湖南省岳阳市湘阴县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省岳阳市湘阴县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASharon,Aged22Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhengoingintohighschoolistobeyourself.Besides,Idon’tknowwhatyourmiddleschoolwaslike,buthighschoolteacherswillnotcareaboutthingssuchashowmuchhomeworkyoualreadyhaveinonenight.It’sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneed.Frank,Aged21Ithinkalmosteverykidfeelsbothnervousandexcitedbeforetheirfirstday.Youwillprobablyloveit.IknowIdid.Youshouldjoininsomesportsoractivitiesthatwillmakeyourhighschoolexperiencemoreenjoyable.Goodluck！Eddie,Aged20WhenIstartedhighschoolIwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhome-schooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn’treallyknowanyone,Isupposethebestadvicewouldbetojustrelax.Thefirstcoupleofdayscanbealittlebithard,butthingswillbecomeeasierafteryouknowit.David,Aged19I’mnotgoingtolie.Thefirstdayiskindoffrightening.Butyou’llgetusedtoit.Don’tbeafraidofanyone;upperclassmenwillpickonyoumoreifyouletthemknowyou’reafraid.Justtakeiteasy.Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.Afterthefirstweekit’sreallynotbadatall.Don’tworry.1.WhatcanweinferfromSharonabouthighschool?A.Teachersarequitestrict.B.Studentsoftenstayupatnight.C.Teachersprovidelittlecareforstudents.D.Studentsshouldmakegooduseoftheirtime.2.HowdidEddiefeelonhisfirstdayofhighschool?A.Excited B.Bored. C.Worried. D.Relaxed.3.Whomentionstheimportanceoffriends?A.Frank. B.David. C.Sharon. D.Eddie.〖答案〗1.D2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要通过几个高中生的真实经历来讲述如何快速适应高中生活。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“It’sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.(最好是学会聪明地处理事情和管理你的时间，这样你就可以完成你需要做的一切。)”可知，Sharon认为学生们应该好好地利用自己的时间。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“WhenIstartedhighschoolIwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhome-schooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn’treallyknowanyone(当我刚进高中时，我也非常紧张，尤其是因为我整个初中都是在家里接受教育，我不认识任何人)”可知，Eddie刚进高中的时候感到很焦虑紧张。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第六句“Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.(交一些朋友，和他们呆在一起会大大帮助你很快适应高中生活。)”可知，David提到了朋友。故选B项。B“Creativityisthekeytoabrighterfuture,”sayeducationandbusinessexperts.Hereishowschoolsandparentscanencouragethisimportantskillinchildren.IfDickDrewhadlistenedtohisbossin1925,wemightnothavetheproductthatwenowthinkgreatlyimportant:anewtypeoftape.DrewworkedfortheMinnesotaMiningandManufacturingCompany.Atworkhedevelopedakindofmaterialstrongenoughtoholdthingstogether.Buthisbosstoldhimnottothinkmoreabouttheidea.Finally,usinghisowntime,Drewimprovedthetape,whichnowisusedeverywherebymanypeople.Andhisformercompanylearnedfromitsmistake.Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworkingtimejustthinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.Creativityisnotsomethingoneisjustbornwith,norisitnecessarilyacharacterofhighintelligence.Thefactthatapersonishighlyintelligentdoesnotmeanthatheusesitcreatively.Creativityisthematterofusingtheresourcesonehastoproducenewideasthataregoodforsomething.Unfortunately,schoolshavenottriedtoencouragecreativity.Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthedevelopmentofreading,writingandmathematicalskills,manyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.Theresultisthatchildrencangaininformationbutcan’trecognizewaystouseitinnewsituations.Theymayknowtherulescorrectlybuttheyareunabletousethemtoworkoutpracticalproblems.Itisimportanttogivechildrenchoices.Fromtheearliestage,childrenshouldbeallowedtomakedecisionsandunderstandtheirresults.Evenifit’schoosingbetweentwofooditemsforlunch,decision-makinghelpsthinkingskills.Aschildrengrowolder,parentsshouldtrytoletthemdecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.Thisisbecausethemostimportantcharacterofcreativepeopleisaverystrongdesiretofindawayoutoftrouble.4.WhatdidthecompanywhereDrewonceworkedlearnfromitsmistake?A.Itshouldencouragepeopletoworkalongertime.B.Peopleshouldbediscouragedtothinkfreely.C.Peoplewilldobetteriftheypayallattentiontotheirwork.D.Itisnecessaryforpeopletospendsomeoftheirworkingtimedevelopingnewideas.5.Whatcanweknowfromthepassageaboutcreativity?A.Itissomethingthatmostpeoplearebornwith.B.Itissomethingthathasnothingtodowithintelligenceatall.C.Itisawayofusingwhatonehaslearnedtoworkoutnewproblems.D.Itissomethingthatisnotimportanttothelifeinthefutureatall.6.Whydon’tschoolstrytoencouragecreativity?A.Theydon’tattachimportancetocreativityeducation.B.Theydon’twanttheirstudentstomakemistakes.C.Theypaynoattentiontoexaminationmarks.D.Theythinkitimpossibletodevelopcreativityinclass.7.Whatshouldtheparentsdowhentheirchildrendecidehowtospendtheirmoney?A.Allowthemtohaveatry.B.Trytohelpthemasmuchaspossible.C.Takenonoticeofwhatevertheydo.D.Orderthemtospendtheleastmoney.〖答案〗4.D5.C6.A7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文讲的是创造力是拥有一个更光明的未来的关键，它并非是人与生俱来的，需要后天的培养。不幸的是，学校对创造力的培养并不重视。学校和父母应该重视对创造力的培养。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Andhisformercompanylearnedfromitsmistake.Nowitencouragespeopletospend15percentoftheirworkingtimejustthinkingaboutanddevelopingnewideas.(他的前公司从错误中吸取了教训。现在，它鼓励人们把15%的工作时间花在思考和发展新想法上。)”可知，Drew的前公司从错误中吸取了教训，认为花时间思考和开发新的想法是很有必要的。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Creativityisthematterofusingtheresourcesonehastoproducenewideasthataregoodforsomething.(创造力是指利用所拥有的资源来产生对某事有益的新想法。)”可知，创造力是一种利用所学知识来解决新问题的方法。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Withstrongattentiontotestresultsandthedevelopmentofreading,writingandmathematicalskills,manyeducatorsgiveupcreativityforcorrectanswers.(随着对考试结果的高度关注以及阅读、写作和数学技能的发展，许多教育工作者放弃了寻找正确〖答案〗的创造力。)”可知，许多教育工作者并不重视创造力教育。故选A项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aschildrengrowolder,parentsshouldtrytoletthemdecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.(随着孩子年龄的增长，父母应该试着让他们决定如何利用时间或花钱。)”可知，父母应该试着让孩子自己决定如何利用他们的时间或花钱。故选A项。CNewresearchsuggeststhatevenasimpleexerciseprogrammighthelpolderpeoplewithlightmemoryproblems.Doctorshavelongadvisedpatientstodophysicalactivitytohelpkeeptheirbrainshealthy.ButtheU.S.government-supportedresearchmarksthelongeststudyofwhetherexercisemakesanydifferenceoncememorystartstodecline(衰退).Researchersfoundaround300inactiveolderadultswithmemorychangescalledmildcognitiveimpairment(MCI)(轻度认知障碍).Intheresearch,theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsandhalfofthemdidaerobic(有氧的)exercise,whiletherestdidstretchingandbalancemovementsthatraisedtheirheartratesalittle.Afterayear,testingofmentalactivityshowedneithergrouphadworsened,accordingtoleadresearcherLauraBakerofWakeForestUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Bycomparison,similarMCIpatientsinanotherlong-termstudyofbrainhealth-butwithoutexercise-experiencedcognitivedeclineoverayear.MariaCarrilloisthechiefscientificofficeroftheAlzheimer’sAssociation.Shesaidearlierresearchfoundregularphysicalactivityofanykindmayreducedamaginginflammation(炎症)andincreasebloodflowtothebrain.Sheaddedthatthenewstudyisespeciallyinterestingbecausethepandemic(流行的)beganhalfwaythroughthestudy.Thatmeantthestudyparticipantsbecamesociallyisolated.Socialisolationhaslongbeenknowntoincreasepeople’sriskofmemoryproblems.Itisadifficulttimefordementia(痴呆)research.Doctorsarenotsureaboutprescribing(开处方)ahigh-pricednewdrugcalledAduhelm.Thedrugissupposedtobethefirsttoslowtheprogressionofdementiabutitisnotyetclearifitreallyhelpspatients.Researchersreportedanotherdrugthatworkssimilarlyfailedinanimportantstudy.Thereisgrowingurgency(紧急)tofindwhetherexercisecanofferatleastsomeprotection.Bakerwillleadanevenlargerstudyofolderadultstoseeifaddingexercisetootherstepssuchasahealthydiet,braingamesandsocialactivitiescanreducetheriskofdementia.8.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Waystoslowtheagingprocess. B.EffectivemedicinesforelderswithMCI.C.Theinfluenceofexerciseonelders’memory. D.Thecausesofdecliningmemoryinolderadults.9.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?A.Thedietplan. B.Theexercisetype.C.Theprofessionalbackground D.Previousphysicalcondition.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph3referto?A.Theoutbreakofthepandemic. B.Thereductionofdamaginginflammation.C.Theincreaseinmemoryproblems. D.Socialisolation.11.WhatwillBakerdonextaccordingtothetext?A.FindouthowtolowerthepriceofAduhelm.B.Developanewdrugtohelppatientswithbraindiseases.C.Organizeawidevarietyofsocialactivitiesforolderpeople.D.Conductfurtherresearchonhowtoreducetheriskofdementia.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.D【语篇解读】这篇文章是一篇说明文，该研究表明即使是简单的运动计划也可能帮助有轻度记忆问题的老年人。这项研究是美国政府支持的，是迄今为止关于运动是否对已经开始衰退的记忆有影响的最长研究。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子“Newresearchsuggeststhatevenasimpleexerciseprogrammighthelpolderpeoplewithlightmemoryproblems.(新研究表明，即使是简单的运动计划也可能帮助有轻微记忆问题的老年人。)”可知，新的研究关注的是运动对老年人记忆的影响。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Intheresearch,theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsandhalfofthemdidaerobic(有氧的)exercise,whiletherestdidstretchingandbalancemovementsthatraisedtheirheartratesalittle.(在这项研究中，参与者被分成两组，其中一半人进行了有氧运动，而另一半人则进行了一些轻微提高心率的伸展和平衡运动。)”可知，两组在运动类型上有所不同。故选B项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。第三段中的“that”指代的是上文提到的“thepandemicbeganhalfwaythroughthestudy(疫情在研究进行到一半时开始了)”，即疫情的爆发。故选A项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Bakerwillleadanevenlargerstudyofolderadultstoseeifaddingexercisetootherstepssuchasahealthydiet,braingamesandsocialactivitiescanreducetheriskofdementia.(贝克将领导一项更大规模的针对老年人的研究，以查看是否通过增加运动以及其他措施，如健康饮食、大脑游戏和社交活动，可以降低患痴呆症的风险。)”可知，Baker将领导一个更大型的研究，以查看是否通过增加运动和其他步骤，如健康饮食、大脑游戏和社交活动，可以减少患痴呆症的风险。故选D项。DSurfingtheInternetforfunwillmakeyouabetteremployee,accordingtoanAustralianstudy.TheUniversityofMelbournestudyshowsthatpeoplewhousetheInternetfortheirownreasonsatworkareabout9percentmoreproductivethanthosewhodonot.StudyauthorBrentCokersaid,“SurfingtheInternetattimeshelpsincreaseanemployee’sattention.”“Peopleneedtorelaxforabittogetbacktheirattention,”Cokersaidontheuniversity’swebsite.“Havingashortbreak,suchasaquicksurfingoftheInternet,helpsthemindtorestitself,andasaresult,increasesproductivity,”hesaid.Accordingtothestudyof300workers,70percentofpeoplewhousetheInternetatworksurftheInternetfortheirownreasonsduringofficehours.Amongthemostpopularsurfingactivitiesaresearchingforinformationaboutproducts,readingonlinenews,playingonlinegamesandwatchingvideos.“Firmsspendalotofmoneyonsoftwaretoblocktheiremployeesfromwatchingvideos,usingsocialnetworkingsitesorshoppingonline,”saidCoker.