【培优冲刺专练02】三大从句 冠 代 数词（原卷版）【查缺补漏】

PartA（2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）Itisabeautifuldrone(无人机)shot,1popularkindofvideoyoumightseeinatravelvideo.（2024·河北沧州·一模）TheZQ-2Y3has16totallengthof49.5meters,whichiscapableofplacinga1.5-tonpayloadintoatypicalsun-synchronousorbitatabout500kilometersabovetheEarth.2.（2024·河北沧州·模拟预测）TheLongMarch4Crocket,also43productoftheShanghai-basedacademy,hasaliftoffweightof250metrictons,andismainlyusedtosendsatellitestosun-synchronousorbit.3.（2024·新疆·一模）Astronautsstayunderwaterinsuitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursat73time.4.（2024·安徽滁州·二模）Languageisnaturallyacquiredwhenchildrenareabletouseitpleasurably,andlanguageacquisitionbychildren95(them)savesbothtimeandlabor,saidEnglish-languageeducationexpertChenYaping.5.（2024·河北张家口·模拟预测）InJune2017,BoninovisitedChinaforthreeweeks,andfound111(her)pleasantlysurprised.Sherecalled,“IwascrazyaboutChina.Itfascinatedme.”6.（2024·湖南·一模）ThehighlightedexperienceforyourvisitshouldbecookingthetypicalSichuandishes122theguidanceoftheprofessionalchef.Thereisarguablynobetterwaytoknowmoreaboutacuisine123learninghowtocookityourself.7.（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Ithasattractedconsiderableattention127foodenthusiastsandsocialmediainfluencersonline,celebratingthecity’siconicdishofhotpot.8.（2024·上海普陀·二模）theresearchersfoundthatpeoplefromcountrieswithlowEnglishproficiencyspentanaverageof90.8percentmoretimereadingscientificarticles

141nativeEnglishspeakers.9.（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Iheardthegardendoorstartingtobreakdown149thepressureoftheflood,andthewaterwasnowuptomywaist.考查介词。句意：我听到花园的门在洪水的压力下开始破裂，现在水已经到我的腰了。我开始恐慌起来。结合句意“在……的压力下”可知短语为underthepressureof。故填under。10.（2024·浙江·二模）Oneof159coreprinciplesofChineseFengshuiisthetheoryofYinandYang,andtheFiveElements.11.（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）Dehuawhiteporcelainisfamousfor186(it)purewhitecolor.12.（2024·江苏·二模）DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,mostofthefurniturewashand-madeusinghigh-qualityhardwood197rawmaterials,whicharenowrareandexpensive13.（2024·浙江·二模）OpenAIsaiditintendstotraintheAImodelstohelppeoplesolveproblems5requirereal-worldinteraction.考查定语从句。句意：OpenAI表示，他们打算训练这些AI模型，帮助人们解决需要现实世界互动的问题。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是problems，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which或that。（2024·浙江金华·二模）Theeventdrewenthusiasticparticipationfrombothlocalresidentsandtourists,16wonderedattheexquisitecraftsmanshipandculturalsignificanceofhanfu.15.（2024·河南·模拟预测）TheBlackDeathofthe1300scutthepopulationofEuropebyone-third,24remadethesociety.16.（2024·广西·二模）Thenuclearfusionprocessneedsnofossilfuels37leavesbehindnodangerouswaste.17.（2024·广西·二模）GongXianzu,aresearcherattheInstituteofPlasmaPhysicsoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,40ledthelatestexperiment.18.（2024·吉林·三模）Atpresent,RongjiangCountyhas14standardfootballfields,allof64openforfree.19.（2024·上海浦东新·二模）76youarelookingatsomethingyou’reseeing,it’smaybe180degrees,maybe270degrees.20.（2024·山西晋中·二模）85isseenasasymbolofunity,prosperity(繁荣),andgoodluckforthecomingyear.PartBPassage1（2024·江西吉安·一模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheCunBAbasketballtournament,oneofChina’spopulargrassrootssportscompetitions,plansmoreinteractionswithNBAprofessionalsinthecurrentseason.