高三二模英语试题

...wd......wd......wd...2018届长宁区第二学期教学质量检测〔二模〕高三英语试题II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AGreatFriendshipThomasJeffersonandJamesMadisonmetin1776.Couldithavebeenanyotheryear?TheyworkedtogetherandstartedtofurtherAmericanRevolutionandlatertoshapetheofficialnewplanofgovernment,____21____(develop)aclosefriendship,whichlastedfor50years.Therewere____22_____(share)purposesandacommonendonbothsides.Fourandahalfmonths____23___hedied,whenhewasillandworriedabouthisfamily,Jeffersonwrotetohislongtimefriend.HiswordsandMadison’sreplyremindusthatfriendsarefriendstilldeath.“Thefriendshipwhich_____24_____(exist)betweenusforhalfacentury,theharmonyofourpoliticalprinciplesandpursuitshavebeensourcesofconstanthappinesstomethroughthatlongperiod.It'salsobeenagreatcomforttome____25____(believe)thatyouareengagedinvindicating(证实)totheyoungergenerationthecoursethatwe’vepursuedforpreservingtothem.Ifevertheearthhasnoticedasystemofadministrationconductedwith____26____singleandkeeneyetothegeneralinterestandhappinessofthosecommittedto,itmustbethesystemprotectedbytruth,to___27____ourliveshavebeendevoted.Tomyself,youhavebeenagreatsupporterthroughoutlife.TakecareofmewhendeadandbeassuredthatIshouldleavewithyoumylastaffections.〞Aweeklater,Madisonreplied.“Youcannotlookback____28____thelongperiodofourprivatefriendshipandpoliticalharmonywithmoreaffectingrecollectionsthanIdo.____29____theyareasourceofpleasuretoyou,itisthesametome.Wecannotbedeprived(失去)ofthehappyconsciousnessofthepuredevotiontothepublicgoodandIhaveconfidence____30____sufficientevidencewillfinditswaytoanothergenerationtoensure,afterwearegone,whateverofjusticemaybewithheldwhilewearehere.〞SectionB.Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.analysisB.usuallyC.assuresD.poursE.developmentF.necessaryG.cloudyH.absentI.cultivateJ.allowK.extremelyHeiskindly TheothereveningatadancingclubayoungmanintroducedmetoMr.andMrs.F.ScottFitzgerald,andScottseemedtohavechangedalotfromthefirsttimeImethimatPrinceton,whenhewasaneagerundergraduatetryinghisbestto__31__himselfintoagreatauthor.Heisstilltryinghardtobeagreatauthor.Heisatworknowonanovelwhichhiswife__32__meisfarbetterthanThisSideofParadise,butlikemostofouryoungernovelistshefindsit__33__toproduceacertainnumberofshortstoriestomakethewheelsgoaround.ThatTheVegetable,hisplay,didnotreceiveaManhattanpresentationseemstohavedisappointedratherthandiscouragedhim.Heisstill__34__light-hearted. Ihavealwaysconsideredhimthemostbrilliantofouryoungernovelists.Notoneofthemcantoughhisstyle,northesuperbqualityofhissatire(挖苦).Hehasyettoputtheminanovelwithcarefulnessofconceptionand__35__ofcharacter.Hecanbecomealmostanykindofwriterthathispeculiarlyrestlesscharacterwill__36__. BorninSt.Paul,heattendedPrinceton,servedintheArmy,wrotehisfirstnovelinatrainingcamp,achievedfameandfortune,marriedaSoutherngirl,hasachildandlivesinNewYork.Atheart,heisoneofthekindliestoftheyoungerwriters.ArtistrymeansagreatdealtoF.ScottFizgerald,andintohisownbestworkhe__37__greatefforts.Hedemandsthisintheworkofothers,andwhenhedoesnotfindithecriticizeswithpassionateearnestness.Ihaveknownhim,afterreadingayoungfellow-novelist’sbook,totakewhatmusthavebeenhoursoftimetowritehimalengthy,careful__38__. Justwhathewillwriteinthefutureremains__39__.Withafirmerreputationthanthatoftheotheryoungpeople,heyetseemstometohaveachievedratherlessthanRobertNathanandrathermorethanStephenVincentBenet,CyrilHume.Hiscomingnovelshouldmeanadefinitepredictionforfuturework.Itistobehopedthatfromitwillbe__40__theseeminglyunavoidablemoderngirls.