“That’snotalwaysagoodidea.”However,CokersaidthestudylookedatpeoplewhosurfedtheInternetinmoderation(适度),orwereontheInternetforlessthan20percentoftheirtotaltimeintheoffice.“ThosewhospendtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetwillhavealowerproductivitythanthosewithout,”hesaid.12.WhatdoestheUniversityofMelbournestudymainlyshow?A.PeoplewhosurftheInternetaregoodemployees.B.NoteveryonesurfstheInternetforfunduringofficehours.C.SurfingtheInternetforfunduringofficehoursincreasesproductivity.D.TheInternetisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople’slife.13.WhatwouldBrentCokermostprobablyagreeaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Thelongeraperson’smindrests,thebetterattentionhewillhave.B.SurfingtheInternetisthebestwaytoincreaseproductivity.C.Workersshouldhavealongbreakduringofficehours.D.Workersshouldlettheirmindsrestnowandthen.14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasoneofthemostpopularsurfingactivities?A.Watchingvideos. B.Readingonlinenews.C.Readingonlinenovels. D.Playingonlinegames.15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.SpendingtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetreducesproductivity.B.ThosewhoneversurftheInternethavethelowestproductivity.C.Mostpeopledon’tsurftheInternetinmoderationduringofficehours.D.PeopleshouldspendaslittletimeaspossiblesurfingtheInternet.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚的一项研究，发现上网寻找乐趣会让你成为一个更好的员工。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“TheUniversityofMelbournestudyshowsthatpeoplewhousetheInternetfortheirownreasonsatworkareabout9percentmoreproductivethanthosewhodonot.”（墨尔本大学的这项研究表明，在工作中出于个人原因上网的人比不上网的人的工作效率高出9%左右）可知，墨尔本大学的研究主要表明在办公时间上网消遣可以提高员工的工作效率。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Havingashortbreak,suchasaquicksurfingoftheInternet,helpsthemindtorestitself,andasaresult,increasesproductivity”（短暂休息一下，比如快速浏览一下互联网，可以帮助大脑休息一下，从而提高工作效率）可知，BrentCoker认为工人们应该时不时地让他们的大脑休息一下，这样他们的工作效率才会提高。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Amongthemostpopularsurfingactivitiesaresearchingforinformationaboutproducts,readingonlinenews,playingonlinegamesandwatchingvideos.”（最受欢迎的上网活动包括搜索产品信息、阅读在线新闻、玩网络游戏和看视频。）可知，在文章中没有提到在线阅读小说是最受欢迎的上网活动之一。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后一句“ThosewhospendtoomuchtimesurfingtheInternetwillhavealowerproductivitythanthosewithout”（那些花太多时间上网的人的工作效率会比不上网的人低）可知,那些花太多时间上网会降低工作效率会低。故选A项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.___16___.However,inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrikepeopleandbuildingsandisverydangerous.Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.___17___.Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?Scientistssaythataperson’schancesofbeingstruckbylightningare1in600,000.___18___.Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm:·Stayawayfromanythingthatismetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.·Don’tstandnearthewindows.·Don’ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.·Neverusethephone.___19___.Ifyouarecaughtinathunderstormoutdoors:·___20___.Ifthere’snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.·Donotgounderatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.·Neveruseacellphone.A.Actually,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyearB.TrytogethomeassoonaspossibleC.Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon’ttakethemseriouslyD.GointoanearbybuildingorcarrightawayE.LightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityouF.ButitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightningG.Fortunately,youcanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules〖答案〗16.C17.A18.G19.E20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免遭受雷击的一些安全措施。