陕西省榆林市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省榆林市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatruinedthepicnic?A.Thebadfood.B.Theterribleweather.C.Theroughmountainroad.2.WhatwillthespeakersprobablydoonSaturday?A.Borrowbooks.B.Visitachildren’spark.C.Attendabooksale.3.HowisSophiefeelingnow?A.Confused.B.Worried.C.Excited.4.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Customerandwaitress.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.5.Howmuchmoneywillthewomanpay?A.$6.B.$8.C.$10.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhydoesDanielAdamsmakethecall?A.Tocancelaflight.B.Tobookanairticket.C.Toconfirmareservation.7.WhatisDaniel’sflightlike?A.It’snotadirectone.B.Itchangestheflightnumber.C.Itdelaysitsdeparturetime.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheman’shouse.B.Inaclothingstore.C.Inadesigncompany.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherbusiness?A.Itfocusesonpersonalneeds.B.Itonlyprovidesformalclothing.C.Itattractsmainlyyoungcustomers.10.Whenwilltheweddingtakeplace?A.Inoneweek.B.Infourweeks.C.Inoneyear.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthemanhaveatoothacheaccordingtothewoman?A.Hehastakentoomuchhardfood.B.Heseldombrushedhisteethaftermeals.C.Hehaseatentoomanycandybars.12.Howmanytimesshouldthemantakethewhitepillseveryday?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.13.Whatisthewoman’slastsuggestion?A.Stoppingeatingcandy.B.Goingtoseeadoctor.C.Brushinghisteethcarefully.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhydidthemangotoNewYork?A.Fortravel.B.Onbusiness.C.Forhisresearch.15.Howdoesthemancollectthedataheneeds?A.Bysearchingonline.B.Bycarryingoutsurveys.C.Bymakingacall.16.Whatmakesmorepeoplebuygreenproducts?A.Price.B.Convenience.C.Environmentalconcerns.17.What’sthewoman’sattitudetogreenproducts?A.Supportive.B.Curious.C.Cautious.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidtheteammembersdobeforethematch?A.Theyshotsomepictures.B.Theygaveinterviews.C.Theygreetedeachother.19.Whyarethefansofthegoalkeeperupset?A.Hehasgothurt.B.Hehasmissedtheball.C.Hehasgoneagainstrules.20.WhatisthefinalscorebetweentheSharksUnitedandtheSpicyChickens?A.4:4.B.4:5.C.5:4.第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourBestZoosintheUKLondonZooEstablishedin1828,LondonZooistheoldestscientificzoointheworld.ItissituatedinRegent’sParkandishometoaround755differentanimalspecieswithabout16,802animals.Inadditiontobeingfamousforbeingtheoldestscientificzoo,it’salsotheveryfirstzootolaunchanAquarium,anInsectHouse,aChildren’sZooandaReptileHouse.Ticketpricesonline:Children£15andadults£21.Under3—freeentry.ColchesterZooThischarmingchild-friendlyzoohasmorethan155specieslocatedwithin60acresofwell-keptland.Ithasatleast50displayseveryday,plentyofhands-onexperienceopportunitiesand5playareas.Itremainsup-to-datebyexpandingcontinuouslyandchildrenareguaranteedtoenjoytheMadagascarexpressroadtrain.Ticketpricesonline:Children£14andadults£21.Under3—freeentry.WhipsnadeZooWhipsnadeZooistheUK’sbiggestzoosetinover600acresofbeautifulscenery.Itfirstopenedin1931andnowhouses227differentspeciesthatcompriseover10,000animals.Theremarkablefeatureofthiszooisthewanderingherdsofelephantsthatfreelymovearoundthezoogrounds,makingitawonderfulplacetotakeexcellentnaturalpicturestoshowofftofriendsandfamily.Ticketpricesonline:Children£18andadults£25.Under3—freeentry.BristolZooThis12-acrezoohousesmorethan450species.Moreover,ithasuseditsspaceresourcefullyforasmallzoo—probablyoneofthesmallestintheworld.Forexample,thelatestGorillaHouseisanaward-winningareawiththeworld’sfirstwalkableglassroof.Ticketpricesonline:Children£9andadults£14.Under2—noentryfee.1.Whichistheoldestscientificzoointheworld?A.ColchesterZoo. B.LondonZoo. C.WhipsnadeZoo. D.BristolZoo.2.Acouplewitha2-year-oldkidshouldpay______tovisitthelargestzoointheUK.A.£25 B.£43 C.£50 D.£633.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.PeoplecanvisittheInsectHouseinallofthefourzoos.B.Thereareatleast60displaysinColchesterZooeveryday.C.Kidswhoareunder3canvisitthefourbestzoosforfree.D.VisitorscantakepicturesonawalkableglassroofinBristolZoo.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国最好的四家动物园的特色和票价等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Establishedin1828,LondonZooistheoldestscientificzoointheworld.”（伦敦动物园成立于1828年，是世界上最古老的科学动物园。）可知，世界上最古老的科学动物园是伦敦动物园。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章“WhipsnadeZooistheUK’sbiggestzoosetinover600acresofbeautifulscenery.Ticketpricesonline:Children£18andadults£25.Under3—freeentry.”（惠普斯纳德动物园是英国最大的动物园，占地超过600英亩的美丽风景。在线门票价格：儿童18英镑，成人25英镑。3岁以下免费入场。）可知，一对带着2岁孩子的夫妇参观英国最大的动物园需要支付的费用是25英镑（成人）+25英镑（成人）=50英镑。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Forexample,thelatestGorillaHouseisanaward-winningareawiththeworld’sfirstwalkableglassroof.”（例如，最新的大猩猩馆是一个获奖区域，拥有世界上第一个可步行的玻璃屋顶。）可知，游客可以在布里斯托尔动物园的可行走玻璃屋顶上拍照。故选D。BManypeoplerecognizethenameofthegreatItalianartistLeonardodaVinci.FarfewhaveheardofAlbrechtDurer,knownbythosewithexpertiseinartasthe“LeonardooftheNorth”.Duringhisyouth,AlbrechtDurerapprenticed(当学徒工)withhisfather,whowasagoldsmith,andalsowithalocalpainter.Butheshowedaremarkabletalentforprintmaking,whichatthetimewasthemainmethodofillustratingbooks.Thisartforminvolvedcarvinganimageintoablockofwood,inkingthewoodandthenpressingitagainstpaperorcloth.Durer’sskillfulcarvingandprintingresultedinbeautifulprints.HisdecisiontobecomeaprintmakerratherthanagoldsmithdisappointedhisfatherbutbenefitedDurerthroughouthisadultlife.Fromtimetotime,deadlydiseasesbrokeoutinDurer’shometownofNuremburg,Germany.ThisdangerwasonereasonwhyDurerdecidedtoleaveNuremburgtwicetovisitItaly.HewasalsofascinatedbyItaly’sRenaissanceculture.Whilethere,heabsorbedItalianphilosophy,scienceandartistictechniques.HealsoservedastheofficialcourtartisttotwoHolyRomanEmperors.Durerwasextremelydiligentregardingthedetailsofhisartworkasevidencedinhisnaturepieces.TheseincludeYoungHare,whichcorrectlycapturestheenergyofalargehareevenwhileitissittingstill,andRhinoceros,whichwassocorrectthatitwasincludedinscientificdocumentsforyears.ThesameattentiontodetailscanbeseeninDurer’searlyself-portraits(自画像).Thefirstonethathemadeatageof13showsayoungboywithchildishfeatures.Asecondself-portraitthathemadeatage22displaysamorematureindividualwhohasagreatersenseofhimself.Inaself-portraitdoneatage26,heisafinelydressedgentleman,reflectinghisriseinstatuswithintheprintmakingcommunity.4.