上海市文达学校2024年七下英语期末经典试题含答案

上海市文达学校2024年七下英语期末经典试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分10分）1、Hainanlies________thesouthofChina,and________thesouthofGuangdong.A.to,in B.on,in C.in,on D.in,to2、He_________mehisname,butIcan’trememberitnow.A.tells B.willtell C.told D.istelling3、Don'tmakesomuchnoise,______?A.willyou B.won'tyou C.shallwe D.doyou4、Don’t________musicwhentheteacheristalking.A.listen B.listento C.listensto5、Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeputinthemindmap?A.animal B.food C.plant D.fruit6、—Whatdoesyourteacherlooklike?—He________longhairandwearsglasses.A.has B.is C.have D.wears7、SamdidverywellintheEnglishexam.Hemade_______mistakes.A.little B.alittle C.few D.afew8、—________isitfromyourhometoschool?—Itistenminutes’walk.A.How B.When C.Howlong D.Howfar9、It’swindyandcold_______winter_______Beijing.A.on,at B.on,in C.in,on D.in,in10、—Doyouknowhowtospellword“expensive”inEnglish?—Yes.Itbeginswith“e”.A.the;a B.the;an C.a;an D.the;the二、短文填空（10分）11、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。Mr.Henrywenttoadinnerparty.Hewaswearingoldclothes.Hecameintotheroom.Butpeopleintheroomdidn’tlookathim.Theydidn’taskhim____1____(sit)atthetable.Mr.Henrywenthomeandputonhis____2____(good)clothes.Hewentbacktotheparty.Everyoneintheroom____3____(stand)upandsmiledathim.Theygavehimverygoodfoodtoeat.Mr.Henrytookoffhisclothes____4____(angry),andputthembeforethefoodandsaid,“Eat!Clothes!”Theotherpeopleasked“Whatareyoudoing?”Heanswered,“I____5____(ask)mycoattoeatfood.WhenIwaswearingmyoldclothes.Youdidn’tlookatme.Youdidn’taskmetositdown.NowI’mintheseclothes.Andyougivemeverygoodfood.SoIseeyougivethefoodtomyclothes,nottome.”三、语法填空（10分）12、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。Twoteamsofboyswantedtoplayafootballmatch.Everyonebroughtsomethingforplaying,suchasafootball,whistles,etc.There____1____(be)noleadersinbothteams.Theyagreedthatthepersonwiththemostimportantthingcouldbe____2____leaderoftheirteam.However,theycouldn’tdecidewhotochoose.Thenthey____3____(plan)tostartthegameandgaveupthethingsonebyonetoseewhosethingswerethemostimportantatlast.Thegamestarted.Thereferees(裁判)weretoldnottousethewhistles.Thegoalkeepers(守门员)wereaskedtoplaywithout____4____(glove).Theyevenkickedabottlebutnotthefootball.Everythingwasgivenup,and____5____(final)noonebecametheleader.ladywatchedthegameandsaid,“Footballisateamsportofgreatfun.____6____allofyoulookunhappy.Nowyouarenot____7____(have)funorplayinglikeateam.”Hearingwhattheladysaid,theyrememberedthattheyused____8____(play)footballhappilyevenwithnoleaders.Sotheydecidedtoplaythefootballgame____9____allthethings.Thistime,theyshouted,laughedandenjoyed____10____(they)togetherwiththesameteamgoal—tohavefunasateam.四、完形填空（10分）13、阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Myhusbandgavemy6-year-oldson$10,apen,anorangeandatoyonhisbirthday,butmysononlytookthe____1____everywherehewent—toschool,tothelibrary,everywhere.Hewouldeven____2____betterwiththe$10underhishead.Yousee,hecouldpayit____3____somecookiesbuthedidn’t,becausehewantedtobuysomething____4____.Oneday,mysonandIwenttoagrocerystore（杂货店）.Outsidethestore,mysonfoundamanwas____5____fromothercustomers（顾客）:Hewasplayingtheguitarand____6____,havingasmallpotinfrontofhimwithsomemoneyinside.Mysonaskedme,“____7____isthatmandoing?”Isaid,“He