2024年6月大学英语六级试卷真题及答案第三套

6月英語六级真題及答案（第三套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying“Ifyoucannotdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway.’’Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointofview.Youshouldwriteatleastl50wordsbutnomorethan200words.注意:此部分试題請在答題卡1上作答。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsintheblankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Travelwebsiteshavebeenaroundsincethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,andotherholidaybookingsiteswerelaunched,allowingtravelerstocompareflightandhotelpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger36____bytravelagentsorhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetravelindustrywasrevolutionized,asgreatertransparencyhelped37____prices.Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevolution—thistimetransformingservicequality.Onlineratingplatforms—38____inhotels,restaurants,apartments,andtaxis—allowtravelerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencesforalltosee.Hospitalitybusinessesarenowranked,analyzed,andcomparednotbyindustry39____,butbytheverypeopleforwhomtheserviceisintended—thecustomer.Thishas40____anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseller.Customershavealwaysvotedwiththeirfeet;theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore41____,ofteninveryspecificways,whichcreatespowerful42____toimproveservice.Althoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendlybellboys（行李员）inBerlinormalf-unctioninghotelhairdryersinHouston,thetruepowerofonlinereviewsliesnotjustintheindividualstories,butinthewebsites'43____toaggregatealargevolumeofratings.Theimpactcannotbe44____.Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapidgrowth,asnewcustomersareattractedbygoodreviewsand45____provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.注意:此部分试題請在答題卡2上作答。accountableB.capacityC.controlledD.entailE)forgedF)incentivesG)occasionallyH)overstatedI)persistingJ)pessimisticK)professionalsL)slashM)specializingN)spectatorsO)subsequentlySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.PlasticSurgeryAbettercreditcardisthesolutiontoeverlargerhackattacks[A]Athinmagneticstripe(magstripe)isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-cardinformationandthebadguys.Andthey'vebeenworkinghardtobreakin.That'swhyisshapingupasamajorshowdown:banks,lawenforcementandtechnologycompaniesarealltryingtostopanetworkofhackerswhoaresucceedinginstealingaccountnumbers,names,emailaddressesandothercrucialdatausedinidentitytheft.Morethan100millionaccountsatTarget,NeimanMarcusandMichaelsstoreswereaffectedinsomewayduringthemostrecentattacks,startinglastNovember.[B]Swipe（刷卡）istheoperativeword:cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattackswhenyoumakepurchasesinastore.Inseveralrecentincidents,hackershavebeenabletoobtainmassiveinformationofcredit-,debit-（借记）orprepaid-cardnumbersusingmalware,i.e.malicioussoftware,insertedsecretlyintotheretailers'point-of-salesystem—thecheckoutregisters.Hackersthensoldthedatatoasecondgroupofcriminalsoperatinginshadowycomersoftheweb.Notlongafter,thestolendatawasshowinguponfakecardsandbeingusedforonlinepurchases.[C]Thesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.ThefixisasecuritytechnologyusedheavilyoutsidetheU.S.WhileAmericancreditcardsusethe40-year-oldmagstripetechnologytoprocesstransactions,muchoftherestoftheworldusessmartercardswithatechnologycalledEMV(shortforEuropay,MasterCard,Visa)thatemploysachipembeddedinthecardplusacustomerPIN(personalidentificationnumber)toauthenticate（验证）everytransactiononthespot.IfapurchaserfailstopunchinthecorrectPINatthecheckout,thetransactiongetsrejected.(Onlinepurchasescanbemadebysettingupaseparatetransactioncode.)[D]Whyhaven'tbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?Whenitcomestomailingoutnewcreditcards,it'sallaboutrelativecosts,saysDavidRobertson,whorunstheNihonReport,anindustrynewsletter:"Thecostofthecard,puttingthestickeronit,codingtheaccountnumberandexpirationdate,embossing（凸印）it,thesmallenvelop—allputtogether,youareinthedollarrange."Achip-and-PINcardcurrentlycostscloserto$3,saysRobertson,becauseofthepriceofchips.(Oncelargeissuersconverttogether,thechipcostsshoulddrop.)[E]Multiply$3bythemorethan5billionmagstripecreditandprepaidcardsincirculationintheU.S.Thenconsiderthatthere'sanestimated$12.4billionincardfraudonaglobalbasis'saysRobertson.With44%ofthatintheU.S.,Americancredit-cardfraudamountstoabout$5.5billionannually.CardissuershavesofarcalculatedthatabsorbingtheliabilityforevenbighacksliketheTargetoneisstillcheaperthanreplacingallthatplastic.[F]ThatleavesAmericanretailersprettymuchalonetheworldoverinrelyingonmagstripetechnologytochargepurchases—andleavesconsumersvulnerable.Eachmagstripehasthreetracksofinformation,explainspaymentssecurityexpertJeremyGumbley,thechieftechnologyofficerofCreditCall,anelectronic-paymentscompany.Thefirstandthirdareusedbythebankorcardissuer.Yourvitalaccountinformationlivesonthesecondtrack,whichhackerstrytocapture."Malwareisscanningthroughthememoryinrealtimeandlookingfordata,"hesays."Itcreatesatextfilethatgetsstolen."