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionAStandardsforSchools:DevelopingOrganizationalAccountability(绩效) Qualityteachingdependsonnotjustteacher’sknowledgeandskillsbutontheenvironmentinwhichtheywork.Schoolsneedtoofferacoherentcurriculumfocusedonhigher-orderthinkingandperformanceacrosssubjectareasandgrades,timeforteacherstowork__41__withstudentstoaccomplishchallenginggoals,opportunitiesforteacherstoplanwithandlearnfromoneanother,andregularoccasionstoevaluatetheoutcomesoftheir__42__. Ifschoolsaretobecomemoreresponsible,theymust,likeotherprofessionalorganizations,makeevaluationandassessmentpartoftheireverydaylives.Justashospitalshavestandingcommitteesofstaffthatmeetregularlytolookatevaluationdataanddiscussthe__43__ofeachaspectoftheirwork–apracticereinforcedbytheiraccreditation(评定)requirements,-schoolsmusthaveregularoccasionstoexaminetheirpracticeandeffectiveness. AsRichardRothsteinandcolleaguesdescribeinGradingEducation:GettingAccountabilityRight,school-levelaccountabilitycanbesupportedbyschool__44__,likethosecommoninmanyothernations,inwhichtrainedexpertsevaluateschoolsbyspendingseveraldaysvisitingclassrooms,__45__samplesofstudentwork,andinterviewingstudentsabouttheirunderstandingandtheirexperiences,__46__lookingatobjectivedatasuchastestscores,graduationrates,andsoon.Insomecases,principalsaccompanytheinspectorsintoclassroomsandareaskedfortheirownevaluationsofthelessons.Inthisway,theinspectorsareabletomake__47__abouttheinstructionalandsupervisorycompetence(能力)forprincipals.Asdescribedearlier,inspectorsmayalsoplayaroleinensuringthe__48__andcomparabilityofschool-basedassessments(asinEnglandandAustralia),aswellasschool’sinternalassessmentandevaluationprocess(asinHongKong). Inmostcountries’inspectionsystems,schoolsareratedonthequalityofinstructionandotherservicesandsupports,aswellasstudents’__49__andprogressonawiderangeofaspects,includingandgoingbeyondacademicsubjectareas,suchasextra-curricular,personalandsocial__50__,theacquisitionofworkplaceskillsandthe__51__towhichstudentsareencouragedtoadoptsafepracticesanda__52__lifestyle.Schoolsareratedastowhethertheypassinspection,needmodestimprovements,orrequireseriousintervention(介入),andtheyreceiveextensivefeedbackonwhattheinspectorsbothsawand__53__.Reportsarepubliclyposted.Schoolsrequiringinterventionarethengivenmoreexpert__54__andsupport,andareplacedonamorefrequentscheduleofvisits.Thosethatpersistentlyfailtopassmaybeplacedunderlocalgovernmentcontrolandcouldbe__55__iftheyarenotimproved.41. A.occasionally B.closely C.strictly D.peacefully42. A.challenges B.competence C.curriculum D.practices43. A.effectiveness B.faults C.progress D.requirements44. A.instruction B.protection C.inspection D.consideration45. A.taking B.improving C.examining D.copying46. A.asfaras B.ratherthan C.otherthan D.aswellas47. A.judgments B.decisions C.inquiries D.suggestions48. A.quantity B.quality C.instruction D.support49. A.education B.performance C.attention D.interest50. A.responsibility B.structure C.resources D.benefits51. A.frequency B.consistence C.satisfaction D.extent52. A.comparable B.healthy C.different D.unique53. A.appreciated B.criticized C.recommended D.rewarded54. A.attention B.programs C.evaluation D.explanations55. A.setdown B.putdown C.closeddown D.pulleddownSectionB22%(A)NATIONALGEOGRAPHICNEWSHumanAnimalNewsAncientWorldSpaceTechCultureWarningfromExpertsAgrowingamountofhuman-madeorbitaldebris(太空轨道残骸)一fromrocketstagesandout-of-datesatellite---iscirclingtheEarth.Scientistssaytheorbitaldebris,betterknownasspacejunk,posesanincreasingthreattospaceactivities.