2025版高考英语一轮总复习学案新人教版选择性必修第四册

园圜图画圄图画画

UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION

（主题语境：人与社会一一科幻小说）

课前自主预习

KEQIANZIZHUYUXI

I.单词巧练

写准

高考与教材

并记牢

分类识记课标词汇1.(2024•江苏

（一）重点词汇一我会写卷)Wuhan

1.integrityn.诚恳正直；完整；完好declared(dec1

2.dismissvt.让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消退are)temporary

3.backwardsadv.向后；倒着；往回outbound（向外的）

4.fetchvt,（去）拿来；（去）请来traffic

5.urgen.猛烈的欲望；冲动vt.督促;力劝；大力举荐restrictions.

6.fictionn.小说；虚构的事2.(2024•天津

7.bonusn.意外收获；奖金；红利卷)Together,

8.salaryn.薪水；薪金thesedeephuman

9.nailn.指甲；趾甲；钉子屋.（用钉子）钉牢；固定urges(urge)

10.saleswomann.女售货员；女推销员countformuch

11.weekly2dz每周的n.周刊morethan

12.grammen.克（重量单位）ambition.

13.chairwomann.女主席；女董事长；女委员长3.(2024•江苏

（二）阅读词汇一我会认卷)WhenWilson

1.dignityn.庄重；庄重；尊严heatedit,the

2.superioradj.更好的；占优势的（在级别或重要性上）更高的container

3.labourn.劳动（者）；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作exploded(expl

4.handkerchiefn.手帕；纸巾ode),leaving

5.pacen.速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏Wilsonblindedin

—botheyes.

6.maximumadj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大程度4.(2024•全国卷

1

7.flourn,面粉；（谷物磨成的）粉II)Pickingupher

8.salesmann.售货员；推销员''Lifetime

9.venuen.，舌动场地（如音乐厅、会场等）_Achievement"

10.leathern.皮革；[pL]皮衣；皮外套award,proudIrene

11.inchn.英寸declared(deci

12.paneln._限制板；仪表盘；专家询问组are)shehadno

13.niecen._侄女；外甥女planstoretire

14.lampn.灯；台灯fromher36-year

15.mudn._泥；泥浆—oldbusiness.

5.(2024・1月浙江

卷)Itis

calculated(calc

ulate)bydividing

aperson'sweight

inkgbytheir

heightinmeters

squaredandaBMI

ofbetween19and

25isconsidered

healthy.

6.(2024•天津卷)I

readthatpeople

aremore

divided(divid

e)thanever,but

that'snothowthe

peopleIencounter

tendtoact.

7.(2024•3月天津

卷)Thedoctorwho

isalsoapoetand

philosopheris

asuperior

doctor,onewho

2

cangivesomuch

moretohis

patientsthanjust

goodmedical

skills.

8.（2024•浙江卷）

Mylabors

_（labor）lasted

abouttwoweeks,

andthefarmer

saidtheremight

bemorework,butI

wasn't

interested.

（三）拓展词汇一我会变9.（2024,3月天津卷）一Whatcanwe

1.appointmentn.预约；约会；委任flearnaboutthestoryusedinthe

appointvt.任命，委派；约定，指定一procedure?

appointedadj.指定的，约定的；一Itshouldkeeppacewiththe

2.guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的一procedure.

guilt〃.有罪,犯罪行为，罪恶；［法律］轻罪，10.（2024全国甲卷）Theyrushedto

过失；内疚，知罪；自责thewindow,30or40birdsall

3.suspendvt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓一tryingtogetoutatthesame

suspendedadj.暂停的,缓期的（宣判），悬浮的ftime,andpepperoni一everywhere.

suspender吊裤带；悬挂物；吊杆；袜吊Thecurtainswerefallingdown,

4.declarevt.表明；宣称；公布一thelamps（1amp）werefalling

declarationn.宣言，布告，公告，声明down.Itwasarealmess.

