山东省滨州市2025届高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

PAGEPAGE24山东省滨州市2025届高三英语上学期期末试题（含解析）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHere'saselectionoftitlesthatfocusontheselflessnessoffictionalcharacterswho,byhelpingothers,helpthemselvesaswell.FreaktheMightyRodmanPhilbrickTheysayoppositesattract.ThatisverytrueinthecaseofMaxandKevin.Maxisanextra-largeeighthgraderlabeledlearningdisabled.Kevin,knownasFreak,ishighlyintelligentandsuffersfromararedwarfismsyndrome（侏儒综合征）.Literallyputthetwotogether-FreakridesonMax'sshoulders——andtheyfightforgoodcauses.SchooledGordonKormanCapAndersonhasbeenraised,homeschooled,andprotectedbyhisgrandmotherRainonadesertedfarm.ButwhenRainisill,Capissenttoapublicschool,wherehisinnocenceisexposedtoallthecorruptionRainhasbeenprotectingfrom.HowtoBuildaHouseDanaReinhardtHarperEvanshasalwaysbeenpassionateabouttheplanetanddesirestohelppeoplewholiveonit.Inthesummervacation,shejumpsatachancetohelpbuildanewhouseforapoorfamily.However,shefeelsalittleguilty,becauseit'snotjustanopportunityforhertohelpbutherchancetorunawayfromherdad'sdivorceandstepsister'shostility（敌意）.Home,andOtherBig,FatLiesJillWolfsonThoughverylittle,Termitecantakecareofherself-andhasbeenthroughtwelvefoster（寄养）homes.Manyloggingfamilieshavetakeninfosterkidstohelpendsmeet.Aftercomingtoappreciatethebeautyoftheforestandgettingattachedtoagiantredwood,Termitefindsherselfbetweenthosewhoselivesdependontreesandthosewholivetoprotectthetreesandthewildlifethatdependsonthem.1.Whichbookshowsthatunityisstrength?A.FreaktheMighty. B.Schooled,C.HowtoBuildaHouse. D.Home,andOtherBigFatLies.2.Whichcharacterescapesfamilyproblemswhilehelpingothers?A.Kevin. B.Termite.C.HarperEvans. D.CapAnderson.3.Whomentionstheenvironmentalprotectioninhisorherbook?A.GordonKorman. B.RodmanPhilbrick.C.DanaReinhardt. D.JillWolfson【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了四本书籍，书籍中主子公是虚构的，也是无私帮助他人和自己的。【1题详解】推理推断题。依据FreaktheMighty部分的“Maxisanextra-largeeighthgraderlabeledlearningdisabled.Kevin,knownasFreak,ishighlyintelligentandsuffersfromararedwarfismsyndrome（侏儒综合征）.Literallyputthetwotogether-FreakridesonMax'sshoulders——andtheyfightforgoodcauses.(Max是一个超大的八年级学生，被标记为学习障碍。Kevin，被称为Freak，特别聪慧，患有罕见的侏儒症综合征。两人联盟——Freak骑在Max的肩膀上——他们为正义而战)”可推断，尽管两位主子公各有缺陷，但是两个人联合起来，为正义而战，表明白团结就是力气，所以FreaktheMighty这本书表明白团结就是力气。故选A。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据HowtoBuildaHouse部分的“HarperEvanshasalwaysbeenpassionateabouttheplanetanddesirestohelppeoplewholiveonit.（HarperEvans始终对地球充溢热忱，渴望帮助生活在地球上的人们）”和“However,shefeelsalittleguilty,becauseit'snotjustanopportunityforhertohelpbutherchancetorunawayfromherdad'sdivorceandstepsister'shostility（敌意）.(然而，她感到有点内疚，因为这不仅是她帮助别人的机会，也是她逃离父亲离婚和继妹敌意的机会)”可知，HarperEvans在帮助他人的同时躲避家庭问题。故选C。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段的“Home,andOtherBig,FatLiesJillWolfson”“Manyloggingfamilieshavetakeninfosterkidstohelpendsmeet.Aftercomingtoappreciatethebeautyoftheforestandgettingattachedtoagiantredwood,Termitefindsherselfbetweenthosewhoselivesdependontreesandthosewholivetoprotectthetreesandthewildlifethatdependsonthem.(很多伐木家庭收养了孩子来维持生计。