“Thisisagrowingenvironmentalproblem,〞saidNicholasJonson,thechiefscientistandprogrammanagerfororbitaldebrisatNASA(美国航空航天局)inHouston,Texas.Johnsonandhisteamhavedevelopedacomputermodelcapableofsimulatingpastandfutureamountsofspacejunk.Themodelpredictsthatevenwithoutfuturerocketorsatellitelaunches,theamountofdebrisinloworbitaroundEarthwillremainsteadythrough2055,afterwhichitwillincrease.Whilecurrenteffortshavefocusedolimitingfuturespacejunk,thesescientistssayremovinglargepiecesofoldspacejunkwillsoonbenecessary.Sincethefirstlaunchofsatellitein1957,humanshavebeengeneratingspacejunk.TheU.S.SpaceSurveillanceNetworkiscurrentlytrackingover13,000human-madeobjectslargerthantencentimetersindiameterorbitingtheEarth.“Ofthe13000objects,over40percentcamefrombreakupsofbothspacecraftandrocketbodies,〞Johnsonsand.Inaddition,therearehundredsofthousandsofsmallerobjectsinspace.Theseincludeeverythingfrompiecesofplastictobitsofpaint.Muchofthissmallerjunkhascomefromexplodingrocketstages.Stagesaresectionsofarocketthathavetheirownfuelorengines.Theseobjectstravelatspeedsover35,000kilometersanhour.Atsuchhighspeed,evensmalljunkcantearholesinaspacecraftordisableasatellitebycausingelectricalshortsthatresultfromcloudsofsuperheatedgas.Johnsonbelievesitmaybetimetothinkabouthowtoremovejunkfromspace.Previousproposalsrangefromsendingupspacecraftstograbjunkandbringitdowntousinglaserstoslowanobject'sorbittocauseittofallbacktoEarthmorequickly.Givencurrenttechnology,thoseproposalsappearneithertechnicallynoreconomicallypractical,“Spacejunkislikeanyenvironmentalproblem.“Johnsonadmits.“It’sgrowing.Ifyoudon’tdealwithitnow,itwillonlybecomeworse,andthesolutionsinthefuturearegoingtobeevenmorecostly.〞56.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?A.AdvancedtechnologyisusedtoremovespacesjunkB.NASAisresponsiblefortheenvironmentalproblem.C.CleaningupthespacejunkisgreatlyneededD.Humanactivitiesgeneratemuchorbitaldebris57.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.RocketlaunchesproducemoredebristhansatellitelaunchesB.Spacejunkisendangeringhumanbeings'spaceactivitiesC.It'snecessarytocleanupthelargepiecesofoldspacejunkD.Evenatinypieceofspacejunkcandestroyaspacecraft58.WhatdoesJohnthinkofthepreviousproposalstograbspacejunkandbringitdowntotheearth?A.ReasonableB.UnbelievableC.ReliableD.Impractical(B)ABCNews:ParentswhowanttopickuptheirkidsatschoolinoneNewJerseydistrictnowcansubmittoiris(虹膜)scans,asthetechnologythathelpskeepournation’sairportsandhotelssafebeginstomakeitswayfurtherintoAmericanlives.Whenpickingupachild,theadultprovidesadriver’slicenseandthensubmitstoaneyescan.Iftheirisimagecamerarecognizeshisorhereyes,thedoorclicksopen. TheFreeholdWhenpickingupachild,theadultprovidesadriver’slicenseandthensubmitstoaneyescan.Iftheirisimagecamerarecognizeshisorhereyes,thedoorclicksopen. Asmanyasfouradultscanbeauthorizedtopickupeachchildinthedistrict,butinordertobeauthorizedtocomeintoschool,theywillbeaskedtoregisterwiththedistrict’sirisrecognitionsecurityandvisitormanagementsystem.Atthispoint,theNewJerseyprogramisnotamust. Ifsomeonetriestoslipinbehindanauthorizedperson,thesystemcausesanalarmandredflashinglightsinthefrontoffice.Theentireprocesstakesjustseconds. ThiskindoftechnologyisalreadyatworkinairportsaroundthecountrylikeOrlando