教师资格认定考试初级中学英语真题2012年下半年

教师资格认定考试初级中学英语真题2012年下半年一、选择题

在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案。1.

______RiverGangesisthemostsacredriver（江南博哥）toHindusandisalsoalifelinetomillionsofIndianswholivealongitscourseanddependonitfortheirdailyneeds.A.TheB./C.AD.An正确答案：A[解析]考查冠词用法。RiverGanges“恒河”，它属于江河湖海这一类名词，前面要加定冠词the，故选A。

2.

ThisisthefirsttimeI______hersing,andIhopeitisthelast.A.hearB.hadheardC.heardD.haveheard正确答案：D[解析]考查固定句型。Thisis/wasthefirst(second,third...)timethat...结构，后面的谓语动词要用现在完成时/过去完成时。句中出现了is，需用现在完成时，故选D。

3.

______Kellylikestosing,hertwinsisterpreferstodance.A.AsB.WhileC.SinceD.Although正确答案：B[解析]考查连词用法。句意为“凯利喜欢唱歌，______她的双胞胎妹妹喜欢跳舞”。while在此作连词，表示对比，意为“然而”。故选B。

4.

Beingadirectrelativeofthedeceased,herclaimtotheestatewas______.A.optionalB.compulsoryC.legitimateD.prominent正确答案：C[解析]考查形容词辨析。句意为“作为死者的直系亲属，她继承遗产是______”。optional意为“可选择的”，compulsory意为“义务的”，legitimate意为“合法的，正当的”，prominent意为“突出的，显著的”。根据句意可知应是“合法的”，故选C。

5.

Thelexicalrelationbetweenclampandmoistis______.A.synonymyB.antonymyC.hyponymyD.homonymy正确答案：A[解析]考查语义学知识。synonymy意为“同义关系”，antonymy意为“反义关系”，hyponymy意为“上下位关系”，homonymy意为“同音异义”。damp和moist都有“潮湿的”之意，应为同义关系，故选A。

6.

ThemodeofoperationinpassinglawsintheU.S.Congresshasmany______,butthereisnoattemptbeingmadetoimproveit.A.optionsB.solutionsC.advantagesD.drawbacks正确答案：D[解析]考查名词辨析。句意为“美国议会中制定法律的模式有很多的______，但没人设法去改进”。option意为“选择”，solution意为“解决方案”，advantage意为“优势，特点”，drawback意为“缺点，弊端”。根据句意此处意在表达“有很多弊端”，故选D。

7.

WhichofthefollowingsetsofEnglishsoundsdiffersonlyinonedistinctivefeature?

A.

B.

C.

D.正确答案：C[解析]考查语音学知识。选项C中的四个音均为摩擦音，只是前两个是清音，后两个是浊音。故选C。

8.

Whichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribesthewordstress?A.Origin,Original,OriginalityB.oRigin,oRiginal,originalityC.Origin,original,origiNalityD.origin,original,Originality正确答案：C[解析]考查重音知识。，对比它们的音标可知，C项正确，故选C。

9.

Inattemptingtoinvestigatethecomplexnatureofsecondlanguagelearning,wehavetoappealtoideasnotonlyfromlinguisticanalysis,butfromallthefollowingfieldsExcept______.A.educationB.psychologyC.sociologyD.mythology正确答案：D[解析]考查二语习得知识。education意为“教育学”，psychology意为“心理学”，sociology意为“社会学”，mythology意为“神话学”。“神话学”是指关于神话故事的科学研究，与二语习得无关，故选D。

10.

Whichofthefollowingisaslipoftongue?A.Blackshoes.B.Blackholes.C.Blackbloxes.D.Blackboxes.正确答案：C[解析]考查语言中的口误现象。题干句意为“以下哪一个属于口误?”A、B、D三项都不是口误，C项想表达的是黑色的盒子，即blackboxes，属于口误，故选C。

11.

Ateacherhandedoutalistoftwenty"if"sentencesandaskedstudentstodiscussandfindoutthegrammaticalrules.Whatistheteacher'sgrammarteachingmethod?A.Deduction.B.Presentation.C.Consolidation.D.Induction.正确答案：D[解析]考查语法教学方法。归纳法是教师给出一定数量具有某一语法特征的句子，让学生通过观察、比较，最后找出这一语法特征。A项意为“演绎法”，B项意为“描述法”，C项意为“巩固法”，D项意为“归纳法”。故选D。

12.