5.presumevt.&vi.假定；假设f11.（2024•全国新高考I卷）The

presumption推想，设想；放纵，高傲；［法veryfirstFederalDuckStampwas

律］推定designedbyJ.N."Ding”Darling,

6.calculatep方.计算；核算；预料fapoliticalcartoonistfromDes

calculatorn.计算器一calculationn.计Moines,Iowa,whoatthattime

算，盘算；估计；计算的结果；深思熟虑，慎重的wasappointed（appoint）by

支配PresidentFranklinRooseveltas

3

7.divisionn.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）fDirectoroftheBureauof

dividevt.&vi.分开；分隔；除以；安排一BiologicalSurvey.

divisionaladj.部门的12.（2024,全国乙卷）Theywere

8.randomadj.随机的；不行思议的frandooly（random）divided

randomlyadv.随意地，未加支配地一intofourgroupsandexposedto

randomnessn.随意，无支配；随机性variousnoiselevelsinthe

9.explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破fbackground,fromtotalsilenceto

explosionn,爆炸，炸裂；爆发；扩张，激增；50decibels（分贝）,70decibels,

（感情，尤指生气的）突然爆发fexplosiveadj.and85decibels.

爆炸性的；易爆炸的；突增的；急躁的

联想积累：

1.“一y”后缀常见形容词聚焦

①dirtfdirty肮脏的

②thirst-thirsty渴的；渴望的

③noisefnoisy热闹的

④sleepfsleepy困的

⑤guilt-guilty内疚的；有罪的

⑥healthfhealthy健康的

2.“说”法荟萃

①chatvi.&〃.闲聊；闲聊

②whispervi.小声说；耳语

③informvt.通知；告知

©announcevt.宣告；宣布

⑤declarevt.宣布；声明

⑥statevt.声明；陈述

3.“太空”相关词汇合合

①spaceshipn.宇宙飞船

②capsulen.太空舱

③orbitv.绕轨道飞行

轨道

©astronautn.宇航员

⑤alienn.外星人

II.短语巧练

写准并记牢高考与教材

4

1.testout检验；测试

1.（2024•浙江卷）Icould。'tquitebelieve

2.morelike更像是

myluck一itturnedoutnoonegot

3.—ona...basis_依据；以的方

badlyhurt,buttheoutcomecouldhave

式

beenawful.

4.orrather—更准确地说

2.（2024*1月浙江卷）Itturnsout工it'

5.afterall终归;终究

sjustmathworkingagainstyou;chances

6.morethan不仅仅；不止

are,theotherlinereallyisfaster.

7.bechargedwith_被控诉；被控

3.（2024•江苏卷）Afterallnot

告；担当

everyonehasrealizedthatwildlifehas

8.takeover占上风;取而代之；接管；

thoughts,feelings,andmost

接手

importantly,equalrightstosurvive.

9.—turnout关掉;熄灭；在场；使朝

4.（2024,全国卷11）Helikesthathecan

外；结果是

sitandcheckhisphoneinpeaceorchat

10.fallaway（渐渐）削减;消逝

upthebarkeeperwithwhomhe'sona

11.turnaround转向；回转

first—naaebasisifhewantstohavea

12.falloff从掉下来

littleinteraction（沟通）.

13.intime刚好；迟早

5.（2024•全国乙卷）Whenalmosteveryone

14.superiorto比更好；更胜一

hasamobilephone,whyare_moas

筹

thanhalfofAustralianhomesstill

15.inthefuture在将来,在将来

payingforalandline（座机）？

16.notlongbefore没多久

6.（2024•全国新高考I卷）“Iwasturning

17.getcaughtup_被卷入,卷入到；

thepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,

18._prosandcons事物的利与弊；支

butthedraftwindfromtheturncaused

持与反对

thesparepagesto_falloffthe

19.haveanurgeto有猛烈的欲望做

stand,“MrTittertonsaid,“LuckilyI

某事

wasabletocatchthemandputthemback.”

20.conflictwith与冲突或抵触

联想积累:

