选择性必修第四册　Unit 3　Sea Exploration

英语大一轮复习Unit3SeaExploration选择性必修第四册目录/1.内容索引2.基础知识排查3.核心考点突破4.写作能力提升5.基础知识达标><PART01基础知识排查Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意merchant

n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的fleet n.舰队；机群；车队behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见spice n.(调味)香料maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的tournament n.锦标赛；联赛laptop n.笔记本电脑；便携式电脑pressconference

记者招待会；新闻发布会manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的submersible n.潜水器；可潜船underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的capsule n.胶囊；太空舱coral n.珊瑚migration

n.迁移；迁徙；移居directory

n.名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削gallon n.加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n.正式记录；日志；原木marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的Ⅱ.重点单词——记形tale n.故事；叙述negotiate

vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商league

n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的withdraw

vt.&vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离channel n.航道；海峡；频道bond

n.纽带；关系 vt.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合tax vt.对……征税；使纳税

n.税；税款meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下10arrest

n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive

adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension

n.扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机politics n.政治；政治观点→political

adj.政治的；政治上的→politician

n.政治家；政客Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变profession

n.职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n.教授；(大学的)讲师，教员mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover

vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖applaud

vt.&vi.鼓掌

vt.称赞；赞赏→applause

n.鼓掌；掌声；喝彩murder

vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏

n.谋杀；凶杀→murderer n.谋杀犯mercy

n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful

adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless

adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的possession

n.[usuallypl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess

vt.控制；具有；拥有opponent

n.反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose

vt.反对；抵制→opposed

adj.反对的；截然不同的[拔高词汇]背选修词汇tiptoe/'tɪptəʊ/

n.脚尖

vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走forsth’ssake

为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值disorder/dɪs'ɔːdə(r)/

n.紊乱；混乱；骚乱excessive/ɪk'sesɪv/

adj.过度的；过多的all-round/ˌɔːl'raʊnd/

adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的obstacle/'ɒbstəkl/

n.障碍；障碍物accumulation/əˌkjuːmjə'leɪʃn/

n.积累；聚积物devil/'devl/

n.魔鬼；恶魔compliment/'kɒmplɪmənt/ n.称赞；问候；致意 vt.赞美；钦佩bolster/'bəʊlstə(r)/

vt.改善；加强Ⅳ.背核心短语setsail

起航；开航inaleagueofone’sown

独领风骚withdrawfrom

退出；撤回inhand

在手头；可供使用；在掌握中；

在控制中searchfor 寻找5underthecommandof 在……的指挥下inreturnfor 作为对……的回报forthebenefitof 为了……的好处/利益takeaction 采取行动aswellas 也；又；还Ⅴ.悟经典句式1TheaimofthisinitiativeistoencouragecooperationandtradeacrossthehistoricSilkRoadareas，andstrengthenthebondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.(Theaimistodo...)这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。2Chinahasinvestedbillionsinsystemsandservicesalongtheseroutes，whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。...thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.(thereisanurgentneedtodosth迫切需要做某事)……为了了解气候变化及其影响，迫切需要对北极进行研究。Totrulyunderstandourplanet，wemustexploretheoceanswhichcovermostofit.(不定式作目的状语)为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。45Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.(sothat引导目的状语从句)我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。Ⅰ.阅读单词1.merchant

n.______________

adj.___________2.capsule

n._______________3.migration

n.___________________4.exploit

vt.___________________5.log

vt.__________________________ n.______________________词汇默写商人；批发商海上货运的胶囊；太空舱迁移；迁徙；移居开发；利用；剥削把……载入正式记录；记录正式记录；日志；原木6.tournament

n._______________7.laptop

n.________________________8.manned

adj.________________________9.coral

n._______10.underwater

adv._______

adj._______锦标赛；联赛笔记本电脑；便携式电脑有人控制的；需人操纵的珊瑚在水下水下的Ⅱ.重点单词1.

n.故事；叙述2.

vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商3.

n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛4.

adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的5.

vt.&vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离talenegotiateleagueroyalwithdraw6.

n.航道；海峡；频道7.

n.纽带；关系 vt.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合8.

vt.对……征税；使纳税 n.税；税款9.

adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下10.

n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止channelbondtaxmeanwhilearrestⅢ.拓展单词1.

vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→

adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→

n.扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机2.

n.职业；行业→

adj.专业的；职业的→

n.教授；(大学的)讲师，教员extendextensiveextensionprofessionprofessionalprofessor3.

n.新闻报道；覆盖范围→

vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖4.

n.政治；政治观点→

adj.政治的；政治上的→

n.政治家；政客coveragecoverpoliticspoliticalpolitician5.

n.反对者；对手；竞争者→

vt.反对；抵制→

adj.反对的；截然不同的opponentopposeopposedⅣ.拔高词汇1.tiptoe

n._______

vi.________________________2.all-round

adj.___________________________3.compliment

n._________________

vt.____________4._____________ 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值5.

n.障碍；障碍物脚尖踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走全面的；全能的；多才多艺的称赞；问候；致意赞美；钦佩forsth’ssakeobstacleⅤ.核心短语1.

起航；开航2.

也；又；还3.

为了……的好处/利益4.

作为对……的回报5.

在……的指挥下setsailaswellasforthebenefitofinreturnforunderthecommandofⅠ.词形变化填空1.The

had

anovelistbeforehefledhiscountry.(murder)2.Thebrilliantprofessorisadoctorby

，sohehasmuch

knowledgeinmedicine.(profession)3.Heisin

ofthreevillasandhealso

threefirms.(possession)语境运用murderermurderedprofessionprofessionalpossessionpossesses4.Facingsuchanevent，Ihave

emotions.Ifeelastrange________ofexcitementandfear.(mix)5.The

kingshowed

tothepoor，whointurnapplaudedtheking.(mercy)6.Whenheenteredthehall，hewasgreetedbythunderous

.Allthefans

excitedly.(applaud)mixedmixturemercifulmercyapplauseapplauded7.Thetwo

were

toeachother’sopinions.(oppose)8.Asajournalist，it’syourdutyto

thefactandyouareresponsibleforyour

.(cover)opponentsopposedcovercoverageⅡ.选词填空1.

theswimmingcompetitionbecauseofaseriousinjurymadehimfrustrated.2.HesurfedtheInternetwiththeaimof

therelevantinformation.3.Becauseofourlimitedtime，Istronglysuggest

rightnowtodealwiththisurgentmatter.inaleagueofone’sown，withdrawfrom，inhand，searchfor，takeactionWithdrawingfromsearchingfortakingaction4.TheOlympicorganizerssayconfidentlythatmattersarewell________andthereisnothingtoworryabout.5.Withmanygoodqualities，ourmonitoris

ineveryaspect.inhandinaleagueofhisowninaleagueofone’sown，withdrawfrom，inhand，searchfor，takeactionⅢ.经典句型仿写1.这次活动的目的是增强我们保护文化遗产的意识。(Theaimistodo...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.他昨晚熬夜，这是导致他第二天在课堂上睡觉的原因。(which引导非限制性定语从句)Hestayeduplatelastnight，_______________________________________________thenextday.Theaimoftheactivityistoraiseourawarenessofprotectingtheculturalheritage.whichaccountedforhissleepingintheclass3.我给你写信是为了和你分享我对如何与父母友好相处的观点。(不定式作目的状语)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.急需做出一些改变以适应当前的情况。(Thereisanurgentneedtodo...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iamwritingtoyoutosharewithyoumyopinionsonhowtogetalongwellwithparents.Thereisanurgentneedtomakesomechangestoadapttothecurrentsituations.5.我对茶的传统制作过程做了详细的说明以便他们能更好地理解它。(sothat引导目的状语从句)Iexplainedthetraditionalprocedureofmakingteaindetail___________________________________.sothattheycouldbetterunderstanditTheMingDynastydesiredtostrengthenthe1.

(bond)withsomewesterncountriesandbetween1405and1433，sevenlargefleets2._________thecommandofZhengHesetsailfromtheSouthChinaSea.TheysailedacrosstheIndianOceantotheeastcoastofAfrica，alongthemarinechannelswhich3.

(extend)bytheformermerchantsandexplorers.Theytookgold，silkandspicestotheAfricanroyalfamilies4.

negotiatedtradedealswiththem.Meanwhile，bondsunderhadbeenextendedandwith5.

(advance)weaponsinhand，theyhadmercyonratherthanexploited，murderedorarrestedthepeopleinothercountries,6.___inturnapplaudedthem.Theyalso7.

