职称英语考试试题综合类模拟题

2012年职称英语考试试题综合类模拟题（4）

第1部分：词汇选项（第1〜15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给

的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置

上。

l.Thenurseryisbrightandcheerful.

ApleasantBcleanCpeacefulDlarge

2.ThiskindofmaterialwasseldomusedinbuildinghousesduringtheMiddleAges

AneverBrarelyCoftenDonly

3Peoplefrommanyplacesweredrawntothecitybyitsgrowingeconomy.

AfetchedBcarriedCattractedDpushed

4.Thesoldierdisplayedremarkablecourageinthebattle.

AplacedBshowedCpointedDdecided

5.HowdoyouaccountforyourabsencefromtheclasslastThursday?

AexplainBexamineCchooseDexpand

6.Aboutonequarteroftheworkersinthecountryareemployedinfactories

AthirdBfourthCtenthDfifteenth

7.Shewasgratefultohimforbeingsogoodtoher.

AcarefulBhatefulCbeautifulDthankful

8.Thereareonlyfiveminutesleft,buttheoutcomeofthematchisstillindoubt.

AresultBjudgementCestimationDevent

9.HeiscertainthatthedictionaryisjustwhatIwant.

AsureBangryCdoubtfulDworried

10.Thelastfewweekshavebeenenjoyable.

AcloseBnearCpastDseveral

11.Whatweretheconsequencesofthedecisionshehadmade?

AreasonsBresultsCcausesDbases

12.Theydidn'trealizehowserioustheproblemwas

AknowBforgetCdoubtDremember

13.Weshallkeepthemoneyinasecureplace

AcleanBsecretCdistantDsafe

14.Thegreatchangesofthecityastonishedeveryvisitortothatcity.

AattackedBsurprisedCattractedDinterested

15.Thecityhasdecidedtodoawaywithalltheoldbuildingsinitscentre

AgetridofBsetupCrepairDpaint

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第2部分：阅读判断（第16〜22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答

题卡匕CB涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

TheIndustrialAgeandEmployment

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople'swork

hastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthe

changesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.

But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asits

historyshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmade

manypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthe

meanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustries

andremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailandthenby

road,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,many

people'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtimes,menand

womenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecame

customaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehome

andfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmore

flexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominant

formofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded-aproblemnow,asmoreteenagers

becomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortand

resourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelping

manypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.

16Theestablishedworkpatternsmaybechangedwiththeclosingoftheindustrialage.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17Universalemploymenthasbroughtabouteconomicfreedom.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18Manypeopledependedonthelandforalivingbeforethe17thcentury.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19Improvedtransportenabledpeopletotravellongerdistancestotheirworkplaces.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20Employedwomenofequalqualificationsarepaidlessthanmen.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21Alargenumberofteenagerswillquitschoolnextyear.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22Nowisthetimetohandletheissueofemploymentinapracticalmanner.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

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第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23〜30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为

第2〜5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选

项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置匕

SearchingforSmiles

1Askmostpeopleanywhereintheworldwhattheywantoutoflifeandthereplywill

probablybe:"tobehappy.'1EdDeiner,anAmericanpsychologyprofessor,hasspenthiswhole

professionallifestudyingwhatmakespeoplehappy,comparinglevelsofhappinessbetween

culturesandtryingtofindoutexactlywhyweenjoyourselves.

2Manypeoplewouldsaythatthisquestiondoesnotneedananswer.ButProfessorDeiner

hasoneanyway."Ifyou'reacheerful,happyperson,yourmaiTiageismorelikelytolast,and

you'remorelikelytomakemoneyandbesuccessfulatyourjob.Onaverage,happypeoplehave

strongerimmune（免疫的）systems,andthereissomeevidencethattheylivelonger."

3Sowhoaretheworld'shappiestpeople?Itdependsonhowthewordisdefined.Thereis

individualhappiness,thesenseofjoywegetwhenwedosomethingwelike.Butthereisalsothe

feelingofsatisfactionwegetwhenweknowthatothersrespectusandapproveofhowwebehave.

AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,theWesternworldpursuesindividualhappinesswhileAsiaprefers

mutualsatisfaction.

4"IntheWest,theindividualistic（个人主义的）culturemeansthatyourmoodmatters

muchmorethanitdoesintheEast.Peopleaskthemselves,whatcanIdothat'sfunorinteresting?

Theybecomeunhappywhentheycan'tdoanyofthesethings.IfyouaskpeoplefromJapanor

Chinaiftheyarehappy,theytendtolookatwhathasgonewrongintheirlives.Ifnotmuchhas

gonewrong,thentheyaresatisfied."