1.morethan大观园

’不仅仅后接名词

①morethan'特别与very同义，后接形容词或副词

、超过相当于over,后接数词

②nomorethan仅仅

③notmorethan不超过

5

④no+比较级+than与...一样不

⑤not+比较级+than不比...更

2.take短语聚会

①takeover接替；接任；接管；接手

②takeplace发生，进行

③takeup起先从事；接受（提议）；占用

④takeoff脱掉；起飞；（使）离开；突然胜利

⑤takeon担当；呈现；雇用；录用

⑥takein汲取；欺瞒

3.turn+介词或副词

①turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是

②turnup调大，到场，出现；翻转

③turnon打开

©turnin上交

⑤turndown关小；调低；拒绝

©turnoff关掉

©turnaround转身

III.经典句型

写准并记牢高考与教材

1.itis/was+3力:+that从句1.（2024・3月天津卷）随着时尚是我

Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewas全职想要做的事情变得越来越清晰，

beingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshe我在保险公司的日常工作变得更加困

graduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityand难。

begantotrusthim.Asitbecameclearer

克莱尔认为她被机器人赐予怜悯是荒谬的，但她渐渐thatfashionwaswhatIwantedto

敬佩他的才智和正直，并起先信任他。（教材PJdofulltime,therealityofmyday

2.完全倒装—to-dayworkattheinsurance

Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladyscompanybecameharder.

Claffern.2.（2024•全国新高考I卷）屋顶上

她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝•克拉芬站在那儿。还有一块地方，夏天可以和其他游客

（教材P2）一起出去玩。

3.Itwontbelongbefore...过不了多久就...There'salsoanareaonthe

Whenitcomestogames,2017becameayearinrooftopforhangingoutwithother

whichAIdefeatedhumansinsomanygamesthattravelersduringthesummer.

6

AIresearcherssaythatitwillnotbelong

beforeAIcanwinatalmosteverything.

说到嬉戏，2017年是人工智能在众多嬉戏中击败人

类的一年，以至于人工智能探讨人员表示，用不了多

久，人工智能就能在几乎全部事情上获胜。（教材PJ

课堂考点突破

KETANGKAODIANTUPO

重点词汇精讲

1.appointmentn,预约；约会；委任

j教材原句

Shehadanappointmenttopainthernails,thenshewentintoanexpensiveclothes

shop.(P2)

她约好涂指甲，然后走进一家高档服装店。

C词块必记

(l)makeanappointmentwithsb.与某人预约

keep/breakanappointment守/违(爽)约

(2)appointr方.任命；委派；约定；指定(时间、地点等)

appointsb.as/tobe...任命某人为...

appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事

(3)appointedadj,约定的

j即学即用

单句语法填空

①Ihaveanappointment(appoint)withthemanagerofthatcompanyinthe

evening.

(2)1wasappointedtotake(take)chargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesonthat

day.

2.declarevt.表明；宣称；公布

j教材原句

Sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday,andthat

7

hefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.(P3)

她听见托尼说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满意于仅仅使她快乐。

C词块必记

(1)declarethat...宣告/宣称..

declare...tobe/as...宣布...为/是

declarefor/against赞成/反对...

declarewaron/against向...宣战

declaresth.open/closed宣布...起先/结束

(2)declarationn.宣布

j即学即用

单句语法填空

①InSeptember1939,Britaindeclaredwaron/againstGermanyafterGermany

invadedPoland.

②In1972,PresidentRichardNixondeclaredthethirdSundayofJuneeveryyear

asFather?sDayinAmerica.

(3)TheDeclaration(declare)ofIndependencewasmadeinAmericain1776.

④Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourtirednesscomesfromourmental

andemotionalattitudes.

3.ona...basis依据；以…的方式(基准)

j教材原句

...moneypaidforworkorservices,typicallyonadailyorweeklybasis(P4)

……为工作或服务支付的钱，通常每天或每周支付

C词块必记

(1)onaregularbasis有规律的

(2)basisn.基础；依据

onthebasisofsth.依据某事

(3)basevt,以……为依据n,基部；基地；基础

base...on/upon...把...建立在基础之上

bebasedon/upon以...为基础；依据

(4)basicadj,基本的；基础的

8

J即学即用

单句语法填空

①Agoodparent—childrenrelationshipshouldbesetuponthebasisofmutual

understandingandrespect.

②Asfarasmconcerned,marriagebased（base）onmoneyisboundtobreak

up.

③First,heshowedusthebasic（base）stepsandskillsofmakingdough

figurines（小雕像）.

句式升级

④Thefilmisbasedonatruestoryanditattractspeople'sinterestallover

thecountry.

