职称英语理工类a级模拟59

职称英语理工类A级模拟59

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为

接近的选项。

1>Wemustharnesstheskillandcreativityofourworkforce.

A.convertB.store

C.utilizeD.receive

2、Ifthesymptomspersist,consultyourdoctor.

A.insistB.persevere

C.continueD.resist

3、Thismodelembodiesmanynewfeatures.

A.consistsofB.includes

C.makesupD.marks

4、Manydiseasescanbecuredbyorthodoxmedicaltreatment.

A.acceptableB.conservative

C.westernD.conventional

5、Theresultwasasensational4：1victory.

A.sexyB.surprising

C.exceptionalD.thrilling

6、"That1soutrageous!nheprotested.

A.unheardofB.unacceptable

C.unbe1ievab1eD.ridiculous

7、TheyDostulateda500-yearlifespanforaplasticcontainer.

A.challengedB.assumed

C.deductedD.decreed

8、Onlythoseover70areeligibleforthespecialpayment.

A.encouragedB.enforced

C.expectedD.entitled

9、Mylegstrembledwithfear.

A.weptB.cried

C.quiveredD.ran

10>Shetriedtomakeupforhershabbytreatmentofhim.

A.unforgettableB.shoddy

C.unbelievableD.unthinkable

11>Sheisveryingeniouswhenitcomestofindingexcuses.

A.effectiveB.clever

C.implausibleD.original

12>Takevigorousexerciseforseveralhoursaweek.

A.hot-temperedB.energetic

C.friendlyD.patient

13>Oneofthebiggestreasonsisthattheculturalbiasischanging.

A.adherenceB.emphasis

C.prejudiceD.effect

14、Theagreementwasterminatedimmediately.

A.resumedB.putanendto

C•suspendedD.re-scheduled

15>Lackofmoneywillhaveanadverseeffectonourresearchprogramme.

A.delayedB.quick

C.positiveD.unfavorable

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句

提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信

息文中没有提及，请选择C。

PlantsinDesert

Onlyspecialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesert,forthese

areregionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75℃.

Furthermorezduringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotect

plantsfromthesun1sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequently

strongwindsthatdrivesmallzsharpparticlesofsandintotheplants,tearing

anddamagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlife,

however,isthefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdays

orweeksinspring.

Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyeartothenextbyexisting

throughthelong,hotzdryseasonintheformofseeds.Theseseedsremain

inactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorainfalls,orif

insufficientrainfalls,theywaituntilthenextyear,orevenstillthe

next.Anotherfactorthathelpstheseplantstosurviveisthefactthattheir

lifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethewaterfromthespringrainsdisappears-just

afewweeksafteritfalls—suchplantsnolongerneedany.

Theperennials（多年生植物）havespecialfeaturesthatenablethemtosurvive

asplantsforseveralyears.Thusznearlyalldesertperennialshaveextensive

rootsystemsbelowgroundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.Thelarge

rootnetworkenablestheplanttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleinshort

time.Thesmallshootsystem,ontheotherhand,considerablylimitswater

lossbyevaporation（蒸发）.

Anotherfeatureofmanyperennialsisthataftertherainyseasonthey

losetheirleavesinpreparationforthelong,dryseason,justastreesin

wetterclimateslosetheirsinpreparationforthewinter.Thisreducestheir

waterlossbyevaporationduringthedryseason.Then,innextrainyseason,

theycomefullyaliveoncemore,andgrownewbranches,leavesandflowersz

justasthegrassesandflowersindesertdo.

16>Ordinaryplantsareunabletosurviveinthedesertmainlybecauseof

thechangeableweather.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Grassesandflowersindesertareabletosurvivebecausetheystayin

theformofseedstowaitfortherightamountofwatertocome.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Grassesandflowersinthedesertwhoselifecyclesareshortshowtheir

abilitytoadapttothequickdisappearanceofrainwaterthereafteritfalls

inspring.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Winteristhetoughestseasonforthegrassesandflowerstosurvive.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Theshootsystemofperennialscanhelptheplantsabsorblessofthe

sun*sray.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Thethemeofthesecondlastparagraphiswhytheperennialscansurvive

asplantsforseveralyears.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Desertperennialslosetheirleavesaftertherainyseasonjustastrees

inwetterclimateslosetheirsbecausewinterarrives,butthereasonsfor

thisfeaturearedifferent.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：⑴第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中第2〜5段每段

选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选

项。

EarthAngels

1JoyingBresciawas8yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts

（烟头）werelitteringherhometownbeachinIsleofPalms,SouthCarolina.

