教师资格认定考试高级中学英语模拟题14

教师资格认定考试高级中学英语模拟题14一、单项选择题在每小题列出四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案。1.

Whichofthefollowingsetsofphoneticfeaturecha（江南博哥）racterizetheEnglishphoneme?A.[+semi-closed,+back,-rounded]B.[+semi-open,+back,+rounded]C.[+closed,+back,+rounded]D.[+open,+front,+rounded]正确答案：B[解析]考查语音学知识。为半开后圆唇元音。

2.

Thecorrectpronunciationoftheunderlinedlettersintheword"particular"is______.

A.

B.

C.

D.正确答案：C[解析]考查字母组合的发音。particular的发音是，所以字母组合ar发音，故选C。

3.

______firstproposedtheSpeechActTheory.A.SearleB.AustinC.GriceD.Halliday正确答案：B[解析]考查语用学知识。言语行为理论的创始人是Austin,Searle发展了言语行为理论，Grirce提出了会话的合作原则，Halliday是系统功能语法的创始人。

4.

Themanager______theprosandconsofthesituationoverandoveragainbeforemakingafinaldecision.A.balancedB.measuredC.examinedD.judged正确答案：A[解析]考查动词辨析。balance“权衡”；measure“测量”；examine“检查”；judge“判断，判决”。句意：在做出最终决定之前，经理再三权衡了这种情况的利弊。

5.

Thisjobis______doing,butitisn't______tospendsomuchtimeonit.A.worth;worthB.worth;worthwhileC.worthwhile;worthD.worthwhile;worthwhile正确答案：B[解析]考查近义词辨析。worth和worthwhile均表示“值得的”。beworth后可直接跟名词、代词或动名词，其句子主语可用形式主语it，也可用动名词的逻辑宾语。而beworthwhile只能用在itbeworthwhile结构中，后接动名词或不定式均可。因此只能选B。

6.

Itwasdemandedthattheplay

______again.A.shouldputonB.wouldputonC.beputonD.puton正确答案：C[解析]考查虚拟语气。在“Itis+过去分词+that”句型中，如果这类分词是表示建议、命令、要求、愿望等，则从句需要用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为：(should)+动词原形。此外，play与puton之间是动宾关系，故选C。

7.

Itookmyticket,andmarchedproudlyuptheplatform,withmycheeses,thepeople______respectfullyoneitherside.A.fellbackB.fallingbackC.beingfallenbackD.havingfallenback正确答案：B[解析]考查独立主格结构。该句中，主语thepeople与分词之间是主动关系。句意为“我拿着车票还有我的奶酪，雄赳赳气昂昂地跨步走向月台。人们似乎很尊敬我，纷纷向两边退去”。故选B。

8.

Morphemesthatrepresent"tense","number","gender","case"andsofortharecalledmorphemes.A.inflectionalB.freeC.boundD.derivational正确答案：A[解析]考查屈折词素。屈折词素(Inflectionalmorpheme)与其他词素结合后，会改变其时态、单复数等，例如动词遇到第三人称单数时须加上后缀-s，这样的词素只会改变语法特征，并不改变语意。

9.

Whichofthefollowingisanentailmentoftheutterance"Anniebrokethewindow"?A.Anniewascareless.B.Anniewasdisruptive.C.Anniedidsomethingtothewindow.D.ItisAnniewhobrokethewindow.正确答案：C[解析]考查语义学知识。句子之间的蕴含关系(Entailment)是一种包含关系，即一个句子X的意思包含于另一个句子Y的意思，表现为“XentailsY.”就真值条件而言，如果X为真，那么Y也为真；如果X为假，那么Y亦真亦假。

10.

W:BeirutisinPeru,isn'tit?

M:AndRomeisinRomania,Isuppose.

TheanswerofMaboveviolatedthe______maxim.A.qualityB.quantityC.relationD.manner正确答案：A[解析]答话者明知自己说的话不正确，但还是说了，违反了质量准则。故选A。

11.

TheimplicationofLanguageInputTheorygivestoforeignlanguageteachingisthatlanguageteachingshouldfirstlypayattentionto______.A.acertainamountoflanguageinputB.languagesignC.linguisticmeaningD.languageuse正确答案：A[解析]考查语言输入理论。语言输入理论对外语教学的启示是：语言教学应首先重视一定量的语言输入。

12.