一Basedonatruestory二thefilmattractspeople'sinterestalloverthe

country.（分词短语作状语）

4.takeover占上风；取而代之；接管；接手

j教材原句

Insci-fistories,robotsoftenbecomesuperiorandtakeover.(P6)

在科幻小说中，机器人通常会变得更高级，并接管一切。

C词块必记

takeoff起飞；突然大受欢迎；脱下；休假

takeon呈现；雇用；担当

takeup占据；起先从事

takein包括；吸入；理解；留意到

taketo起先宠爱；养成……习惯；培育……的实力

takeout切除；毁灭；获得；拿出

j即学即用

用take相关短语的适当形式填空

①（2024•课标全国I）Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isErnest

Hemingway?sAMoveableFeast.

②（2024裸标全国III）VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,

Albaz,MarcJacobs一andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales.

③（2024,课标全国H）ItookoffmyT—shirtanddivedintothewater.Isaw

9

thereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.

@（2024•天津卷）Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinall

thesights,soundsandsensations.

（§）（2017•天津卷）Theideathatthegovernmentwould「akeoverdriverlesscars

andtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere.

@（2017•天津卷）Unfortunately,justasItookoutnrycamera,awoman

approachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.

5.turnout关掉；熄火；在场；使朝外；结果是

j教材原句

Nightcameasifalampwasbeingturnedout,andinanothermomentcamethe

day.（P8）

夜幕驾临，仿佛灯灭了，转瞬间，白天又来临了。

C词块必记

turninto变成

turndown关小；拒绝

turnaway...把...打发走

turnup出现；露面；调大

turnover打翻；翻身；移交

turnin上交

turnto向...求助

j即学即用

介词、副词填空

①Thelocalgovernmentistakingactiontoturntheschoolintoagoodshelter

forallthepupils.

②FredwantedtoturnedontheTVsoheturnedtohisfather,buthis

requestwasturneddownbyhisfather.Hehadtofocusonhislessonsandturned

inhishomeworkontimethenextday.Hisfather?sdecisionturnedouttobe

wise.

完成句子

③我常常向同学或老师求助，结果在学习上不断取得进步。

Ioftenturntomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.Asaresult,Ihavemade

steadyprogressinmystudies.

10

6.urge区.督促；极力主见；驱策n.猛烈的欲望；冲动

j教材原句

Ihadastrongurgetolookattherandomthingsthatwerebeingflashedbefore

myeyes!(Ps)

我有一种猛烈的冲动去看那些在我眼前随机闪过的东西！

C词块必记

(1)haveanurgetodosth.迫切想做某事

(2)urgesth./sb.on督促某物/某人前进

urgesb.todo/intodoingsth.督促某人做某事

urgethat...(should)dosth.极力主见;强调...

Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.坚决要求...

(3)urgenta力..紧急的；迫切的

(4)urgencyn.紧急状况

j即学即用

单句语法填空

①Moreandmorepeopleurgethegovernmentintodoing/todo(do)moreforthe

disabled.

②Itisstronglyurgedthatthelibrary(should)bekept(keep)openduring

thevacation.

③Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaareinurgent(urge)needof

food,medicineandshelters.

©Organizeyourgoalsbasedontwocriteria一thedegreeofurgency(ur—e)

andimportance.

典型句式精析

1.Itis/was+adj,+that从句

j教材原句

Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,

butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.(P2)

克莱尔认为她被机器人赐予怜悯是荒谬的，但她渐渐敬佩他的才智和正直，并起先信任

他。

11

K考点必记

it作形式主语的常用句式：

(1)Itbe+形容词(obvious,possible,strange,natural,important...)+that从

句

⑵Itbe+名词短语(apity,afact,awonder,ashame,anhonour,nowonder...)

+that从句

(3)Itbe+过去分词(said,reported,thought,believed,reported,announced,

expected....)+that从句

j即学即用

单句语法填空

①Itisobvioustothestudentsthattheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheir

future.

②Itisapitythatyoushouldmisssuchagoodopportunitytobroadenyour

view.

③It'sourhopethatwewillplayagreaterroleinthemarketplaceand,

therefore,supplymorejobs.

