Unit7Period3Grammar课件牛津译林版英语八年级上册

Unit7

SeasonsPeriod3GrammarWinteriscoming.GrammarVerbsandsentencestructuresThebasicpartsofasentencearethesubject(S),theverb(V)andtheobject(O).Usuallyastatementbeginswiththesubjectandtheverb.Wedivideverbsintothreekinds:intransitiveverbs(vi.),transitiveverbs(vt.)andlinkingverbs(linkingv.).Anintransitiveverbdoesnottakeanobject.Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V→Thetemperaturedrops.Atransitiveverbtakesanobject.Theverbtellsuswhatthesubjectdoestosomethingelse(theobject).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+O→Farmersharvestcrops.TIPThesubjectandobjectcanbeapronounoranounphrase.Alinkingverblinksthesubjectandtheadjectivephraseornounphrasethatdescribesit.TIPCommonlinkingverbsare:bebecomefeelgetgrowlookseemsmellsoundstaytasteturnAwordoragroupofwordsthatfollowsalinkingverbisthepredicative(P).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+P→Autumnleavesturnbrown.A.Millieiswritingabouttheseasons.Helpherunderlinetheverbineachsentenceandwritedownthemainstructureofthesentence.1.Wehavefourseasons._______________2.Theyarequitedifferent._______________3.Springiswarmandsunny._______________4.Weflykites._______________haveS+V+OareS+V+PisS+V+PflyS+V+O5.Welikesummer._______________6.Icecreamtastesnice._______________7.Autumnarrives._______________8.Snowfalls._______________likeS+V+OtastesS+V+ParrivesS+VfallsS+VSometransitiveverbscantaketwoobjects,thedirectobject(DO)andtheindirectobject(IO).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+IO+DO→HobobroughtEddiehisclothes.WecanchangethestructureS+V+IO+DOwithto.HobogaveEddiesomeicecream.HobogavesomeicecreamtoEddie.TIPVerbscanbeusedwithto:bringgivehandlendofferpasspaypostreadsellsendshowtaketeachtellwriteWecanchangethestructureS+V+IO+DOwithfor.HobobuiltEddieatent.HobobuiltatentforEddie.TIPVerbscanbeusedwithfor:bringbuildbuycookfindgetleavemakeorderpicksaveThecomplementcanalsofollowadirectobjecttorenameordescribeit.Inthiscase,itiscalledtheobjectcomplement(OC).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+DO+OC→EddieiswatchingHobowork.Wecanaddanadverbialtoeachoftheabovefivemainstructures.Weuseanadverbialtoshowwhen(adverbialoftime),where(adverbialofplace)orhow(adverbialofmanner)anactionisdone.HobobuiltEddieatentwithsticksatthebeachyesterday.B.Amykeepsaweatherdiary.Readthesentencesfromherdiaryentriesanddescribethemainstructuresoftheunderlinedsentences.1.Itwasaperfectdaytoday.Therewasnotacloudinthesky.MumwasmakingbreakfastformewhenIwokeupthismorning.2.Thecloudsbecamedark.Theycoveredthesun.Luckily,itdidn’train.

S＋V＋P

S＋V＋O

S＋V3.ItwasNewYear’sDay.MumandDadgavemenicepresents,butIwasnothappy.Therainwasfallingfrommorningtillnight.

①

Ihaterainydays.4.Thesunwasshining.Isawsomekidskickingtheballinthepark.②

Icaughtabadcold.Ihadahighfeverandcoughedalot,soMumtookmetothehospital.③

Itwasanawfulday!④温馨提示：此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。S＋V＋IO＋DO

S＋V＋P

S＋V＋OS＋V＋P

S＋V＋DO＋OC＋adverbialfrommorningtillnight从早到晚e.g.Heworksfrommorningtillnighteveryday.他每天从早到晚工作。Jimdidhishomeworktill10o’clockintheevening.吉姆做作业直到晚上十点。考点1返回温馨提示：可返回原文知识点1Therainwasfallingfrommorningtillnight.from...till...从……直到……kick/kɪk/vt.踢(hitsb./sth.withyourfoot)e.g.Hekickedthedoorhard.他使劲地踢门。Hethrewmetothegroundandstartedtokick.他把我摔倒在地，开始踢我。Hegavetheballahardkick.他使劲踢了一脚球。考点2kick还可作不及物动词，意为“踢”。也可作名词，意为“踢”。n.踢vi.踢知识点2Isawsomekidskickingtheballinthepark.kick还可作不及物动词，意为“踢”。也可作名词，意为“踢”。返回fever/'fiːvə(r)/n.发烧(bodytemperatureishigherthanusual)e.g.IwanttoseeadoctorbecauseIhaveafever.我想去看医生，因为我发烧了。MyuncleJimhadahighfever.我叔叔吉姆发高烧了。Let’shavealookattheTVguideandseewhat’son.咱们看看电视节目单上有什么节目。考点3知识点3Ihadahighfeverandcoughedalot,soMumtookmetothehospital.常见的“have+a＋名词”型短语havealook看一看haveatalk谈一谈haveatry试一试