(log)manytalesthathadhappenedalongtheway.AlthoughChinawithdrewfromfurtherexpeditionsafter1433，thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereinaleagueof8.

(they)ownatthattime.Today，toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesire.advancedwhologgedtheirAndtheancientroutes9.

(travel)byZhengHearebeingrevisitedwiththeaim10.

(encourage)cooperationandtradeacrossthehistoricSilkRoadareas.travelledtoencourage返回><提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇PART01核心考点突破vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供；伸展，展开vi.&vt.持续，延续(extensiveadj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的extensionn.延伸；扩大；延期)extendextend...to...向……提供/给予……extendto延长到extendby延长了1(1)Ifyouareinneedofadeadline

(extend)，simplyexplainthesituationtoyourprofessor.(2)Theplanwillextendprotection

asignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)extensionto(3)这些课程每周一节，每节课两小时，持续22周以上。与去年的这门课程相比，持续时间延长了两周。(话题写作之学校生活)Thesecoursesarebasedonaweeklytwo-hourclass，__________________________________________.Comparedwithlastyear’scourse，theduration

.(4)我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的全体老师。(应用文写作之演讲稿)

，whohavedonesomuchforusovertheyears.extendingoveraperiodoftwenty-twoweeksextendsbytwoweeksIwouldliketoextendmyheartfeltgratitudetoallmyteachersn.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠(mercifuladj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的mercilessadj.残忍的；无慈悲心的)mercy2·showmercyto对……怜悯/宽恕havemercyon/upon对……怜悯/宽恕atthemercyof...任由……摆布·bemercifulto...对……仁慈(1)Theleaderissucha

manandalwayshasmercy__________thosepoorpeoplebutsometimeshecanbe

tobadpersons.(用合适的介词或mercy的适当形式填空)(2)在失去引擎动力之后，这艘船只好任凭风暴摆布。Havinglostenginepower，

.mercifulon/uponmercilesstheshiphadtobeatthemercyofthestorm·takepossessionof(表动作)占有；拥有inpossessionof(表状态)具有；拥有inthepossessionof被……拥有；归……所有·bepossessedofsth具有(某种品质或特征)n.[usuallypl.]个人财产；拥有；控制(possessvt.拥有；具有；支配)possession3(1)这款最新的笔记本电脑是汤姆的，也就是说汤姆拥有这款最新款的笔记本电脑。Thelatestlaptopis

Tom，whichmeansthatTomis

thelatestlaptop.(2)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。Happinessisnotwishingforwhatwedon’thave，but_________________________________________________________.(3)请记住，只有拥有良好的心态，你才能获得成功。Keepinmindthat_________________________________________________________________________.inthepossessionofinpossessionofenjoyingwhatwepossess/takepossessionof/areinpossessionofonlyifyoupossess/arepossessedofagoodstateofmindwillyouattainsuccessathand近在手边；在附近byhand手工，用手的handinhand手挽手；密切关联ontheonehand...ontheother(hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面)givesbahand帮助……；施以援手4在手头；可供使用inhand用hand的相关短语填空(1)Asanoldsayinggoes，“Successandfailurealwaysgo

.”(2)Havingenoughdata

，wecansetouttoholdthepressconference

asscheduled.(3)Meanwhile，you’dbetterkeepadictionaryclose

sothatyoucanlookupunfamiliarwordsinit.(4)Evenforpersonalletters，themerchantwouldratheruseacomputerthanwrite

.inhandhandinhandathandbyhand(5)Ontheonehand，computersextendourvision；__________________，theyalsobringaboutsomeharmfulproblems.(6)WheneverIamintrouble，itisyouwho

withouthesitation.givemeahandontheother(hand)·本句中sothat引导目的状语从句，相当于inorderthat，从句中往往含

有情态动词，如can，could，may，might等。·sothat也可以引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往没有情态动词。5Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。sothat引导目的状语从句(1)下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。Nexttimeyouvisitourcity，youmustcallmeaheadofschedule____________________________________________.(2)公共汽车坏了，我们不得不步行回家，这让我们怒火中烧。