[G]Chip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossiblebecausetheinformationthatgetsscannedisencrypted（加密）.ThehistoricalreasontheU.S.hasstuckwithmagstripe,ironicallyenough,isoncesuperiortechnology.Ourcheap,ultra-reliablewirednetworksmadecredit-cardauthenticationoverthephonefrictionless.InFrance,cardcompaniescreatedEMVinpartbecausethetelephonemonopolywassomaddeninglyinefficientandexpensive.TheEMVsolutionallowedtransactionstobeverifiedlocallyandsecurely.[H]Somebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourmagstripecardtoachip-and-PINmodel.(It'sactuallyahybrid（混合体）thatwillstillhaveamagstripe,sincemostU.S.merchantsdon'thaveEMVterminals.)Shouldyoutakethemuponit?Ifyoutravelinternationally,theanswerisyes.[I]Keepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionthandebitcards.Ifsomeoneusesyourcreditcardfraudulently（欺诈性地）it'stheissuerormerchant,notyou,thattakesthehit.Debitcardshavedifferentliabilitylimitsdependingonthebankandtheeventssurroundinganyfraud."Ifit'savailable,thelogicalthingistogetachip-and-PINcardfromyourbank,"saysEricAdamowsky,aco-founderofCreditCardI."Iwouldusecreditcardsoverdebitcardsbecauseofliabilityissues."Cashstillworksprettywelltoo.[J]Retailersandbanksstandtobenefitfromthelowerfraudlevelsofchip-and-PINcardsbuthavebeenreluctantforyearstoinvestinthenewinfrastructure（基础设施）neededforthetechnology,especiallyifconsumersdon'thaveaccesstoit.It'sachicken-and-eggproblem;noonewantstospendthemoneyonupgradedpoint-of-salesystemsthatcanreadthechipcardsifshoppersaren'tcarryingthem--yetthere'slittlepointinconsumers'carryingthefancyplasticifstoresaren'tequippedtousethem.(AnearliereffortbyTargettomovetochipandPINnevergainedprogress.)AccordingtoGumbley,there'sa"you-firstmentality.Thelogjam（僵局）hastobebroken."[K]JPMorganChaseCEOJamieDimonrecentlyexpressedhiswillingnesstodoso,notingthatbanksandmerchantshavespentthepastdecadesuingeachotheroverinterchangefees—thepercentageofthetransactionpricetheykeep-ratherthandealwiththegrowinghackingproblem.Chaseoffersachip-enabledcardunderitsownbrandandseveralothersfortravel-relatedcompaniessuchasBritishAirwaysandRitz-Carlton.[L]TheTargetandNeimanhackshavealsochangedthecostcalculation:althoughretailershavebeenreluctanttospendthe$6.75billionthatCapgeminiconsultantsestimateitwilltaketoconvertalltheirregisterstobechip-and-PIN-compatible,thepotentialliabilitytheynowfaceisdramaticallygreater.Targethasbeenhitwithclassactionsfromhackedconsumers."It'stheultimatenightmare,"aretailexecutivefromawell-knownchainadmittedtoTIME.[M]Thecard-paymentcompaniesMasterCardandVisaarepushinghardforchange.Thetwofirmshavewarnedallpartiesinthetransactionchain--merchant,network,bank--thatiftheydon'tbecomeEMV-compliantbyOctober,thepartythatisleastcompliantwillbearthefraudrisk.[N]Inthemeantime,app-equippedsmartphonesanddigitalwallets--allofwhichcanuseEMVtechnology--arebeginningtomakeinroads（侵袭）oncardsandcash.PayPal,forinstance,istestinganappthatletsyouuseyourmobilephonetopayontheflyatlocalmerchants--withoutsurrenderinganycardinformationtothem.Andfurtherdowntheroadisbiometricauthentication,whichcouldbeencryptedwith,say,afingerprint.[O]Creditanddebitcards,though,aregoingtobewithusfortheforeseeablefuture,andsoarehackers,ifwestickwithmagstripetechnology."Itseemscrazytome,"saysGumbley,whoisEnglish,"thatacutting-edge-technologycountryisdependingona40-year-oldtechnology."That'swhyitmaybeuptoconsumerstomovetheneedleonchipandPIN.SaysRobertson:‘‘Whenyougettheconsumerintoapositionofworryandinconvenience,that'swheretherubberhitstheroad."注意:此部分试題請在答題卡2上作答。46.It'sbesttouseanEMVcardforinternationaltravel.47.Personalinformationoncreditanddebitcardsisincreasinglyvulnerabletohacking.48.TheFrenchcardcompaniesadoptedEMVtechnologypartlybecauseofinefficienttelephoneservice.49.WhilemanycountriesusethesmarterEMVcards,theU.S.stillclingstoitsoldmagstripetechnology.50.Attemptsarebeingmadetopreventhackersfromcarryingoutidentitytheft.51.Creditcardsaremuchsafertousethandebitcards.52.Bigbankshavebeenreluctanttoswitchtomoresecuretechnologybecauseofthehighercostsinvolved.53.Thepotentialliabilityforretailersusingmagstripeisfarmorecostlythanupgradingtheirregisters.54.TheuseofmagstripecardsbyAmericanretailersleavesconsumersexposedtotherisksoflosingaccountinformation.55.ConsumerswillbeadrivingforcebehindtheconversionfrommagstripetoEMVtechnology.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThereportfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticswasjustasgloomyasanticipated.UnemploymentinJanuaryjumpedtoa16-yearhighof7.6percent,as598000jobswereslashedfromUSpayrollsintheworstsingle-monthdeclinesinceDecember,1974.With1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths,thereisurgentdesiretoboosttheeconomyasquicklyaspossible.ButWashingtonwoulddowelltotakeadeepbreathbeforereactingtothegrimnumbers.