【16题详析】根据上文“Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.”（在春季和夏季，雷暴是很常见的。）可知，空处与上文形成因果关系，既然经常会发生雷雨，人们可能不会认真对待这件事。C项：Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon’ttakethemseriously（因为它们经常发生，所以有些人不把它们当回事）符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】根据上文“Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.”（据报道，一个男人在树下打电话时被闪电击中。他立刻死了。你可能不知道，世界各地每时每刻都有近1800场雷暴发生。任何人。）可知，每年都会有人死于雷击。A项：Actually,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyear（事实上，每年都有很多人死于雷击）符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】根据上文“Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?”（那么在雷暴中你应该做什么呢？）可知，此处表示有应对的方法。G项：Fortunately,youcanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules（幸运的是，你可以通过遵循这些安全规则来减少这样的机会。）符合语境。故选G。【19题详析】根据上文“Neverusethephone.”（千万不要用电话。）可知，空处和“phone”有关。E项：Lightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityou（闪电可以穿过电话线打到你）符合语境。故选E。【20题详析】根据下文“Ifthere’snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.”（如果周围没有建筑，试着找一个低的地方待着）可知，下文提到了没有建筑的情况，由此推知空处应提到周围有建筑的情况。“building”是关键词。D项：Gointoanearbybuildingorcarrightaway（立即进入附近的建筑物或汽车）符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言知识运动(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Einsteinwasnotonlytheoutstandingscientistofthe20thcentury,butalsoagiftedandenthusiastic(满腔热忱的)musician.Heoncesaidthatifhehadn’tbeenascientist,hewouldhavebeena____21____.“Lifewithoutplayingmusicisunthinkableforme,”hesaid.“Igetmost____22____inlifeoutofmusic.”Einstein’smotherwasatalentedpianistwho____23____musictolifeinthefamilyhome.Einsteinbegantolearnthe____24____attheageofsix,however,heworkedharduntilhe____25____thejoysofMozart’ssonatas(奏鸣曲)attheageof13.Fromthat____26____on,althoughhehadnofurtherlessons,hisviolin____27____hiscompanion（伴侣）.WhenEinsteinmovedtoAarauinSwitzerlandin1895tocompletehisschooling,heseemedtohave____28____muchofhistimetomusic.Justbeforehis17thbirthday,Einsteinplayedatthemusic____29____intheschool,theexaminerreportedthat“astudentcalledEinsteinshoneinthe_____30_____feltperformanceofoneoftheBeethovensonatas”.Inadditiontohisgreat_____31_____inplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepianoand,_____32_____,lovedtoimprovise（即兴创作）.Inlatelife,Einstein’sreputation(声誉)asaphysicistoftenledto_____33_____toperformatbenefitconcerts,whichhegenerallyacceptedhappily.Probablythe_____34_____oftheviolinistEinsteinthatcomesnearesttothemarkcomesfromhisfriendJanosPlesch.whowrote“Therearemanymusicianswithmuch_____35_____skills,butnone,Ibelieve,whoeverplayedwithmoresincerityordeeperfeeling.”21.A.physician B.musician C.politician D.reporter22.A.joy B.money C.idea D.energy23.A.played B.sent C.create D.brought24.A.violin B.piano C.knowledge D.game25.A.loved B.tracked C.discovered D.confirmed26.A.location B.space C.access D.point27.A.turned B.remained C.appeared D.seemed28.A.devoted B.spent C.lost D.wasted29.A.performance B.presentation C.exhibition D.examination30.A.hardly B.deeply C.carelessly D.honestly31.A.skill B.patience C.care D.courage32.A.afterall B.inparticular C.atlarge D.byaccident33.A.contributions B.applications C.invitations D.prizes34.A.reaction B.destination C.summary D.instruction35.A.broader B.funnier C.wilder D.better〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.D27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述科学家爱因斯坦还是一名有天赋的音乐家，讲述他对音乐的热爱以及音乐技巧的高超。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他曾经说过，如果他不是一个科学家，他可能会成为一个音乐家。