5PeoplefromSpainandotherSpanish-speakingcountrieshadthehappiestculture,

ProfessorDeinerfound."Thebiggestculturaldifferenceistodowithprideandshame.Hispanic

（西班牙语言的）culturesreportmuchmoreprideandmuchlessshamethanothers."

6Incomealsomadeabigdifferencetopeople'shappiness,butonlyatthelowestlevels.

AverageincomeearnersintheUSweremuchhappierthanpeopleinpoverty.Butmillionaires

wereonlyalittlebithappierthanpeopleonaverageincomes.Itseemsthatmoneymakesushappy

whenwehaveenoughtofeelsecure.

7Butcanwebetoohappy?"Yougetpeoplewhoareactuallyhappy,buttheythink

happinessissoimportantthattheytrytobeevenhappier.Thisdesiretobealwayshappyisa

productofindividualism,wheretheemphasisisonyouindividually,youremotionsandfeeling

good.Peoplecanendupfeelingunhappybecauseordinaryhappinessisnotgoodenoughfor

them.*'

1Paragraph2.

2Paragraph3.

3Paragraph4.

4Paragraph5.

AHappiestCulture

BAnUnhappyPerson

CDefinitionofHappiness

DCulturalDifferencesinHappiness

EReasonstoBeHappy

FIndividualandOrdinaryHappiness

5ProfessorDeinerhasspentmanyyearsstudyinginhappiness.

6ProfessorDeinerbelievesthatahappypersonislessprone（易患）to.

7Oncewehavegotenoughtofeelsafe,moneydoesnotmakedifferenceto

ourhappiness.

8AccordingtoProfessorDeiner,somepeoplefeelunhappybecausetheycannot

appreciate.

Aaquestion

Bordinaryhappiness

Cindividualism

Dculturaldifferences

Emuch

Fillnesses

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第四部分：阅读理解（第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根

据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇SleepNecessaryforMemories

Burningthemidnightoilbeforeanexamorinterviewdoesharmtotheperformance

accordingtoarecentresearchwhichfoundthatsleepisnecessaryformemoriestobetakenback

intothebrain.Agoodnight'ssleepwithin30hoursoftryingtorememberanewtaskisarequired

conditionofhavinggoodrecallintheweeksahead,scientistshavefound.

Theresearch,publishedintheDecemberissueofNatureNeuroscience,showedthatitwas

theactofsleep,ratherthanthesimplepassageoftime,thatwascriticalforlong-termmemory

formation.

“Wethinkthatgettingthatfirstnighfssleepstartstheprocessofmemoryconsolidation（巩

固）saidRobertStickgold,asleepresearcheratHarvardMedicalSchoolwhoconductedthe

lateststudy.

uItseemsthatmemoriesnormallywashoutofthebrainunlesssomeprocessnailsthemdown.

Mysuspicionisthatsleepisoneofthosethingsthatdoestheflailingdown,"ProfessorStickgold

said.

Withaboutoneinfivepeopleclaimingthattheyaresochronicallyshortofsleepthatit

affectstheirdailyactivities,thelatestworkemphasizesthelesswell-understoodsideeffect-

seriousmemoryimpairment（损害）.

Volunteersinanexperimentfounditeasiertorememberamemorytaskiftheywereallowed

tosleepthatnight.Butforthosekeptawake,noamountofsubsequentsleepmadeupforthe

initialloss.

ProfessorStickgold^teamtrained24peopletoidentifythedirectionofthreediagonal（斜线

形的）barsflashedforasixtiethofasecondonacomputerscreenfullofhorizontal（水平的）

stripes.

Halfofthesubjectswerekeptawakethatnight,whiletheothersslept.Bothgroupswere

allowedtosleepforthesecondandthirdnightstomakeupforanydifferencesintiredness

betweenthevolunteers.

Thosewhosleptthefirstnightweresignificantlyandconsistentlybetteratrememberingthe

taskwhilethesecondgroupshowednoimprovementdespiteenjoyingtwonightsofcatch-up

sleep.

1TheresearchpublishedinNatureNeuroscienceshowedthatwhatwasessentialtothe

formationoflong-termmemorywas

Aintelligence.Btime.Cfood.Dsleep.

2WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheresearchisNOTtrue?

AItwasdonewithin30hours.

BItwasheadedbyProfessorStickgold.

CItfocusedonlong-termmemoryformation.

DTherewerealtogether24subjectsintheexperiment.

3Stickgold^researchfocusedonthesideeffectproducedby

Amemoryimpairment.

Blackofsleep.

Clowworkefficiency.

Dmemoryrecall.

4InStickgold'sexperiment,thosewhowerekeptawakeonthefirstnight

Acouldverywellrememberthedirectionofthediagonalbars.

Bdidn'tdoanybetteraftertwonights'sleep.

Cwereastiredasthosewhowerenot.