在观赏了森林的漂亮之后，Termite依附在一片巨大的红杉上，发觉自己介于那些依靠树木为生的人和那些为了爱护树木和依靠树木的野生动物而活着的人之间）”可知，JillWolfson提到了环境爱护。故选D。BDuringmyfirstyearofcollege,IwentonatripwithagroupofclassmatestoNewYorkCityforfun.Attheendoftheday,severalofthestudentssuggestedhangingoutinthecityforawhilebeforegettingdinner.Theyendedupspendingthousandsofdollarsattheclothingstore.Itwasonlywhentheyhadfinishedthattheydecidedtoeatdinnerataplaceacrossthestreet.InthenicestrestaurantIhadeverbeento,IorderedthecheapestappetizerIcouldfind,andsatinsilenceasthestudentsaroundmereminiscedabouttheirmostrecentvacationstoEurope.Whenthedinnerwasover,astudentsuggestedseeingaBroadwayplay,andoneguytoldthegroupCabaretwasplayingforonly$250aticket.IknewIwasn'tgoingtobespending$250forashow.“Ihavealotofhomework,”Isaid.“Butthanksanyway.”Iwalkedbacktothehotelalone.Tobeveryhonest,IfinditfascinatingtobesurroundedbyclassmateswhocomefromwealthyfamiliesIhaveneverexperienced.Meanwhile,I'mnotembarrassedforbeingunabletoaffordthethingsmyclassmatesbuy.I'mproudofwhoIam,andwhereI'vecomefrom.Ontheotherhand,oneofmyclassmateshadgottentocollegeonaneeds-basedscholarship.Hedidn'thaveanymoney.Hedidn'thaveacarandreliedonbriskwalkstogetanywhere.Hecouldn'tevenaffordfood,soheworkedparttimeatcollegefoodservicetomakeafewdollarsandgrableftoversformeals.HecertainlykeptmegroundedasIfeltlikeaspoiledbratusingmoneysofreelyandbuyingmyselfasandwichwheneverIfelthungry.So,whileIwasridiculouslywonderingaboutmyinsufficiency,heshowedwhatrealdeterminationandpridewere.4.Whatdidtheauthordoafterdinner?A.Hewentshopping. B.HesawaBroadwayplay.C.Hewalkedbacktothehotel. D.Hemetwithaclassmateofhis.5.Whydidtheauthorsay“Ihavealotofhomeworktodo”inparagraph2?A.Becausehethoughthomeworkcamefirst.B.Becausehecouldn'thandlepilesofhomework.C.Becausethecomingexamwasofgreatimportance.D.Becausehedidn'tintendtospendsomuchmoneyonaplay.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisfinancialinsufficiency?A.Fascinated. B.Embarrassed. C.Content. D.Worried.7.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Bylistingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bygivingadefinition. D.Byprovidingevidence.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲解并描述了作者大一时和一群同学去纽约旅游玩，作者在晚餐结束后，舍不得在一出戏剧上花费太多钱而选择独自回酒店，引出了作者对于自己经济状况不富有的看法，作者并不为自己经济状况没有其他人富有感到尴尬，而是为自己和自己的出身感到傲慢。还有人比自己的更苦难的同学。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Whenthedinnerwasover,astudentsuggestedseeingaBroadwayplay,andoneguytoldthegroupCabaretwasplayingforonly$250aticket.IknewIwasn'tgoingtobespending$250forashow.(晚餐结束后，一位学生建议去百老汇看一场戏，一个人告知大家，卡巴莱歌舞表演只卖250美元一张票。我知道我不会为一场演出花250美元)”以及“Iwalkedbacktothehotelalone.(我独自走回酒店)”可知，作者晚饭后走回旅馆。故选C。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中“Whenthedinnerwasover,astudentsuggestedseeingaBroadwayplay,andoneguytoldthegroupCabaretwasplayingforonly$250aticket.IknewIwasn'tgoingtobespending$250forashow.(晚餐结束后，一位学生建议去百老汇看一场戏，一个人告知大家，卡巴莱歌舞表演只卖250美元一张票。我知道我不会为一场演出花250美元)”可推知，作者在其次段说“Ihavealotofhomeworktodo”，是因为他不准备在一出戏剧上花这么多钱。故选D。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Tobeveryhonest,IfinditfascinatingtobesurroundedbyclassmateswhocomefromwealthyfamiliesIhaveneverexperienced.Meanwhile,I'mnotembarrassedforbeingunabletoaffordthethingsmyclassmatesbuy.I'mproudofwhoIam,andwhereI'vecomefrom.