初升高英语无忧衔接及新课预习（全国）衔接点06 动词时态（将来时和过去时）（解析版）

衔接点06动词时态（将来时和过去时）（初高考点差异及衔接）初中要求学习一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时等时态的构成和用法，掌握了这些时态的使用范围。高中要求熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法,另外还应特别注意以下几点:把握各种时态的特点,注意易混淆时态间的差异;准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义,捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息;要克服汉语式的思维,排除误导,培养发散性思维。【初中将来时和过去时考点聚焦】考点1.一般将来时1.—What’syourplanforthecomingMayDayholiday?—IaboattripintheYangtzeRiverwithmyparents.

A.willtake B.tookC.take D.wastaking答案A考查一般将来时。根据问句可知是在询问将来的计划，答句应用一般将来时。故选A。2.Thecompanyannounceditonethirdofitsbookstoresthenextyearasmorepeoplechosetoreade⁃books.

A.willclose B.wouldcloseC.willopen D.wouldopen答案B考查过去将来时。根据句意可知，公司要关闭三分之一的书店，所以排除C、D两项。本句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，主句为一般过去时，从句应用与过去相关的时态，故选B。考点2.一般过去时1.—Cananyonegivemeanexampleofaneventinthepast?—Ican..

A.ShenzhouXVIwillcomeback.B.QuanHongchanwonthegoldmedal.C.IamtakingtheEnglishexam.D.Myclassmateisgoingtowatchafilm.答案B考查一般过去时。由“Cananyonegivemeanexampleofaneventinthepast?”可知，设空处所描述的事情应发生在过去，时态应为一般过去时。故选B。2.—MissHu，Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.—Yes.IasavolunteernurseinShanghaiforamonth.Icamebackyesterday.

A.worked B.amworkingC.haveworked D.work答案A考查一般过去时。根据“Icamebackyesterday.”可知，这里作为志愿者护士的动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。故选A。考点3.过去进行时1.—Andy，whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterdayafternoon?—IthefilmTheBattleatLakeChangjinwithmysister.

A.watch B.watchedC.waswatching D.amwatching答案C考查过去进行时。由时间状语atthistimeyesterdayafternoon可知此处描述昨天下午某一时刻正在做的事，应该使用过去进行时。过去进行时的构成:was/were+doing。故选C。2.—Whatdoyouthinkofthesizeofthestoragebox?—Sorry，butwhatdidyousay?Iaboutsomethingelse.