Collectively,werelyontheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatisticstoframeoursenseofreality.Theyareavitalpartofanarrayofdatathatweusetoassessifwe'redoingwellordoingbadly,andthatinturnshapesgovernmentpoliciesandcorporatebudgetsandpersonalspendingdecisions.Theproblemisthatthestatisticsaren'tanobjectivemeasureofreality;theyaresimplyabestapproximation.Directionally,theycapturethetrends,buttheideathatweknowpreciselyhowmanyareunemployedisamyth.Thatmakesfindingasolutionallthemoredifficult.

First,thereisthewaythedataisassembled.Theofficialunemploymentrateistheproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60000homes.Thereisanothersurvey,sometimesreferredtoasthe"payrollsurvey,"thatassesses400000businessesbasedontheirreportedpayrolls.Bothsurveyshaveproblems.Thepayrollsurveycaneasilydouble-countsomeone:ifyouareonepersonwithtwojobs,youshowupastwoworkers.Thepayrollsurveyalsodoesn'tcapturethenumberofself-employed,andsosayslittleabouthowmanypeoplearegeneratinganindependentincome.

Thehouseholdsurveyhasalargerproblem.Whenaskedstraightforwardly,peopletendtolieorshadethetruthwhenthesubjectissex,moneyoremployment.Ifyougetacallandareaskedifyou'reemployed,andyousayyes,you'reemployed.Ifyousayno,however,itmaysurpriseyoutolearnthatyouareonlyunemployedifyou'vebeenactivelylookingforworkinthepastfourweeks;otherwise,youare"marginallyattachedtothelaborforce"andnotactuallyunemployed.

