit.Inaddition,thearticlesaid,childrenwhousetoomuchtechnologymaynothaveenoughopportunities【T20】______ortoreadandthinkdeeplyaboutthematerial.73．【T15】對的答案：B解析：goodatdoingsth．…意為“擅長做某事”。74．【T16】對的答案：C解析：theway…意為“用……的措施”。75．【T17】對的答案：A解析：touse…意為“使用”。76．【T18】對的答案：B解析：文中itchangesthewaytheirbrainswork．意為“它变化了他們大脑工作的方式”。77．【T19】對的答案：A解析：becomeverygoodat意為“变得非常擅長”，文中“becomeverygoodatfindinginformation意為“变得非常善于找寻信息”。78．【T20】對的答案：C解析：haveenoughopportunitiestodosth．意思是“有足够机會去做某事”。文中的haveenoughopportunitiestousetheirimagination意思是“有足够机會使用他們的想象力”。WritingDirections:Inthispart,youaretowritewithin30minutesacompositionofnolessthan150wordsonthefollowingtopic.Youcouldfollowthecluessuggestedbythepicturegivenbelow.RemembertowritethecompositionclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.79．Writeacompositioninnolessthan150wordsonthetopic:WhatMakesHappyCouplesHappy?Youcouldwriteaccordingtothehintsgivenbelow.WriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.Happycouplesknowwhati