A.think B.thoughtC.amthinking D.wasthinking答案D考查过去进行时。根据“butwhatdidyousay”可知，是询问对方刚才说了什么，因此刚才对方在说话时，“我”正在想别的事，应用过去进行时，故选D。【高中将来时和过去时考点聚焦】考纲解读动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点,考生应熟记各种时态的基本概念并掌握其用法,另外还应特别注意以下几点:把握各种时态的特点,注意易混淆时态间的差异;准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义,捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息;要克服汉语式的思维,排除误导,培养发散性思维。考点清单考点一、一般将来时五种表达方法要点精讲1：will/shalldo表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，是最常见的一般将来时表达形式。注意willdo还可以表示不以人的意志为转移的自然规律；表示临时性决定或打算，还可以用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”中。例1：Ishallbefreethisafternoon.例2：Mysisterwillbe18nextyear.例3：—Georgephonedwhileyouwereout.—Ok.Iwillphonehimback.例4：Workhardandyouwillsucceed.要点精讲2：begoingtodo也是一般将来时表达方式，表示推测时强调说话有充分依据，尤指天气变化。例1：Areyougoingtoplaybasketballafterclass?例2：Lookatthoseblackclouds.Itisgoingtorain.要点精讲3：“beaboutto+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。例：TheEnglisheveningisabouttostart.要点精讲4：“beto+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。例1：Thereistobeaslideshowthisafternoon.例2：Youaretohandinyourpapersby10o'clock.要点精讲5：现在进行时表将来，这一结构常用于表示位置转移的动词，如come,go,leave,start,move,arrive等。例1：IamleavingforTibetonSunday.例2：Whenareyougoingbacktoyourfactory?在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I__________(call)himlater.2.SearchthewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyou___________(learn)alotaboutfirefighting3.Asyougothroughthisbook,you________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferentexperience.4.Moreefforts,asreported,___________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.5.Takeanumbrellawithyou.Lookattheblackcloud,itistorain.单句改错。【答案与解析】1.willcall。这里willdo表示临时性决定或打算。故答案是willcall。2.willlearn。这是于“祈使句+and+陈述句”，陈述部分要求用willdo形式。故答案是willlearn。3.willfind。这是“主将从现”，主句应用一般将来时。故答案是willfind。4.willbemade。intheyearsahead表示“未来几年”，暗示用将来时；同时又是被三一。故答案是willbemade。5.to前加going。根据“Lookattheblackloud,”可知，根据某种迹象表明要发生的事情，用一般将来时begoingtodo的结构。故答案是to前加going。考点二、一般将来进行时典型用法要点精讲：将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有bythistimetomorrow等等。例1：Bythistimetomorrow,Iwillbelyingonthebeach.例2：Don'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.Wewillbehavingclassesthen.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe_________(teach)aclassatthattime.2.You'dbetternotphonethemanagerbetween7and8tomorrowevening;he________(have)animportantmeetingthen.【答案与解析】1.willbeteaching。将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，at3o’clockthisafternoon是关键。故答案是willbeteaching。2.willbehaving。根据between7and8tomorrowevening可知，此处是指未来具体时刻正在发生的事情，故用将来进行时，答案是willbehaving。考点三、将来完成时两种典型用法要点精讲1：一般将来完成时（willhavedone）表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by,bytheendof,bythetime…等结构连用。例1：Bytheendofthismonth,wewillhavestudied10units.例2：Whentheymoveherenextmonth,wewillhavelivedinthecityfor5years.要点精讲2：过去将来完成时（wouldhavedone）表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，多与宾语从句和虚拟语气连用。例1：IthoughtSophiawouldhavetoldyousomething.例2：Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwewouldhavesavedhislife.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Onthenextbirthday,Ann_____________(marry)fortwentyyears.2.---IhearthatJasonisplanningtobuyacar.---Iknow.Bynextmonth,he__________(save)enoughforausedone.3.Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.4.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.5.We_____________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.【答案与解析】1.willhavebeenmarried。Onthenextbirthday暗示用将来时，结合语境“到明年生日，安妮将已经结婚20年”，bemarried表示“已婚”状态。故答案是willhavebeenmarried。2.willhavesaved。Bynextmonth是关键，表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作。故答案是willhavesaved。3.wouldhavehad。or引导含蓄条件句，句意为：真可惜！你错过了游览观光，否则的话我们会有一段美好时光的。表示与过去事实相反，应用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhavehad。4.wouldhavelost。Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation是含蓄条件句，后面表示与过去事实相反，应用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhavelost。5.wouldhaveput。结合句意“要不是约翰昨天受伤我原本要把他放进比赛名单。”，前半句表示与过去事实相反，故用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhaveput。考点四、一般过去时三种典型用法要点精讲1：一般过去时多表示过去已发生的动作，并有明确的时间状语，如theotherday,yesterday,lastweek,in1980等。例1：Tomdidn'tcometoclassyesterday.例2：Oh,John.IneverthoughtImetyouhere.要点精讲2：一般过去时表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作，常与often，usually，seldom等频度副词连用。例：WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftencalledonmyoldfriendsthere.要点精讲3：一般过去时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与现在事实相反的情况，如Iwish….,Ifonly….,Iwouldratherthat….,Itistimethat….及if虚拟条件句等。例1：Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.例2：Itishightimethatwehadourlunch.例3：IwishIwereabird,flyingfreelyinthesky.例4：IfonlyIknewhowtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.例5：IfIwereyou,Iwouldtrymybesttograspthechance.