Theurgetoquantifyisembeddedinoursociety.Buttheideathatstatisticianscanthencaptureanobjectiverealityisn'tjustimpossible.Italsoleadstoseriousmisjudgments.DemocratsandRepublicanscanandwilltakesidesonanumberofissues,butamorecrucialconcernisthatbotharebasingmajorpolicydecisionsonguesstimatesratherthanlookingatthevastwealthofrawdatawithacriticaleyeandanopenmind.注意:此部分试題請在答題卡2上作答。56.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A)TheUSeconomicsituationisgoingfrombadtoworse.

B)Washingtonistakingdrasticmeasurestoprovidemorejobs.

C)TheUSgovernmentisslashingmorejobsfromitspayrolls.

D)TherecenteconomiccrisishastakentheUSbysurprise.57.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatistics?

A)Theyformasolidbasisforpolicymaking.

B)Theyrepresentthecurrentsituation.

C)Theysignalfutureeconomictrends.

D)Theydonotfullyreflectthereality.58.Oneproblemwiththepayrollsurveyisthat________.

A)itdoesnotincludeallthebusinesses

B)itfailstocountintheself-employed

C)itmagnifiesthenumberofthejobless

D)itdoesnottreatallcompaniesequally59.Thehouseholdsurveycanbefaultyinthat________.

A)peopletendtoliewhentalkingonthephone

B)noteverybodyiswillingorreadytorespond

C)somepeoplewon'tprovidetruthfulinformation

D)thedefinitionofunemploymentistoobroad60.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorsuggeststhat________.