Inapre-listeningactivity,studentsneedtolearntocopewithsomeambiguityinlisteningandrealizethattheycanstilllearnevenwhentheydonotunderstandevery,singleword.Theaimofthisactivityistodeveloptheskillof______.A.listeningforspecificinformationB.listeningforgistC.listeningforstructureD.listeningforvocabulary正确答案：B[解析]考查听力教学。在听前活动中，学生需要学会应对听力过程中模糊不清的内容，并且需要意识到即使他们不能完全理解每一个单词但仍然可以学习，这属于培养学生听主旨的能力。A为听细节，B为听主旨，C为听结构，D为听词汇。故选B。

13.

Inwriting,whichsessionisusedtogetstudentstothinkfreelyandputdownallpossibleideasrelatedtothetopicthatcometotheirmind?A.Proofreading.B.Revising.C.Brainstorming.D.Mapping.正确答案：C[解析]考查写作教学。在“头脑风暴”阶段，学生可以自由畅想跟话题有关的观点，并记下来。

14.

Classroomlanguagecanalsobecalledin-classlanguage,whichisthespeciallyusedlanguagesystembybothteachersandstudentsinclassroomteaching.Whichofthefollowingisnotconsistedinit?A.Spokenlanguage.B.Bodylanguage.C.Spellinglanguage.D.Writtenlanguage.正确答案：C[解析]考查课堂教学用语。题目的意思是“课堂用语是老师和学生在课堂教学中运用的语言体系，包含哪些种类”，课堂用语包含书面语，口语，肢体语言。书面语的英文书写是“writtenlanguage”。故选C。

15.

Whenstudentslearn"apple,orange",theteachergivesstudentsanotherword"fruit".Whichprincipledoestheteacherfollowinhis/hervocabulary,teaching?A.Word-choiceprinciple.B.Presentationprinciple.C.Cultureprinciple.D.Systematicprinciple.正确答案：D[解析]考查词汇教学。系统性原则是指在词汇教学时要注意给学生展示词汇之间的系统性和联系性，如音形关系、形意关系、词形变化关系、反义词、同义词、上下位词等。题干中教师展示了已教词汇的上位词，故选D。A项指“词汇选择原则”，指选择目标词汇时，应当选择具有代表性的、能够用于其他活动的、经常出现的词汇。B项指“展示原则”，指展示新词时应当将其直观化、情景化和趣味化。c项指“文化原则”，是指语言是文化的载体，词汇结构、词义结构和搭配都应与该语言的文化相连。

16.

______areundertakentodeterminethegapbetweentheexistingskills,knowledgeandabilitiesandthosethatareneededtofunctionatthedesiredlevel.A.LearningassessmentB.LearningneedsC.LearninganalysisD.Teachingassessment正确答案：B[解析]学习需求是用于分析学习者已有知识与所要求达到的知识水平之间的差距。

17.

Theteacherasksstudentstoproduceconversationbyusingparticularpatternsorexpressionstheyhavejustlearned.Whatroleistheteacherplayinginthisactivity?A.Assessor.B.Controller.C.Organizer.D.Participant.正确答案：C[解析]教师要求学生用特定的表达方式编制对话，此时教师是课堂活动的组织者。

18.

Whenstudentsengagedingroupwork,theteachergavefeedbackaftereachgrouphadstatedtheiropinionandshowntheiroutput.Thisiscalled______.A.instructingB.observingC.monitoringD.evaluating正确答案：D[解析]考查教学评价。教师在小组陈述完观点后，给出自己的评价和反馈信息，这是评价行为(evaluating)。

19.

AccordingtoBartlett,reflectiveteachingincludesfivestages,thatis,mapping,informingandthreeotherstagesEXCEPT______.A.monitoringB.contestingC.appraisalD.acting正确答案：A[解析]考查反思型教学。Bartlett把反思型教学(reflectiveteaching)描绘为一个循环的过程，其中包含五个因素，即mapping“描绘”，informing“明了”，contesting“质疑”，appraisal“评估”，acting“行动”。故选A。

20.