(说实话，我觉得四周都是来自我从未经验过的富有家庭的同学很有意思。同时，我也不会因为买不起同学们买的东西而感到尴尬。我为我自己和我的出身感到傲慢)”可知，作者满足于自己经济不富有的境遇。故选C。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Tobeveryhonest,IfinditfascinatingtobesurroundedbyclassmateswhocomefromwealthyfamiliesIhaveneverexperienced.Meanwhile,I'mnotembarrassedforbeingunabletoaffordthethingsmyclassmatesbuy.I'mproudofwhoIam,andwhereI'vecomefrom.(说实话，我觉得四周都是来自我从未经验过的富有家庭的同学很有意思。同时，我也不会因为买不起同学们买的东西而感到尴尬。我为我自己和我的出身感到傲慢)”以及第四段“Ontheotherhand,oneofmyclassmateshadgottentocollegeonaneeds-basedscholarship.Hedidn'thaveanymoney.Hedidn'thaveacarandreliedonbriskwalkstogetanywhere.Hecouldn'tevenaffordfood,soheworkedparttimeatcollegefoodservicetomakeafewdollarsandgrableftoversformeals.HecertainlykeptmegroundedasIfeltlikeaspoiledbratusingmoneysofreelyandbuyingmyselfasandwichwheneverIfelthungry.(另一方面，我的一个同学靠助学金上了高校。他没有钱。他没有汽车，到任何地方都要靠轻快的步行。他甚至买不起食物，所以他在高校食品服务中心兼职挣几美元，然后把剩下的食物拿出来当饭吃。他让我觉得自己像个被宠坏的小孩，可以随意花钱，饿了就给自己买个三明治吃)”结合文章先是讲解并描述了作者和家境富有的同学们去纽约玩，作者因为戏剧票价太贵而选择了独自走回酒店，将经济状况不富有的自己和有钱的同学相比，接着第四段作者将与比自己经济条件更困难的同学相比，可推知，文章是通过比较绽开的。故选B。COneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Rubbishofallkindsispilingupinlandfillsandpollutingourriversandoceans.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswechuckawayise-waste--electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivethisstuffanewlife.Manymillionsoftonsoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicequipmentarediscardedeachyear,partlybecauseit'scheapertoreplacethemthanfixthem,butalsobecausewelacktheskillstorepairthem.AUNreportclaimsthe50milliontonsofe-wastegeneratedeveryyearwillmorethandoubleto110milliontonsby2050,makingitthefastestgrowingwastestreamintheworld.However,there'sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.TheBBCvisitedaRestartProjectinLondon,whichisoneofmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneo£itsvolunteers,FrancescoCalo,said,“Thisprojectallowsyoutoreducewaste,extendthelifeofobjects,andithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.”Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anotherideaise-wastemining.AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvesextractingthesematerialsfromelectronicgadgets.It'sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemoreprofitablethantraditionalmining.Withphonestypicallycontainingasmanyas60elements,thiscouldbepartofthesolutiontoourappetitefornewtechnology.Atpresent,incountrieswherethereisnolegislation,muchofitjustgetsdumped.However,theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtotackletheproblembyinsistingmanufacturersmakeapplianceslonger-lastingandsupplysparepartsformachinesforup10years.8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheRestartProjectfoundedtogetridofe-waste.B.Thephenomenonofthesharpriseofelectronicjunk.C.Thedamagecausedbyquantitiesofthingswethrowaway.D.Possiblesolutionstothegrowingamountofelectronicwaste.9.