2024年英语专业四级阅读理解模拟题

英語专业四级阅讀理解模拟題AsimplepieceofropehangsbetweensomeenvironmentallyfriendlyAmericansandtheirneighbors.Ononesidestandthosewhohavebeguntoseeclothesdryersaswastefulconsumersofenergy(upto6%oftotalelectricity)andpowerfulemittersofcarbondioxide(uptoatonofCO2perhouseholdeveryyear).Asanalternative,theyareturningtoclotheslinesaspartofwhatAlexanderLee,anenvironmentalist,calls"what-I-can-doenvironmentalism."Butontheothersidearepeoplewhoopposeair-dryinglaundryoutsideonaestheticgrounds.Increasingly,theyhavepersuadedcommunityandhomeownersassociations(HOAs)acrosstheU.S.tobanoutdoorclotheslines,whichtheysaynotonlylookunsightlybutalsolowersurroundingpropertyvalues.Thoseactions,inturn,havesparkedaright-to-drymovementthatispressingforlegislationtoprotectthechoicetouseclotheslines.Onlythreestates--Florida,HawaiiandUtah--havelawswrittenbroadlyenoughtoprotectclotheslines.Right-to-dryadvocatesarguethatthereshouldbemore.MattReckisthekindofeco-consciousguywhofeedshistreeswithbathwaterandrecyclescondensationdropsfromhisairconditionerstowaterplants.Hisfamilyalsousesaclothesline.ButOttoHagen,presidentofReck'sHOAinWakeForest,N.C.,notifiedhimthataneighborh,adcomplainedabouthisline.TheRecksignoredthewarningandstilldrytheirclothesonaropeintheyard."Manypeopleclaimtobeenvironmentallyfriendlybutdon'ttakemattersintotheirownhands,"saysReck.HOAsHagenhasdecidedtoholdofftakingaction."I'mnotgoingtogocrazy,"hesays."ButifMattkeepshislineandmoreneighborscomplain,I'llhavetoaddressitagain."NorthCarolinalawmakerstriedandfailedearlierthisyeartoinsertlanguageintoanenergybillthatwouldexpresslypreventHOAsfromregulatingclotheslines.ButtheissueremainsatouchyonewithHOAsandrealestateagents."Mostaestheticrestrictionsarerooted,toadegree,inthebeliefthathomogenous(统一协调的)exteriorsaresupportiveofpropertyvalue,"saysSaraStubbins,executivedirectoroftheCommunityAssociationInstitute'sNorthCarolinachapter.Inotherwords,associationsworrythathousingpriceswillfallifprospectivebuyersthinktheirwould-beneighborsaretoopoortoafforddryers.AlexanderLeedismissesthenotionthatclotheslinesdevaluepropertyassets,advocatingthattheidea"needstochangeinlightofglobalwarming.""Weallhavetodoatleastsomethingtodecreaseourcarbonfootprint,"AlexanderLeesays.1.WhatisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageofusingclothesdryers?A.Electricityconsumption.B.Airpollution.C.Wasteofenergy.D.Uglylooking.2.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECT?A.Opposersthinkair-dryinglaundrywoulddevaluesurroundingassets.B.Opposersconsidertheoutdoorclotheslineasaneyesoretothescenery.C.Right-to-drymovementsledtothepassofwrittenlawstoprotectclotheslines.D.MostofstatesintheUShavenowrittenlawstoprotectclotheslines.3.WhatistheHOAs'attitudetowardstheregulationofoutdoorclotheslines?A.Concerned.B.Impartial.C.Supportive.D.Unclear.4.InthelastparagraphAlexanderLeerecommendsthatA.clotheslinesshouldbebannedinthecommunity.B.clotheslineswouldn'tlessenthepropertyvalues.C.theglobewouldbecomewarmerandwarmer.D.weshouldprotecttheenvironmentinthecommunity.5.AnappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbeA.OpinionsonEnvironmentalProtection.B.OpinionsonAir-dryingLaundry.C.What-I-Can-DoEnvironmentalism.D.RestrictionsonClotheslines.