Whichofthefollowingpatternsdoesnotbelongtosubjectivetest?A.Writtenexpression.B.Oraltest.C.TranslationD.Cloze.正确答案：D[解析]考查语言测试。不属于主观性试题的是完形填空。故选D。

Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinagediscriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofeasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.WhilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbytheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediseriminationareneversued,andcaseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.

Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalaryandpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,lperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitiousentry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Amongthisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.

Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkerswhentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.

Fromtheemployer'sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employersmaybelesslikelytoremoveprotectedolderworkersbecausetheystillfearlawsuits.Onethingwedoknowisthatonceanolderworkerlosesajob,heorsheismuchlesslikelytofindanewjobthanayoungerworkeris.

Unfortunately,theeffectoflegislationprohibitingagediscriminationisnoteasytoseeandmayactuallybepartofthereasonitissodifficultforolderworkerstofindemployment.Ifitismoredifficulttofireanolderworkerthanayoungerworker,afirmwillbelesslikelytowanttohireolderworkers.Indeed,myresearchfindsthatinstateswhereworkershavelongertimetobringalawsuitclaim,oldermenworkfewerweeksperyear,arelesslikelytobehired,andlesslikelytobefiredthanmeninstateswheretheydonothaveasmuch,

NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.However,legislationprohibitingdiscriminationisnopanacea(万灵药).Therecentproposedcongressionallegislationcouldhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonpotentialolderworkers.21.

Alotofcasesofagediscriminationarenotfoundbecause______.A.agediscriminationlawwasjustintroducedrecentlyB.otherdiscriminatedgroupsdon'tsueexceptthewhitesC.agediscriminationcasesareinlargequantityanditisdifficulttodetectallofthemD.manydiscriminatedpeopledon'tsueandcostsofalawsuitoutweighpotentialbenefits正确答案：D[解析]推理判断题。第二段最后一句讲到许多年龄歧视案件没有被发现，第三段分析了其原因。由第三段第二句“Forthemost...”可知选D。

22.

ThelabormarketexperimentinBostonshowsthat______.A.youngermaleapplicantsaremorelikelytobehiredthantheirfemalecounterpartsB.agediscriminationisquitecommoninhiringprocessC.theauthorcollectedinformationbyinterviewingfemaleapplicantsD.femaleapplicantswhoare50yearsoldwillneverhaveachancetogetajob正确答案：B[解析]细节理解题。根据Boston定位到第四段。该段首句指出年龄歧视起码在低级别的职位存在，接下来又通过实验调查可知，年龄歧视在招聘过程中很普遍，故选B。

23.

Whatmayleadtotheincreaseofdiscriminationlawsuitsduringtimesofhighunemployment?A.Theincreaseofagediscrimination.B.Thedecreaseofagediscrimination.C.Thedecreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.D.Theincreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.正确答案：C[解析]推理判断题。根据highunemployment定位到第五段最后两句。根据最后两句“Thenumberof...”可知，高失业时期的诉讼机会成本低于好景时的机会成本，因此可推断高失业期诉讼机会成本较低可导致诉讼案件增加，故选C。

24.

Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthat______.A.employerscouldspecifytheagesofpeopletheywanttohireinthepastB.allemployersrecruitedworkersthroughadvertisementinthepastC.legislationprohibitingdiscriminationcan'tfreeoldworkersfromagediscriminationD.therecentproposedcongressionallegislationisineffective正确答案：A[解析]细节调节题。由最后一段第一句“Notmanypeople...”可知A正确。第一句指出过去的招聘广告会详述年龄要求，但并不能说明所有的雇主都会通过广告招聘工人，故B错误；文中并没有提到年龄歧视法案是否会将年老的工人解救出来，故C没有原文根据；D与该段最后两句表述有出入。

25.