Anirisscanissaidtobemoreaccuratethanafingerprintbecauseitrecords240uniquedetails—farmorethantheseventotwenty-fourdetailsthatareanalyzedinfingerprints.Thechancesofbeingmisidentifiedbyanirisscanareaboutonein1.2millionandjustonein1.44trillionifyouscanbotheyes. PhilMeara,theFreeholdDistrictofficial,saidthatalthoughitwasexpensive,theprogramwouldhelpschoolsacrossthecountrymoveintoanewfrontierinchildprotection.“Thisisallpartofalargeremphasis,hereinNewJersey,onschoolsafety,〞hesaid.“Wechosethisschoolbecausewewerelookingforatypicalslightlyurbanschooltolaunchthesystem.〞 Mearaappliedfora$369,000grantonbehalfoftheschooldistrictandhadtheeyescannersinstalledintwogrammarschoolsandonemiddleschool.Sofar,300ofthenearly1,500individualsavailabletopickupastudentfromschoolhaveregisteredfortheeyescansystem.59. WhydoestheFreehold A.Toensuretheschoolsafetyandefficiencyofpickingupchildren. B.ToencouragemorestudentstoregisterinNewJerseyurbanschools. C.Totesttheeffectivenessofschoolsecurityandmanagementsystem. D.Tocollecttheinformationofthechildrenandtheirbelovedparents.60. What’stheadvantageoftheeyescansystemoverfingerprints? A.Havingmanymoresubscribersthroughoutthecountry. B.Authorizingtheadultstopickupchildrenmoreflexibly. C.Attractingparentsinalargerproportiontoregisterforit. D.Makingalmostnomistakesinidentifyingtheauthorized.61. HowdoesPhilMearahelptoprotectthesafetyofchildren? A.Byaskingpeopletoregisterwiththesecuritysystem. B.Byapplyingforgranttoinstalleyescannersinschools. C.Byaskingthedepartmentofjusticetofundthisprogram. D.ByturningtoOrlando62. Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage? A.ParentsFavortheEyeScanSystemB.SecurityManagementNeedsImproving.C.HighTechnologyComestoSchoolD.IrisScannersareInventedintheCountry.(C)DustyNash,anangelic-lookingblondchildofseven,awokeat5onerecentmorninginhisChicagohomeandbegantothrowafit.Hecriedandkicked.Everymuscleinhis50-1b.bodyflewinviolentmotion.Finally,afterabout30minutes,DustyPulledhimselftogethersufficientlytoheaddownstairsforbreakfast.Whilehismotherwasbusyinthekitchen,theextremelyexcitedchildpulledaboxofKixcerealfromthecupboardandsatonachair.Butsittingstillwasnoteasythismorning.Aftergrabbingsomecerealwithhishands,hebegankickingthebox,scatteringlittleroundcompuffsacrosstheroomNextheturnedhisattentiontotheTVset,orrather,thetablesupportingit.Thetablewascoveredwithacheck-boardCon-Tactpaper,andDustybeganpeelingitoff.Thenhebecameinterestedinthespilledcerealandstartedsmashingitintobits.Itwasonly7:30,andhismotherKyleNash,whoteachesamedical-schoolcourseondeathanddying,wasalreadyfeelinghalfdeadfromexhaustion.Dustywastoseehisdoctorsthatdayat4,andtheyhadaskedhernottogivetheboythedrugheusuallytakestocontrolhisextremeexcitementandattentionproblems,aconditionknownasattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder(ADHD).ItwasgoingtobeaverylongdaywithouthelpfromRitain,apowerfuldrugwhichsomepeopletakeforpleasure,butwhichtheycanbecomeaddictedto.KarenneBloomgardenrememberssuchdaysalltoowellThespirited,43-year-oldbossandgymteacherwasadisasterasachildgrowingupinNewJersey.Ididverypoorlyinschool"sherecalls.Herteachersandparentswereconstantlyonhercasefortoughbehavior."TheyjustfeltIwasbeingbad---tooloud,toophysical,tooeverything"Anaughtytomboywithfewfriends,shesawapsychologistatage10."butnobodycameupwithadiagnosis".Asateenagershebeganprescribingherownmedication:marijuana,andlatercocaine.TheathleticBloomgardenmanagedtogetintocollege,butsheadmitsthatshecheatedherwaytoadiploma"Iwouldstudyandstudy,andIwouldn'trememberathing.Ireallyfeltitwasmyfault.