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Tosharearesearchfinding. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Topresentaseriousproblem. D.Toshowtheauthor’sexperience.5.WhatmadeDurer’sfatherdisappointed?A.Durer’sleavinghismotherland. B.Durer’srefusaltobeapainter.C.Durer’schoiceofprofession. D.Durer’sbadhealthcondition.6.WherecanDurer’sfocusondetailsbeseen?A.Inhisresearchinscientificdocuments. B.Inhissocialrelationshipwithotherpainters.C.Inhisrisingstatusinthefieldofdrawing. D.Inhisaccurateimageoflivingcreatures.7.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwereadthepassage?A.AmazingArt B.EngineeringandComputingC.NewsandEvents D.ScienceMatters〖答案〗4.B5.C6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家阿尔布雷希特·丢勒的个人经历以及画作特点。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ManypeoplerecognizethenameofthegreatItalianartistLeonardodaVinci.FarfewhaveheardofAlbrechtDurer,knownbythosewithexpertiseinartasthe“LeonardooftheNorth”.(许多人都知道伟大的意大利艺术家达·芬奇的名字。很少有人听说过阿尔布雷希特·丢勒，他被艺术专家称为“北方的列奥纳多”。)”可知，第一段的作用是引入一个话题。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“HisdecisiontobecomeaprintmakerratherthanagoldsmithdisappointedhisfatherbutbenefitedDurerthroughouthisadultlife.(他决定成为一名版画家而不是金匠，这让他的父亲失望，但却使他在整个成年生活中受益。)”可知，丢勒的职业选择让丢勒的父亲失望。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheseincludeYoungHare,whichcorrectlycapturestheenergyofalargehareevenwhileitissittingstill,andRhinoceros,whichwassocorrectthatitwasincludedinscientificdocumentsforyears.(其中包括“青年野兔”，它能准确地捕捉到一头大牛静止不动时的能量，还有“犀牛”，它的准确性如此之高，以至于多年来一直被收录在科学文献中。)”可知，对生物的准确描绘可以看出丢勒对细节的关注。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ManypeoplerecognizethenameofthegreatItalianartistLeonardodaVinci.FarfewhaveheardofAlbrechtDurer,knownbythosewithexpertiseinartasthe“LeonardooftheNorth”.(许多人都知道伟大的意大利艺术家达·芬奇的名字。很少有人听说过阿尔布雷希特·丢勒，他被艺术专家称为“北方的列奥纳多”。)”结合文章主要介绍了艺术家阿尔布雷希特·丢勒的个人经历以及画作特点。可知，我们可以在网站的“惊人的艺术”中阅读这篇文章。故选A。CAmajormeetingofcomputerhackers(黑客)plannedforthissummeristoincludeaneventthatwilltestthelimitsofartificialintelligence(AI)tools.Theevent,inAugust,willbeheldaspartoftheyearlyDEFCONhackermeetinginLasVegas,Nevada.Organizerssaythemeetingprovidesachanceforhackerstohearfromleadingindustryofficialsaboutthelatestdevelopmentsincomputersecurity.Italsoincludeshackingcompetitions.Thisyear,severalmajorAIdeveloperswilltakepartinDEFCON.AmongthemwillbeOpenAI,whichlauncheditslatestAImodel,ChatGPT-4,inMarch.RecentlyreleasedAItoolsarebuiltbyfeedinghugeamountsofinformationintomachinelearningcomputersystems.ThedatatrainstheAIsystemstodevelopcomplexskillsandproducehuman-likeresults.Expertshavewarnedthatsuchsystemsmaybringmajorchangestomanydifferentjobsandindustries.Itaffectseveryonefrommanagerstoworkerstohousewives.Theyalsofearthetools,knownas“chatbots”,couldgreatlyincreasetheamountofmisinformationinthenewsmediaandonsocialmedia.Chowdhury,anorganizerofthehackingevent,saystheresultsoftheeventcanprovidehelpfulinformationtocompanieslookingatwaystosafelyusethefast-developingAIsystems.Shenotesthatthehackers’workwillnotendafterthegathering.Theywillspendmonthsafterwardcreatingreportsontheirfindingsandidentifyingspecificsystemvulnerabilities(漏洞).JackClarkistheco-founderofAIdeveloperAnthropic.HesayshehopestheDEFCONeventwillleadtodeepercommitmentsfromAIdeveloperstomeasureandtestthesafetyoftheirsystems.Forthistohappen,though,AIsystemswillneedtobeexaminedbythirdpartiesbothbeforeandafterdeployment(部署).“Weneedtogetpracticeatfiguringouthowtodothis.Ithasn’treallybeendonebefore,”hesays.8.Hackerscanlearn______fromthismeeting.A.thelatestdevelopmentsincomputersecurityB.therulesofAItoolcompetitionsC.theapplicationofmodelChatGPT-4D.thefutureofhackersinthecomputerfield9.What’stheexperts’attitudetowardstheAIsystem?A.Uncaring. B.Favorable. C.Positive. D.Negative.10.WhatcanbeconcludedfromChowdhury’swords?A.ThereportsacceleratethedevelopmentofAI.B.AIsystemsneedtobeinspectedbythethirdparties.C.Theactivityofimprovingnetworksecuritywillnotstop.D.Thecurrentnetworksystemisapproachingperfection.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AIusersmusttestthesecurityoftheircomputersystems.B.AIdevelopersmayoverlooktheshortcomingsoftheirownproducts.C.AIsystemsdevelopcomplexskillsandproduceresultssimilartothoseofhumans.D.TheDEFCONeventwillencouragecompaniestodevelopnewproducts.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了即将举行的计算机黑客会议，其重点是测试人工智能工具的极限。会议将包括涉及人工智能如ChatGPT-4的安全性和潜在影响，组织者希望通过活动提供安全使用AI的信息，并强调AI系统需要第三方安全检查。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Organizerssaythemeetingprovidesachanceforhackerstohearfromleadingindustryofficialsaboutthelatestdevelopmentsincomputersecurity.(组织者说，这次会议为黑客们提供了一个机会，让他们从业界的领导那里了解到计算机安全的最新发展)”可知，黑客们能从这次会议中了解到计算机安全方面的最新发展。故选A项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Expertshavewarnedthatsuchsystemsmaybringmajorchangestomanydifferentjobsandindustries.Theyalsofearthetools,knownas“chatbots”,couldgreatlyincreasetheamountofmisinformationinthenewsmediaandonsocialmedia.”（专家警告说，这样的系统可能会对许多不同的工作和行业带来重大变化。他们还担心，被称为“聊天机器人”的工具可能会大大增加新闻媒体和社交媒体上的错误信息。）可知，专家对AI系统的态度是消极的。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Shenotesthatthehackers’workwillnotendafterthegathering.Theywillspendmonthsafterwardcreatingreportsontheirfindingsandidentifyingspecificsystemvulnerabilities(漏洞).(她指出，黑客的工作不会在会议结束后结束。之后，他们会花几个月的时间创建关于他们的发现和识别特定系统漏洞的报告。)”可知，Chowdhury指出黑客的工作仍将继续，会报告他们的发现和识别特定系统漏洞。由此可知，Chowdhury会同意“提高网络安全的行动不会停止”的观点。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“HesayshehopestheDEFCONeventwillleadtodeepercommitmentsfromAIdeveloperstomeasureandtestthesafetyoftheirsystems.Forthistohappen,though,AIsystemswillneedtobeexaminedbythirdpartiesbothbeforeandafterdeployment(部署).(他说，他希望DEFCON活动将促使人工智能开发人员做出更深入的承诺，以衡量和测试其系统的安全性。不过，要实现这一点，人工智能系统在部署之前和之后都需要由第三方进行检查。)”可推知，人工智能开发人员可能会忽视自己产品的缺点，因此其系统的安全性需要被三方检查和测试。故选B项。