Theauthoris______whenheanalyzestheagediscriminationissue.A.pessimisticB.partialC.objectiveD.doubtful正确答案：C[解析]观点态度题。第一段讲到很多年龄歧视情况都不被发现，接下来分析原因，讲到立法效果不明显等。这些都是事实及现状，作者没有带自己的主观色彩，故对年龄歧视问题的分析是客观的，所以选C。

AsGilbertWhite,Darwin,andothersobservedlongago,allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheirnumberfromgenerationtogeneration.Thetaskforecologistsistountangletheenvironmentalandbiologicalfactorsthatholdthisintrinsiccapacityforpopulationgrowthincheckoverthelongrun.Thegreatvarietyofdynamicbehaviorsexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsmakesthistaskmoredifficult:somepopulationsremainroughlyconstantfromyeartoyear;othersexhibitregularcyclesofabundanceandscarcity;stillothersvarywildly,withoutbreaksandcrashesthatareinsomecasesplainlycorrelatedwiththeweather,andinothercasesnot.

Toimposesomeorderonthiskaleidoscopeofpatterns,oneschoolofthoughtproposesdividingpopulationsintotwogroups.Theseecologistspositthattherelativelysteadypopulationshave"density-dependent"growthparameters;thatis,ratesofbirth,death,andmigrationwhichdependstronglyonpopulationdensity.Thehighlyvaryingpopulationshave"density-independent"growthparameters,withvitalratesbuffetedbyenvironmentalevents;theseratesfluctuateinawaythatiswhollyindependentofpopulationdensity.

Thisdichotomyhasitsuses,butitcancauseproblemsiftakentooliterally.Foronething,nopopulationcanbedrivenentirelybydensity-independentfactorsallthetime.Nomatterhowseverelyorunpredictablybirth,deathandmigrationratesmaybefluctuatingaroundtheirlong-termaverages,iftherewerenodensity-dependenteffects,thepopulationwould,inthelongrun,eitherincreaseordecreasewithoutbound(barringamiraclebywhichgainsandlossescanceledexactly).Putanotherway,itmaybethatonaverage99percentofalldeathsinapopulationarisefromdensity-independentcauses,andonlyonepercentfromfactorsvaryingwithdensity.Thefactorsmakinguptheonepercentmayseemunimportant,andtheircausemaybecorrespondinglyhardtodetermine.Yet,whetherrecognizedornot,theywillusuallydeterminethelong-termaveragepopulationdensity.

Inordertounderstandthenatureoftheecologist'sinvestigation,wemaythinkofthedensity-dependenteffectsongrowthparametersasthe"signal"ecologistsaretryingtoisolateandinterpret,onethattendstomakethepopulationincreasefromrelativelylowvaluesordecreasefromrelativelyhighones,whilethedensity-independenteffectsacttoproduce"noise"inthepopulationdynamics.Forpopulationsthatremainrelativelyconstant,orthatoscillatearoundrepeatedcycles,thesignalcanbefairlyeasilycharacterizedanditseffectsdescribed,eventhoughthecausativebiologicalmechanismmayremainunknown.Forirregularlyfluctuatingpopulations,wearelikelytohavetoofewobservationstohaveanyhopeofextractingthesignalfromtheoverwhelmingnoise.Butitnowseemsclearthatallpopulationsareregulatedbyamixtureofdensity-dependentanddensity-independenteffectsinvaryingproportions.26.

Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A.discussingtwocategoriesoffactorsthatcontrolpopulationgrowthandassessingtheirrelativeimportanceB.describinghowgrowthratesinnaturalpopulationsfluctuateovertimeandexplainingwhythesechangesoccurC.proposingahypothesisconcerningpopulationsizesandsuggestingwaystotestitD.posingafundamentalquestionaboutenvironmentalfactorsinpopulationgrowthandpresentingsomecurrentlyacceptedanswers正确答案：A[解析]主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是某一思想流派提出的影响生物数量波动的两个因素，以及它们在造成生物数量波动过程中的重要性。故选A。

27.

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorconsidersthedichotomydiscussedinthesecondparagraphtobe______.A.applicableonlytoerraticallyfluctuatingpopulationsB.instrumental,butonlyifitslimitationsarerecognizedC.dangerouslymisleadinginmostcircumstancesD.acompleteandsufficientwaytoaccountforobservedphenomena正确答案：B[解析]细节理解题。作者在第二段介绍了影响生物数量波动的两个因素后，第三段首句就提出了对这两个因素的评价。由Thisdichotomyhasitsuses,butitcancauseproblemsiftakentooliterally可知，B项正确。

28.