Whenyoufocuson"utterancefunction"and"expectedresponse"byusingexampleslike"apology/acceptance,inform/acknowledge",youareprobablyteachinglanguageatthe______.A.lexicallevelB.discourselevelC.storylevelD.grammaticallevel正确答案：B[解析]考查英语教学方式。A项意为“词汇上”，B项意为“语篇上”，C项意为“故事上”，D项意为“语法上”。根据题干表述可知，通过apology(道歉)/acceptance(接受)，inform(通知)/acknowledge(收到)的例子来集中探讨“言语功能”以及“期待反应”时，属于语篇的教学。故选B。

13.

AskingstudentstoexplainnewwordsinatextwithknownwordsisNOTanactof______.A.elicitationB.reinforcementC.managementD.production正确答案：D[解析]考查词汇教学。用已知的词解释未知的词，是一种启发式的词汇教学法，是对已知词义的加强和对已有知识的运用，而不是生成。

14.

Whichofthefollowingisanaccuracy-orientedspeakingactivity?A.Identifyingparticularphonemesonthetape.B.Actingouttherolesintheclassroom.C.Greetingpeopleinformallyinpairs.D.Havingdiscussioningroups.正确答案：A[解析]考查口语教学。A项意为“识别录音中的特殊语音”，B项意为“在课堂上扮演不同的角色”，C项意为“两人一组用非正式的方式打招呼”，D项意为“分组讨论”。识别录音中的特殊语音属于听力的准确性，故选A。

15.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTasuitablepre-listeningactivity?A.Writingasimilartext.B.Discussingarelevantpicture.C.Writingquestionsaboutthetopic.D.Learningvocabulariesaboutthetopic.正确答案：A[解析]考查听力教学。A项意为“写一篇相关的文章”，B项意为“讨论相关的图片”，C项意为“写与话题相关的问题”，D项意为“学习与话题相关的单词”。听前活动指的是在听材料之前让学生做好听音准备的各种教学活动。一般有学习新单词、观看相关图片、提出启发性问题或介绍相关背景知识等活动。写一篇相关的文章，时间太长，不属于听前准备活动。故选A。

16.

Writingexercisessuchascompletion,reproduction,compression,andtranslationaremainlythetypeofexercisesusedin______.A.imitativewritingB.guidedwritingC.freewritingD.creativewriting正确答案：A[解析]考查写作教学。写作练习，例如完形，复制，压缩，转换，这些主要都是模仿式写作的练习步骤。故选A。

17.

Student:I'mverydown.Mydadgetseriouslyilllastweek,andI'm...

Teacher:No.Notget.Saygotbecauseit'sinthepast.

Theconversationaboveshowsthattheteacher______.A.focusesonaccuracyonlyB.lackedconfidenceinthestudentC.hadagoodrapportwiththestudentD.failedtounderstandwhatthestudentsaid正确答案：A[解析]考查课堂纠错方式。根据题干表述可知，该教师只强调了表述的准确性，而没有对学生提供的其他信息做出应有的回应。故选A。

18.

Ifateachergetsanincorrectanswerfromstudents,itismostappropriateforhimorhertosay"______"inordertoencouragethem.A.No.Idon'tlikeyouranswers.B.Nonsense,itisnotwhatIwant!C.Youranswerisfarbeyondthepoint.D.Youmissedthepoint,butI'mgladyoumentionedanotherpoint.正确答案：D[解析]考查课堂纠错方式。D项意为“虽然你没有答出要点，但是我很高兴听到其他的观点”，符合文意，故选D。

19.

Whenastudentsaidinclass,"Igoedthereyesterday."theteacherresponded,"Sayitagain,please."Theresponseisanexampleof______.A.recastB.modificationC.positivefeedbackD.postponedfeedback正确答案：B[解析]考查教学反馈。recast意为“重述”，modification意为“修正，修改”，positivefeedback意为“积极反馈”，postponedfeedback意为“延时反馈”。教师让学生把错误的句子重说一遍，是希望他进行修改。故选B。

20.

Whenstudentsengageingroupwork,theteachermovesaroundtoprovidehelpifnecessaryandmakesuretheyaredoingthetaskproperly.Thisiscalled______.A.instructingB.observingC.monitoringD.evaluating正确答案：A[解析]考查课堂活动中教师的角色。A项意为“引导”，B项意为“观察”，C项意为“监督”，D项意为“评价”。学生在参与小组活动时，教师在四周走动，必要时可以提供帮助，以确保学生们正确地完成任务，这种方式是“引导”。故选A。

Coastsmarktheareawheredrylandmeetsoceansorotherlargebodiesofwater.TheyareoneofthemostactiveenvironmentsfoundonEarth.Thecoastallandscapeisever-changing.Itreflectstheconflictingprocessesoferosionanddeposition.ItisalandscapethatisaffectedbytheinteractionsoftheEarth,theMoon,andtheSun.