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit_____________(come)onthemarketin1973.2.I’mcallingabouttheapartmentyou_____________(advertise)theotherday.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?3.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,_____________(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.4.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_____________(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens’statusasaleadingnovelist.5.Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,but_____________(hold)backthankfullybytheshopwindow.6.Thethreeofus_____________(travel)aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.7.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene_______(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.8.HowIwisheveryfamily_____________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!9.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit_____________(break).10.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe_____________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.11.Sorry,I’mtoobusynow.IfI_____________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.【答案与解析】1.came。从句有明显时间状语in1973，应用一般过去时。故答案是came。2.advertised。从句有明显时间状语theotherday，应用一般过去时。故答案是advertised。3.wasinvited。句子有明显时间状语attheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo，应用一般过去时。故答案是wasinvited。4.was。结合语境这里描述过去的行为，应用一般过去时。故答案是was。5.washeld。holdback表示“阻止，隐瞒”，结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是washeld。6.travelled。本句是易错题，句子虽然有时间状语foraboutamonth，但结合语境这里表示过去某段时间一直发生的事情。故答案是travelled。7.declared。根据语境容易判断空白处应该使用一般过去时。故填declared。8.had。结合语境从句与现在事实相反，故应用一般过去时。故答案是had。9.werebroken。itlookasif…表示“看起来好像……”，从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时；结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是werebroken。10.did/shoulddo。Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意为“早该……”。故答案是did/shoulddo。11.had。语境暗示从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时。故答案是had。考点五、过去进行时四种典型用法要点精讲1：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常有明确的时间状语暗示，如at7:00lastnight等。例1：Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.例2：ShewasplayingthepianowhileIwasreadingthenewspaper.要点精讲2：过去进行时还可以表示过去一段时间内频繁发生或一直进行的动作。例1：Weweretalkingaboutyouthewholemorning.例2：HewaswatchingTVathomefrom3:00to5:00yesterdayafternoon.要点精讲3：go,come,leave等瞬间动词的过去进行时表示将要发生的动作。例：ShesaidshewasleavingforNewYorkthenextmonth.要点精讲4：过去进行时用于as,when,while等状语从句，表示另一动作发生的背景。例1：Itwassnowingasthemedicalteammadeitswaytothefront.例2：Tomslippedintothehousewhennoonewaslooking.要点精讲5：always,forever,continually,constantly频度副词与过去进行时连用表示赞扬，抱怨等感情色彩。例1：Thegirlwasalwayschanginghermind.例2：Inthepasthewasconstantlyaskingmeformoney.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Hermother_____________(cook)inthekitchenatthistimeyesterday.2.I’dliketoknowwhatyou______________(do)at9:00lastnight.3.Wewenttothereading-roomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatit_____________(decorate).4.She_____________(phone)someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.5.Jim_____________(watch)alatenightfilmathomewhen,rightinthemiddleofathrillingscene,thetelevisionwentblank.6.I_____________(clean)thestreetsinourneighborhoodthistimeyesterdaywhenyoucalledme.7.Duringtheperiodofrecentterroristactivities,people_____________(alwayswarn)nottotouchanyunattendedbag.8.HemusthavesensedthatI_____________(look)athim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,"Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat?"9.Jack_____________(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.【答案与解析】1.wascooking。时间状语atthistimeyesterday表明过去某时正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时。故答案是wascooking。2.weredoing。时间状语at9:00lastnight表明过去某时正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时。故答案是weredoing。3.wasbeingdecorated。结合语境表示该段时间内一直进行的动作---装修图书馆。故答案是wasbeingdecorated。4.wasphoning。结合语境“她正在给别人打电话，我对她点头走开了。”故答案是wasphoning。5.waswatching。结合语境这是wasdoing…when…句式。故答案是waswatching。6.wascleaning。结合语境这是wasdoing…when…句式。故答案是wascleaning。7.werealwaysbeingwarned。always与过去进行时连用，表示过去某段时间内一直进行的动作（被频繁提醒）；又是被动含义。故答案是werealwaysbeingwarned。8.waslooking。结合语境判断这里表示当时在进行的动作，故用过去进行时。故答案是waslooking。9.wasworking。这是wasdoing…when…句式。是故答案是wasworking。考点六、过去完成时四种典型用法要点精讲1：过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。句中常用by,bytheendof,bethetime…引导的时间状语或以before,until,when,than等词引导的内含一般过去时的时间状语从句。概括为：过去的过去。例1：By5:00yesterdaymorningwehaddonethatwork.例2：Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.要点精讲2：intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。例1：Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldn'tgethereintime.例2：Ihadintendedtocallonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.要点精讲3：在Itwasthefirst/second/third…timethat…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。例1：Thiswasthefirsttimetheyhadmetinthirty-nineyears.