〞Aftergraduating,shedidfineinphysicallyactivejobsbutwasanxiousaboutadministrativework.Then,fouryeasago,adoctorputalabelonhertroubles:ADHD.“It'sbeensuchaweighoffmyshoulders"saysBloomgarden,whotakesbothstimulantRitalinandtheantidepressantZolofttoimproveherconcentration.“Ihad38yearsofthinkingIwasabadperson.NowI'mrewritingthetapesofwhoIthoughtIwastowhoIreallyam.〞63.Whatdoesthephrase“throwafit"inthe1stparagraphprobablymean?A.turnoneselfaroundcasuallyB.falldowntothegroundcarelesslyC.loseone'stempersuddenlyD.shoutandcomplainloudly64.WhydidDustyNashmesstheroom?A.HewasreluctanttolistentohismotherB.Hecouldn’tfocusonanythingforawhileC.HeforgottotakethemedicineheusuallytookD.Hewasafraidtoseethedoctorwithhismother.65.Thepassageischieflyconcernedwith_______________A.thevisiblesymptomsofthediseaseADHDB.theprecisedefinitionofthediseaseADHDC.Dusty'sexperiencesinhischildhoodandcollegeD.Karenne'sconfessingofcheatingtogetadiploma66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Dustywenttoseehisprivatedoctoreveryweekinthepastyears.B.Dusty'smothertookcareofhimtillhewasadmittedtoacollegeC.ApsychologistexaminedKarenneandcuredherseriousdisease.D.Karennedidn'tknowherselfwelluntilshewasdiagnosedwithADHDSectionCA.Someexpertsthinkthatthewealthgainedfromtradeallowedforsuchleisureinsportsandthearts.B.Expertsbelievethatakingandmostlyafemalepriestruledthegovernmentandcontrolledtrade.C.InancientGreekmyths,Minoansocietywasquiteprosperousandhighlycivilized.D.ThepalacethatEvansunearthedacenturyagowasthefirstproofofMinoanculture.E.Minoanculturedidn’texistbeforeuntilArthurEvansdiscoveredthepalaceundertheearth.F.Althoughnotyetdecoded,writtenscriptonclaytabletsappearstolisttradeaccounts.TheMinoans:AForgottenPeople ThefirstadvancedcultureinancientGreecewastheMinoanculture.Forthousandsofyears,knowledgeofthesepeoplesurvivedonlyinGreekmyths.Inthelate19thcentury,archaeologistsbegantounearthruins.ThisinspiredArthurEvanstobegindiggingontheislandofCretenearmainlandGreece.OnadiginKbossos,Evansfoundanancientpalace.Expertsthinkthatitwasthepalaceof ____67____Withhisteam,heuncoveredavaststructure,variedworksofart,andmanyhieroglyphicrecords,Thesefinds,togetherwithlaterfinds,compriseallthatexpertsknowaboutMinoanculture. Fromtheevidenceexpertsgathered,itisclearthattheMinoanswereaheadoftheirtime.ThepalaceatKnossoswasfivefloorshighwithhundredsofrooms.Buildingsthroughouttheancientcityhadplumbingandflushtoilets.Stonepavementlinedthesurfacesoftheroads.Inaddition,theMinoanspossessedahighlydevelopednavalfleetforlong-distancetrade.____68_____Theserecordsconfirmthecentralroleofcommerceinculture. ExpertanalysisoftheevidencealsooffersinsightintosomeaspectsofMinoansociety.____69____Ruinsandartworksuggestthatpeopleofallclassesenjoyedahighdegreeofsocialandgenderequality.ReligiousiconsshowthatMinoansworshipedbulls,thenaturalworld,andmanyfemalegods. AnunusualfeatureofMinoansculturewasthepursuitofleisureinterests.SportandvisualartswerecentraltoMinoanlife.Boxingandbulljumping,asportinwhichplayersjumpedoverlivebulls,werepopular.Althoughbulljumpingmayhaveservedsomeritualpurpose,expertsbelievethatitwasdonemostlyforfun.Similarly,