DOnelonggrayshipatthePortofLosAngelesisdoingitsparttocombatclimatechange.Ontheship,whichbelongstoCaptura,aLosAngeles-basedstartup,isasystemthattakesintoseawaterandsucksoutCO2,whichcanbeusedforvariouspurposesorburied.Thedecarbonated(不含二氧化碳的)seawaterisreturnedtotheocean,whereitabsorbsmoreCO2fromtheatmosphere,inasmallstrikeagainstthemassiveriseofthegreenhousegas.Afterayearlongexperiment,Capturaisplanningtoopena1000-ton-per-yearfacilitythatwillburythecapturedCO2inrockformationsundertheNorthSea.Equatic,anotherLosAngeles-basedstartup,islaunchinganevenlarger3650-ton-per-yearoceanCO2captureplantthisyearinSingapore.SupporterssaycapturingCO2fromtheoceanshouldbeeasierandcheaperthanaseeminglymoredirectapproach:extractingitdirectlyfromtheair.Directaircapture,whichreliesonfanstosweepairpastabsorbentchemicals,currentlycostsbetween$600to$1,000pertonofCO2removed,largelybecauseatmosphericCO2issothin,makinguplessthan0.05%oftheair.Earth’soceans,incontrast,holdthegasataconcentrationnearly150timeshigher,andabsorbroughly30%ofallCO2emissionseachyear.CompaniessaytheyshouldultimatelybeabletocaptureCO2at$100perton,orless.Oceancaptureadvocatesareseekinggovernmentsupport.IntheUS,directaircaptureplantsearna$180taxcreditpertonofremovedCO2,butOceaneffortscurrentlydon’tqualify.“Asimilartaxincentive(激励政策)forwater-basedCO2removalisabsolutelyneeded,”saysRubenBrands,CEOofEquatic.Evenifthetechnologytakesoff,itwillhavetoscaleupmassivelytomakeameaningcontributioninoffsettingglobalemissions.AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,by2050wewillneedtoremovesome5billiontonsofCO2everyyeartolimittheglobaltemperatureincreaseto1.5℃.Sofar,theoceancapturecompaniesarepullingoutonlythousandsoftons.MatthewEisaman,achiefscientistatCaptura,says,“Wehaveanenormouschallengeaheadofus.”12.Howdoestheauthorstartthepassage?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Byquotingasaying. D.Bymakingacomparision.13.WhatmakesextractingCO2fromtheoceaneasierandcheaper?A.CO2isnaturallymoreconcentratedinseawater. B.CO2inseawaterismoreabsorbent.C.CO2isstoredinsolidforminseawater. D.CO2intheoceanismorereadilyaccessible.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offsetting”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Breakingout. B.Findingout. C.Cancelingout. D.Turningout.15.Whichmaybethesuitabletitleofthepassage?A.TheImpactofClimateChangeonOceanB.UsingTechnologytoFightAgainstOceanPollutionC.CombiningOceanCO2CapturewithAirCaptureD.ExploringOceanicSolutionsforReducingCO2Emissions〖答案〗12.B13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了几家初创企业正在探索利用新技术从海洋中捕获并处理二氧化碳，以减少温室气体排放，对抗气候变化的创新做法。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“OnelonggrayshipatthePortofLosAngelesisdoingitsparttocombatclimatechange.Ontheship,whichbelongstoCaptura,aLosAngeles-basedstartup,isasystemthattakesintoseawaterandsucksoutCO2,whichcanbeusedforvariouspurposesorburied.Thedecarbonated(不含二氧化碳的)seawaterisreturnedtotheocean,whereitabsorbsmoreCO2fromtheatmosphere,inasmallstrikeagainstthemassiveriseofthegreenhousegas.(洛杉矶港的一艘灰色长船正在为应对气候变化尽自己的一份力量。