Coastsareamongthemostbeautifulandinspiringlandscapesontheplanet,whethertheyarescenesoftorrentialstormsorserenecalm.Throughoutrecordedhistory,humanshavesoughttoliveonornearcoasts.Althoughcoastsaccountforonly10percentofEarth'slandsurface,theyserveashometotwothirdsoftheworld'shumanpopulation.

Coastsandshore,coastlineandshoreline,arecommonlyusedinplaceofeachother.Technically,theyaredifferentareasalongacoastallandscape.Thelinethatmarkstheboundarybetweenwaterandlandistheshoreline.Itconstantlyfluctuatesbecauseoftheregularactionofwavesandtides.Theshoreisthatstripofgroundborderingabodyofwaterthatisalternatelycoveredorexposedbywavesortides.Theboundariesoftheshorearemarkedbytheshorelineatitsfarthestseaward(lowtide)andfarthestlandward(hightide).

TideistheperiodicrisingandfallingofwaterinoceansandotherlargebodiesofwaterinresponsetothegravitationalattractionoftheMoonandtheSunuponEarth.AlthoughtheSunislargerthantheMoon,theMoonisclosertoEarthand,therefore,itsgravitationalforceisapproximately2.2timesgreater.ThegravitationalpulloftheMooncreatestwotypesoftides:highandlow.AtidalbulgeoccursintheoceansonthesideofEarthnearesttheMoon,atthesametime,asecondtidalbulgeoccursontheoppositesideofEarth.ThissecondbulgeformsbecausetheforceoftheMoon'sgravitypullsthesolidbodyofEarthslightlyawayfromthewateronEarth'sfarside.Thesebuglesarehightides.Theareasbetweenthetidalbulgesexperiencelowtide.

AsEarthrotates,thetidesmoveoveritssurface.Ittakesapproximately24hoursand50minutesforagivenpointonEarthtomakeacompletecyclerelativetotheMoon,andtwolunartidalcyclesoccurduringthistime.Thus,theaveragetimebetweenhightidesis12hoursand25minutes.Thisisageneralizedexplanationoftides.TheydonotmoveevenlyandpredictablyoverEarth'ssurface.Variationsinthedepthoftheoceansandthedistributionoflandmassescombinewithotherfactorstoproducehighlycomplextidalbehavior.

Thecoastandcoastlinebeginwheretheshoreendsatitshightidemark(farthestlandward).Thelinebetweenthecoastandtheshoreathightideisthecoastline.Thecoastextendslandwardfromthecoastlinetothefirstmajorchangeinterrainfeatures,whichmaybemilesinland.Thiscouldbeahighlandoraforestorsomeothertypeofterrain.Sometimes,thechangebetweenthecoastandtheadjacentterrainisnotsodistinct.21.

AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutcoastallandscapeEXCEPT______.A.itisanareaofstagnancyB.itisanareaofcontinuouschangeC.itisanareaoferosionanddepositionD.itisanareashapedbytheinteractionoftheEarth,theMoon,andtheSun正确答案：A[解析]根据文章第一段最后三句话可以判断它是一个持续变化、被腐蚀和沉积、同时受地球、月亮和太阳之间互相影响的地方。选项A表达的意思是海岸景观是停止不动的，与文中表达意思矛盾，所以A项不正确。

22.

Howmanypeopleliveonornearcoasts?A.About10percentofhumanpopulation.B.About25percentofhumanpopulation.C.About67percentofhumanpopulation.D.About75percentofhumanpopulation.正确答案：C[解析]根据文章第二段最后一句中的twothirds判断，大约67%的人住在沿海地区或临近海的地区。

23.

Theunderlinedword"fluctuate"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.forecastB.alterC.stableD.strike正确答案：B[解析]该词所在句子表达的意思为“它受海浪和潮汐作用而经常______”。forecast意为“预报，预测”，alter意为“改变，更改”，stable意为“使稳定，使牢固”，strike意为“打，撞击”。其中最能使句子表述合理的是B项。

24.