A.physician内科医生；B.musician音乐家；C.politician政治家；D.reporter记者。根据上文“Einsteinwasnotonlytheoutstandingscientistofthe20thcentury,butalsoagiftedandenthusiastic(满腔热忱的)musician.”可知，应该是音乐家，故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐是我生活中最大的乐趣。A.joy乐趣；B.money钱；C.idea想法；D.energy精力。根据上文“Lifewithoutplayingmusicisunthinkableforme”，可推断音乐是我生活中最大的乐趣。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱因斯坦的母亲是一位才华横溢的钢琴家，她把音乐带给了家庭生活。A.played演奏；B.sent派遣；C.create创造；D.brought带来。根据上文“Einstein’smotherwasatalentedpianist”，可知是爱因斯坦的母亲把音乐带到了家庭生活中，故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱因斯坦在六岁时开始学习小提琴，然而，他努力学习，直到他在13岁的时候发现莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣。A.violin小提琴；B.piano钢琴；C.knowledge知识；D.game游戏。根据下文“althoughhehadnofurtherlessons,hisviolin________hiscompanion（伴侣）.”可知，本句中应是小提琴，故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.loved热爱；B.tracked跟踪；C.discovered发现；D.confirmed确认。同前文中音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣相呼应，所以发现乐趣符合语境，故选C。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，尽管他没有再上小提琴课，但他的小提琴一直陪伴着他。A.location位置；B.space空间；C.access入口；D.point时刻。根据上文“untilhe________thejoysofMozart’ssonatas(奏鸣曲)attheageof13.”，可知是从那个时刻起，小提琴一直陪伴他，故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.turned变成；B.remained保持；C.appeared出现；D.seemed似乎。根据上文“althoughhehadnofurtherlessons”，可知上下文是转折关系，所以是他的小提琴一直陪伴着他。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1895年，爱因斯坦搬到瑞士阿劳完成学业，他似乎在音乐上投入了大量时间。A.devoted投入；B.spent花费；C.lost失去；D.wasted浪费。根据下文“muchofhistimetomusic”，可知是投入大量的时间，并且devote…to，意为“贡献给……”，根据语意，故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在他17岁生日之前，爱因斯坦在学校的音乐考试中演奏，考官报告说，“一个叫爱因斯坦的学生在演奏贝多芬奏鸣曲时表现得非常出色。”A.performance表演；B.presentation介绍；C.exhibition展览；D.examination考试。根据下文的“theexaminer”，可知应该是音乐考试，故选D。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.hardly几乎不；B.deeply深刻地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.honestly诚实地。根据下文的“Inadditiontohisgreat________inplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepiano”，可知是表演的非常出色，是给人深刻印象地表演，更符合语境，故选B。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了小提琴的高超技巧外，他还弹钢琴，尤其喜欢即兴创作。A.skill技巧；B.patience耐心；C.care关心；D.courage勇气。根据下文“healsoplayedthepianoand,________,lovedtoimprovise（即兴创作）.”，可知本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧，故选A。【32题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：同上。A.afterall毕竟；B.inparticular尤其；C.atlarge一般说来；D.byaccident偶然地。根据上文“Inadditiontohisgreat________inplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepiano”，可知是赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧，“尤其”更符合语境，故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在晚年，爱因斯坦作为物理学家的声誉经常使他受邀在慈善音乐会表演，他通常很高兴地接受了邀请。A.contributions贡献；B.applications申请；C.invitations邀请；D.prizes奖品。根据下文“performatbenefitconcerts”，可知是受邀请去演奏，故选C。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许最接近爱因斯坦的总结来自他的朋友JanosPlesch，他写道：“有很多音乐家的技巧比他好得多，但我相信，没有一个人的演奏比他更真诚或更有感情。”A.reaction反应；B.destination目的地；C.summary总结；D.instruction说明。根据下文“Therearemanymusicianswithmuch________skills,butnone,Ibelieve,whoeverplayedwithmoresincerityordeeperfeeling.”，可知是对爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱的总结，故选C。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.broader较广泛的；B.funnier更滑稽的；C.wilder更狂热的；D.better更好的。本句中是爱因斯坦和其他音乐家技巧的比较，并且前后转折关系，所以应该是更好的，故选D。