专题04 记叙文类写作（讲义）（解析版）

专题04记叙文类写作(讲义)目录TOC\o"1-3"\p""\h\z\u考点记叙文类写作-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页考向1考查新闻报道类----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页考向2考查叙事短文类----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页考向3考查人物描写类----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3页【核心提炼·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3页(一)新闻报道-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3页(二)叙事短文-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页(三)人物描写--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5页(四)日记/周记-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5页【题型特训·命题预测】--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6页预测考向1新闻报道类-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6页预测考向2考查叙事短文类-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页预测考向3考查人物描写类-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8页预测考向4考查日记----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页考点04记叙类写作考情分析：分析2020-2024年新高考记叙文类写作考向分布。试卷类型年份体裁话题2020·全国Ⅰ卷2020写一篇记叙文类短文身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人2020·全国Ⅱ卷2020写一篇记叙文类短文记叙一次采摘活动新高考I/II卷2020新闻报道介绍学校越野赛跑活动命题规律新高考会改变“相对固化的命题模式”，应用文写作的体裁越来越不局限于单纯的书信等应用文体。①新闻报道、②叙事短文、③人物描写、④日记在近几年新高考卷和全国卷中有所呈现。对于各种文体的写作，在备考中要做好充分的准备。命题预测高考记叙文类写作包括①新闻报道、②叙事短文、③人物描写、④日记。根据近几年的高考命题分析，新闻报道和日记是高考最可能出现的体裁。考向1考查新闻报道类(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:1.参加人员:2.跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下:3.活动反响。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右:2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ACross-CountryRunningRace________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【精彩范文】ACross-CountryRunningRaceLastSundaywitnessedanextraordinarycross-countryrunningrace,whichnearlydrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacherofourschool.Thestudentsselectedfromeveryclasstookpartinthecompetition.Theroutemeasuredfivekilometers,fromourschoolgatetothefootofNanshanMountain.Everyrunnertriedtheirbesttofinishthetask,withtheirclassmatesalongthewaygivingthemnecessarilyhelpaswellasencouragement.Atlast,alltherunnersmanagedtoarrivethefinishline,receivingcheersfromallthedirections.Theactivitywashighlyspokenof,becausenotonlydiditprovidechanceforustoexercise,butalsomadeusmorecohesive.考向2考查叙事短文类(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：1．农场情况；2．采摘过程；3．个人感受。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．题目已为你写好。MyWeekend【精彩范文】MyWeekendLastweekend,ourschoolorganizedafruit-pickingactivityonafarm.Thefarm,locatedinthesuburbofourcity,hasawiderangeofcrops.(活动时间和地点)Themomentwearrivedatthefarm,webeganwiththeareaoffruittreesandthenmovedontothevegetablefield.Duringtheprocess,thefarmerexplainedalotaboutthecropswepicked.Wewereenjoyingourselvesbeforeweknewitwastimetogoback.(活动过程)Tiredaswewere,weallfeltsatisfied.Notonlydidwegainknowledgeofgardeningbutalsohadabetterunderstandingofnature.(个人感受)考向3考查人物描写类(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1．人物简介；2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【精彩范文】ThepersonIrespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.AndthepersonIrespectmostismyphysicsteacher.Sheissopatientwitheachstudentthatweallrespecther.(引入话题)It'sherfriendlinessandthesenseofresponsibilitythatmakemeadmireher.WhenIfailedtheexamlastmonthandwasinlowspirits,shepattedmegentlyontheshoulderandgavemegreatencouragement.Sheteachesusnotonlyhowtogainknowledgebutalsohowtobeagoodperson.(具体介绍)Havingsetagreatexampletousstudents,shefullydeservesmyrespect.