Whenshelearnedthatittakesfiveyearsfortheremainsofacigaretteto

disintegrate（解体）,shedecidedtotakeaction.Joyinglauncheda"NoButts

ontheBeach"campaign.Sheraisedmoneyandawarenessabouttheneedtokeep

thebeachesclean.Withthehelpofothers,Joyingalsoboughtorreceived

donationsofgallon-sizeplasticice-creambuckets.Thebucketswerefilled

withsand,andplacedatallpublic-accessareasofthebeach.Thebuckets

allowedpeopletodisposeoftheircigarettesbeforehittingthebeach.Two

yearslater,Joyingsaysthebucketsarefullandthebeachisnearlyfree

ofcigarettedebris（残片）.

2PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSprings,Colorado,haveCarter

Dunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresof

marshlandandmanyspeciesofwildlife.Carterandotherstudentswrotea

managementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.Theplanwaspartof

aclassprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool.

WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifezCarterandhisclassmates

mappedtheareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisions

about,amongotherthingszwherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.

3BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaprojectfor

their4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroilto

killweedsontheirfarminVictoria,Texas.Theydidsomeresearchanddiscovered

thatoilcancontaminategroundwater—arealdanger,inruralareas,where

peopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaystorecycle

oilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.Now,the"Don11

BeCrudeHprogramrunsoil-collectionsites—tanksthatholdupto460

gallons—wherepeopleinthecommunitycandisposeoftheiroil.

4Fiveyearsago,11-year-oldRyanHreljacwasalittleboywithabig

dreamforallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdream

beganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausethey

didn*thavecleanwater,andthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell."We

n

reallytakewaterforgranted,saysRyan,ofKemptviliezOntario,inCanada.

"Inothercountries,youhavetoplanforit.HRyanearnedthefirst$70by

doingextrachores（零工）,butwiththehelpofothers,hehassinceraised

hundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyan*s

WellFoundation,whichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealth-relatedservices

forpeopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.

23、Paragraph1

A.ProvideCleanWater

B.DigOilWells

C.SaveCleanWater

D.Don*tLitter

E.Don*tBeCrude

F.ProtectWildlife

24、Paragraph2

25>Paragraph3

26>Paragraph4

27、Joyingplacedthebucketsatallpublic-accessareasto.

A.makenewmaterials

B.preservewetlandandanimals

C.havecleanair

D.havecleanwater

E.collectcigarettebutts

F.collectdisposedoil

28、PeoplearegratefultoCarterDunhamforhiseffortsto.

29、Disposedoilandmanyotheritemscanbereusedto.

30>Ryan,withthehelpofothers,isfulfillinghisdreamofhelpingAfrican

peopleto.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

箪——笛

RenewableEnergySources

Todaypetroleumprovidesaround40%oftheworld*senergyneeds,mostly

fuellingautomobiles.Coalisstillused,mostlyinpowerstationsztocover

one-quarterofourenergyneeds,butitistheleastefficient,unhealthiest

andmostenvironmentallydamagingfossilfuel.Naturalgasreservescould

plug（填补）someofthegapfromoil,butreservesofthatwillnotlastinto

the22ndcenturyeither.Mostexpertspredictwewillexhausteasilyaccessible

reserveswithin50years.Wecouldfastreachanenergycrisis.Weneedto

rapidlydevelopsustainablesolutionstofuelourfuture.Less-polluting

renewableenergysourcesofferamorepracticallong-termenergysolution.

Theymaybenefittheworld*spoortoo.*'RenewableHreferstothefactthat

theseresourcesarenotusedfasterthantheycanbereplaced.

TheChineseandRomansusedwatermillsover2z000yearsago.Butthefirst

hydroelectricdamwasbuiltinEnglandin1870.Hydroelectricpowerisnow

themostcommonformofrenewableenergy,supplyingaround20%ofworld

electricity.China1sThreeGorgesDam,whichhasjustbeencompleted,isthe

largestever.AtfivetimesthesizeoftheUS*sHooverDam,its26turbines

（涡轮机）willgeneratetheequivalentenergyof18coal-firedpowerstations.

Itwillsatisfy3%ofChina1sentireelectricitydemand.

In2003,thefirstcommercialpowerstationtoharnesstidalcurrentsin

theopenseaopenedinNorway.Itisdesignedlikewindmill,butotherstake

theformofturbines.