，whichmadeusboilwithanger.canmakesomenecessaryarrangements返回sothatIThebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇><PART02基础知识达标Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1.withdraw(1)Iwantedtowithdraw$4,000frommybankaccount.(2)Iheardyouaregoingtowithdrawfromthespeechclass.(2021·浙江1月)(3)Sensinghismistake，theministerwithdrewhisstatementlater.A.退出B.收回(发言、意见等)

C.提取(存款等)____________CAB2.bond(1)Thenewtypeofgluebondsavarietyofsurfacesinseconds.(2)Thefollowingday，thetaxidriverwasreleasedon$5,000bond.(3)Itwasaspecialtimetobondwithmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.(2020·全国Ⅱ)(4)Socialbondsarecreatedamongindividualswhentheysharetheirartsexperiencesthroughreflectionanddiscussion...(2021·天津)A.n.纽带；关系B.n.保释金C.vt.使牢固结合D.v.增强信任关系________________CBDA3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)Allthepeoplepresentatthemeetingapplaudmydecision.(2)Thecharmingmanarrestedmyattention.____________赞成吸引Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1.Manypeoplehadtheir

(possess)buriedundertheruins，thusbecominghomeless.2.Theprimeministerofthecountrywasoncea

(profession)athleteaswellasalicensedlawyer.3.Hedoesn’thavethefreedomtochoosewhathelikes，soIhavemercy

him.4.Inegotiated

othersponsorsoftheexhibitionabouthowtoorganizeitperfectly.possessionson/uponprofessionalwith5.Forsomereason，Iwithdrew

ahandfulofgrandclubsandIwillneverjointhemagain.6.The

(cover)provedtobeoutoflinewiththetruthwasdeleted.7.It’ssaidthatanopen-airbarbecuewillbescheduled，whoseaimis____________(strengthen)thebondoftheemployees.8.Dokeepinmindthatmyassistancewillbe

handwheneveryouneedit.fromcoveragetostrengthenat9.Thiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoits

(mix)ofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements.10.Allthemerchantsstayedsilent，listenedtomecarefullyandgavemeabigroundof

(applaud)attheend.mixtureapplause返回><PART03写作能力提升(2022·全国甲改编),你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。急救讲座完成句子1.6月8日是世界海洋日，其目的是提高人们对海洋保护的认识。(theaimistodo...；whose引导定语从句)_______________________________________________________________2.海洋起着至关重要的作用，它不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且维持了自然的平衡。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)_______________________________________________________________完成句子3.随着世界海洋日的临近，迫切需要采取措施保护海洋。(with的复合结构；Thereisanurgentneedtodo...)_______________________________________________________________4.为了做出我们的贡献，我们学生可以发传单，呼吁更多的人保护海洋。(不定式作目的状语)_______________________________________________________________5.现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了，这样我们才能建设一个更加和谐的世界，在未来过上更好的生活。(sothat引导目的状语从句)_______________________________________________________________完成句子把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________组句成篇Whenitcomestotheocean，itspollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.WorldOceansDayfallsonJune8th，whoseaimistoraisepeople’sawarenessofoceanconservation.Theocean，whichplaysavitalrole，notonlyoffersussufficientfood，butalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.WiththeWorldOceansDayapproaching，thereisanurgentneedtotakemeasurestoprotecttheocean.Tomakeourcontributions，westudentscanhandoutleafletstocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheocean.Besides，weshouldstopthrowinggarbageintotheocean.参考范文Allinall，itishightimethatwedevotedourselvestoprotectingtheocean，sothatwecanbuildamoreharmoniousworldandliveabetterlifeinthefuture.参考范文教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]

mercyn.→mercifuladj.；opponentn.→opposedadj.；mixturen.→mixedadj.[动作描写]

setsail；negotiate；withdrawfrom；applaud；exploit；arrest教材语料整合美句1.Tradeandcuriosityhaveoftenformedthefoundationofmankind’sgreatestachievements.(主旨升华)2.Inrecentyears，ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.(动作描写)3.Opponentsmaybeconcerned，butseaexplorationisimportantforourfuture.(情感描写)拓展语料积累修辞妙用之拟人拟人就是赋予物以人的语言属性。拟人手法的使用会使文章更加形象生动、富有情趣。句型1.Themistswallowedthemupandtheicywindstartedhowling，stingingtheirfacesviolently.薄雾吞没了他们，冰冷的风呼啸着，猛烈地刺痛了他们的脸。2.Seeingsuchextraordinarybeauty，