参照答案与解析：文章概要：本文探讨与否该用晾衣绳在室外晾晒衣服。第l段指出干衣机不利环境保护，由此引出用晾衣绳晾衣服的话題；第2段简介對用晾衰绳晒衣服的两种對立观點；第3段描述环境保护主义者MattReck用晾衣绳在室外晒衣服，并指出他的行為引起邻居的不满及业主委员會组员OttoHagen的注意；第4段指出北卡罗来纳州立法者试图修订法律规定业主委员會對住户与否在室外晾衣無权干涉，法案却没有通過的原因；最终一段：AlexanderLee认為人們应當变化观念，為減少碳排放量奉献力量。答案解析：1[D]细节判断題。考察使用干衣机的弊端，文章第1段第2句话對此有论述：有人认為干衣机挥霍能源從而导致電的损耗．释放的二氧化碳污染空气，A、B、C选项分别列举了這些弊端，本題是逆向选择題，规定选出不是干衣机弊端的一项，故选D2．[C]细节判断題。第2段提到，户外晾衣绳不仅破壞优美的風景還減少房产价值，A、B都對。D与本段最终一句表述也相符。C無法從文中推断出来，故选C。3．[C]观點态度題。考察HOAs协會的组员對限制使用晾衣绳的态度。第3段最终几旬提到，假如Matt继续使用晾衣绳，HOAs的组员Hagen就要直接出面說Matt了，這间接表明了HOAs协會的态度；此外，從第4段前两句，也可推知C對的。4．[D]段落细节題。在最终一段，AlexanderLee提出，鉴于全球变暖我們的观念需要变化，至少要做到尽量減少碳物质的排放。因此选项D符合題意。A与原文意思相反；B虽然是AlexanderLee的观點，却不是他要倡导的，故不选。C并不是AlexanderLee的观點。5.[B]全文主旨題。本文就与否应當限制使用晾衣绳進行了探讨分析，文章最终呼吁人类变化观念，每個人都应為保护环境尽一份力。选项B符合題意。A太宽泛；C明显不對；D只体現了文中某些人的观點，過于片面。Withinthatexclusivegroupofliterarycharacterswhohavesurvivedthroughthecenturies--fromHamlettoHuckleberryFinn--fewcanrivaltheculturalimpactofSherlockHolmes.Sincehisfirstpublicappearance20yearsago,thegentlemanwiththecurvedpipeandatasteforcocaine,themasterofdeductivereasoningandelaboratedisguise,haslefthismarkeverywhere--incrimeliterature,filmandtelevision,cartoonsandcomicbooks.AtHolmes'side,ofcourse,washistrustedfriendDr.Watson.Loomingevenlarger,however,wasanotherdoctor,onewhosemedicalpracticewassoslowitallowedhimplentyoftimetopursuehisliteraryambition.Hisname:ArthurConanDoyle.Asthecreatorofthesefictionalicons,ConanDoylehashimselfbecomesomethingofacultfigure,theobjectofcountlesscriticalstudies,biographiesandfanclubs.ConanDoylewasborninEdinburghin1859,inarespectablemiddle-classCatholicfamily.Still,itwasfarfromaneasylife.Therewasneverenoughmoney;theymovedfrequentlyinsearchoflowerrents;andhisfather,acivilservantandillustratorwasanalcoholicwhohadtobeinstitutionalized.Yettheearlylettershewrotetohismotheraresurprisinglyoptimistic,concernedmainlywithfood,clothes,allowancesandschoolwork.At14camehisfirstunforgettablevisittoLondon,includingMadameTussaud's,wherehewas"delightedwiththeroomofHorrors,andtheimagesofthemurderers."Asuperbstudent,ConanDoylewentontomedicalschool,wherehewasattractedbyDr.JosephBell,aprofessorwithanuncannyabilitytodiagnosepatientsevenbeforetheyopenedtheirmouths.ForatimeheworkedasBell'soutpatientclerkandwouldwatch,amazed,athowthelocationofacalluscouldrevealaman'sprofession,orhowaquicklookataskinrashtoldBellthatthepatienthadoncelivedinBermuda.In1886,ConanDoyleoutlinedhisfirstnovel,AStudyinScarlet,whichhedescribedas"asimpletaleofmysterytomakealittleextramoney."Itsmaincharacter,initiallycalledSherringfordHopeandlatercalledSherlockHolmes,wasbasedlargelyonBell.ButHolmes'firstappearancewentalmostunnoticed,andthestrugglingdoctordevotednearlyallofhissparetimetowritinglonghistoricalnovelsinthestyleofSirWalterScott—novelsthathewasconvincedwouldmakehisreputation.Itwasn'ttobe.In1888,HolmesreappearedinAScandalinBohemia,ashortstoryinStrandMagazine.Andthistime,itsherotookanimmediatehitandConanDoyle'slifewouldneverbethesame.1.ThetypicalfeaturesofSherlockHolmeswereallEXCEPTA.rational.B.sociable.C.intelligent.D.cunning.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutConanDoyleandhisfamily?A.Hecamefromamiddle-classfamily.B.TheyledahardlifeinEdinburgh.C.Hisfatherwasaddictedtodrinking.D.Hismotherhadreceivedlittleeducation.3.HowdidConanDoylefeelabouthisfirstvisittoLondon?A.Itwashorrible.B.Itwaspleasant.C.Itwasawful.D.Itwasmemorable.4.WecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatA.themorecallusesapersonhas,themoreprofessionalhewouldbe.B.writersoftenbasetheirwritingonpersonalexperiences.C.ConanDoylehasgonethroughaperiodofhardshiponhiswaytosuccess.D.inspirationwasveryimportantforapersontocreatesomething.5.ConanDoyle'sshortstory"AScandaiinBohemia"hasprovedtobe__atlast.A.successfulB.powerfulC.ridiculousD.frustrating参照答案与解析：1．[B]细节判断題。考察福尔摩斯的人物性格特性，定位到第l段。第1段描写福尔摩斯是一种總是拿著卷曲烟斗、嗜好古柯碱、善于推理和伪装的一种人，因此A、C、D选项都是對福尔摩斯這一人物特性的描绘，而选项B(社交广的)并未在文中提及，本題是逆向选择題，因此选项B是答案。2．[D]细节判断題。考察柯南道尔的家庭背景，定位到第3段。本段提到柯南道尔出生在一种中产阶级家庭不過生活很不轻易，也對他的父亲進行了简介。不過對于他的母亲文章只提到柯南道尔給其母亲写信并未提及其母受教育状况，因此选项D是答案。3．[D]细节判断題。考察柯南道尔對伦敦的印象，定位到第3段。根据第3段末句可知，第一次伦敦之旅給柯南道尔留下难以磨灭的记忆，故答案D符合題意，同步排除其他三项。4．[C]细节推断題。從最终一段的描述可知，柯南道尔在經历了失败和挫折之後最终才获得了成功，故选项C符合題意。Bell可以從手上老茧的位置来判断一种人的职业，A误讀了原文。柯南道尔的小說AStudyinScarlet以Bell為原型，但不能以此阐明作者總是根据亲身經历来创作。5．[A]细节判断題。考察柯南道尔的小說最终的成果，定位到最终一段。根据末段末句可知，柯南道尔刊登在StrandMagazine上的短篇小說AScandalinBohemia中的男主角風行一時，柯南道尔的人生也将由此发生变化．因此A选项符合題意。Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.Howeverlittleknownthefeelingsorviewsofsuchamanmaybeonhisfirstenteringaneighborhood,thistruthissowellfixedinthemindsofthesurroundingfamilies,thatheisconsideredtherightfulpropertyofsomeoneorotheroftheirdaughters."MydearMr.Bennet,"saidhisladytohimoneday,"haveyouheardthatNetherfieldParkisletatlast?"Mr.Bennetrepliedthathehadnot."Butitis,"returnedshe;"forMrs.Longhasjustbeenhere,andshe'toldmeallaboutit."Mr.Bennetmadenoanswer."Doyounotwanttoknowwhohastakenit?"criedhiswifeimpatiently."Youwanttotellme,andIhavenoobjectiontohearingit."Thiswasinvitationenough."Why,mydear,youmustknow,Mrs.LongsaysthatNetherfieldistakenbyayoungmanoflargefortunefromthenorthofEngland;thathecamedownonMondayinachaiseandfourtoseetheplace,andwassomuchdelightedwithit,thatheagreedwithMr.Morrisimmediately;thatheistotakepossessionbeforeMichaelmas,andsomeofhisservantsaretobeinthehousebytheendofnextweek.""Whatishisname?""Bingley.""Ishemarriedorsingle?""Oh!Single,mydear,tobesure!Asinglemanoflargefortune;fourorfivethousandayear.Whatafinethingforourgirls!""Howso?Howcanitaffectthem?""MydearMr.Bennet,"repliedhiswife,"howcanyoubesotiresome!YoumustknowthatIamthinkingofhismarryingoneofthem.""Isthathisdesigninsettlinghere?""Design!Nonsense,howcanyoutalkso!Butitisverylikelythathemayfallinlovewithoneofthem,andthereforeyoumustvisithimassoonashecomes.""Iseenooccasionforthat.Youandthegirlsmaygo,oryoumaysendthembythemselves,whichperhapswillbestillbetter,forasyouareashandsomeasanyofthem,Mr.Bingleymaylikeyouthebestoftheparty."1.Thesentence"...asinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife"meansthatA.asinglemanwhoisfinanciallystableneedsawife.B.asinglemanwithoutmoneyneedn'tawife.C.womenwanttogetmarriedtofinancialstablemen.D.oncemanbecomesrich,hemustwanttogetawife.2.Accordingtothepassage,theyoungman,Mr.Bingley,isbelievedtohaveallthefollowingcharacteristicsEXCEPTA.rich.B.gentle.C.single.D.generous.3.FromtheconversationbetweenMr.andMrs.Bennet,wecanconcludethatMrs.BennetA.wantedtotellherhusbandsomethingabouttheirnewneighbor.B.wantedtogetacquaintedwiththeirnewneighbor.C.wantedtopersuadeherhusbandtoseetheyoungman.D.askedherhusband'spermissiontovisitthenewneighbor.4.Attheendofthepassage,Mr.Bennetsounded__towardhiswife'sproposal.A.hostileB.indifferentC.delightedD.annoyed5.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?A.Satirical.B.Humorous.C.Critical.D.Unclear.参照答案与解析：1．[A]句意理解題。文章首句提到，一种有钱的独身汉，總需要一位妻子，故选项A符合題意。2．[B]细节判断題。考察Mr．Bingley的性格特性，從Mrs．Bennet与Mr．Bennet的對话中可以得知，Mr．Bingley是個富有、大方的独身汉。选项A、C、D都是對這些特性的描述，本題為逆向选择題，规定选出不符合Mr．Bingley性格特性的一项，故答案為8。3．[C]细节判断題。文中Mrs．Bennet与Mr．Bennet談话目的就是但愿丈夫能去拜访新的邻居從而為她的某個女儿发明机會。故选C。4．[B]观點态度題。根据文章最终一段可知，Mr．Bennet對太太的提议無動于衷并打趣說让她自已带著女儿去，或許Mr．Bingley在晚會上最喜欢她。因此选项B符合題意。5．[A]全文基调問題。本文的作者用挖苦的語言，向我們描绘了一幅母亲试图為自已女儿发明一段姻缘的場景。因此选项A符合題意。TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOSandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,"No,quitecontrary."Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda"technologicalrenaissance"saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends--nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat'smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.Thetechnogurus(领袖)promisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,the.comgeneration,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24-hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-and-time-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommodifiedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother'selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver,Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.ffthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime--oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthatA.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward.B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.C.technologyactually