这艘船属于位于洛杉矶的初创公司Captura，船上有一个系统，可以吸收海水并吸收二氧化碳，这些二氧化碳可以用于各种目的或被掩埋。脱碳的海水被送回海洋，在那里它从大气中吸收更多的二氧化碳，作为对温室气体大规模上升的一次小打击)”可知，作者通过举例子开始文章。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“SupporterssaycapturingCO2fromtheoceanshouldbeeasierandcheaperthanaseeminglymoredirectapproach:extractingitdirectlyfromtheair.Directaircapture,whichreliesonfanstosweepairpastabsorbentchemicals,currentlycostsbetween$600to$1,000pertonofCO2removed,largelybecauseatmosphericCO2issothin,makinguplessthan0.05%oftheair.Earth’soceans,incontrast,holdthegasataconcentrationnearly150timeshigher,andabsorbroughly30%ofallCO2emissionseachyear.(支持者说，从海洋中捕获二氧化碳应该比直接从空气中提取二氧化碳更容易、更便宜。直接空气捕集依靠风扇将空气扫过吸收性化学物质，目前每吨二氧化碳的捕集成本在600到1000美元之间，主要是因为大气中的二氧化碳非常稀薄，只占空气的0.05%。相比之下，地球上的海洋所含的二氧化碳浓度是地球的近150倍，每年吸收大约30%的二氧化碳排放)”可知，因为二氧化碳在海水中的浓度自然更高，所以从海洋中提取二氧化碳变得更容易、更便宜。故选A。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Evenifthetechnologytakesoff,itwillhavetoscaleupmassivelytomakeameaningcontributionin”以及后文“AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,by2050wewillneedtoremovesome5billiontonsofCO2everyyeartolimittheglobaltemperatureincreaseto1.5℃.Sofar,theoceancapturecompaniesarepullingoutonlythousandsoftons.(根据政府间气候变化专门委员会的数据，到2050年，我们将需要每年消除约50亿吨二氧化碳，以将全球气温上升限制在1.5℃以内。到目前为止，海洋捕集公司只捕获了数千吨)”可知，这项技术必须大规模扩大规模，才能在抵消全球排放方面做出有意义的贡献。故划线词意思是“抵消”。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“OnelonggrayshipatthePortofLosAngelesisdoingitsparttocombatclimatechange.Ontheship,whichbelongstoCaptura,aLosAngeles-basedstartup,isasystemthattakesintoseawaterandsucksoutCO2,whichcanbeusedforvariouspurposesorburied.Thedecarbonated(不含二氧化碳的)seawaterisreturnedtotheocean,whereitabsorbsmoreCO2fromtheatmosphere,inasmallstrikeagainstthemassiveriseofthegreenhousegas.(这艘船属于位于洛杉矶的初创公司Captura，船上有一个系统，可以吸收海水并吸出二氧化碳，这些二氧化碳可以用于各种目的或被掩埋。脱碳后的海水被送回海洋，在那里它从大气中吸收更多的二氧化碳，作为对温室气体大规模上升的一次小打击)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了几家初创企业正在探索利用海洋减少二氧化碳排放的解决方案，因此最适合的标题是D项“探索减少二氧化碳排放的海洋解决方案”。故选D。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Socialmediaplatformsarefilledwithindividualsproudlysharingtheirrapidmasteringofalanguage.___16___Thesecretliesinouraddictiontoinstantsatisfactionpromisedbysomelanguageapps.However,besidestheseapps,herearesomewaystohelpyoulearnanewlanguage:◆Beachild,watchcartoons___17___TheycanbefoundonYOUKU.Thesecartoonsareoftenmadeupofbasicphrasesandwordsthatonewouldlearnatbeginner’slevel.◆___18___Ifwatchingcartoonsisnotyourcupoftea,fearnot,forthereisthealternativeoflisteningtopodcasts(播客)andsongs.Notonlycanyoupickupphrasesandidioms,butyoucanalsodevelopyourappreciationfortheculture.◆LetthewordsflowTalkingtowaitstaffatnativerestaurantscanhelpwithyourlanguageskills.___19___Tellthemaboutyourday.Asyougrowmoreconfident,workuptoanativespeaker.◆AforeignstampAcommonlyoverlookedmethodistokeepapenpal.Throughtheexchangeofletters,younotonlygettopractiseyourwritingskillsbutcanalsogetafriend.