A)statisticiansimprovetheirdataassemblingmethods

B)decisionmakersviewthestatisticswithacriticaleye

C)politicianslistenmorebeforemakingpolicydecisions

D)DemocratsandRepublicanscooperateoncrucialissuesQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Atsomepointin,someone,probablyineitherAsiaorAfrica,madethedecisiontomovefromthecountrysidetothecity.Thisnamelesspersonpushedthehumanraceoverahistoricthreshold,foritwasinthatyearthatmankindbecame,forthefirsttimeinitshistory,apredominantlyurbanspecies.Itisatrendthatshowsnosignofslowing.Demographers(人口记录學家)reckonthatthree-quartersofhumanitycouldbecity-dwellingby2050,withmostoftheincreasecominginthefast-growingtownsofAsiaandAfrica.Migrantstocitiesareattractedbyplentifuljobs,accesstohospitalsandeducation,andtheabilitytoescapetheboredomofafarmer’sagriculturallife.Thosefactorsaremorethanenoughtomakeupforthesqualor(肮脏),diseaseandspectacularpovertythatthosesamemigrantsmustoftenatfirstendurewhentheybecomeurbandwellers.ItisthecitythatinspiresthelatestbookfromPeterSmith.Hismainthesisisthatthebuzzofurbanlife,andtheopportunitiesitoffersforco-operationandcollaboration,iswhatattractspeopletothecity,whichinturnmakescitiesintotheenginesofart,commerce,scienceandprogress.Thisishardlyrevolutionary,butitispresentedinacharmingformat.Mr.Smithhaswrittenabreezyguidebook,withaseriesofshortchaptersdedicatedtospecificaspectsofurbanity—parks,say,orthevariousschemesthathavebeenputforwardovertheyearsforbuildingtheperfectcity.Theresultisasortofhigh-quality,unusuallyrigorouscoffee-tablebook,designedtobedippedintoratherthanreadfrombeginningtoend.Inthechapteronskyscrapers,forexample,Mr.Smithtouchesonconstructionmethods,therevolutionaryinventionoftheautomaticlift,thepracticalitiesoflivingintheskyandthelikelihoodthat,ascitiesbecomemorecrowded,apartmentlivingwillbecomethenorm.Butthereisalsotimeforbriefdiversionsontobizarreground,suchasadiscussionoftheskyscraperindex(whichholdsthataboominskyscraperconstructionisafoolproofsignofanimminentrecession).Oneobviouscriticismisthatthepriceofbreadthisdepth;manyofMr.Smith’sessaysraiseasmanyquestionsastheyanswer.Althoughthatcanindeedbefrustrating,thisisprobablytheonlywaytotreatsograndatopic.Thecityisthebuildingblockofcivilisationandofalmosteverythingpeopledo;aguidebooktothecityisreally,therefore,aguidebooktohowalargeandever-growingchunkofhumanitychoosestolive.Mr.Smith’sbookservesasanexcellentintroductiontoavastsubject,andwillsuggestplentyoffurtherlinesofinquiry.61.Inwhatwayistheyearhistoric?A)Forthefirsttimeinhistory,urbanpeopleoutnumberedruralpeople.B)Aninfluentialfiguredecidedtomovefromthecountrysidetothecity.C)ItisinthisyearthaturbanisationmadeastartinAsiaandAfrica.D)ThepopulationincreaseincitiesreachedanewpeakinAsiaandAfrica.62.