Dcouldrecallthedirectionofmorebarsthanthosewhowerenot.

5Thosewhosleptthefirstnight

Acouldn'trememberthetask.www.

Bcouldnotsleepthesecondandthirdnights.

Cperformedslightlybetterthanthosewhodidnot

Ddidmuchbetterthanthosewhodidnot.

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第二篇TheCherokeeNation

LongbeforethewhitemancametoAmerica,thelandbelongedtotheAmericanIndian

nations.ThenationoftheCherokeeslivedinwhatisnowthesoutheasternpartoftheUnited

States.

Afterthewhitemancame,theCherokeescopiedmanyoftheirways.OneCherokeenamed

Sequoyahsawhowimportantreadingandwritingweretothewhiteman.Hedecidedtoinventa

waytowritedownthespokenCherokeelanguage.HebeganbymakingwordpicturesFor

eachwordhedrewapicture.Butthatprovedimpossible-therewerejusttoomanywords.Then

hetookthe85soundsthatmadeupthelanguage.UsinghisownimaginationandanEnglish

spellingbook,Sequoyahinventedasignforeachsound.Hisalphabetprovedamazinglyeasyto

learn.Beforelong,manyCherokeesknewhowtoreadandwriteintheirownlanguage.By1828,

theywereevenprintingtheirownnewspaper.

In1830,theU.S.Congresspassedalaw.ItallowedthegovernmenttoremoveIndiansfrom

theirlands.TheCherokeesrefusedtogo.Theyhadlivedontheirlandsforcenturies.Itbelonged

tothem.WhyshouldtheygotoastrangelandfarbeyondtheMississippiRiver?

ThearmywassenttodrivetheCherokeesout.Soldierssurroundedtheirvillagesand

marchedthematgunpoint（在枪U的威胁下）intothewesternterritory.Thesick,theoldandthe

smallchildrenwentincarts,alongwiththeirbelongings,Therestofthepeoplemarchedonfoot

orrodeonhorseback.ItwasNovember,yetmanyofthemstillworetheirsummerclothes.Cold

andhungry,theCherokeeswerequicklyexhaustedbythehardshipsofthejourney.Manydropped

deadandwereburiedbytheroadside.WhenthelastgrouparrivedintheirnewhomeinMarch

1839,morethan4,000haddied.Itwasindeedamarchofdeath.

6.TheCherokeesusedtolive

A.bytheroadside.

B.inthesoutheasternpartoftheUS.

C.beyondtheMississippiRiver.

D.inthewesternterritory.

7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSequoyahisNOTtrue?

A.Hewasimaginative.

B.HewasanIndian.

C.Hewasawhiteman.

D.HewrotedownthespokenCherokeelanguage.

8.Alawwaspassedin1830to

A.allowtheCherokeestostaywheretheywere.

B.stoptheCherokeesusingtheirownlanguage.

C.forcetheCherokeestomovewestward.

D.forbidtheCherokeestoprinttheirownnewspaper.

9.TheCherokeeswenttotheirnewlands

A.incarts.

B.onhorseback.

C.onfoot.

D.alloftheabove.

10.Theword"exhausted*inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby

A.wornout.

B.endedup.

C.runout.

0.finishedup.

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第三篇Knitting

Mymotherknewhowtoknit（纺织），butshenevertaughtme.Sheassumed,asdidmany

womenofhergeneration,thatknittingwasnolongeraskillworthpassingdownfrommotherto

daughter.Acombinationoffeminism（女权主义）andconsumerism（消费主义）mademany

womenfeelthatsuchhomelyaccomplishmentswerenowoutofdate.MyGrandmotherstill

knitted,though,andeveryChristmasshemadeapairofsocksformybrotherandme,ofredwool

（毛线）.Theyweretheonesweworeunderouriceskates（冰鞋），whenitwasreallyimportantto

havewarmfeet.

Knittingisanervoushabitthathappenstobeproductive.Ithelpedmequitsmokingby

givingmyhandssomethingelsetodo.Itiswonderfulfordepressionbecausenomatterwhatelse

happens,youarecreatingsomethingbeautiful.Timespentinfrontofthetelevisionorjustsitting

isnolongertimewasted.

Ilovebreathinglifeintothepatterns.Itfstruemagic,findinganeglected,dog-eared（翻旧T

的）oldbookwiththeperfectsnowflakedesign,buyingthesameGermantownwoolmy

grandmotherused,intheexactbluetomatchmydaughter'seyes,takingitonthetrainwithme

everydayfortwomonths,workingenthusiasticallytogetitdonebyChristmas,stayinguplate

afterthestockingsarefilledtosewinthesleevesandweaveintheends.

Knittinghastaughtmepatience.IknowthatifIjustkeepgoing,evenifittakesmonths,

therewillbeareward.WhenImakeamistake,Iknowthatangerwillnotfixit,andthatIjust

havetogobackandstartoveragain.