___20___Nomatterwhichapproachyouchoose,it’simportanttorevisitthelanguageyouarelearningeveryday,evenifit’sjustfor15minutes.A.Turnthevolumeup.B.WheredotheyoftenpracticeoralEnglish?C.Neverstresstheminpronunciation.D.Toavoidtheriskofmakingmistakesinpublicyoucanstartbyspeakingtoyourpets.E.Overall,continuouspracticeiskeytounlockingthedoorofmastery.F.Oneofthemostcommonadviceforlanguagelearnersistowatchchildren’scartoons.G.Wheredoesthesecretlie?〖答案〗16.G17.F18.A19.D20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一些方法可以帮助你学习一门新语言。【16题详析】根据下文“Thesecretliesinouraddictiontoinstantsatisfactionpromisedbysomelanguageapps.”（秘密在于我们沉迷于一些语言应用程序所承诺的即时满足感。）可知，选项回答了上文“秘密是什么”。所以G选项“秘密是什么？”切题。故选G项。【17题详析】根据下文“TheycanbefoundonYOUKU.Thesecartoonsareoftenmadeupofbasicphrasesandwordsthatonewouldlearnatbeginner’slevel.”（可以在优酷上找到。这些漫画通常是由基本的短语和单词组成的，一个人会在初学者的水平上学习。）可知，选项承接下文说明看动画片有益于语言的学习。故F项“对于语言学习者来说，最常见的建议之一就是看儿童动画片。”切题。故选F项。【18题详析】根据下文“Ifwatchingcartoonsisnotyourcupoftea,fearnot,forthereisthealternativeoflisteningtopodcasts（播客）andsongs.”（如果你不喜欢看动画片，别担心，你还可以选择听播客和歌曲。）可知，本段主要告诉学习者可以用“听”的方法来学习语言。故A选项“把音量调大一点”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。【19题详析】根据上文“Talkingtowaitstaffatnativerestaurantscanhelpwithyourlanguageskills.”（在当地餐馆和服务员交谈有助于提高你的语言技能。）以及下文“Tellthemaboutyourday.”（告诉他们你的一天）可知，选项承上启下说明可以采取的措施来提高说的能力。pets呼应them。故D选项“为了避免在公共场合犯错，你可以从和你的宠物说话开始。”切题。故选D项。【20题详析】根据下文“Nomatterwhichapproachyouchoose,it’simportanttorevisitthelanguageyouarelearningeveryday,evenifit’sjustfor15minutes.”（无论你选择哪种方法，每天重新学习你正在学习的语言是很重要的，即使只有15分钟。）可知，选项总结上文承接下文说明的重要的要练习。故E选项“总而言之，持续的练习是打开精通之门的关键。”切题。故选E项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IntheheartofCalifornia’sBerkeleycommunity,one___21___facehasstoodasaguideofsafetyandkindnessfornearlytwentyyears.AliceKayTolberthassaidfarewell(告别)toher___22___asacrossingguardatthecrossroadsofKeoncrestDriveandRoseStreet.Herretirementhasdrawnanoutpouringofloveandgratitudefromthecommunityshe___23___tirelessly.Rainorshine,MissAlicefaithfullyguided___24___safelyacrossthebusystreets,___25___notasinglechildwasinjuredunderherwatchfuleye.___26___,herimpactstretchedbeyondmeresafetymeasures.MissAlice___27___acherishedfigureforherwarmth,positivity,anddevotiontothewell-beingofeverychildsheencountered.Onherfinalday,the___28___cametogetherinaheartwarmingdisplayofappreciation.Parentsandchildren,bothpastandpresent,gatheredwithballoonsandhandmadesignsto___29___MissAlice’sremarkableservice.Even___30___students,whohadn’tneededherassistanceforyears,returnedtoexpresstheirgratitudeandbidherfarewell.PenelopePiperSoto,ayoungstudent___31___byMissAlice’skindness,sharedmemoriesofhercrossingroads:“She’llalwayshigh-fivemeinthemorningwhenIwalktoschool,andalwayssayhello,andshealwayshasa___32___onherface.OncewhenIwaslittle,Iadmiredhernecklace,anditwas___33___pretty...andshegavemethegem(宝石)thatwasonthenecklace.”Suchmemorieshighlightthe___34___impactMissAlicehadonthelivesofthosesheencountereddaily.Hersmallactsof___35___,whetheracomfortingsmileorasharedstuff,leftanunforgettablemarkontheheartsofBerkeley’sresidents.21.A.usual B.similar C.familiar D.common22.A.solution B.post C.way D.test23.A.served B.produced C.cured D.grew24.A.drivers B.teachers C.parents D.children25.A.passing B.ensuring C.occupying D.pulling26.