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouturbanisation?A)Itsimpactisnoteasytopredict.C)Itisamilestoneinhumanprogress.B)Itsprocesswillnotslowdown.D)Itaggravatesthesqualorofcities.63.HowdoestheauthorcommentonPeterSmith’snewbook?A)Itisbutanordinarycoffee-tablebook.B)Itisflavouredwithhumourousstories.C)Itservesasaguidetoartsandcommerce.D)Itiswritteninalivelyandinterestingstyle.64.Whatdoestheauthorsayinthechapteronskyscrapers?A)Theautomaticliftisindispensableinskyscrapers.B)Peopleenjoylivinginskyscraperswithaview.C)Skyscrapersareasuresignofacity’sprosperity.D)Recessioncloselyfollowsaskyscraperboom.65.WhatmaybeonecriticismofMr.Smith’sbook?A)Itdoesnotreallytouchonanythingserious.B)Itistoolongforpeopletoreadfromcovertocover.C)Itdoesnotdealwithanyaspectofcitylifeindepth.D)Itfailstoprovidesoundadvicetocitydwellers.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之壹。汉朝统治期间有诸多明显的成就。它最先向其他文化敞開大门,對外贸易兴旺。汉朝開拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗馬。各类艺术壹派繁华,涌現了诸多文學、历史、哲學巨著。公元l中国第壹部字典编撰完毕,收入9000個字,提供释义并列举不壹样的写法:英间,科技方面也获得了很大進步,发明了紙张、水钟、曰晷(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝历經4,但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭亡。注意:此部分试題請在答題卡2上作答。6月大學英語六级考试真題(三)答案与详解PartoneWriting参照范文DoingsmallthingsinagreatwayThroughouttheages,onlyafewpeoplecanclimbtheladderofsuccesstothetopandbeadmiredbytheworld.Whatmaysurpriseusisthatmostpeopleachievesuccessbydoingsmallthingsinagreatway.Justasthesayinggoes,“Ifyoucannotdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway.”Thatmeansonedoesnotnecessarilybecomeagreatman,buthecanstillbesuccessfulandwinrespectfromothersbydoingcommonworkinaperfectway.Actually,historyaboundswithexamplestoprovehissaying.ThelateCEOofApple,SteveJobs,isacaseinpoint.Hewassoaddictedtodetailsthathecouldnotstoppushinghisstafftopursueperfectionindesignandproduction.ItisduetohisfocusonsmallthingsthatApplehasmadegreatsuccessinthemobilefield,producingproductsthatarenotonlyinnovative,butalsosuperior.Ascollegestudents,weshouldkeepinmindthatitisofgreatnecessityforustoenhanceourselvesbydoingsmallthingsperfectly.Onlywhenallsmallthingsaddupcanmanyimpossibilitiesbemadepossible.PartIIIReadingComprehensionSectionA【文章来源】本文选自www.project—syndicate.org上的壹篇文章,標題為"TheRatingsRevolution"(《评价革命》)。