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“discarded”inparagraph2?A.Produced. B.Promoted. C.Recycled. D.Abandoned.10.WhatdoweknowabouttheRestartProjectaccordingtothetext?A.Itaimstoreducee-wastebyprovidingrepairservice.B.Itofferspoorpeoplenewdevicestoreplaceoldones.C.Itisaprojectrecyclingelectricalandelectronicjunk.D.Itintendstomakegreatprofitsbye-wastemining.11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Asciencetextbook. B.Anenvironmentalmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Aneconomicjournal.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了为削减电子垃圾，提出的一些回收项目和可能的解决方案。【8题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswechuckawayise-waste--electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivethisstuffanewlife.（最近在我们扔掉的东西清单上又增加了一个电子垃圾——坏了的、不能回收的电子物品。现在，人们找到了让这些物质焕发新生的方法。）”结合下文提到的三种方法：修理俱乐部，开采电子垃圾和立法可知，本文主要讲的是对日益增长的电子垃圾的解决方法。故选D项。【9题详解】词句揣测题。依据下文“partlybecauseit'scheapertoreplacethemthanfixthem,butalsobecausewelacktheskillstorepairthem.（部分缘由是更换它们比修理它们便宜，但也因为我们缺乏修理它们的技能。）”可知，因为电子产品更换便宜，而且人们缺乏修理技能，因此大多数都被干脆丢弃，由此揣测discarded为“丢弃”的意思。A.Produced.生产；B.Promoted.促进；C.Recycled.回收；D.Abandoned.抛弃。故选D项。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Thisprojectallowsyoutoreducewaste,extendthelifeofobjects,andithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.（这个项目可以削减奢侈，延长物品的运用寿命，还可以帮助那些无力处理出了故障的物品的人。）”可知，该项目主要是通过供应修理服务削减电子垃圾。故选A项。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段“Oneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Rubbishofallkindsispilingupinlandfillsandpollutingourriversandoceans.（破坏我们地球的问题之一是我们扔掉的东西的数量。各种垃圾积累在垃圾填埋场，污染了我们的河流和海洋。）”以及引出的下文可知，文章主要讲的是关于电子垃圾回收的环境问题，因此这篇文章可能出现在有关环境爱护的杂志上。故选B项。DInitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,butinAugust,thenumberofreportedinfectionsnearlydoubled,from56to103,injusttwodays.Itreachedapeakof441casesonAugust26beforetickingbackdowntoatleast100newinfectionsgerday.Thatmonth,thehealthministrybannedlargegatheringsandshutnightclubs,churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.Undersuchaterriblesituation,manyrestaurantshavetakeneffectivemeasurestocopewithit.Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.Asaresult,customerscanavoidanyinteractionwithahumanserverduringthepandemic（疫'情）.Customersorderandpayviatouchscreen,andthentheirrequestissenttothekitchenwhereacookingmachineheatsupthebunsandpatties.Whenit'sready,arobot“waiter”bringsouttheirtakeoutbag.Humanworkersaddtoppingstotheburgersandwrapthemupintakeoutbagsbeforepassingthemovertoservingrobots.Lastmonth,takeoutordersatNoBrandBurgeraccountedfor58percenttotalsales,upfrom42percentinJuly,accordingtothechain'sparentcompany,ShinsegaeFood.Afterarecentsecondwaveofcoronavirusinfections,restaurantsinSouthKoreawereonlyallowedtoprovidetakeoutanddeliveryafter9p.m.—arestrictionthatwasonlyliftedMonday.OtherrestaurantsinAsiahavestartedemployingrobotserversduringthepandemic.InSouthKorea,theItalianrestaurantchainMadforGarlicisusingservingrobotseven,forsit-downcustomers.Using3Dspacemappingandothertechnology,theelectronic“waiter”,knownasAglioKim,navigatesbetweentableswithuptofiveorders.MadforGarlicmanagerLeeYoung—hosaidkidsespeciallyliketherobots,whichcancarryupto66poundsintheirtrays.12.What'sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Itshowshowseverethepandemicwas.B.Itprovidesbackgroundinformationofrobotservice.C.Itintroducesthemeasuresthegovernmenthastaken.D.Itarousespeople'sinterestinreadingthetext.13.Whyareservingrobotsputintouse?A.Tocuthumaninteractionduringthepandemic.B.Toimprovetheefficiencyofrestaurants.C.TopromoteRobottechnology.DToattractchildrencustomers.14.Whatcanrobotsatafast-foodchaininSouthKoreado?A.Addtoppingstotheburgers. B.Packfoodfordiners.C.Bringmealsouttodiners D.Chatwithcustomers.15.