2024年8bunit6知识点归纳A

8BUnit6知识點归纳1.traina.動詞“锻炼，训练，培养”e.g.①Heistrainingtobeadoctor.②Thedogistrainedinhelpingblindman.b.名詞“火車，列車”e.g.IgotupsolatethatIdidn’tcatchthetrainthismorning.c.有关短語：betrainedin在…方面接受训练trainas+某身份為成為….而训练trainfor為….而训练gointotraining從事锻炼；参与训练trainoneself训练自已It’snecessarythatyoutrainyourselfbeforethewalkHetrainedasateachertwoyearsago.d.trainingn.训练，培训atrainingcenter训练中心，培训中心trainern.教练，驯兽師辨析：train，drill,exercise,practiceTrain用于思想人格方面的训练Drill常用于技术方面的训练Exercise锻炼心智和体力的训练Practice指不停反复的“实践”2.It’smeaningfultodosth.meaningfuladj.故意义的meaninglessadj.没故意义的meaningn.意思,含义,意义e.g.Doyouknowthemeaningofthisword?It’smeaningfultodonatemoneytoProjectHope.Meana.吝啬的,小气的；刻薄的[(+about/over/with)]Don'tbesomeantoyourlittlebrother!Herhusbandisverymeanaboutmoney.b.意思是；打算；意味Imeantocallonyoutomorrow.Whatdoesthiswordmean?Becomingamillionairedidn'tmeananendtohismoneyworries.c.有关短語：meantodosth打算做某事meandoingsth意味著做某事bemeanabout/over/withsth在某方面小气3.needa.行為動詞“需要”，一般不用進行時，可用句型：①needsthe.g.Ineedacupoftea.②need(sb)todosthe.g.Ineedyoutocleantheclassroom.③sthneeddoing=sthneedtobedonee.g.Theclassroomneedscleaning.=Theclassroomneedstobecleaned.b.情态動詞，無人称或数的变化，多用于否认句和疑問句。变疑問句時，直接把need提前，变否认句用neednot或needn’t。NeedIhandinmyhomeworknow?Weneednotpayforthedrinks.Theyarefree.c.needn.需求，需要inneed“出于需要状态”Wehavenoneedtobeafraidofthem.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Wearedonatingmoneyforchildreninneed.4.needsomemorefoodMore在此是adj.修饰可数名詞和不可数名詞。another+数詞+n.=数詞+more+n.（more在此表达“额外的，此外的”）e.g.Let’sfindtwomorepeopleforourteam.5.Idon’tthink---否认前移6.adisabledpersondisabledadj.残疾的disabilityn.残疾，劳動能力丧失thesick,elderlyanddisabled老弱病残7.anelderlypersonelderlyadj.年老的theelderly老年人the+adj：表达一类人thepoor,therich,thehomeless8.ahomelesspersonhomelessadj.無家可归的联想：helpless,hopeless,careless9.deafpeopledeafadj.聋的deafnessn.聋deafenv.使聋，震耳欲聋deaf-mute聋哑者deaf-aid助听器turnadeafearto對…充耳不闻Theyareasdeafasthosewhowon’thear.充耳不闻blind:adj.瞎的(blind的主語是人而不是眼睛)turnadeafeyeto/beblindto對….视而不見goblind失明blindnessn.失明theblind盲人10.helpthemcrosstheroad注：cross(動詞)---across(介詞)HelpsbdosthHelpsbwithsthhelp(to)dosthaskforhelphelpfulhelpless11.It’s+adj+todosth.做…是….It’shardtolearnalanguage.12.Iwantyoutohelpme.wantsthwanttodosthwantsbtodosth13.Arethereanyotherwaystohelpthem?①anyother,“任何其他的”，背面可接名詞單数和复数，区别在于1.後接單数可数名詞時，表达在某一范围内，除了sb/sth以外的任何别的sb/sth；2.後接复数名詞時，表达在某一范围内，除了sb/sth以外的任何剩余的sb/sth的所有。Heistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.Doyouhaveanyotherideas?假如表达在不一样范围内俩個人/物的比较，用anyother+單数名詞ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.（相似范围）ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinOceania.（不一样范围）②Way的使用方法：“方式，措施agreat/goodwaytodosth=agreat/goodwayofdoingsth“做某事的一种好方式”thebestwaytodo/ofdoingsth“做某事的最佳方式”Reading1.whattoexpect期待什么expecttodosthexpectsbtodosthexpectthatHunterexpectsthatshewillcome.Anyonecan’texpecttolearnaforeignlanguageinaweek.2.volunteerfortheSpecialOlympicsWorldSummerGames為夏季残奥會做志愿者volunteerv.志愿做，义务做n.志愿者volunteertodosth义务做某事，积极做某事volunteerforsth3.themostamazingexperienceofhis他生活中最难忘的經历Experiencen.