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheAmazonrainforest,thelargestrainforestintheworld,playsa___36___(significance)roleinmaintainingthebalanceoftheEarth’secosystem.Itcrossesintoeightcountries,___37___(include)BrazilandPeru.Withanareaofabout6millionsquarekilometres,___38___rainforestismorethanhalfthesizeofChina.Morethan40,000speciesofplantscan___39___(find)intheAmazon.Theforest’sdifferentlevelsprovidefoodandshelterforanunbelievable___40___(vary)ofwildlife.Morethan1,300speciesofbirdsandover400speciesof___41___(mammal)hideinthejungle.TheAmazonrainforestbreatheslifeintotheplanetby___42___(fix)carbonandproducingover20percentofalltheEarth’soxygen.Thisis___43___itisknownasthe“lungsoftheplanet”.Moreover,therainforestisatreasurehouseofspeciesthatcanbeusedforfoodormedicine.___44___,overthepast50years,about17percentoftherainforest____45____(disappear)duetohumanactivitiessuchasagricultureandcattlefarming.〖答案〗36.significant37.including38.the39.befound40.variety41.mammals42.fixing43.why44.However45.hasdisappeared【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚马逊雨林是全球最大雨林，对生态平衡至关重要，拥有丰富的生物多样性，被称为“地球之肺”，同时也是药物和食物的重要来源。但由于人类活动，如农业和畜牧业，已有大量雨林消失。【36题详析】考查形容词。句意：亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的雨林，在维持地球生态系统的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。空处是修饰role的定语，significance的形容词形式significant符合题意，意为“重要的”。故填significant。【37题详析】考查介词。句意：它横跨八个国家，包括巴西和秘鲁。句子主干成分完整，结合空后名词短语“BrazilandPeru”可知，此处指“包括巴西和秘鲁”，空处应用介词including，意为“包括”。故填including。【38题详析】考查冠词。句意：雨林面积约为600万平方公里，面积超过中国的一半。空处表示特指，指上文提到的TheAmazonrainforest，应用定冠词the。故填the。【39题详析】考查动词语态。句意：在亚马逊可以找到4万多种植物。空处和can构成句子的谓语，find“发现，找到”和主语Morethan40,000speciesofplants之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填befound。【40题详析】考查名词。句意：森林的不同层次为种类繁多的野生动物提供了食物和庇护所。空处被anunbelievable修饰，应用名词variety“种类，品种”，固定短语avarietyof意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。【41题详析】考查名词复数。句意：1300多种鸟类和400多种哺乳动物隐藏在丛林中。空处作of的宾语，根据“400speciesof”可知，mammal“哺乳动物”应用复数形式。故填mammals。【42题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：亚马逊雨林通过固定碳和生产超过20%的地球氧气，为地球呼吸生命。空处作by的宾语，应用fix“固定”的动名词形式。故填fixing。【43题详析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么它被称为“地球之肺”。空处引导名词性从句作表语，结合上一句内容可知，从句中缺少原因状语，空处需表达“为什么，为何”，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填why。【44题详析】考查副词。句意：然而，在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约17%的雨林已经消失。上文强调雨林的重要性，下文指出很多雨林已经消失，上下文语义构成转折，且空后有逗号，因此空处应用意为“然而”的副词however连接上下文，且句首单词的首字母需大写。故填However。【45题详析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约17%的雨林已经消失。空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为overthepast50years，时态应用现在完成时，about17percentoftherainforest作主语，therainforest为单数，助动词用has。故填hasdisappeared。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假设你是李华，上周六你校学生会举办了“走进社区，服务大家”的公益活动，请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：1.活动过程。2.你的收获与感悟。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答；3.题文为：Students’VoluntaryworkinaCommunity；4.公益活动Sociallyusefulactivity.Publicbenefitactivities.社区Community.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________〖答案〗Students’VoluntaryworkinaCommunityLastSaturdaywitnessedavoluntaryactivityorganizedbytheStudents’unioninthenearbycommunitythemedat“Stepintothecommunityserve.”,whichwaswellreceivedbytheneighborhood.Theeventwasfilledwithmeaningfulactivities,andthevoluntaryworkstartedfromnineo'clock,lastingforthreehours.UponourarrivalatthelocalcommunityCenter,webegantoconductdifferenttasks,notonlydidwecleanpublicspaces,butalsoweassistedtheelderwiththeirdailytasks.Additionally,weorganizedahealthyawarenesscampaign,educatingresidentsonhealthylivinghabits.Allthestudentsinvolvedparticipatedwithgreatenthusiasm.Ideeplyrealizedthesignificanceofcommunityengagementandthefufillmentvoluntaryworksbrings.第二节读后