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Therobotserviceisgenerallywelcomedbycustomers.B.Otherrestaurantshavelongputrobotsintopractice.C.Restaurantscouldonlyprovidetakeoutinthedaytime.D.Childrenlikerobotsbecausetheycanplaywiththem.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲解并描述在疫情期间餐馆用机器人接单、准备食物和给顾客送餐，这样顾客就可以避开与人类服务员产生任何互动，受到很多人的欢迎。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段“InitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,…churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.”最初韩国的抗疫局面始终不错，但八月份报告的新增病例数几乎翻了一番，两天内就从56例增至103例。8月26日韩国新增确诊病例达到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。为了扭转局势，八月份韩国卫生部禁止了大型聚会，关闭了夜总会、教堂和海滩。再依据下文提到的为了应对疫情，饭店启用机器人服务，削减和人类服务员之间的互动，由此可以推断出第一段是供应机器人服务的背景，故选B。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段“Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.Asaresult,customerscanavoidanyinteractionwithahumanserverduringthepandemic（疫'情）.”韩国快餐连锁店NoBrandBurger正在运用机器人下单、准备食物并将食物送到餐者手中。因此，客户可以避开在疫情期间与人类服务员进行任何交互。所以服务型机器人的运用切掉了人与人之间的接触。故选A。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段“Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.”韩国快餐连锁店NoBrandBurger正在运用机器人下单、准备食物并将食物送到用餐者手中。故选C。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“Lastmonth,takeoutordersatNoBrandBurgeraccountedfor58percenttotalsales,upfrom42percentinJuly,accordingtothechain'sparentcompany,ShinsegaeFood.OtherrestaurantsinAsiahavestartedemployingrobotserversduringthepandemic.”依据NoBrand汉堡店所属的新世界集团食品部的数据，上个月NoBrand的外卖订单占了总销量的58%，相比七月份的42%上升了。亚洲的其他餐馆在流行病期间也起先运用机器人服务器。由此可以推断出机器人服务受到越来越多的人欢迎。故选A。【点睛】推理推断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点看法、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求依据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所供应的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（示意），imply（示意），indicate（示意），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最终结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题1，依据文章第一段“InitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,…churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.”最初韩国的抗疫局面始终不错，但八月份报告的新增病例数几乎翻了一番，两天内就从56例增至103例。8月26日韩国新增确诊病例达到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。为了扭转局势，八月份韩国卫生部禁止了大型聚会，关闭了夜总会、教堂和海滩。再依据下文提到的为了应对疫情，饭店启用机器人服务，削减和人类服务员之间的互动，由此可以推断出第一段供应了机器人服务的背景，故选B。其次节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asweallknow,indailylife,manypeoplewanttogetinshape.Ifyouhappentobeoneofthem,wherewillyougetstarted?Dietcomesfirst.___16___Healthexpertshavelongnotedtheimportanceofphysicalactivities.