經历（可数）；經验（不可数）表达做某事的經验，其後一般接in[of]doingsth。Hehashadmanyyears’experiencein[of]wheatplanting/plantingwheat.v表达“体验”“經历”等，Thechildhadneverexperiencedkindness.這孩子從未受過善待。Heexperiencedgreathardshipsforthefirsttimeinhislife.他有生以来第一次体验到巨大的艰苦。4.necessaryadj.必须的，必要的n.必需品unnecessary不必要的，多出的Ifnecessary假如有必要benecessaryfor必须，有..必要It’snecessaryforsb.todosth.5.athleten.运動员athleticadj.强健的，运動的athleticn.田径运動會，体育运動6.coachn.教练v.训练，指导footballcoachheadcoach總教练，主教练assistantcoach助理教练7.givesbachancetodosth給某人一种机會做某事Chancen.机會=opportunityMissachanceachancetodosthachanceofdoingsthbychance偶尔byanychance萬一8.Event(运動)比赛项目；大事ahistoricaleventasocialeventintheeventof倘若，萬一intheeventthat倘若，萬一It’seasytobewiseaftertheevent.9.similaradj.相似的，类似的(無比较级和最高级)besimilarto与……相似，与……类似besimilarin在某些方面相似MostofthemserveXinjiangfood,whichisverysimilartothefoodsheeats.10.giveupsth/givesthup放弃某事giveitupgiveupdoingsth放弃做某事giveup屈服11.bebornwith生来具有……beborntodo生為……Shewasborntosucceed.12.takepartin参与joininjoin13.not…but…不是…而是…14.gettodosth有机會做某事补充：getto逐渐15.achieveone’sdream=realizeone’sdream=makeone’sdreamcometrue实現某人的梦想achievevt.实現，到达achievementn.成就，成绩achieveadj.可以完毕的16.goldn.金；金牌silvern.银；银牌Speechissilver,silenceisgold.能言是银，沉默是金。prizen.奖赏，奖品=awardn.奖品，奖firstprize一等奖NobelPrize诺贝尔奖Pricen.价格Prisen.奖赏，欣赏16.includev.“包括，包括”，背面可接名詞或動名詞Zhuziqing’sworkincludespoetryandprose.①Include,containInclude“包括，包括…在内”，强调容纳某東西成為整体的一部分※contain“具有，裏面装有”，强调某物容纳比其更小的東西thepriceofthedictionaryincludespostagecharges.Doesthisboxcontainbiscuits?※Includingprep.“包括，包括”Shehasmanyhobbiesincludingjogging,swimmingandskiing.※Included,include的過去式，表达“包括在内的”，只放于名詞後做定語。Thisisthewholebill,theserviceincluded.=Thisisthewholebill,includingtheservice.17.Tryone’sbesttodosth=trytodosth竭力做某事trydoingsth尝试做某事Haveatry尝试一下，试一下Trythisway尝试一下這個措施18.Feellike“感覺像”“摸起来像”Ifeellikeabigfool.Thenewman-madematerialfeelslikerealleather.feellikesth/doingsth想要某事/做某事feellikeoneself“覺得身体状况正常”Idon’tfeellikemyselftoday.GrammarDonatev.捐献，捐赠donationn.捐赠品，捐赠物donatemoneytosb為某人捐款raisemoneyforsb為某人筹款Charityn.慈善机构；慈善Charityschool慈善學校charitysale义卖Troublen.麻烦（不可数）Some/little/much/great/notroubleHavetroublewithsthHavetroubleindoingsthGetoutoftroubleGetintroublebeintroublemaketrouble引起麻烦askfortrouble自找麻烦providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.offersbsth=offersthtosboffertodosth积极提出做某事Integratedskillssavev.存储，储蓄；拯救savemoney/time省钱/時saveone’slifeteachsbsth=teachsthtosbteachersbtodosthteachoneself自學not…..anymore“不再，再没有”相称于nomore.Ican’tbelieveyouanymore.=Icannomorebelieveyou.※not…..anylonger=nolonger表达時间上不再延续。Iamnotachildanylonger.※not…..anymore.至数量上不再增長或動作不再反复Thebabydidn’tcryanymore.Taskbeillinhospital生病住院inhospital住院inthehospital在醫院（也許在醫院工作或在醫院看病人）haveaseriousblooddisease患有严重的血液疾病※Diseasen.疾病泛指多种疾病，尤其指传染病和重大疾病Thediseaseiscarriedbyrats.※Illness多指难以醫治慢性病或或身体虚弱等影响生活的疾病Hedidn’tgotoschoolbecauseofhisillness.※Sickness多指晕船、惡心、胃病等等方面的疾病或有关饮食的疾病。Manypeoplediedofhungerandsickness.Operationn.手术operatev.运作，造作operationaladj.