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Otherwise27.A.became B.defensed C.predicted D.revealed28.A.salesmen B.detectives C.community D.government29.A.boost B.celebrate C.resign D.contest30.A.smarter B.smaller C.younger D.older31.A.touched B.blamed C.damaged D.disturbed32.A.prejudice B.envy C.sympathy D.smile33.A.hardly B.really C.fortunately D.suddenly34.A.pessimistic B.logical C.significant D.complex35.A.carelessness B.happiness C.sadness D.kindness〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.C29.B30.D31.A32.D33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在加州伯克利社区，AliceKayTolbert作为交通指挥员近二十年，深受社区居民爱戴。她退休时，社区居民纷纷表达感激之情。她的善良和奉献对遇到的每个人产生了深远影响。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在加州伯克利社区的中心，近二十年来，一个熟悉的面孔一直是安全和善良的向导。A.usual通常的；B.similar相似的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.common共同的。根据后文“fornearlytwentyyears”可知，工作了二十年，是熟悉的面孔。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝·凯·托尔伯特告别了她在KeoncrestDrive和RoseStreet十字路口的交警职位。A.solution解决方案；B.post职位；C.way方法；D.test测试。根据后文“asacrossingguard”此处指交警职位。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的退休激起了她孜孜不倦服务的社区对她的爱和感激之情。A.served服务；B.produced产生；C.cured治愈；D.grew成长。根据上文“asacrossingguardatthecrossroadsofKeoncrestDriveandRoseStreet.”可知，她一直在这个社区服务，当交警。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论晴雨，爱丽丝小姐都忠实地引导孩子们安全地穿过繁忙的街道，确保在她的注视下没有一个孩子受伤。A.drivers司机；B.teachers老师；C.parents父母；D.children孩子。根据后文“notasinglechild”可知，爱丽丝小姐忠实地引导孩子们安全地穿过繁忙的街道，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论晴雨，爱丽丝小姐都忠实地引导孩子们安全地穿过繁忙的街道，确保在她的注视下没有一个孩子受伤。A.passing通过；B.ensuring确保；C.occupying占据；D.pulling拉。根据后文“notasinglechildwasinjuredunderherwatchfuleye”指爱丽丝确保没有孩子受伤。故选B。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的影响超出了单纯的安全措施。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover此外；C.However然而；D.Otherwise否则。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝小姐因为她的热情、积极和对她遇到的每一个孩子的幸福的奉献而成为一个受人珍视的人物。A.became成为；B.defensed防御；C.predicted预测；D.revealed揭露。根据后文“acherishedfigureforherwarmth,positivity,anddevotiontothewell-beingofeverychildsheencountered”可知，爱丽丝小姐因为她的热情、积极和对她遇到的每一个孩子的幸福的奉献而成为一个受人珍视的人物。故选A。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她上班的最后一天，整个社区都聚集在一起，表达了温暖人心的感激之情。A.salesmen推销员；B.detectives侦探；C.community社区；D.government政府。呼应上文“fromthecommunity”指她工作的社区人们都聚集在一起。故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去和现在的父母和孩子们带着气球和手工制作的标语聚集在一起，庆祝爱丽丝小姐的卓越服务。A.boost促进；B.celebrate庆祝；C.resign辞职；D.contest比赛。根据“MissAlice’sremarkableservice.”指父母和孩子们带着气球和手工制作的标语聚集在一起，庆祝爱丽丝小姐的卓越服务。故选B。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是多年不需要她帮助的高年级学生，也回来表达他们的感激之情，并向她告别。A.smarter更聪明的；B.smaller更小的；C.younger更年轻的；D.older年纪更大的。根据后文“whohadn’tneededherassistanceforyears,returnedtoexpresstheirgratitudeandbidherfarewell”可知，即使是多年不需要她帮助的高年级学生，也回来表达他们的感激之情，并向她告别。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩内洛普·派珀·索托是一名被爱丽丝小姐的善良感动的年轻学生，她分享了她过马路的回忆:“早上我去学校的时候，她总是和我击掌，总是和我打招呼，她脸上总是带着微笑。A.touched感动；B.blamed责备；C.damaged破坏；D.disturbed打扰。根据后文“byMissAlice’skindne