___17___Physicalactivityburnscalories—themorecaloriesyouconsume,theeasieritistocontrolorloseyourweight.Besides,ithelpstoreducetheriskofsomediseases,includingheartdisease,strokeandevensomekindsofcancer.Physicalactivityisalsoknowntoincreasethereleaseofendorphins,whichhelppeopletoreducepainandfeelmorehappyandpeacefulaswell.___18___Someexpertsbelieveit'stheactofexercisingitself.Otherssayit'sthefeelingonegetsfromhavingmetanexercisegoal.Eitherway,thetwothingsworktogetherwhenitcomestoimprovingone'semotionalhealth.Soexactlyhowmuchexercisedoyouneedtodotogainallofthesegreathealtheffects?Differentpeople,differentideas.Expertssayitiseasierthanyouthink—oneactivityisbetterthannone.___19___Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,youareadvisedtochoosephysicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun.___20___Whatyoureallylike,sometimes,outweighswhatispopularamongthepublic.A.Ithelpstoguaranteethatyoucanstaywiththeprogram.B.Keepingabalanceddietcontributesalottoyourhealth.C.Youcanreleasesomebademotionsbyphysicalactivities.D.Exerciseisagoodwayforyoutomaintainphysicalhealth.E.So,ifyouarenotdoinganything,nowisthetimetogetstarted.F.Thereissomedebateaboutexactlywhatcausesthereleaseofthem.G.However,dietalonewon'tdomuchgoodwithoutanexerciseplan.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.E20.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。在日常生活中，很多人都想保持身材，文章主要就如何起先体育熬炼提出了一些建议。【16题详解】依据上文“Dietcomesfirst.(饮食是第一位的)”以及后文“Healthexpertshavelongnotedtheimportanceofphysicalactivities.(健康专家早就留意到体育活动的重要性)”可知，上文提到饮食排第一位，后文则提到专家留意到了体育活动的重要性，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明熬炼仅靠饮食是不行的，G选项中diet对应上文中diet。故G选项“然而，假如没有熬炼支配，单靠饮食是不会有多大好处的”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】依据后文“Physicalactivityburnscalories—themorecaloriesyouconsume,theeasieritistocontrolorloseyourweight.Besides,ithelpstoreducetheriskofsomediseases,includingheartdisease,strokeandevensomekindsofcancer.(体育活动燃烧卡路里——你消耗的卡路里越多，就越简洁限制体重或减肥。此外，它有助于削减一些疾病的风险，包括心脏病，中风，甚至一些种类的癌症)”可知，后文主要提到了体育活动可以限制体重或减肥、削减一些疾病风险等好处，这些都是运动对保持身体健康的好处，故D选项“运动是保持身体健康的好方法”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】依据上文“Physicalactivityisalsoknowntoincreasethereleaseofendorphins,whichhelppeopletoreducepainandfeelmorehappyandpeacefulaswell.(众所周知，体育活动还能增加内啡肽的释放，这有助于人们削减难受，也会感到更欢乐和平安)”可知，上文提到了，体育活动能增加内啡肽的释放，故本句应承接上文说明内啡肽的释放的缘由，F选项中thereleaseofthem对应上文中thereleaseofendorphins。故F选项“关于原委是什么导致了它们的释放存在一些争辩”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】依据上文“Soexactlyhowmuchexercisedoyouneedtodotogainallofthesegreathealtheffects?Differentpeople,differentideas.Expertssayitiseasierthanyouthink—oneactivityisbetterthannone.(那么，你究竟须要做多少运动才能获得全部这些有益健康的效果呢？不同的人，想法不同。专家说这比你想象的要简洁——有一项活动总比没有好)”可知，上文提到了专家的话“有一项活动总比没有好”，故本句承接上文，说明假如没有从事任何体育运动，那么最好现在起先。故E选项“所以，假如你什么都没做，现在就是起先的时候了”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】依据上文“Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,youareadvisedtochoosephysicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun.(为了充分利用你的熬炼支配，建议你选择自己感爱好的体育活动)”可知，上文提到建议选择自己感爱好的体育活动，故本句承接上文说明说明这一做法的缘由：这有助于保证你能接着参与这个项目。A选项中theprogram指代上文physicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun。故A选项“这有助于保证你能接着参与这个项目”符合语境，故选A。