运转正常的，操作上的do/performanoperation做手术Shehadanoperationonhereyes.assoonaspossible尽量快地as+adj./adv(原级)+aspossibleAsforjunkfood,Ithinkyoushouldeataslittleaspossible※as….aspossible可与as….assbcan/couldYoumustcomebackassoonaspossible.=youmustcomebackassoonasyoucan.bothadj.俩者都bebothboth+動詞both….and…bothofBothLinlinandIhavebeentoBeijing.Bothofthesisterslikethebook.6.giveahelpinghand伸出援助之手7.getwell康复【注意】well作形容詞表达身体的健康GrammarIt作形式主語Itis+adj.+that………It做形式主語，真正主語是that引导的從句，adj是用来阐明背面主句的性质特性，常用形容詞有：clear,possible,wrong,sad,necessary,difficult,important,certain,true,surprising…….Itisdangerousthatyoucrosstheroadnow.Itisimportantthatthestudentslearnteamspirit.Itis+adj.+todosthIt做形式主語，動詞不定式todosth是真正主語。ItishappytohelpotherslearnEnglish.Itispossibletofinishitwithinanhour.Itiswrongtolookdownon/uponpoorchildren.Itisunwisetogivethechildrenwhatevertheywant.Itis+adj.+forsbtodosthIt做形式主語，for引出動詞不定式的逻辑主語sb，adj只是阐明動詞不定式的特性而不是表达人的性质或特性。常用形容詞有：necessary,difficult,important,easy,hard,interesting……Itisnecessaryforpeopletoeatandsleepeveryday.ItisimportantforyoutoreadEnglish.It’snecessaryfortheyoungtomastertwoforeignlanguage.Itis+adj.+ofsbtodosthIt做形式主語，of引出動詞不定式的逻辑主語sb，adj表达動詞不定式主語的特性。常用形容詞有：kind,foolish,nice,silly,generous,clever,careful,selfish等表达心理品质,性格特性的形容詞，某人和這些形容詞可以构成主系表构造。如：It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewiththework.=Youarekindtohelpmewiththework.Itseemedselfishofhimnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.=Heseemedselfishnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.It+take(sb.)+時间（金钱）+動詞不定式，如：Ittooktheworkersalmostthreeyearstofinishbuildingthedam.Itwilltakeawholedaytogettothetopofthemountainonfoot.注意：第一种和第二种句式可互换，意思不变。Itisusefultobringamapwithyouwhiletravelling.=Itisusefulthatyoubringamapwithyouwhiletravelling.Itisdangerousforpeopletogohikingalone.=Itisdangerousthatpeoplegohikingalone.Itismeaningfulthatheplantsatreeneartherivereveryyear.=Itismeaningfulforhimtoplantatreeneartherivereveryyear.It作形式主語常見句型動詞不定式，動名詞或主語從句作主語時，一般把它們放在谓語動詞前，而用it作形式主語，放到句首，常見句型有：1.It+be+形容詞+主語從句，如：ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.2.It+be+名詞詞组+主語從句，此类名詞有：afact,apity,ashame,anhonour，aquestion等，如：It’sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.Itremainsaquestionwhetherhewillcomeornot.3.It+be+過去分詞+主語從句，此类過去分詞有：announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等，如：Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.Itisnotdecidedwhowillgivetheoperationtothepatient.4.It+不及物動詞(seem,appear,happen等)+主語從句,此类不及物動詞有：appear,happen,seem等，如：Itseemedthathedidn’ttellthetruth.IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.7.It+be+名詞詞组+動詞不定式，如：Itisnotagoodhabittostayuptoolate.8.It+be+名詞或形容詞+動名詞，此类名詞和形容詞常常是：good,nogood,nouse,awasteof,useless,senseless等，如：It’sawasteoftimetalkingtoheranymore.Itisnousearguingaboutthematterwithhim.实战演习：1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.(NMET1997)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever2.Infactisahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.(上海)A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it3.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It4.Isnecessarytotakeo