“Weplantotakethechampionshipteamto175exchangeprogramwiththeNBA,allowingthem176(experience),learnfromandinteractwithprofessionalNBAplayers,”CenJianglong,headofTaipanandco-organizerofthetournament,saidonFriday.Thebasketballgames,originallyheldtomarkalocalfestival,177(go)viralin2022,garneringonlineviewsofmorethan1.5billionthatyear.In2023,theeventreceivedover55billionviews,178(far)consolidatingitsstatusasaculturalandsportingphenomenon.Inits179(three)year,CunBAremainsbothabasketballcompetitionandacarnival.Onopeningday,singersperformed,180theaimofconveyingculturalconfidencetotheaudienceandimprovingawarenessofpreservingtraditionalculture,accordingtotheorganizers,181hopethatsuchactivitieswillattractevenmore182(spectator)tothegames.TheCunBAphenomenonhasnotonlyenergizedthelocaleconomy,buthasalsocontributedtotheoveralldevelopmentofTaipanvillageandthesurroundingregions.Sportsevents,183(combine)withentertainmentactivitiesatthegrassrootslevel,184(drive)localculturalandtourismdevelopmentinanumberofregionsacrossthecountry.（2024·湖南怀化·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Over400piecesorsetsofDehuawhiteporcelain(德化白瓷)are185displayintheNationalMuseumofChinainBeijing,withtheexhibitionrunningfromAug.26forthreemonths.Dehuawhiteporcelainisfamousfor186(it)purewhitecolor.Dehuawhiteporcelain187(extraordinary)pureandwhitebecausethekaolin(高岭土)inDehuacountyinFujianhasalowpercentageofiron,makingtheporcelainstainlesslikewhitejade,earningittheFrenchname“BlancdeChine”,or“whitefromChina”.SittinginQuanzhoucity,188theancientMaritimeSilkRoadstarted,Dehuawhiteporcelain189(sell)likehotcakesathomeandabroadsincetheSongDynasty(960-1279).In2006,Dehuawhiteporcelainwaslistedas190nationalintangibleculturalheritage.Despitethepastglories,Dehuacraftsmenneverstopimprovingtheirskills.One191(impress)skillis“theeggshelltechnique(薄胎技艺)”.TheeggshelltechniqueinDehua192(date)backtotheMingDynasty.Withthetechnique193(improve)bygenerationsofcraftsmen,today’seggshellporcelaincanbemadeasthinaspaper.BycombiningtraditionalChineseartisticskillswithmoderndisciplines(学科)likematerialscienceandhumanities,BlancdeChinewillcontinuetoenhancetheculturalconfidenceoftheChinesepeopleastheycreateevenmoreoutstanding194(work).Passage3（2024·江苏·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasnearly5,000yearsof195(record)history.However,thehistoryofChinesefurnitureisevenlongerthan196ofitswriting,whichcanbetracedbacktotheHemuduCulturemorethan7,000yearsago.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,mostofthefurniturewashand-madeusinghigh-qualityhardwood197rawmaterials,whicharenowrareandexpensive.Ordinarypeopleoftenusewoodsuchaspine,elm,andbeech,butthequalitybetweenthewoods198(different)greatly.Classicalfurnitureismostlymadebyhand.Modernmachinescannot199(complete)replacehandwork.Theshapescarvedbythemachineareneatbutthelinesarerigidandlackingvitality.ThemostdelicateaspectofChineseclassicalfurnitureisthestructuralpartofthefurniture-mountains-and-treetops(榫卯)work.Combiningpiecesofwoodtogether,200(use)nothingmorethanthewooditself,isabasicskillofallcarpenters(木匠)inancientChina.ItwasfirstdiscoveredinthewoodenstructureoftheHemudusite201theancestorslivedmorethan7,000yearsago.ThisstructureisthewisdomoftheChineseworkingpeopleandfullyrepresentsthe202(create)andartistry(艺术性)ofhumanity.AncientChinese203(philosophy)havebeenexpressedintraditionalChinesefurniture.Forexample,Confucianismemphasizesgentlenessandmoderation.204(achieve)that,skilledcarpentersproperlymatchedthecurvesandstraightlinesofthefurniture.That’swhyChinesefurniturealwaysdisplaysbothbalanceandstability.Passage4（2024·湖南·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Jiangsu,knownforitsuniqueblendofinnovationandpreservation,isatruetreasure.Iwas205(incredible)fortunatetojourneythroughthecitiesofSuzhouandNanjing,bothofwhichleftmefascinatedwiththeirtrueimpressivenessandeagerly206(long)toexplorefurther.MyfirststopwasSuzhou.207(engage)myselfinthelocalindustrialatmosphere,Ichoseahotelinthe“industrialpark”,208thecoexistenceofadvancedmanufacturingandnaturalbeautywasmostevident,asitwassituatedontheedgeofasceniclake,embracedbyavibrantlandscape.AsIadventuredintotheheartofthecity,theOldTown’sancientwaterwaysledmeonan209(explore)ofhistory,andtheclassicalgardensofferedaglimpseintoa210(story)past.However,whattrulyamazedmewasthe“energyofSuzhou”representedbyitspeoplewhohaveenormousrespectfortheircity’stime-honoredhistoryaswellas211innovativeeyeonthefuture.Actually,themindsetofmodernizationwithdeeprespectforthepastisn’tonlyuniquetoSuzhou212anindicativefactorofNanjing.High-risesdecoratethecity’sskyline,creatingadistinctcontrast213theancientneighborhoods,temples,andbuildingsthat214(occupy)previouslybypeople.Ineveranticipatedmyexpectationswouldbeblownoutofthewaterby“Ataleoftwocities”.Passag5（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。KyrgyzstanhostsChinesecultureexhibitionAnexhibitionofChineseculture“WalkingtheSilkRoad,AllowingCulturestoIntegrate,”devotedtotheBeltandRoadInitiative(BRI)wasrecentlyheldinBishkek,Kyrgyzstan.OnTuesday,KyrgyzDeputyPrimeMinisterEdilBaisalov,Charged’AffairesoftheChineseEmbassyinKyrgyzstanLiBaojie,representativesofeducationalinstitutionsofKyrgyzstanandChinaandbusinessrepresentatives215(attend)theevent.BaisalovsaidtheBRIhaschangedtheentireregion,includingKyrgyzstan.It216(actual)hadahugeimpactonthepoliticalandeconomicsituationaroundtheworld.Lisaidthatoverthepasttenyears,theBRI217(develop)fromconcepttoactionandhasbecome218importantplatformforinternationalcooperation.HesaidthatKyrgyzstanandChinahavebeencooperatingwithintheframeworkoftheBRIformorethantenyearsandhaveachievedfruitfulresults.Linotedthat219(culture)interactionandexchangeareanimportantpartoftheinitiative.TherepresentativeoftheChineseembassysaiditisveryimportant220(hold)culturalexchangeexhibitions,221willhelptheKyrgyzpeopletobetterunderstandChinesetraditionalcultureandfolkcustoms,andalsohelpstrengthenmutual(相互的)222(understand)betweenthetwopeoples.TheexhibitionfeaturedstonecarvingwithaSpringandAutumnperiodtheme,woodcarvingwiththetheme“NewYear’sPictures,”aswell223paper-cutting.TheexhibitionwasorganizedbytheKaifengManagementCommitteeofthePilotFreeTradeZoneofChina(Henan),theKyrgyzstan-ChinaFriendshipAssociationandother224(organization).Passage6（2024·陕西·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Oneofthe225(old)traditionaloperaformsstill226(perform)inChina,KunquOperawasborninSuzhou,Jiangsuprovince.It227(list)asoneofthemasterpiecesoftheoralandintangibleculturalheritagebyUNESCOin2001.Combiningsongs,gracefulbodymovements,martialartsanddance,Kunquusesaseeminglyendless228(various)ofgesturestoexpressemotions.LikemanytraditionalChineseartforms,Kunquhasbeenfaced229competitionfrommasscultureandalackofinterestamongyoungpeople.ButtherecognitionbyUNESCOmadeitpossibleforKunquOpera230(experience)arevival.SomeartistsnotedthatKunquOperapiecesare231(close)linkedwithChineseliteratureandthebest-knownoneisThePeonyPavilion,232waswrittenbyMingDynastyplaywrightTangXianzu.Whena“youthversion”?ofThePeonyPavilionwasputonatuniversitiesacrossChina,itgainedgreatpopularityamongyoungpeople.Oneoftheactressesreceived233notefromanaudiencememberaftertheshow,234(tell)herhowbeautifulshewasonstageandhowbeautifulKunquwas.Passage7（2024·湖北十堰·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WiththeworldwidecelebrationoftheChineseNewYear,traditionalChineseculturalformssuchastheYinggeDance(DanceofHeroes)anddragonandliondanceshaveonceagainattractedwidespreadattention.AstheChineseNewYearisincreasinglycelebrated235(global),ithasbroughtitstraditionalcelebrationselsewhereandseenpeopleofothercountriesjointhefestivities.ThisSpringFestival,ateamofYinggedancersfromSouthChina’sGuangdongProvince236(invite)totheUK,bringinganexcitingperformancetoLondon’sBurlingtonArcade237(celebrate)theChineseNewYear.Literally238(translate)asthe“SongsofHeroes”dance,YinggeDanceisanoldfolkdance239originatedfromtheChaoshanareaofSouthChina’sGuangdongProvince.Dressedincolorfulcostumes,performerswavewoodensticksintheirhandswhile240(dance)inorderlyformationstothemusic.Basedonthestoriesofthe108241(hero)ofLiangshanMountainfromtheclassicnovelOutlawsoftheMarsh(《水浒传》),thisis242folkartcombiningavarietyofforms,frommartialartsandChineseoperastodance.Fromacenturies-oldartformtoamagnumopus(杰作)ofChinesetraditionworldwide,the243(popular)ofYinggeDanceonthestreetsofLondonduringtheSpringFestivalwasasuccess244termsoftraditionalChinesefolkartsailingoverseas.Passage8（2024·广东梅州·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGuangdongLionDance,anationaltraditionpopularinFoshanandGuangzhou,isatypicalSouthernLionDance.Liondancing245(date)backthousandsofyears,totheTangDynasty,andalegendabouttheemperorhavingadream246alionsavedhislife.Andlaterit247(introduce)tothesouthbymigrantsfromthenorth.TheGuangdongLionDancedevelopedinto248(it)modernformduringtheMingDynasty(AD1368-1644).InChinesetradition,peopleregardthelionas249symbolofbravenessandstrength,whichcandriveawayevilandprotecthumansandlivestock.Liondancing250(main)focusesontheperformanceoftheliondance,attachingmuchattentiontomovements251scratchinganitch(抓痒),shakingthemane(鬃毛)andlicking(舔)thehair.TheGuangdongLionDance,a252(combine)ofmartialarts,danceandmusic,ispopularnotonlyinGuangdongandGuangxiprovinces,butalsoamongoverseasChineseinSoutheastAsiancountries,253(make)itaculturalbridgeforoverseasChinesekeepingintouchwiththeirnationalroots.Itisconsideredtobeatraditionwithfar-reachingculturalvalue.LunarNewYearistheperfecttime254(share)andcelebratethatcultureandheritage.Passage9（2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LiHongboisaChineseartistwhomakes255(incredible)complicatedandstretchablepapersculptures,drawingonarichhistoryoftraditionalChinesefolkart.Forthousandsofyears,paper256(use)tocreatelanterns,festivedecorationsandchildren’stoys.“ThereisaChinesesaying,‘Lifeisasfragileaspaper,’”saysLi.“Ithashadahugeimpact257me.”Painstakinglyconstructed,eachartworkopensoutlikethebellows(风箱)ofanaccordion(手风琴),258(reveal)abeautifulhoneycombpatternhiddenbetweeneachlayer.Hisworksmightbereadasavisualchallengeto259above-mentionedsaying,arguinginsteadthat,whilelifemayindeedbeasfragileaspaper,there’s260(strong)innumbers.Someofhislargerartworksaremadefrom7,000to8,000piecesofpaper,allcarefully261(glue)togetheratspecificpointsbyhand,resultinginablock262canmove,bendandexpand.Thenthisblock263(carve)intoshapewithvarioustools.Theseexceptional3Dpapersculpturesarevividand264(fascinate),showcasingChinesecraftsmanship,creativityandinnovation.Passag10（2024·陕西安康·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesewushuathleteCaoMaoyuanoutperformedallothersinmen’sNanquan,265(enable)himtogainthefirstgoldmedaloftheChengduWorldUniversityGames.Cao,25,astudentfromChengduSportUniversity,266(dress)inaredoutfitwithagreendragonpicture,stoletheshowonthecarpetasthelocalaudience267(warm)cheeredforhim.“Iwasalittlenervousandexcitedin268beginning,becauseitwasmyfirstformal269(appear)attheGames,”Caosaidafterthecompetition.“I’mgladthatIsecuredthefirstgoldoftheGames.IbelieveIwilldobetterinthefuture.”Wushu,orkungfu,270(be)thecollectivetermforthemartialartpractices271originatedanddevelopedinChina.Wushuiscategorizedintotwomaincategories,namelyTaolu(RoutinesCompetition)272Sanda(Free-FightingCompetition).Nanquan,orSouthernFist,ispartofTaolu,whichconsists273stylesthatoriginatedandarepopularinthesouthernbanksoftheYangtzeRiver.It274(characterize)bylowstanceswithfewerlegtechniquesandafocusonshort,powerfularmstrikesoftenaccompaniedbyvocalarticulation(关节发声).Passage11（2024·上海普陀·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhatIfYou’reNotGoodatEnglish?ResearcherswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglishcanspendaroundtwiceaslongreadinganEnglishscientificjournalarticleasnativespeakers.ForaPhDstudent,thatcanmean135(spend)upto19additionalworkingdaysperyearjustreadingpapers.Thesestatistics,136(publish)todayinPLOSBiology,mightnotbeshocking,researcherssay,butit’simportanttomeasuretheeffectsoflanguagebarriersonthecareersofacademics