其次部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Innature,fallingleavesareknowntobeassociatedwiththeendoftheseason,whendyingleavesfalltothegroundtowelcometheupcomingautumn.Mostpeoplecollecttheleavesanddrythem,___21___SolangeNunes,aBrazilianartistwithadegreeinFineArtsusestheleaves___22___acanvas(帆布)forembroidery(刺绣).By___23___anderror,Nunes___24___herworks,andshenow___25___herartwithover10kpeopleonInstagram(anappofFacebook).Yearsago,she___26___takewalksandbringbranches,leavesorseedshome.Onetime,shedecidedtodoatestwiththeleaves.Itwasa___27___.Therewasno___28___shecouldturntoandthe“canvas”wasextremely___29___,meaningitrequiredhandlingwithcare.Sheresearchedleavesanddidmanytests____30____shegotthedesiredeffect,andthen,since2017,shehas____31____herselfonlytoembroideryondryleaves.Itisajobthatshedoeswithalotof____32____andshecarriesthatintoherwayofthinkingand____33____theworld.Throughit,shetriestohelppeople____34____tothebeautyand____35____oflife,thebeautythatisshort-lived,andthelifethatisverybriefintheeyesofahuman.21.A.so B.but C.or D.and22.A.through B.into C.upon D.as23.A.trial B.experience C.success D.doubt24.A.perfected B.designed C.spread D.arranged25.A.exchanges B.connects C.satisfies D.shares26.A.usedto B.tendedto C.agreedto D.desiredto27A.miracle B.challenge C.beginning D.mistake28.A.theory B.indication C.reference D.practice29.A.firm B.solid C.fragile D.slight30.A.while B.since C.unless D.until31.A.committed B.entertained C.related D.persuaded32.A.effort B.technology C.passion D.courage33.A.rewarding B.judging C.protecting D.seeing34.A.add B.awaken C.contribute D.refer35.A.quality B.simplicity C.idea D.definition【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.D26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.A32.C33.D34.B35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了拥有美术学位的巴西艺术家SolangeNunes将树叶用作刺绣画布。21题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：大多数人收集树叶并将其晾干，但拥有美术学位的巴西艺术家SolangeNunes将树叶用作刺绣画布。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.and和。上文提到“Mostpeoplecollecttheleavesanddrythem”（大多数人收集树叶并将其晾干），下文提到“acanvas(帆布)forembroidery(刺绣)”可知，这位艺术家处理树叶的方式跟大多数人不一样，上下文之间形成转折关系，需用连词but。故选B。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：大多数人收集树叶并将其晾干，但拥有美术学位的巴西艺术家SolangeNunes将树叶用作刺绣画布。A.through通过；B.into进入，到……里；C.upon在……上面；D.as作为。use…as…为固定短语，意为“把……当作……运用，用作为”，此处指把树叶当作刺绣画布来用。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过反复尝试，Nunes完善了她的作品，现在她在Instagram(脸书的一款应用程序)上与超过1万人共享她的作品。A.trial试验，试用；B.experience经验，阅历；C.success胜利；D.doubt怀疑。trialanderror为固定短语，意为“反复试验”。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过反复尝试，Nunes完善了她的作品，现在她在Instagram(脸书的一款应用程序)上与超过1万人共享她的作品。A.perfected使完善，使完备；B.designed设计；C.spread传播；D.arranged支配。依据“By___3___anderror”可知，反复试验说明她在不断完善自己的作品。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过反复尝试，努内斯完善了她的作品，现在她在Instagram(脸书的一款应用程序)上与超过1万人共享她的作品。A.exchanges交换，沟通；B.connects连接；C.satisfies使满足；D.shares共享。sharesth.withsb.为固定短语，意为“与某人共享某物”。依据“over10kpeopleonInstagram”可知，她与超过1万人共享自己的作品。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：几年前，她经常带着树枝、树叶或种子漫步回家。A.usedto过去经常；B.tendedto倾向于；C.agreedto同意；D.desiredto希望，渴望去做。依据“Yearsago”可知，此处表示她过去经常带着树枝、树叶或种子漫步回家。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个挑战。