havearest休息一下haveafever发烧haveahigh/lowfever发高/低烧cough/kɒf/vi.&n.咳嗽e.g.Coveryourmouthwhenyoucough.你咳嗽时要捂住嘴。Youcoughalot.你咳嗽得厉害。Shegavealittlecoughtoattractmyattention.她轻轻地咳嗽了一声以引起我的注意。Jason’sathomewithabadcough.贾森咳嗽得厉害,在家待着。考点4返回haveacough咳嗽n.咳嗽awful/'ɔːfl/adj.

糟糕的，很坏的e.g.Theweatherwasawfullastsummer.去年夏季天气真糟糕。Iamawfullysorrytowakeyouup.把你弄醒了，我感到非常抱歉。Icouldtellbythelookonherfacethatsomethingterriblehadhappened.从她的脸色我可以看出，发生了可怕的事情。考点5awfully作副词，意为“非常，极其”。知识点4Itwasanawfulday!awful的词形转换awful可怕的

awfullyterrible极其，非常可怕的；糟糕的adv.近义词返回考题：[武威、天水]—How’sthenewrestaurant—It’s_____.Wewaitedalongtimeforthefoodtoarrive.A.wonderful B.excitingC.difficult D.awfulD【点拨】用词义辨析法。根据问句句意“这家新饭店怎么样？”以及答语的后句句意“我们等了很长的时间食物才送到”，说明答语的前句句意是“它很糟糕”。精彩的令人激动的困难的糟糕的简单句的五种基本句型连系动词句型结构S+V+P（主+系+表）①连系动词be动词感官动词：look，sound，smell，taste表示“变化”的动词：become，get，grow，turn行为动词不及物动词句型结构:

S+V（主+谓）②及物动词句型结构:S+V+O（主+谓+宾）③S+V+IO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）④S+V+DO+OC（主+谓+直宾+宾补）⑤用于这个句型的动词是连系动词，表语用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态等。表语可以由名词、形容词、介词短语等充当。常见的连系动词有be（是），look（看上去），seem（似乎，好像），turn（变得），taste（尝起来）等。e.g.Theparklooksverybeautiful.这个公园看上去很美。考点1考题1：[内江]Thefoodintherestaurantisdelicious._______A.表语 B.宾语C.主语 D.谓语A【点拨】用句子分析法。画线部分形容词位于be动词之后，充当表语。返回用于这个句型的动词是不及物动词，不及物动词本身意思很完整，不需要带宾语。e.g.Thechildrenareplayinghappily.孩子们正玩得开心。考点2返回用于这个句型的动词是及物动词，及物动词的意思不完整，后面要带宾语才能表达完整的意思。e.g.Ilikemusic.我喜欢音乐。考点3考题2：[南京秦淮区二模]Whichofthefollowinghasadifferentsentencestructure_______A.Allthestudentslaughed.B.Peterisswimminginthepool.C.EddieiswatchingHobowork.D.Thetemperaturewilldropbelowzero.S+VS+VS+V+DO+OCS+VC返回用于这个句型的动词是及物动词，后面跟两个（双）宾语，一个指人（间接宾语），一个指物（直接宾语）。e.g.Mymotherboughtmeanewbookyesterday.=Mymotherboughtanewbookformeyesterday.昨天妈妈给我买了一本新书。考点4特别提醒:通常情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。如果直接宾语在前，需要在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。由介词to连接间接宾语的动词有：give，lend，pass，show，send，teach等。由介词for连接间接宾语的动词有：buy，find，get，make，leave等。考题3：[宿迁沭阳县模拟]Choosethecorrectstructureofthissentence“HegaveLauraapresent.”_______A．S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DOC．S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC【点拨】分析句子结构可知该句的主语为He，gave为及物动词在句中作谓语，Laura表示人在句中作间接宾语，apresent表示物在句中作直接宾语，故判断该句的结构为：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语，即S+V+IO+DO。B返回用于这个句型的动词是及物动词，其后的宾语可以跟宾语补足语来表明宾语的动作或状态，宾语补足语通常由形容词、名词性短语、动词的-ing形式、介词短语或动词不定式等充当。考点5考题4：Thequietmusicmakesmerelax._______A.宾语B.状语C.宾补D.定语【点拨】动词makes在句中充当谓语，me为宾语，而画线动词relax用来拓展资料说明宾语的动作，为宾语补足语。C(1)动词不定式作宾语补足语时通常分为以下三