PeopleoftenaskifIwoulddoitformoney,andtheanswerisalwaysadefiniteno.Inthefirst

place,youcouldnotpaymeenoughforthehoursIputintoasweater.Butmoreimportant,thisis

anactivityIkeepseparatefromsuchconsiderations.IknittocovermychildrenandotherpeopleI

loveinwarmthandcolor.Iknittogivethemsomethingearthlythatmoneycouldneverbuy.

Knittinggivesmylifeanalternativerhythmtothedailydeadline.BydayIcanwriteabout

NorthernIrelandortheNewYorkCityPoliceDepartmentandgetpaidforit,butonthetrain

home,sunoundedbypeoplewithlaptops,Istagemylittlerebellion.Itakeoutmyoldknittingbag

andjointhecenturiesofwomenwhohaveknittedforlove.

1l.Whydidmanywomenfeelthatknittingwasoutofdate?

A.Becausetheirmothershadnottaughtthem.

B.Becausetheywereinfluencedbyfeminismandconsumerism

C.Becausetheywerefeminists.

D.Becausetheywereconsumerists.

12.Theauthorworetheredsockshergrandmotherhadknittedforher

A.whenshewenttoschool.

B.whenshewenthiking.

C.whenshecelebratedChristmas.

D.whenshewentskating.

13.Theword"quit*inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto

A.giveup.

B.speedup.

C.slowdown,

D.buildup.

14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Knittinghelpsonegetridofbadhabits.

B.Knittinghelpsonegetfreefromabadmood.

C.Knittingrequirespatience.

D.Knittingisaprofit-makingbusiness.

15.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewriter'spurposeofknitting?

A.Tosavemoney.

B.Tosavetime.

C.Toenrichherlife.

D.Toshowherloveforthefamily.

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第5部分：补全短文（第46〜50题，每题2分，共10分）

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组

文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Garlic

Fromearlytimesmanhasusedgarlic（大蒜）.TheBiblespeaksofit.TheIsraelites（古以色

歹lj人）wereoncefarfromhome.TheycriedouttoMoses,theirleader,forthefoodstheyloved:

leeks（韭菜），onions,andgarlic.TheRomans,liketheIsraelites,lovedtoeatgarlic.Andthey

hungbagsofgarlicaroundtheirnecks.（1）Theyalsothoughtitwouldkeepthemfrom

gettingsick.

Asimilarideaisstillheld.Manypeopletakegarlicthinkingitwillpreventorcuredisease.

Mostdoctorssayitdoesnosuchthing.（2）Itssmellmayforcepeopletostayfarapart.At

leastthentheycan*tpassgermsontoeachother.(3)Whatifyou'reinaplay,forinstance?

Actorshavebeenknowntoforgettheirlinesbecausetheycouldn'tstandthegarlicsmellona

fellowactor'sbreath.Somehaveevenmadeupnewlinesandactionsthatkeptthemfaraway

fromtheonewhohadeatengarlic.

Throughtheyearsmanhastriedtocopewiththesmellofgarlic.(4)Wenowknow

why.It*sbeenfoundthattheoilsofthegarlicdonotsticktotheteeth,Garlictongue,orgums(齿

龈).Theygointothelungsinstead.Fromtheretheyarebreathedout.Theypassoutthroughthe

skintoo.

Strangeasitseems,foodmayhaveagreatdealofgarlicinitwithoutsmellingortasting

strong.Italldependsonhowitiscooked.Frenchcooksmakeagoodsoupwithwholecloves(瓣)

ofgarlic.Theyusemorethanthirtyclovesinonebowlofsoup.Buttheytakecarenottocrush

them.Andtheycookthemwhole.(5)Andastheclovescooktheychangeinsomestrange

way.Thesoupturnsouttobedelicious.It'snotstrongatall.

AButnomedicine,mouthwash,chewinggum,ortoothpasteseemstohelpmuch

BAsaresult,thestrongoilsstayinthecloves.

CTheysayitmayhelpinoneway,though.

DManypeopleeatgarlic.

EButkeepingyourdistancecanbehardattimes.

FTheyhopeditwouldkeepawaytheevileye.

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第6部分：完形填空(第51〜65题，每题1分，共15分)

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4

个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

PublicandPrivateSchoolsintheUnitedStates

ReligiousandprivateschoolsreceivelittleornosupportfrompublictaxesintheUnited

States,and,asaresult,areusuallysomewhatexpensiveto(51).Thelargestgroupof

religiousschoolsinAmerica(52)bytheRomanCatholicChurch.Whilereligiousschools

tendtobe(53)expensivethanprivateschools,thereareusuallysomefees.

When