Accordingtothetext,allofthefollowingbehaviorshavebeenexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsEXCEPT______.A.roughlyconstantpopulationlevelsfromyeartoyearB.regularcyclesofincreasesanddecreasesinnumbersC.erraticincreasesinnumberscorrelatedwiththeweatherD.uncheckedincreasesinnumbersovermanygenerations正确答案：D[解析]细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，有些生物的数量保持相对稳定，有些则呈现规律性的增加或减少，还有些会因为环境影响而出现突然的增加或减少。结合选项，只有D项文中未提及。

29.

Thediscussionconcerningpopulationinthethirdparagraphservesprimarilyto______.A.demonstratethedifficultiesecologistsfaceinstudyingdensity-dependentfactorslimitingpopulationgrowthB.advocatemorerigorousstudyofdensity-dependentfactorsinpopulationgrowthC.provethatthedeathratesofanypopulationareneverentirelydensity-independentD.underlinetheimportanceofevensmalldensity-dependentfactorsinregulatinglong-termpopulationdensities正确答案：D[解析]推理判断题。由第三段内容，尤其是最后两句可知，虽然density-dependentfactors在调控生物数量时所占的分量很小，但对决定长期生物数量来说却非常重要。而且第四段紧接着提到了density-dependentfactors才是生物数量调控的基础性因素。故选D。

30.

Inthetext,theauthordoesallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.citetheviewsofotherbiologistsB.defineabasicproblemthatthetextaddressesC.presentconceptualcategoriesusedbyotherbiologistsD.describetheresultsofaparticularstudy正确答案：D[解析]写作手法题。作者在文中引用了生物学家的观点和所提出的概念范畴，也解释了文章的基本问题，但并没有描述某一具体的研究结果。故选D。

二、简答题(本大题共20分)根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。1.

为了克服教学目标陈述的含糊性，R.E.Mager发展了行为目标的陈述技巧。请介绍行为目标陈述的ABCD规则并举例说明。正确答案：Mager认为一个合格的教学目标应具有四个组成部分：对象(Audience)、行为(Behavior)、条件(Condition)、标准(Degree)。对象(Audience)：教学目标的表述中应明确教学对象。需要强调的是，此处的对象一定是学习者，而不是施教者。例如，多数学生经过操练后能比较流利地朗读本单元Activity5中的对话；30%左右的学生能脱离书本表演。

行为(Behavior)：行为是对学习者应能做什么的描述。编写行为时，教师可以问自己：学习者做出哪些行为时可以证明他们达到教学目标的要求。例如，全体学生能正确认读、听懂理解以下单词：cinema，film，filmstar，stadium，footballmatch，footballteam等；90%左右的学生能正确拼写这些单词。

条件(Condition)：由于期望学生做出的行为总是在一定条件下完成的，所以教学目标应包括条件的表述。条件表示学习者完成规定行为时所处的情境，说明在评价学习者的学习结果时，应在哪种情况下评价。例如，全体学生能根据教师提供的分层情境，两人或多人一组编出一段关于“邀请”的对话，并在全班展示交流。

标准(Degree)：标准是行为完成质量可接受的最低程度的测量依据。对行为标准做出具体描述，以使教学目标更具有可测性。例如，全体学生能将关于食品的英文单词按蔬菜、水果、饮料、肉类等进行分类，至少90%的词汇分得正确。

三、教学情境分析题(本大题共30分)根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。以下片段选自某课堂实录。

T:TodayisMary'sbirthday.Ifyou'reMary'sfriend,LiMing,whatwillyousaytoher?

S1:Mary!Happybirthdaytoyou!Hereismybirthdaypresent.It'sabook.Ihopeyoulikeit.

S2:Mary!Thiscardisforyou.Ihopeyouwillbehappy.

...

S5:IthinkLiMingwillsay,"Mary!Youarebeautiful.Ilikeyou!

Here'smypresent.Ihopeyoulikeit."

(Afterheanswersit,theotherstudentslaugh,andtheclassroomhasmessedimmediately.Thentheteachersays...)

T:...

S5:Thankyou,Ilikeit.

Thestudentsitsdownandthewholeclassstudentswarmlyapplaudhim,theneveryone'sspeechbecomeswarmerandmoreenthusiastic.