例2：Itwasthefourthtimeshehadshoppedonlineforhours.要点精讲3：在hardly/scarcely…when…和nosooner…than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。例1：Shehardlyhadgonetobedwhenthebellrang.例2：Nosoonerhadtheyleftthebuildingthanabombexploded.要点精讲4：过去完成时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与过去事实相反的情况，如Iwish….,Ifonly….,Iwouldratherthat….及if虚拟条件句等。例1：IwishthatIhadseenheryesterday.例2：Ifeltasthoughwehadknowneachotherforyears.例3：IfonlyIhadknownherearlier!例4：IwouldratherIhadn'tseenthatfilmyesterday.例5：Ifithadnotrainedthismorning,Ishouldhavegoneshopping.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1.Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandwasmoretime-consumingthanwe_____________(expect).2.JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealizedI_____________(leave)mybankinthecafe.3.Silk____________(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.4.Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones__________(notinvent)yet.5.I_____________(plan)tohelpyoubutcouldn’tgethereintime.6.I_________(hope)tosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage，butIcouldn'tmanageit.7.Therewasaknockonthedoor.Itwasthesecondtimesomeone_____________(interrupt)methatevening.8.Thatwasthefirsttimeshe_____________(leave)aloneathomeduringtheweekends,boredtodeath.9.She________nosooner_________(get)totheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.10.HardlyhadIarrivedhomewhenthetelephone_____________(ring).11.Ifwe_____________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.12.HowIwishI_____________(buy)thatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.13.—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn'house?—Notreally.She_____________(give)uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.【答案与解析】1.hadexpected。结合语境应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故答案是hadexpected。2.hadleft。结合语境应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故答案是hadleft。3.hadbecome。byabout100BC是解答本题关键，应用过去完成时。故答案是hadbecome。4.hadn’tbeeninvented。结合语境应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”；又是被动含义。故答案是hadn’tbeeninvented。5.hadend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。故答案是hadplanned。6.hadend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。故答案是hadhoped。7.hadinterrupted。在Itwasthefirst/second/third…timethat…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。故答案是hadinterrupted。8.hadleft。在It/Thatwasthefirst/second/third…timethat…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。故答案是hadleft。9.had;got。在hardly/scarcely…when…和nosooner…than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。故答案是had;got。10.rang。在hardly/scarcely…when…和nosooner…than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时，从句仍用一般过去时。故答案是rang。11.hadcaught。这时if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。故答案是hadcaught。12.hadbought。Iwishthat….从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。故答案是hadbought。13.hadgiven。结合语境“给我们清楚指导”发生在前，应用过去完成时。故答案是hadgiven。考点七、过去将来时三种典型用法要点精讲1：一般过去将来时是由“should/would+动词原形”构成，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，多用于主从复合句中。例1：Hesaidtheywouldarrangeaparty.例2：HeaskedmeyesterdaywhenIshouldleaveforParis.要点精讲2：用于was/wereabouttodo…when…句型，表示：正要……这时发生另一件事。was/weretodo也可以用于过去将来时。例：Iwasabouttostartwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.要点精讲3：过去将来时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与将来事实相反的情况，如Iwish….,Ifonly….,Iwouldratherthat….及if虚拟条件句等。例1：Iwishhewouldgowithmetothecinematonight.例2：IfIhadachancetostudyabroad,IwouldstudyatCambridgeUniversity.1.Didyoupredictthatmanystudents_____________(sign)upforthedancecompetition?2.Hewasabouttogotobed________therewasaknockonthedoor.3.Whenhe_____________(open)thedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere.4.Atcollege,BarackObamadidn’tknowthathe_____________(become)thefirstblackpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.5.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.6.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship_____________(sink).7.Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.【答案与解析】1.wouldsign。Didyoupredict是解答本题的关键，暗示应用过去将来时。故答案是wouldsign。2.when。这是was/wereabouttodosth.when...句型。故答案是when。3.wastoopen。结合语境这里应用过去将来时表示从当时看将要发生的动作“将要开门”。故答案是wastoopen。4.wastobecome。结合语境这里应用过去将来时表示从当时看将要发生的动作“将要成为美国第一位黑人总统”。故答案是wastobecome。5.wouldbe。本句是虚拟语气含蓄条件句，now说明主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo。故答案是wouldbe。6.wouldn’thavesunk。结合语境主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wouldhavedone，且是否定形式。故答案是wouldn’thavesunk。7.wouldhavehad。or引导含蓄条件句，句意为：真可惜！你错过了游览观光，否则的话我们会有一段美好时光的。表示与过去事实相反，应用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhavehad。单句语法填空1.Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin1950(be)30—todayitis41andisexpectedtoincreaseto42by2050.2.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers(carry)specialsignificance.3.Theartistwassurehewould(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.4.