GRE基础班阅读主讲

GRE基础班阅读主讲Retrospect句子主干是？

主语和宾语都是什么词性？连词后面是？2Retrospect主线任务——确定句子主干确定主语A确定谓语：不及物动词_________；及物动词，__________；系动词，_________支线任务——出现从句连词时根据_______判断从句类型确定从句的_____________3下午的主要内容是Thefootballplayerisawesome.TheyoungArgentinafootballplayerisawesome.TheyoungArgentinafootballplayerwhoisoftenmockedbecauseofhisheightisawesome.

(whoisoftenmockedbecauseofhisheight)在theyoungArgentinafootballplayer后面形容这个名词4形容词性从句——例句Thoseofuswhomadeabetonthefootballteamweredisappointed.(whomadeabetonthefootballteam)在thoseofus后面形容这个名词∴Thoseofus(who…)weredisappointed.5形容词性从句——例句2.Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits.Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproduces=AAisnotanewgeneralization(thattranscendsestablishedlimits)在anewgeneralization后面形容这个名词∴Aisnotanewgeneralization(that…).6形容词性从句——例句找出这句话中的形容词性从句，以及其形容的名词：Thephysicistrightlydreadspreciseargument,sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged,whereasanargumentthatisconvincingthoughimprecisemaywellbestableundersmallperturbationsofitsunderlyingassumptions.anargument(thatisconvincingonlyifitisprecise)theassumption(onwhichitisbased)anargument(thatisconvincingthoughimprecise)7形容词性从句——练习找出下列句子的形容词性从句、从句形容的名词，以及句子主句：4.Theideaofanautonomousdisciplinewhichiscalled“philosophy”,whichsitsinjudgmentonsuchpursuitsastheologyandscienceturnsout,oncloseexamination,tobeofquiterecentorigin.84.Theideaofanautonomousdisciplinewhichiscalled“philosophy”，whichsitsinjudgmentonsuchpursuitsastheologyandscienceturnsout,oncloseexamination,tobeofquiterecentorigin.Theideaofanautonomousdiscipline(whichiscalledphilosophy)在autonomousdiscipline后面形容这个名词(whichsitsinjudgmentonsuchpursuitsastheologyandscience)在

autonomousdiscipline后面形容这个名词∴Theideaofanautonomousdiscipline(which…)（which...）turnsouttobeofquiterecentorigin.92.ThoseofuswhohopedthatKolb’snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust’scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.Thoseofus=A(whohopedB)在thoseofus后面形容这个名词

B=[thatKolb’snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust’scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetail]∴Thoseofus(who[that…])aredisappointed.106.Although

thesemoleculesallowradiationatvisiblewavelengths,wheremostoftheenergyofsunlightisconcentrated,topassthrough,theyabsorbsomeofthelonger-wavelength.AlthoughX,YThesemolecules=AAallowBtodosth.B=radiationatvisiblewavelengths(wheremostoftheenergyofsunlightisconcentrated)在visiblewavelengths后面形容这个名词∴AlthoughAallowB(where…)topassthrough,Aabsorbsomeofthelonger-wavelength.11What

highlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnot

anewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,but

ratheranaestheticparticular.(Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproduces)=AAisnotanewgeneralization(thattranscendsestablishedlimits)在anewgeneralization后面形容这个名词but平行结构∴Aisnotanewgeneralization,butratheranaestheticparticular.123.Allthiswasunifiedbybeingsubjectedtothesamekindofreligiousscrutiny,whoseimpactvariedgreatlywhichisalmostnonexistentinsomefields,andwhichinothersoriginatesnovelinstitutions.AllthisAwasunifiedbyBB=beingsubjecttothesamekindofreligiousscrutiny(whoseimpactvariedgreatly)在religiousscrutiny后面形容这个名词(whichisalmostnonexistentinsomefields,andwhichinothersoriginatesnovelinstitutions)在whoseimpact后面形容这个名词135.Islamiclawistheresultofanexamination,fromareligiousangle,oflegalsubjectmatterthatwasfarfromuniform,whichcomprisedasitdidthevariouscomponentsofthelawsofpre-IslamicArabiaandnumerouslegalelementswhichweretakenoverfromthenon-Arabpeoplesoftheconqueredterritories.Islamiclaw=AAistheresultofBB=anexaminationoflegalsubjectmatter(thatwasfarfromuniform)形容legalsubjectmatter(whichcomprisedasitdidthevariouscomponentsofthelawsofpre-IslamicArabiaandnumerouslegalelements)形容legalsubjectmatter

[whichweretakenoverfromthenon-Arabpeoplesoftheconqueredterritories]形容numerouslegalelements∴AistheresultofB(that…)(which…[which…]).14形容词性从句——真题Specializedcellscalledheterocystsareproducedwhichlackchlorophyll(necessaryforphotosynthesis)but

whichcanfixnitrogenbyconvertingnitrogengasintoausableform.