【构造框图】【参照译文】旅游网站出現于20世纪90年代,當Expedia,Travelocity和其他假曰预订网站被推出時,游客通過點击鼠標就可以比较航班和酒店的价格。伴随信息不再被旅行社控制或隐藏在商业网络中,旅游业发生了彻底的变革.由于更大的透明度大幅度削減了旅行的价格。今天的旅游业正在經历壹場新的革命,這次的革命能变化服务质量。专注于酒店、餐馆、公寓和出租車的在线评价平台使游客們可以交流意見和体验,并且所有人都能看到這些信息。目前,不仅业内专业人士會對旅游服务业進行排名、分析及比较,那些接受服务的人,即游客也有了发言权。這就在服务的卖方和买方之间形成了壹种新的关系。顾客們總會用他們的实际体验来投票.他們目前可以給任何有愛好的人解释自已作出某种决定的原因。因此.在某些详细的方面.旅游业成為壹种愈加负责的行业,從而為旅游业改善服务质量发明了强有力的動力:虽然某些讀者也許并不在意有关柏林不友好的行李员或者休斯敦酒店裏壞掉的吹風机的飞短流長,但在线评价的真正力量不仅在于個别故事.更在于网站能聚合大量的评价:這种影响力再夸张也不為過:可以吸引到好评价的企业會迅速发展起来.由于新顾客會被好评价吸引過来,随即又會給出更多积极正面的评价:在线评价的影响力很大.诸多企业雇用网络声誉經理,以保证自已在网络上保持壹种好名声:【答案详解】36.【考點】動詞辨析題。C)【語法判断】该空格位于With引导的介詞短語中,由短語中的or和hidden可推知.所填詞也应是動詞過去分詞形式.表达被動:【語义判断】文章首句提到.游客可以在旅游网站上比较航班和酒店的价格.由此可知,信息都是公開透明的.而不是被某個旅行社所“掌控”,备选動詞中,controlled“控制”符合題意,故為答案。37.【考點】動詞辨析題。L)【語法判断】该空格位于動詞helped之後,名詞prices之前,据此判断应填入動詞原形,构成helpdosth.的构造。【語义判断】由第壹段首句可知,游客可以在旅游网站上比较航班和酒店的价格,也就是說,旅游网站可以协助游客选择报价更低的航班和酒店。結合备选项,slash“大幅度削減”符合題意。38.【考點】動詞辨析題。M)【語法判断】空格位于後置定語中,用来补充阐明在线评价平台波及的领域,故应填入目前分詞,且能与in构成固定搭配。【語义判断】备选動詞中,表达“波及”且能与in搭配的目前分詞只有specializing“专门從事”,故為答案:specializein為固定搭配,意為“专攻”。39.【考點】名詞辨析題。K)【語法判断】空格位于by引导的介詞短語裏,表达動作的实行者,由此推断应填入表达人或机构的名詞。【語义判断】备选名詞中,professionals“专业人士”符合題意,故為答案。备选项中,spectators“观众”虽然满足語法规定,但其含义与上下文不符,故排除。40.【考點】動詞辨析題。E)【語法判断】空格位于has之後,宾語anewrelationship之前,据此判断应填入過去分詞。【語义判断】由宾語anewrelationship可知,所填動詞应當表达“建立,构建”等意思。备选動詞中,forged“形成,缔造”符合題意,故為答案。41.【考點】形容詞辨析題。A)【語法判断】由空格前的aremuchmore可以推断应填入形容詞。【語义判断】結合後半句中的powerful和improveservice可知,空格处应填入表达积极意义的形容詞。备选形容詞中,符合规定的只有accountable“负有责任的”,故為答案。42.【考點】名詞辨析題。F)【語法判断】该空格位于形容詞powerful之後.動詞不定式toimprove之前,据此判断应填入名詞。【語义判断】根据上下文推断,在线评价這种方式對旅游业改善服务起到了增進作用。备选名詞中.符合该語境的只有incentives“刺激,動力”,故為答案:43.【考點】名詞辨析題。B)【語法判断】该空格位于名詞所有格之後,据此判断应填入名詞；【語义判断】备选名詞中,符合語境的是capacity“能力”.這裏表达网站能聚合大量的评价。44.【考點】動詞辨析題。H)【語法判断】该空格位于be動詞之後,可填入形容詞或者動詞的過去分詞。【語义判断】最终壹段第二、三句重要讲述好评价的重要作用,故空格所在句也应當是讲好评价的重要性。备选詞中.overstated“夸张,夸张”符合文意,故為答案。cannotbeoverstated意為“再夸张也不為過”。45.【考點】副詞辨析題。o)【語法判断】该空格位于動詞provide之前,并且虽然去掉该空格。也不會影响到句意.因此推断此处应填入副詞。【語义判断】由空格所在句中的goodreviews和morepositivefeedback可知,所填入的副詞应能体現出時间先後次序。备选副詞中.subsequently“随即,接著”符合文意,故為答案。SectionB【文章来源】本文為1月30曰TIME(《時代》)上的壹篇文章,標題為“PlasticSurgery”(《信用卡手术》）。【构造框图】【参照译文】信用卡手术壹张更好的信用卡可以抵挡更多黑客的袭击A)壹条窄窄的磁条是你的信用卡信息和那些壞家伙之间的唯壹障碍。而這些壞家伙壹直费尽心机想要突破這层障碍。這就是對立双方决定壹决雌雄的原因:(50)银行、执法和技术企业都努力与黑客作斗争,這些黑客在盗用顾客的账号、姓名、邮箱地址和其他关键的身份信息方面很有壹手。