137arenotfluentinEnglish.“Itisthefirststepforthescientificcommunity

138(make)moreeffortstosolvethisproblem”,saysTatsuyaAmano,abiodiversityresearcherattheUniversityofQueenslandinBrisbane,Australia,andaco-authorofthestudy.TheteamfoundthatamongscientistswhohadpublishedonlyonepaperinEnglish,scientistsfromcountries

139Englishisgenerallypoorspent29.8percentmoretimewritingpapersthannativeEnglishspeakers;140fromcountrieswithmoderateEnglishproficiency(能力)spent50.6%moretime.Similarly,theresearchersfoundthatpeoplefromcountrieswithlowEnglishproficiencyspentanaverageof90.8percentmoretimereadingscientificarticles

141nativeEnglishspeakers.Atconferences,eventhosewhoovercomeobstaclesfacedifficultiesinpresentingtheirworkinEnglish.GermanaBarata,aresearcherwho142(specialize)insciencecommunicationattheStateUniversityofCampinasinBrazil,saysthatdespitebeingfluentinEnglish,shestillfeelsuncomfortableattimes.“We

143(give)thesameamountoftimetopresent,butallthatwecansayin10minutesisdifferentfrom

144anativespeakercansay,”shepointsout.Passage122024·上海嘉定·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheDayISurvivedIthadbeenrainingbucketsthatweek,andauthoritieshadissuedafloodwarning,thoughnotforwhereIwas.Still,Ihadplacedsandbagsontheflooroutsidemygardendoorjustincase.AsIwasdriftingofftosleep,Isuddenlyheardthesoundofrushingwater,145Iwerelyingbesideawaterfallinsteadofinmybedroom.WhenI146(swing)mylegsoffthebed,Iwasshockedbythesensationofcoldwaterlappingagainstmykneesandrisingfast.147(feel)mywayinthedarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneandturnedontheflashlight.AsIsteppedoutofmybedroom,waterwasshootingthroughthegapsofthegardendoor.Thewater148havegoneoverthesandbags,Ithought.Allaroundme,mythingsbegantofloat:chairs,bookshelves,andpiecesofmydrumset.Iheardthegardendoorstartingtobreakdown149thepressureoftheflood,andthewaterwasnowuptomywaist.Ibegantopanic.Inbarefeetandwithmyshorts150(glue)tomybody,Istartedtowalktomyonlyescape:thedoorthatleadsupstairs.Istruggledtothedoorandtriedtopullitopen,buttheforceofthewaterwouldn’tletmedoso.Ilookedaroundandgrabbedabroom151wasfloatingbehindme.Usingittopry(撬)openthedoor,Imanagedtomakeagapofaboutafoot,justwideenough152(force)myselfthrough.Finally,Imadeitoutside.IfIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.Theentireneighborhoodwasdestroyedbytheflood.Later,we153(assure)thatsomethinglikethishappensonlyonceevery100years.Ihopeso.Itpainsmetosee154wasoncealovely,cozystreetnowturnsintoawaterscape.Passage13（2024·浙江·二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesecultureofFengshuihasalonghistory155isanimportantdisciplineinancientChinesecivilization.Fengshuiexplorestherelationshipbetweenhumansandtheirenvironment,believingthatgeographic156(surround)andlayoutshaveaprofoundimpact157one’slifeandfortune.Itisbelievedthatbyarrangingthings158(appropriate),onecanharmonizetheenergiesofthenaturalworld.Oneof159coreprinciplesofChineseFengshuiisthetheoryofYinandYang,andtheFiveElements.Accordingtothistheory,thenaturalworld160(classify)intofiveelements:wood,fire,earth,metal,andwater.Fengshuimakesuseoftheseelementstobalancetheenergyoftheenvironment,hereby161(enhance)people’swell-beingandfortune.Additionally,Fengshui162(emphasis)theselectionofdirectionsandlayoutstobring163(significance)changestoone’slifeandfortune.Hence,intheconstructionandlayoutofhouses,peopleplananddesign164(base)ontheprinciplesofFengshui.Passage14(2024·辽宁·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MountTai,isarepresentativeofChinesemountainswi