一句多译

(2024•全国卷H满分作文)重要的是，你应当每天留出一些时间做运动，这样你才能保

持精力充足。

④isimportantthatyoushouldsetasidesometimeeverydayforsports

sothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic,(it作形式主语)

⑤Whatisimportantisthatyoushouldsetasidesometimeeverydayfor

sportssothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic,(what弓|导主语从句)

2.完全倒装

J教材原句

Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.(P2)

她刚一转过身去，就看到格拉迪丝•克拉芬站在那儿。

K考点必记

(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,

out,away等置于句首，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子需用完全倒装。

(2)此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。

12

J即学即用

单句语法填空

①Assoonasthebellrang,outrushed(rush)thechildren.

②ThePublicSquareisaneye-catchingsightofthecity.There

stands(stand)astonesculptureofafamoushistoricalfigure.

3.Itwon'tbelongbefore.・・过不了多久就...

j教材原句

Whenitcomestogames,2017becameayearinwhichAIdefeatedhumansinsomany

gamesthatAIresearcherssaythatitwillnotbelongbeforeAIcanwinatalmost

everything.(P4)

说到嬉戏，2017年是人工智能在众多嬉戏中击败人类的一年，以至于人工智能探讨人员

表示，用不了多久，人工智能就能在几乎全部事情上获胜。

K考点必记

(1)Itwon'tbelongbefore...用不了多久就会..,before从句用一般现在时。

(2)Itwasn,tlongbefore...没过多久就..,before从句用一般过去时。

(3)Itwillbe+一段时间+before...要过若干时间之后才..，before从句用一般现

在时。

(4)Itwas+一段时间+before...过了若干时间才..，before从句用一般过去时。

j即学即用

完成句子

①因为我过不了多久就要毕业了，所以我想做一些和我专业有关的事情。

Sinceitwon'tbeIon。beforeIgraduate,Iwanttodosomethingrelatedto

mymajor.

②没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。

Itwasn'tlongbeforethepeopleinthatcountryroseup.

③假如你错过这个机会，多年之后你才可能再次得到这样的机会。

Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyearsbeforeyougetanotherone.

④他们花了两年才制造出这台机器。

Itwastwoyearsbeforetheyhadsucceededinbuildingthemachine.

13

课后巩固运用

KEHOUGONGGUYUNYONG

I.单句语法填空

1.Inhislong-termfictional(fiction)creationHemingwaygeneralizedand

putforwardhis“iceberg”theory.

2.Thesaleswomen(saleswoman)atthesupermarketwerebusilytryingtokeep

upwiththedemand.

3.Mysisterwassuspended(suspend)fromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.

4.Theopeningspeechessoundedmorelikedeclarations(declare)ofwarthan

offeringsofpeace.

5.Studentsareallowedtotake(take)EuropeanhistoryandAmericanhistory.

6.MrsSmithmadeanappointment(appoint)forhersontoseethedoctor.

7.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,isregarded(regard)

asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.

8.Tomsaidtohimselfthatitwasnotsuchahollowworld,afterall.

9.Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminalswillhavebeen

installed(install)by2024fortheBeijingWinterOlympics.

10.Ihadthought(think)wemighttraveltoasfarasOakValley,butweonly

managedhalfofthetrip.

II.完成句子

1.我在诊全部个预约。(appointment)

I—haveanappointmentatthedoctor,s.

2.我们每个人一生中都有过自私自利的过失。(guilty)

We'veallbeenguiltyofselfishnessatsometimeinourlives.

3.不过总体来说，我变得越来越像我的中国挚友了。

Butforthemostpart,I'mbecoming-orelikemyChinesefriends.

4.你验过架子上的货物了吗？

Didyoutestoutthegoodsintheshelf?

5.很缺憾他昨天没来参与聚会。

isapitythathedidnotcometothepartyyesterday.

6.这座城市的西面有一座古庙，里面完好保存着很多古籍。(完全倒装)

Tothewestofthecitystandsanoldtempleinwhichmanyancientbooksare

wellpreserved.

III.教材与语法填空

14

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Arobotusedforhousework1.wastested(test)outinafamily.Helooked

likeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothhair,?.speaking(speak)inadeepvoice.

Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohe3.hired(hire)sucharobottoaccompany

hiswifeClaire.Clairedidn'tliketheideaat4,thebeginning,butsheagreed

toitatlast.AtherfirstsightofTony,Clairewas5.alarmed(alarm).When

Tonyofferedtohelpherdressing,Clairefeltembarrassed.

6.Gradually(gradual),TonybegantowinClaire'strust.HehelpedClaire

realizeherdr