去年11月份以来发生的大多数黑客袭击中,塔吉特、尼曼·馬库斯和迈克尔斯三大零售的1亿多客户都受到了壹定程度的影响。B)(47)“刷卡”是关键詞:當你在商店裏购物的時候,你的信用卡越来越轻易受到袭击:在近来的几起事件當中,黑客通過将惡意软件秘密植入零售店的销售點結算登记系统·進而获取信用卡、借记卡或储值卡中的大量信息。黑客們随即會把這些数据卖給网络暗角的第二组犯罪团伙。很快之後,這些被窃取的数据就會出目前假的信用卡中,并用于网上购物。C)要处理這壹問題,只需多花2美元得到壹张发行的信用卡。這壹处理措施是壹项安全加固技术,广泛用于美国以外的国家；(49)當美国的信用卡還在使用40年之前的磁条技术来处理信用卡交易的時候.国外許多国家都在使用壹种运用芯片加密技术的信用卡·這种卡更智能。這种卡中嵌入了壹种芯片.再加上壹种客户個人识别码.就可以現場验证每壹笔交易。假如购置者結算時不能输入對的的個人识别码.那么這次交易就無法完毕:(网上购物也可以通過设置独立的交易码来完毕。)D)(52)為何各大银行没有采用這项更為安全的技术呢？邮寄新的信用卡時,需要考虑有关成本,信用卡行业简报《尼尔森汇报》的负责人大卫·罗伯逊說。“卡的成本,給信用卡加磁条,給卡编码并凸印账号和有效期限,尚有小信封,所有的這些加起来的成本就1美元了。’’目前,壹张芯片加個人识别码的卡大概要花费3美元,罗伯逊說道,由于芯片的价格高昂。(壹旦大的发卡行壹起更换卡片,芯片的成本就會降下来。)E)美国目前流通中的磁条信用卡和储值卡超過50亿张,我們可以用這個数字乘以3美元。那么,考虑壹下,世界上估计共有l24亿美元资金陷入信用卡诈骗當中,罗伯逊說。而這當中,44％出目前美国,美国的信用卡诈骗的金额每年高达55亿美元。目前,信用卡发卡行估计,虽然是承担塔吉特商店這样的大型黑客袭击案件的责任,也比换代所有的信用卡要实惠。F)(54)這使美国零售商几乎已成為世界上唯壹使用磁条技术收费的商家,而這也使美国消费者非常轻易受到侵害。每個磁条有三条记录信息的轨道,支付安全专家杰瑞米·冈布利解释道,他本人也是電子支付企业“信用卡支付企业”的技术總监。其中,第壹条和第三条轨道給银行或者信用卡发卡行使用。你的重要账户信息在第二条轨道上,這正是黑客努力去获取的信息。“惡意软件會实時扫描這些存储器以搜寻数据,”他說道,“這個软件能创立壹种被盗的文本文档。”G)相反,芯片加個人识别码信用卡能防止假冒卡片或提取信息,由于這种信用卡中會被搜寻到的信息已經加密。美国之因此坚持使用磁条技术,其历史原因非常挖苦,那就是由于這项技术曾經是美国的优势技术。我們的有线网络廉价、可信度高,這就使得電话信用卡验证畅通無阻。(48)在法国。信用卡企业之因此會发明芯片卡,部分原因在于電话垄断导致该過程低效得让人极度恼火,并且价格高昂。芯片卡這壹处理措施可以让交易验证地方化,并且愈加安全。H)某些大银行,例如美国富国银行,目前正积极為客户提供将磁条卡转换為芯片加密码卡的服务。(实际上,這是壹种混合卡,该卡仍然有磁条,由于大多数美国商家没有芯片卡终端。)你应當接受這种服务吗?(46)假如你要出国旅游的话,那么你就应當接受。I)(51)不過也要记住,相比借记卡,信用卡能提供更好的责任保护。假如有人运用欺诈性手段使用了你的信用卡,那么应當是发卡行或者商家承担损失,而不是你。而借记卡有不壹样的责任限额,取决于银行和欺诈事件的详细状况。“假如条件容許,按理应去发卡行换壹张芯片加密码的信用卡,信用卡圈内人网站的联合创始人埃裏克·阿达莫夫斯基說道。“由于责任問題,比起借记卡,我宁愿使用信用卡。”使用現金也是壹种很好的选择。J)零售商和银行很也許會是芯片加密码信用卡低欺诈率的受益者,然而数年来它們却壹直不愿為這项技术投资建设新的基础设施,尤其是在消费者無法使用的状况下。這就像是“鸡和蛋”的問題:假如消费者不使用芯片卡,那么就没有人乐意花钱升级能讀取這种芯片卡的销售點体系；不過假如商店没有可以使用那些信用卡的设备,消费者也不會去使用那些设计精致的信用卡。(先前塔吉特商場曾试图向芯片加密码信用卡的方向发展。但没有获得任何進展。)冈布利称,大家均有壹种壹你先的心理,必须打破這個僵局。”K)摩根大通總裁杰米·德曼近期表达乐意這样做,他提到,银行和商家在過去的拾年中壹直在互换费問題上互相指责——他們各自保留的交易价格比例——而没有处理越来越严重的黑客問題。摩根大通為消费者提供壹张自身品牌下的芯片信用卡,此外還為英国航空企业和丽嘉酒店此类旅行有关的企业提供了数种其他类型的信用卡。L)(53)塔吉特和尼曼发生的黑客事件也变化了成本计算:据凯捷企业的征询師估计,要想将它們所有的存储设备都转变為与芯片加密码的信用卡兼容的设备,大概需要67.5亿美元,虽然零售商不愿花這笔钱,不過它們目前面临的潜在债务却在急剧增長。塔吉特企业遭到了来自被黑客袭击的消费者的集体诉讼。“這是最糟糕的惡梦,”壹家著名连锁店的零售主管告诉《時代》周刊的记者。M)信用卡支付企业萬事达和维萨正大力推進换代進程。两家企业對交易链中包括商家、网络企业和银行在内的所有参与方都发出了警告,截至10月份,假如它們還不能做到与芯片信用卡兼容,那么透程最馒的壹方将承担欺诈風险。N)同步.安装對应程序的智能手机和数字钱包都可以使用芯片技术,這壹趋势給信用卡和現金带来了冲击。例如:贝宝正在测试—個应用程序,该程序运行時能让你运用手机在當地商家進行支付,而不用向商家提供信用卡的任何信息。更深入的发展趋势是生物特性身份认证,如使用指纹等進行加密。O)然而.在可预見的未来,信用卡和借记卡還會继续存在,而假如我們坚持使用磁条技术,黑客也會继续存在。“我简直难以想象,壹种拥有無数尖端技术的国家還在使用40年前的技术,”英国人冈布利說道。(55)這就是也許我們還是會依赖消费者来推進向芯片加密码方