请分析该教学片段并回答下列问题：1.

当学生说：“Ilikeyou”时，请按照上述片段为该教师设计答语。正确答案：T:Ithinkyouareacleverboy.YourEnglishisverygood.IthinkMarywillbeverygladtohearit.Here'smypresent(apencil)foryonranswer.Ihopeyouwilllikeit.

2.

针对上述片段，简述巧妙地处理课堂意外的重要性，以及教师如何保护学生“开口说英语”的积极性。正确答案：教师在课堂上难免会遇到一些始料未及的事情，这是教学中的不确定因素，它会打断教师的教学行为和师生的思路，影响教学的正常进行。倘若处理不当，不但会使课堂秩序遭到破坏，影响师生感情，而且会累及课程进度。这就要求教师果断、巧妙地采取措施，迅速妥善地处理课堂意外。显然，该教师通过自己的机智巧妙地化解了教学中遇到的意外——教师巧妙地避开了学生5突然提出的话题，同时学生5对老师的赞扬和礼物作出了恰当的回应，这一系列行为把课堂气氛推向了一个高潮。

由开放的导入而生成的丰富的学生资源，打破了旧课堂秩序的平衡，教师要在不断变化的课堂中发现、判断、整合信息，随时把握有价值的意外情况，推动教学的生成与发展。针对学生的回答教师要及时给予回应，遇到意外情况时，教师要给学生以鼓励，并对他们的想法及表达给以肯定，以保护学生开口说英语的积极性。

四、教学设计题(本大题共40分)根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。1.

设计任务：请根据以下教学内容设计一节听力课的教案。该教案应突出以下要点：

Teachingobjectives

Teachingkeyanddifficultpoints

Majorstepsandtimeallocation

Activitiesandjustification

教学时间：45分钟

语言素材：

FIGHTINGGROWINGDESERTS

Whydowehavedesertstoday?Desertshavenotalwaysbeenhere.Mostdesertsthatwehavetodaywereoncegreenlandsfulloftheplantlife.Oneoftoday'sbiggestdesertsisinNorthAfrica.However,inthe1stcenturyBCfarmsintheNorthAfricagrewcornandwheattomakebreadforthewholecityofRome.Howdidthisareabecomedesert?

Bothweatherandpeoplecanhelpformadesert.Hotweatherorverylittlerainmakesthelandsodrythatnothingcangrow.Ifpeoplecutdownorburntreesandplantstomakelandclearforfarming,thewindcanblowthesoilawayandturnthedrylandintosand.Anotherbigproblemisfarmingonlandthatisnotverygood.

Thispoorlandcanveryquicklyturnintodesert,ifitisfarmedtoomuch.Oneofthebiggestcauses,however,iswhenpeopletaketheiranimalstothesamefieldstofeedoverandover,andthefieldsfinallylosealltheirnutrition.Becauseoftheseproblems,desertsareslowlytakingovergreenlandinmanypartsoftheworld,includingChina.

However,wecanfightthegrowingdeserts!InsomepartsofChinapeopleareworkingtopreventdesertfromexpanding.InXinjiang,forexample,somefarmersaretryingnewscientificfarmingmethods.Thesemethodsmakeitpossibletouselesslandforcrops,sofarmersthencanplanttreesontherestoftheirland!

OneXinjiangfarmer,usedonlyhalfofhisfieldstogrowthesameamountofcropsaslastyear.Ontheotherhalfofhisland,heplantedfruittrees.Theworkofpeoplelikethisishelpingtofighttheworld'sgrowingdeserts.正确答案：

Teachingobjectives:

(1)Knowledgeobjective

Studentscanlearnaboutthecausesofthedesertandthemethodtopreventdesertification.

(2)Abilityobjective

①Studentscanunderstandthefunctionoftopicsenfences,andtakenotesabouthowthedesertcomesintobeing.

②Studentscanpredictthelisteningmaterialaccordingtothetitleandtesttheirguessing.

(3)Emotionobjective

Studentscanrealizetheseriousenvironmentalproblemsandtheimportanceofenvironmentprotection.

Teachingkeyanddifficultpoints:

(1)Toknowaboutthecausesof