ThegravitationalforceoftheSunandtheMoonuponEarthdependson______.A.theirsizeB.theirweightC.theirdistancetoEarthD.thedepthoftheoceans正确答案：C[解析]根据文章第四段中的第二句“AlthoughtheSunislargerthantheMoon.TheMoonisclosertoEarthand,therefore,itsgravitationalforceisapproximately2.2timesgreater.”判断可知，地球对太阳和月球的引力大小是由它们与地球之间的距离决定的。

25.

Onelunartidalcyclelasts______.A.24hoursand50minutesB.12hoursand25minutesC.amonthD.halfamonth正确答案：B[解析]根据文章第五段的第二句“Ittakesapproximately24hoursand50minutes...andtwolunartidalcyclesoccurduringthistime.”判断可知，一次月潮持续12小时25分钟。

Respectisnotincludedinthemarriagevows.Noillustratedbooksshowhowtoachieveit.Andyetitiscentraltoalasting,satisfyingmarriage.

Whatisthisthingcalledrespect?Itisnotthesameasadmiration."Whenyoufallinlove,youadmiretheother."saysDr.AlexanderSymonds,associateclinicalprofessorofpsychiatryattheNewYorkUniversitySchoolofMedicine,"Youlookuptosomeone—muchthewayachildidealizesaparent".

Suchromanticadmirationthrivesandevendependsontheillusionthatheorsheis"perfectforyou."That'swhyitdoesn'tlast.Youcometoseethatthepersonyoumarriedisn'texactlywhatyouexpected,"saysFrancineGaborone,"Therearedifferencesofpersonality,ofapproachestolife,differentwaysofdoingthings".

Youcantrytochangeyourmatebackintoyourfantasy.Butforthemarriagetolastandgrowit'sbettertoagreetodisagree,tolearntoleteachotherbe.Onlybytakingthispathcanyoubegintodeveloprealrespecttowardeachother.

"Ihaveonepatientwhosehusbandlovessports,especiallytennis,"saysDr.Symonds."Shewouldprefertogotothetheatre,ortostayathomeandread.Shecouldsimplysay,'Wehavedifferenttastes.'Instead,shesays,'Howcanhewastehistimeandmoneythatway?'Sheputshimdown."

Theput-downisthechiefsymptom—andweapon—oflackofrespect,orcontempt."Contemptistheworstkindofemotion."saysSymonds."Youfeeltheotherpersonhasnoworth."

We'veallseenmarriagesinwhichoneorbothpartnersattacktheotherquitesavagelyintheguiseof"It'sforyourowngood."Any"good"isundonebythehostiletone.Awifenagsherhusbandtobemoreambitiousandmakeshimfeellikeafailurebecausehepreferscraftsmanshiporcommunityprojectstothecompetitivebusinessworld.Orahusbandaccuseshiswifeofwastingtimewhenevershegetstogetherwithafriend:"Whyisn'tshedoingsomethingproductive?"

Ingoodmarriagepartnersnurtureeachother'sself-esteem.Theymayexperiencehumorousincomprehensionofoneanother'spreferences,buttheynevermaketheirlovedpersonfeellikeanidiot."Marty'sideaofavacationistogodowntobasementonasunnydayandspendtimewood-working,"saysDr.AlexanderSymondsofherhusband,psychiatristandsurgeonMartinSymonds.

Butthere'sfondnessinthegibesandfirmsupportfortheother'srighttobehimself.Respectisexpressedinwordslike,"Sure,I'llcomewithyou.Justdon'tbemadifIfallasleep."

That'stheparadoxofagoodmarriage:onlybyrespectingeachotherasyouaredoyouopenthedoortochange.Therootmeaningofthewordrespectis"tolookat".Respectisaclearyetlovingeye.Itseeswhatisthere,butitalsoseeswhatispotentiallythereandhelpsbringittofruition.Respectistheartoflovebywhichmarriedcoupleshonorwhatisuniqueandbestineachother.26.

Accordingtotheauthor,respect______.A.meansacceptingeachother'sfaultsB.meansvaluingeachother'sdifferencesC.shouldbeincludedinthemarriagevowsD.isasimportanttoasatisfyingmarriageasadmiration正确答案：B[解析]由文章第四段内容可知，尊重意味着接受和珍惜两个人各自的特点及不同，故选B。

27.

Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemostharmfultoamarriage?A.Admirationofyourpartner.B.Idealizationofyourpartner.C.Contemptofyourpartner.D.Disillusionofyourpartner.正确答案：C[解析]根据文章第六段第二句“Contemptistheworstkindofemotion”可知，轻视伴侣对婚姻是最有害的。

28.

Theunderlinedphrase"agreetodisagree"inParagraph4meansthat______.A.oneshouldrealizethatnotwopeoplearethesameB.oneshouldbekeentofindouthisorherpartner'smeritsC.oneshouldfacetherealitythathisorherpartnerisnotaperfectpersonD.oneshouldrealizethatheorsheshouldappreciatedifferencesonthepartofhisorherpartner正确答案：C[解析]画线部分意为“同意(彼此的)不同点”，即他/她应面对他/她的伴侣并非一个完美的人的事实，故选C。

29.

Thepassagesuggeststhatifyourespectyourpartner,youwill______.A.helphimorhertoimproveB.changeyourselftotoleratehimorherC.changehimorherintowhatyouexpectD.showyourincomprehensionofhishobbiesinahumorousway正确答案：D[解析]根据文章倒数第三段第一、二句“Ingoodmarriage...self-esteem.Theymayexperiencehumorousincomprehensionofoneanother'spreferences...”可知，文章建议如果你尊重你的伴侣，你可以用幽默的方式化解对伴侣爱好的不理解。

30.

Theunderlinedword"undone"inParagraph7suggeststhat______.A.whatyousaidreversedwhatyoumeantB.whatyousaidwasnotwhatyoumeantC.whatyousaidmeantnothingtoyourpartnerD.whatyousaidfailedtotouchtheheartofyourpartner正确答案：A[解析]根据文意，画线部分在原句中意为“用充满敌意的语气说话，任何‘好的事情’都会被毁灭、误解”，即说的话和想表达的本意相反。故选A。

二、简答题

根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。1.

“MyfriendspeaksverywellEnglish.”是某学生的语误。简述这句话所要表达的意图，指出该语误可能存在的两个问题，并写出至少两种正确的表达方式。正确答案：(1)这句话所要表达的意思为“我的朋友英语讲得非常好”。

(2)该语误可能存在的两个问题：

一是认为副词修饰动词时，应紧跟动词；

二是受到汉语思维的影响，认为修饰语应放在中心语的前面。

(3)正确的表达方式：

MyfriendspeaksEnglishverywell.

Myfriend'soralEnglishisgood.

三、教学情境分析题

根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。下面是某教师在语音教学中使用的练习：

任务要求：根据该教师设计的练习回答下列问题。1.

分析其教学目标。正确答案：教学目标：

知识目标

①掌握同音词的正确发音：ship，sheep；slip，sleep；live，leave；

②掌握现在进行时的结构：be动词+v-ing。

能力目标：学生能将所学单词与语法运用于日常交往中。

情感态度目标：学生能够养成乐于与他人交谈的习惯。

2.

分析其设计思路。正确答案：设计思路：

该教师设计的语音教学练习重点放在了听力理解和语法规则上，采用听录音的方式，教会学生正确掌握目标单词的发音；采用现在完成时的例句形式，教会学生用现在进行时表达生活中的场景和情感。该教师考虑到了英语语音中国音的这一现象，并通过例句进行语音教学，可以进一步提高学生对英语的学习热情，增强英语学习的兴趣。例句引用的都是现在进行时的句子，能够强化和巩固学生已学过的时态知识，但是这种形式比较单一，教师可以组织学生讨论已学过的同音词，另外还可以考虑从多个角度设计练习。

四、教学设计题

根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。1.

设计任务：根据下列学生信息和语言素材，设计一节英语听说课的教学方案。该方案应突出以下要点：

●teachingobjectives

●teachingcontents

●keyanddifficultpoints

●majorstepsandtimeallocation

●activitiesandjustifications

教学时间：45分钟

学生概况：某城镇普通中学八年级(初中二年级)学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。

语言素材：

正确答案：[参考设计]

TeachingContents:Thislisteningandspeakingclassisaboutaskingandintroducingtravelexperiences.

TeachingObjectives:

(1)Knowledgeobjective

Studentswillbeabletograspthenewwords,masterthesentencepattern"Haveyoueverbeento...?/Ihaveneverbeento..."anduseittointroducetheirtravelexperience.

(2)Abilityobjective

Studentscandeveloptheirabilityofindependentthinkingandcooperationthroughindividualwork,pairworkandgroupwork.

(3)Emotionalobjective

Studentscanenhancem