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI______(make)overtheyears.5.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody(have)toworryaboutfashion(时尚).6.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut______(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements7.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents’grades______(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.8.Youroldersister____________(leave)tomorrowmorningandyou’dbettergetupearlytoseeheroff.9.Nodecision____________(make)untilallthemembershaveapprovedofthisplan.10.Overtheyears,manythings(add)tothestoryofStNicholas,changinghimtotheFatherChristmasweknowoftoday.Everymanworkerandeverywomanworker(enjoy)freemedicalcareinthiscompany.12.NotonlyyouandIbutalsoPeter,thetopstudentinourschool,(be)notabletosolvetheproblem.13.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren____________(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.14.Engineers(set)upover15,000sensors(传感器)nationwideandwiringthemintoaweb.15.Thetreatmentcontinuedandfinallythedeep,bloodypain______(be)100%healed.16.Eitherthebeautifulsightsofthismoderncityoritslocalcustom(attract)thousandsofvisitorsduringthepastyears.17.Ithinkthemiddleschoolstudentsshould(forbid)tousesmartphonesatschool.It__________(estimate)thatnotlessthanhalfamillionpeoplediedinthefamine.Peopleusedtobelievethatdirt__________(generate)disease.Thejuniorclerkwasalarmedwhenhe_____(witness)therobberyinhisoffice.1.【答案】was【解析】考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人年龄的中位数是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为ThemedianageofanAmerican，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。2.【答案】carries【解析】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。why引导表语从句，从句中主语为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，由整篇文章语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填carries。3.【答案】bechosen【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填bechosen。4.【答案】havemade【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中时间状语overtheyears可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填havemade。5.【答案】willhave/has【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时willdo；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填willhave/has。6.【答案】havereported【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语inrecentyears可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填havereported。7.【答案】improved【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。8.【答案】isleaving【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。句意：你的姐姐明天早上就要离开了，你最好起早点去为她送行。此处用现在进行时表按照计划安排好的将要发生的事情。9.【答案】willbemade【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：直到所有的成员都同意这个计划，才能作出决定。根据句意可如，make所表示的动作还未发生，故用一般将来时；decision与make之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。10.【答案】havebeenadded【解析】考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：多年来，圣尼古拉斯的故事中增加了许多东西，把他变成了我们今天所知道的圣诞老人。时间状语overtheyears（这么多年来），指的是一种从几年前持续到现在的一种情况，因此通常与现在完成时连用。主语manythings是复数形式，故填havebeenadded。11.【答案】enjoys【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这家公司里，男女职工都享受免费医疗。every+单数名词+and+every+单数名词，强调的依然是个体，谓语动词用单数。根据句意可知用一般现在时。故填enjoys。12.【答案】is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅你和我，而且我们学校的尖子生皮特都不能解决这个问题。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时；Notonly...butalso...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词需要和就近的主语保持单复数一致，这里较近的主语是Peter，所以be动词要用单数形式，故填is。13.【答案】goes【解析】考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：冬天的每个星期天下午，父亲和他的三个孩子都要在结冰的河上滑冰。aswellas连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词应与前边的主语保持人称和数的一致，即句子的主语是thefather，应用单数；由everySundayafternooninwinter可知应用一般现在时态。14.【答案】aresetting【解析】考查现在进行时态。句意：工程师们正在全国范围内安装超过15000个传感器，并将它们连接到一个网络上。根据后面and并列的动词wiring及句意可知，这里用现在进行时。15.【答案】was【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：治疗继续进行，最后，疼痛完全治愈了。此处的主语是pain,是抽象名词，时间是过去，与谓语动词heal之间是被动关系，故用be的单数的过去式形式。16.【答案】hasattracted【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：无论是这座现代化城市的美丽景色还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。由duringthepastyears可知，这句话使用现在完成时。“either...or...”作主语时，谓语动词形式与or后主语保持一致，itslocalcustom是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。17.【答案】beforbidden【解析】考查语态。句意：我认为中学生应该被禁止在学校使用智能手机。宾语从句中主语middleschoolstudents与forbid之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据情态动词should可知，后接动词原形。故填beforbidden。18.【答案】isestimated【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据估计，至少有50万人死于那场饥荒。分析句子可知，It为形式主语，that引导主语从句为真正主语，此处estimate与后面的从句构成动宾关系，因此，本句要用被动语态，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，构成Itisestimatedthat...句型。故填isestimated。19.【答案】generated【解析】考查动词。句意：人们过去常常相信污垢会产生疾病。that后为从句，generate为从句谓语，与主句时态保持一致，应该用一般过去时。故填generated。20.【答案】witnessed【解析】考查时态。句意：那个小职员目睹办公室里发生的抢劫案，吓了一跳。根据主句时态可知，用一般过去时。根据句意，故填witnessed。二．语篇填空Japan