Aspricesfall,windpowerhasbecomethefastestgrowingtypeofelectricity

generation—quadruplingworldwidebetween1999and2005.Modemwindfarms

consistofturbinesthatgenerateelectricity.Thoughitwillbemoreexpensive,

thereismorethanenoughwindtoprovidetheworld1sentireenergyneeds.

Windfarmscomeinonshoreandoffshoreforms.Theycanoftenendupatspots

ofnaturalbeauty,andareoftenunpopularwithresidents.Andturbinesare

nottotallybenign—theycaninterferewithradarandleaveasignificant

ecologicalfootprintzalteringclimateandkillingseabirds.Migratingbirds

mayhavemoreluckavoidingthem.ScotlandisbuildingEurope1slargestwind

farm,whichwillpower200,000homes.TheUK'sgoalistogenerateone-fifth

ofpowerfromrenewablesources,mainlywind,by2020.Butthismaycause

problems,becausewindisunreliable.

31、Whataretheenergyresourcesthatarenotrenewableaccordingtothe

article?

A.Petroleumandcoal.B.Naturalgas.

C.Windandwater.D.AandB.

32、China1sThreeGorgesDam.

A.isthefirsthydroelectricdamintheworld

B.isofthesamesizeoftheUS1sHooverDam

C.isthelargestofallthehydroelectricdamsintheworld

D.suppliesaround20%oftheworldelectricity

33、Whichisthecountrywiththefirstcommercialpowerstationthatmakes

useofoceancurrentsproducedbytides?

A.China.B.Norway.

C.England.D.America.

34、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofwindpower?

A.Thereisplentyofwindtoprovidetheworld1sentireenergyneeds.

B.Itisthemostrapidlygrowingtypeofelectricityproduction.

C.Itmaynotbereliable.

D・Alloftheabove.

35、Accordingtothearticle,resourcessuchaswind.

A.aresustainablebutnotreplaceable

B.arerenewablesosustainable

C.aresustainablesorenewable

D.areirreplaceable

弟一^扁

TheBiologyofMusic

Humansusemusicasapowerfulwaytocommunicate.Itmayalsoplayan

importantroleinlove.Butwhatismusiczandhowdoesitworkitsmagic?

Sciencedoesnotyethavealltheanswers.

Whataretwothingsthatmakehumansdifferentfromanimals?Oneislanguage,

andtheotherismusic.Itistruethatsomeanimalscansing（andmanybirds

singbetterthanalotofpeople）.However,thesongsofanimalszsuchas

birdsandwhales,areverylimited.Itisalsotruethathumans,notanimals,

havedevelopedmusicalinstruments.

Musicisstrangestuff.Itisclearlydifferentfromlanguage.However,

peoplecanusemusictocommunicatethings—especiallytheiremotions.When

musiciscombinedwithspeechinasong,itisaverypowerfulformof

communication.Butzbiologicallyspeaking,whatismusic?

Ifmusicistrulydifferentfromspeech,thenweshouldprocessmusicand

languageindifferentpartsofthebrain.Thescientificevidencesuggests

thatthisistrue.

Sometimespeoplewhosufferbraindamagelosetheirabilitytoprocess

language.However,theydon*tautomatically（自动土也）losetheirmusical

abilities.Forexample,VissarionShebalin,aRussiancomposer,hadastroke

（中风）in1953.Itinjuredtheleftsideofhisbrain.Hecouldnolongerspeak

orunderstandspeech.Hecould,however,stillcomposemusicuntilhisdeath

tenyearslater.Ontheotherhand,sometimesstrokescausepeopletolose

theirmusicalability,buttheycanstillspeakandunderstandspeech.This

showsthatthebrainprocessesmusicandlanguageseparately.

Bystudyingthephysicaleffectsofmusiconthebody,scientistshave

alsolearnedalotabouthowmusicinfluencestheemotions.Butwhydoesmusic

havesuchastrongeffectonus?Thatisaharderquestiontoanswer.Geoffrey

Miller,aresearcheratUniversityCollege,London,thinksthatmusicand

lovehaveastrongconnection.Musicrequiresspecialtalent,practice,and

*physicalability.That*swhyitmaybeawayofshowingyourfitnesstobe

someone*smate.Forexample,singingintuneorplayingamusicalinstrument

requiresfinemuscularcontrol.Youalsoneedagoodmemorytorememberthe

notes（音符）.Andplayingorsingingthosenotescorrectlysuggeststhatyour

hearingisinexcellentcondition.Finally,whenamansingstothewoman

heloves（orviceversa）,itmaybeawayofshowingoff.