Specializedcellscalledheterocysts=AAareproduced(whichlackchlorophyllbutwhichcanfixnitrogenbyconvertingnitrogengasintoausableform)在specializedcells后面形容这个名词

15Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowinginferencesaboutheterocysts?

(A)Heterocystsdonotproduceoxygen.(B)Nitrogengasinactivatesheterocysts.(C)Chlorophyllincreasestheproductivityofheterocysts.(D)Heterocystscanproducenitrogen(E)Heterocystscanphotosynthesize.

163.Thispreferenceforexogamy,Gutmansuggests,mayhavederivedfromWestAfricanrulesthatgovernmarriage,which,thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother,allinvolvedsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin.Thispreferenceforexogamy=AAmayhavederivedfromBB=WestAfricanrules(thatgovernmarriage)形容rules(which，thoughX,Y)形容rulesX=theydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanotherY=allinvolvedsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin17Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueoftheWestAfricanrulesgoverningmarriagementionedinlinesEXCEPT:

(A)Theruleswerederivedfromrulesgoverningfictivekinshiparrangements.(B)Therulesforbademarriagesbetweenclosekin.(C)TherulesarementionedinHerbertGutman’sstudy.(D)TheruleswerenotuniforminallrespectsfromoneWestAfricantribetoanother.(E)Theruleshavebeenconsideredtobeapossiblesourceofslaves’marriagepreferences.

182.Intheearly1950’s,historianswhostudiedpreindustrialEurope(whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiodfromroughly1300to1800)began,forthefirsttimeinlargenumbers,toinvestigatemoreofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulationthanthe2or3percentwhocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite:thekings,generals,judges,nobles,bishops,andlocalmagnateswhohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks.(whostudiedpreindustrialEurope)形容historiansHistorians(who…)begantoinvestigateBB=moreofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulationthanthe2or3percent(whocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite)形容the2or3percent192.Intheearly1950’s,historianswhostudiedpreindustrialEurope(whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiodfromroughly1300to1800)began,forthefirsttimeinlargenumbers,toinvestigatemoreofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulationthanthe2or3percentwhocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite:thekings,generals,judges,nobles,bishops,andlocalmagnateswhohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks.(whohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks)形容k,g,j,n,b,andlm∴Historians(who…)begantoinvestigateB(moreofXthanY[who…{who…}]).20Theauthorsuggeststhat,beforetheearly1950’s,mosthistorianswhostudiedpreindustrialEuropedidwhichofthefollowing?

(A)FailedtomakedistinctionsamongmembersofthepreindustrialEuropeanpoliticalandsocialelite.(B)InaccuratelyestimatedtheinfluenceofthepreindustrialEuropeanpoliticalandsocialelite.(C)ConfinedtheirworktoanarrowrangeofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulation.

21Bonus：形容词性从句的“最简形式”1.形容词性从句中的动词是非be动词，whichdosth.，则最简形式为doing

sth：Thenewmethodwhichcontradictswiththeexistingsystemmustbeabandoned.=Thenewmethod,contradictingwiththeexistingsystem,mustbeabandoned.

22Bonus：形容词性从句的“最简形式”2.形容词性从句中的动词是be动词,which+be+adj/过去分词，则次简形式为being+adj/过去分词,最简形式为adj/过去分词：Theoldmethodwhichisinapplicableinnewsituationsmustbeabandoned.=Theoldmethod,being

inapplicableinnewsituations,mustbeabandoned.=Theoldmethod,inapplicableinnewsituations,mustbeabandoned.23Bonus：形容词性从句的“最简形式”Theoldmethodwhichwas

abandonedimmediatelyisquicklyforgotten.=Theoldmethodbeingabandonedimmediatelyisquicklyforgotten=Theoldmethodabandonedimmediatelyisquicklyforgotten24形容词性从句的“最简形式”——练习找出句子中从句简化后的adj/现在分词/过去分词，并还原成完整从句：Allthiswasunifiedbybeingsubjectedtothesamekindofreligiousscrutiny,whoseimpactvariedgreatly,beingalmostnonexistentinsomefields,andinothersoriginatingnovelinstitutions.(beingalmostnonexistentinsomefields)形容impact=(whichisalmostnonexistent…)

(inothersoriginatingnovelinstitutions)形容impact=(whichoriginatesnovelinstitutionsinothers)

25形容词性从句的“最简形式”——练习2.Theideaofanautonomousdisciplinecal