(总结全文)(一)新闻报道一、文章结构新闻报道是记叙文的一种，其特点是以事实为依据，对人的经历或事实给予明确的、实事求是的报道。写作过程中要保持事件的真实性、准确性，语言要准确、简练、通俗易懂，不必追求过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。具体写作架构为：二、经典表达[首段句](导语)简要概述事件(时间、地点、人物、事件):(1)On…,…washeldinourschoollecturehall.(2)Lastweekend,somestudentstookpartin/participatedinanactivityorganizedbytheStudents’Union.(3)LastWednesdayafternoon,ourclasstookpartin/participatedin/joinedinlabourpracticeonHongXingfarm.(4)LastWednesday,athrillingtugofwartookplace/washeldontheschoolplaygroundfrom3o’clockto5o’clock(lastingtwohours),whichattractedlotsofattention.(5)LastWednesdaywitnessed/sawanexcitingtugofwarkickingoffontheplaygroundofourschool,attractinglotsofattention.[中段句]详述事件的起因、经过和结果:(1)Avarietyofactivities,funandexciting,attractedlotsofparticipation,amongwhichdumplingmakingwasmostwelcomed.(2)Notonlydidthestudentsperformantiquemusicalinstruments,Chinesepaintingandcalligraphy,buttheyalsodidkungfuandt’aichi,whichundoubtedlydrewtheseforeignvisitors’attention.(3)Thrilledandcurious,allthestudentsimmersedthemselvesinthefascinatingprogrammes,offeringapplauseenthusiasticallyafteritwaswrappedup.[尾段句]活动短评(活动的影响、意义、感受或启发等):(1)Theactivitybenefitedusalot/enabledusto…Notonlydiditgetusclosetonature,butitalsogaveusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork.(2)Theshowwaswellreceived/washighlythoughtof/wassunghighpraisefor.(3)Itissurelyarewardingexperience,whichnotonlyenablesustolearnalotthatisbeyondourtextbooksbutalsopromotesthefriendshipamongus.(二)叙事短文一、文章结构叙事短文属于记叙文的写作范畴，文章多以事件为中心，以时间和空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事。具体写作架构为：二、经典表达[首段句]简要概述事件(时间、地点、人物、事件):(1)Inordertoarousestudents’interestinEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishDramaCompetitioninourschoolhalllastSundayafternoon,whichturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.(2)Lastweek,ourclassparticipatedinafarmworkprogrammeinthesuburbs.(3)Lastweek,ourschoolorganizedanactivitynamed“HappinesstoFamily”,whichturnedouttobemeaningfulandunforgettable.[中段句]详述事件经过:(1)Onarrivingatthepark,whatimpressedmemostwasitsfreshairandbeautifulscenery.(2)Attractedbythebeautifulscenery,wehadaphototaken,capturingthepreciousmomentforever.(3)Onarrivingatthefarm,whatcameintosightwerevarietiesoffreshvegetablesandfruittrees.Thenweweredividedintotwogroupsforapickingcompetition.Afteroneandahalfhours’hardwork,bothgroupsharvestedalot,withourgroupbeingthewinner.[尾段句]总结与评价(活动的影响、意义、感受或启发等):(1)Tiredaswewere,wehadasenseofachievement.(2)Thankstothetour,notonlyhaveweimprovedourspeakingskills,butwe’vealsogotabetterunderstandingofBritishculture,whichenlargedmyknowledgeandbroadenedmyhorizons.(3)Throughthisactivity,Iknowbringinghappinesstootherscanalsomakeushappy.Ihopeourschoolcanorganizemoreactivitieslikethis.(三)人物描写一、文章结构人物描写属于记叙文的写作范畴，写作时要围绕人物组织材料。要做到主题鲜明，内容清楚，并注意结构的完整性。具体写作架构为：二、经典表达1．Oldasheis,hefoughtbravelyagainstCOVID-19,makinggreatcontributionsinthefieldofmedicine.尽管他年事已高，但他勇敢地抗击新冠肺炎，在医学领域做出了巨大贡献。2．ItgoeswithoutsayingthatConfuciushasagreateffectonthevaluesoflatergenerations.毋庸置疑，孔子对后世的价值观有很大的影响。3．ShehasbeenhighlyrespectedforherwisdomaswellascouragebytheChinesepeople.她凭借她的智慧和勇气受到中国人民的高度尊敬。4．Herspiritinspiresmeandmillionsofgirlstoliveanindependentlifeandberesponsibleforourowndecisions.她的精神激励着我和数百万女孩过独立的生活，并为我们自己的决定负责。5．Hesetsogoodanexampleforusstudentsthatweallshouldlearnfromhim.他为我们学生树立了这么好的榜样，我们都应该向他学习。(四)日记/周记一、文章结构二、经典表达[首段句]交代主题(时间、地点、人物、事件):(1)Thismorning,IwaswalkingonthestreetwhenIcaughtsightoftwotravellerswhowerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled.今天早上,我走在街上,突然看到两个旅行者正在看地图,一脸困惑。(2)Lastweek,ourclassorganizedasocialpracticeonthethemeof“OurDelicateWorld”.上周,我们班组织了一次以“我们脆弱的世界”为主题的社会实践。[中段句]具体描述事件经过:(1)Uponarrivingatthelocalnaturereservepark,weweregivenawarmwelcomeandshownaroundthepark,whichishometovariousanimalsandplantsinthelocalecosystem.一到达当地的自然保护区公园,我们受到了热情的欢迎,并被带着参观了公园,这是当地生态系统中各种动物和植物的家园。(2)OnMondaymorning,Isignedupwithmyclassmatesassoonasweheardthenews.周一上午,一听到这个消息,我和我的同学们就报名了。(3)Withthestaffpatientlyteachingandguiding,weweredividedintogroupsanddidsomesortsofpractice,suchasobservingandlearningsomeplantandanimalsamples.在工作人员耐心的教学和指导下,我们分成小组,做了几种练习,比如观察和学习一些动植物样本。(4)What’smore,weworkedwiththestaff,completingposterstoinformthepublicabouttheimportanceofmaintainingthebalanceoftheecosystem.另外,我们与工作人员合作,制作海报来告诉公众保持生态系统平衡的重要性。(5)Oureffortspaidoff,becausetheaudienceinthecommunitylikedit,givingusabigroundofapplause.我们的努力得到了回报,因为社区的观众喜欢它,给了我们热烈的掌声。(6)Amazedatthemagicoftechnology,wecouldn’twaittogiveitatry.惊叹于科技的魔力,我们迫不及待地想要尝试一下。[尾段句]事件总结(感受、评价等):(1)Fromthepractice,Isincerelyfeltitgreatlyimportanttoprotectourlivingworld.从这次实践中,我由衷地感受到保护我们生存的世界是非常重要的。(2)Thepracticewasmeaningfulandbroughtuslotsofbenefits.这次实践是有意义的,给我们带来了很多好处。(3)Thisisreallyaneducativeandeye-openingactivity,inwhichIwasimpressedwiththeconvenienceandbenefitsbroughtbytechnology.这真的是一次有教育意义且开阔眼界的活动,在这次活动中我对科技带来的便利和好处印象深刻。【2024年高考命题预测】新高考应用文命题在不断创新，它力争摒弃陈旧的命题思想，不断推陈出新。新高考注重思维，命题情景新颖，不落俗套。我们要努力扎实地打好写句子的基本功，不断提高学生的逻辑思维能力，创新能力和批判性思维能力。根据近年来新高考的命题特点，新闻报道和日记是高考最可能出现的体裁。预测考向1考查新闻报道类（2024·贵州省遵义市高三质量监测）．假定你是李华，你参加了学校举行的到敬老院(thenursinghome)送温暖的公益活动。请你向校英文报投稿，报道此次活动。内容包括：1．时间地点：2．活动内容：3．活动意义。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右。2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ADayintheNursingHome_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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ADayintheNursingHomeGuidedbyourteachers,wefinishedourvolunteeringinthenursinghomelastSunday,whichhadadeepimpactonus.Onarrivingatthehome,wewerewarmlywelcomedbythestaff.Asplanned,weweredividedintoseveralgroupstoundertakedifferentworks.Twogroupsofstudentshelpedtocleantheroom,andthreegroupswereresponsibleforchattingwiththeseniorsindelight.Othersofferedtopreparethedinnerforthem.Atlast,allpeopleendedupenjoyingourfantastictalentshow.Theseniors’toothysmileslingeredinourmindeversince.Haditnotbeenforthisspecialexperience,wecouldn’thaverealizedthattheseniorswereinneedofcare.Itwasthenthatwefoundthatwecouldmakeadifferencetotheworldwithourownhands.预测考向2考查叙事短文类【山西省晋中市高三三模】“五一劳动节”期间，你校英文报发起“劳动最光荣”主题征文活动，请你结合自身经历写一篇短文，内容包括：1.劳动经历；2.你的感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Labor:LearningandCrowingUpDuringtheLaborDay,oneofmyownexperiencescameintomymind._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【经典范文】Labor:LearningandGrowingUpDuringtheLaborDay,oneofmyownexperiencescameintomymind.Lastsummervacation,Iworkedasawaiterinarestaurant.Atfirst,itwaschallengingtokeepupwiththefastpacethere.Ihadtorememberthemenu,takeorders,servedishes,andcleantables.Myfeetandbackachedafteralongdayofwork.ButIadaptedandlearnedtocommunicatewithcustomersandmanageitefficiently.Throughthisexperience,Irealizednotonlyislaborameansofmakingaliving,butawayoflearningskills,growingup,andacquiringvalues.Soweshouldrespectandappreciatealltheworkerscontributingtooursociety.预测考向3考查人物描写类(江苏省南京市高三模拟)假设你是李华，要参加学校的英语征文活动。这次征文要求大家给一位历史人物写感谢信，感谢他(她)为人类的进步所做出的贡献。内容包括：1．历史人物的名字及其贡献；2．该人物对你的影响和启发；3．你对他(她)表达感谢。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________