However,Miller*stheorystilldoesn*texplainwhycertaincombinations

ofsoundsinfluenceouremotionssodeeply.Forscientists,thisisclearly

anareathatneedsfurtherresearch.

36、MusiccanNOTbeused.

A.asanefficientwaytocommunicate

B.asaneffectivetooltoperformmagictricks

C.tosuccessfullyseekafteralover

D.toinfluencetheemotionsofhumans

37、Humansaredifferentfromanimalsbecause.

A.theyhavedifferentlanguagesandmusic

B.theyhavedifferentlanguagesandcommunications

C.theyhavedifferentsongsandlanguages

D.theyhavedifferentmusicandsongs

38、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Peoplewholosetheirabilitytoprocesslanguagealsolosetheirmusical

abilities.

B.Peoplewhoinjuretheleftsidesoftheirbrainscanspeakandunderstand

music.

C.Peoplewhoinjuretheleftsidesoftheirbrainscan11composemusic.

D.Peopleusedifferentpartsoftheirbrainstoprocessmusicandlanguage.

39、Theauthordoesn1tsuggestthat

A.musicrequiresspecialtalent

B.musicrequirespractice

C.musicrequirespsychologicalability

D.musicrequiresphysicalability

40、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Whatarethedifferencesofhumanmusicandanimalmusic.

B.Whatarethedifferencesofhumanlanguageandanimallanguage.

C.Whatismusicintheaspectofbiology.

D.Whatismusicintheaspectofzoology.

Hack

Thefirstbig-namehackersincludedSteveWozniak,BillGatesandLinus

Torvaldszallnowhighlyrecognizablenamesbehindmanyofthecomputer

technologiesusedtoday.Theseearlyhackershadaloveoftechnologyand

acompellingneedtoknowhowitallworked,andtheirgoalwastopushprograms

beyondwhattheyweredesignedtodo.Backthen,thewordhackerdidn*thave

thenegativeconnotationithastoday.Theoriginalhackerethic,rootedout

ofsimplecuriosityandaneedtobechallenged,appearstobedead.

Theobjectivesofearlyhackersareafarcryfromthegoalsoftoday1s

hackers.Themotivationofthenewbreedofhackersappearsnottobecuriosity,

orahungerforknowledge,asitusedtobe.Instead,mostoftoday1shackers

aredrivenbygreed,power,revengezorsomeothermaliciousintent,treating

hackingasagameorsport,employingthetoolsthatarereadilyavailable

viatheInternet.

Therateofsecurityattacksisactuallyoutpacingthegrowthoftheinternet.

ThismeansthatsomethingbesidesthegrowthoftheInternetisdrivingthe

riseinsecurityattacks.Herearesomerealitiesyoushouldknowabout：

Operatingsystemsandapplicationswillneverbesecure.Newvulnerabilities

willbeintroducedintoyourenvironmenteveryday.Andevenifyoueverdo

getoneoperatingsystemsecure,therewillbenewoperatingsystemswith

newvulnerabilities—phones,wirelessdevices,andnetworkappliances.

Employeeswillneverkeepupwithsecuritypoliciesandawareness.Itdoesn11

matterhowmuchyoutrainandeducateyouremployees.Ifyouremployeesdisregard

warningsaboutthehazardsofopeningquestionablee-mailattachments,how

areyougoingtoeducatethemaboutproperlyconfiguringfirewallsandintrusion

detectionsystemsfortheirPCs?Managershavemoreresponsibilitythanever.

Andontopoftherealitieslistedabovezsecuritymanagersarebeingasked

tosupportincreasingdegreesofnetworkavailabilityandaccess.Thereare

somegoodsecuritymeasuresyoucantake：Employalayer7zfull-inspection

firewall.Automaticallyupdateyouranti-virusatthegateway,serverand

client.Keepallofyoursystemsandapplicationsupdated.Hackerscommonly

breakintoawebsitethroughknownsecurityholeszsomakesureyourservers

andapplicationsarepatchedanduptodate.Turnoffunnecessarynetwork

services.Eliminateallunneededprograms.Scannetworkforcommonbackdoor

services—useintrusiondetectionsystems,vulnerabilityscans,anti-rims

p