says

it

will

start

releasing

radioactive

water

from

the

destroyed

Fukushima

nuclearcenterintothe

seabeginning

in

two

years.

The

polluted

water

is1

(treat)

before

it

is

released

into

the

Pacific

Ocean.Thegovernmentannounced

the

plan

Tuesday

and

said

it

had

been

approved

by

cabinet

ministers.

The

decision

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expected,

but

faced

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safety

concerns

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public2

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has

said

three

reactors

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there

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meltdowns

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the2011

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The

disaster

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people

to

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(pollute)areasaroundtheplant.TokyoElectric

Power

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or

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operates

the

nuclear

center.

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iscarryingoutthecleanup.Japanese

Prime

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said

the

government5

(decide)

theocean

release

wasthemostrealisticway

6(solve)

the

water

storage

problem.

Other

methods

considered

includedinjecting

thewaterintotheground

orconverting

it

to

steam

or

hydrogen7

then

releasing

it

into

the

atmosphere.The

government

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the

water

to

be

released

8“treated”

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not

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experts

say

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radioactive

materials

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Government

officials

say

tritium

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amounts.1.tobetreated2.opposition3.cooling4.polluted5.haddecided6.tosolve7.and8.as9.that10.harmful【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。日本表示，将在两年内开始从被毁的福岛核电站向海洋释放核污染水。日本政府官员甚至还说，氚是唯一不能从水中去除的物质，但是氚在少量时不被认为是有害的。1.考查动词不定式被动形式。句意：被污染的水在排入太平洋之前要经过处理。根据句子意思判断，这里表示一个将来的或未进行的被动动作，应该用不定式被动形式。故填tobetreated。2.考查名词。根据句子结构判断，此空在形容词后，应用名词形式，和前面的名词concerns并列。故填opposition。3.考查现在分词。根据句子结构判断，此空在名词前，提示词又是动词，应该用现在分词做定语，表示“冷却的”。故填cooling。4.考查过去分词。句意：这场灾难迫使16万人逃离核电站周围受污染的地区。根据句子结构判断，此空在名词前，提示词又是动词，应该用过去分词做定语，表示“被污染的”。故填polluted。5.考查动词时态。此空用在宾语从句中，这时应该考虑主从句时态的呼应，主句用的是一般过去时，因此这里应用过去完成时。故填haddecided。6.考查不定式。名词后的定语可以用“ofdoing...”或：“todo...”来表示。故填tosolve。7.考查连词。句意：考虑的其他方法包括将水注入地下或将其转化为蒸汽或氢，然后释放到大气中。此空应用连词and，和后面的then构成andthen，意为“然后”。故填and。8.考查介词。句意：政府将要排放的水描述为“经过处理的”而不是“放射性的”。describe...as...意为“把...描述成为...”，是一个固定搭配。故填as。9.考查定语从句。此空应该是定语从句引导词，同时在从句中做主语。另外，先行词前有the

only来修饰，不能用which。故填that。10.考查形容词。句意：他们说，氚在少量时不被认为是有害的。consider后面可接doing或sb./sth.(todo/tobe)+adj.，变成被动形式后，成为beconsidered(todo/tobe)+adj.。故填harmful。Howdoesyourteachermakeyousit—inrowsoringroups?Howwouldyouliketosit?Doessittinginrowsmakeyoufeelgoodordoesitmakeyoufeellonely?Doyoufeelthatsittinginagroupanddiscussingthingsmakesyoulearnmoreinaneasierway?Inthelast30yearsorso,expertsonteachingmethodshavethoughtaboutthesequestions.Theyfeltthatsittinginrowswasnotveryusefultochildren,andthattheylearnteasierandbetterwhentheysataroundatableinagroup.Thatway,theycouldalsolearntogetalongwithothersandexchangeideaseasily.However,itseemstheywerenotquiteright.AtleastNigelHastings,professorofNottinghamTrentUniversity.doesnotthinkso.Hehasbeenresearchingclassroombehaviorforthelast20yearsinEngland.Hisconclusion(结论）isthatchildrenworkmuchbetterwhentheysitinrowsthansittingaroundingroups.Hisstudyfoundthatstudentswastedalotoftimetalkingwhentheywereplacedingroups.Whenchildrenweremadetositsinglyorinpairs