A.miracle奇迹；B.challenge挑战；C.beginning开头，开端；D.mistake错误。依据上文“Onetime,shedecidedtodoatestwiththeleaves.”（有一次，她确定用树叶做个测试。）可知，此处表示这个测试是一个挑战。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她找不到任何参考资料，而且这幅“油画”极其脆弱，须要当心搬运。A.theory理论；B.indication指示，表明；C.reference参考；D.practice练习。依据上文“Itwasa___7___”可知，此处说明白这是一个挑战的缘由：找不到任何参考资料。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她找不到任何参考资料，而且这幅“油画”极其脆弱，须要当心搬运。A.firm坚决的；B.solid固体的；C.fragile易碎的；D.slight稍微的。依据“meaningitrequiredhandlingwithcare.”可知，这幅“油画”极其脆弱。故选C。【30题详解】考查从属连词辨析。句意：她探讨了叶子，做了很多试验，直到她得到了想要的效果，然后，从2017年起先，她只致力于在干叶子上刺绣。A.while当……时候；B.since自从，因为；C.unless除非；D.until直到。依据“didmanytests”可知，直到得到了想要的效果才停止尝试。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她探讨了叶子，做了很多试验，直到她得到了想要的效果，然后，从2017年起先，她只致力于在干叶子上刺绣。A.committed犯罪，承诺；B.entertained消遣，款待；C.related联系；D.persuaded劝告。commitoneselfto为固定短语，意为“用心致志于”，此处指致力于在干叶子上刺绣。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一份充溢激情的工作，她用这种激情来思索和视察这个世界。A.effort努力；B.technology科技；C.passion激情；D.courage志气。依据“since2017,shehas___11___herselfonlytoembroideryondryleaves.”可知，她带着激情做这份工作。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一份充溢激情的工作，她用这种激情来思索和视察这个世界。A.rewarding嘉奖，奖赏；B.judging推断，评判；C.protecting爱护；D.seeing望见。依据下文“andthelifethatisverybriefintheeyesofahuman”可知，此处表示她用自己的激情来思索和视察世界。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过它，她试图帮助人们意识到生命的漂亮和简洁，即短暂的美，以及在人类眼中特别短暂的生命。A.add增加，添加；B.awaken唤醒；C.contribute贡献，捐助；D.refer提到。依据下文“thebeautythatisshort-lived”可知，通过激情来帮助人们意识到生活中的漂亮，awakento“意识到”。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过它，她试图帮助人们意识到生命的漂亮和简洁，即短暂的美，以及在人类眼中特别短暂的生命。A.quality质量；B.simplicity朴实，简朴，简洁；C.idea办法；D.definition定义。此处指通过在干树叶上刺绣，SolangeNunes明白了生命的漂亮和简洁，也试图把这种信息传递给他人。故选B。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JenniferCoates,a33-year-oldwriterinLosAngeles,___36___(accumulate)morethan110houseplantssinceshebegancollectinginJanuary.Today,they're___37___essentialpartofherdailyroutine.Everymorning,sherollsoutofbedandheadstothelivingroom___38___shebeginsa45-minutetourofallherplants,___39___(bury)fullyinplantculture.Itmightseemextreme,butCoatesisjustoneofmanybuddingplantenthusiastsdevotinghoursadayandthousandsofdollars___40___cultivatingplantcollectionsintheirhomes.Houseplantscouldthankvisuallydrivensocialmediafortheirrevivalinpopularity.ThatwashowCoates___41___(addict)initially.Thoughtheplantcrazemightseemlikeapassingsocialmediafashion,theyounggenerationis___42___(unique)suitedtomaintainalong-lastingloveaffairwithplants.Comparedwithotherlivingthings,suchaspets,plantsoftenrequire___43___(little)attention,buttheystillprovidetheopportunityforpeople___44___(raise)something.Plantscanprovideagreatersenseof____45____(achieve)andpurpose,sheexplained.【答案】36.hasaccumulated/hasbeenaccumulating37.an38.where39.buried40.to41.wasaddicted42.uniquely43.less44.toraise45.achievement【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲解并描述了来自洛杉矶的作家Coates如何收集和探讨室内植物以及室内植物所带来的好处。【36题详解】考查时态语态。句意：33岁的洛杉矶作家JenniferCoates自今年1月起先收集室内植物以来，已经积累了110多种。依据时间状语“sinceshebegancollectinginJanuary”可知，句子须要运用现在完成时。但文章并没有说Coates到现在就不收集了，那么表示Coates还可能将接着下去，所以也可以用现在完成进行时。主语Coates是单数，且与谓语动词ac