’scollecting（收集）moneyforpoorchildrenwho____8____haveanytoys.”Ikeptwalkingintothestore,____9____mysonstayedbehind.Hereachedintohispocketand____10____his$10.Heputitintotheman’spot____11____andwalkedovertome.Isaid,“Youreallymademevery____12____,son.”Hetoldme,“Iheardavoicein____13____headthatsaid‘gotogivethatmanyourmoney’.ButthenIheard___14___voicethatsaidkeepthemoneyforyourself.”Itoldmyson,“I____15____youlistenedtotherightvoice.”Helookedatmeandsaid,“Yes,butwhosevoicewasit?”Ilaughedandsaid,“Thatwasthevoiceofyourconscience（良知）.”1.A.money B.toy C.orange D.pen2.A.eat B.play C.sleep D.study3.A.into B.for C.up D.off4.A.expensive B.free C.cheap D.special5.A.quiet B.lazy C.surprised D.different6.A.singingsongs B.learningEnglish C.makingmoney D.teachingstudents7.A.Why B.What C.When D.Where8.A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.don’t9.A.and B.but C.so D.if10.A.wentout B.putout C.tookout D.gaveout11.A.unhappily B.quickly C.cutely D.luckily12.A.pleased B.sad C.relaxed D.kind13.A.her B.your C.my D.his14.A.another B.other C.theother D.others15.A.ask B.forget C.wish D.know五、阅读理解（30分）14、WelcometotheEnglishCornerDoyoulikeEnglish?Wewelcomeyou.OurEnglishteachersareverykindtothestudents.Time:EverySaturdaymorningfrom9:00to11:30.Teachers:EllenWhiteSheisfromAmerica.Shehastenyearsofteachingexperience(经验).English-lovingstudentsinGrade7cantalkwithherinthefirstEnglishactivityroom.RickBlackHecomesfromEngland.Heisgoodattalkingwithpeople.HespeaksEnglishwell.English-lovingstudentsinGrade8andGrade9cantalkwithhiminthesecondEnglishactivityroom.1.WhenwilltheseEnglishactivitiesbegin?A.At9:00onSaturdaymorning. B.At9:30onSaturdaymorning.C.At9:00onSundaymorning. D.At9:30onFridaymorning.2.IfyouwanttotalkwithEllen,youcangoto________.A.Englishteachers’office B.EnglishteachingroomC.thefirstEnglishactivityroom D.thesecondEnglishactivityroom3.HowmanyteachersarethereintheEnglishCorner?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.4.Inthetext(文本),youcanknow________.A.RickBlackisanAmericanB.EllenWhitecanspeakChineseC.studentsareinterestedintheEnglishCornerD.Ellenhasteachingexperience5.Thetextisa(n)________.A. B. C. D.15、littleBritishboywaslookingatateakettleabovefire.Thewaterwithinitbegantobubble(冒泡).Thesteamrosefromthespout(壶嘴)andsoonthelid(壶盖)wasmovedup.Butwhenhelookedunderthelid,hecouldseenothingbutwater.Heaskedhisgrandmawhatmovedthelidup.Sherepliedthatthewatermadesteamandthesteammovedupthelid.However,hefurtherasked,“Ifthesteamfromsolittlewaterissostrong,whywouldnotthesteamfromagreatdealofwaterbeagreatdealstronger?Whycouldn’titbemadetomoveupamuchgreaterweight?Whycouldn’titbemadetoturnwheels?”Withnoanswerstothesequestions,hisgrandmamadenoreply.Shewentaboutherworkquietlyandtheboykeptstudyingtheteakettleinhisplace.Astheboygrewup,henevergaveuplookingforanswerstothosequestions.Finally,hesucceededinfindingthem.ThelittleboyisJamesWatt,theworld-famousinventorofthefirstsuccessfulformofthesteamengine.Watt’slittlequestionschangedtheworld.Yourlittlequestionsmightchangetheworld,too.1.Whatdidtheboyseeunderthelid?A.Fire. B.Steam. C.Water. D.Nothing.2.Whatdidtheboyprobablybelieve?A.Steamisweakerthanwater. B.Steamcanmakewheelsturn.C.Steamcanmoveupeverything. D.Steamweighsmorethanwater.3.Whydidn’tgrandmareplytothequestions?A.Shewasquietallthetime. B.Shedidn’twanttoanswer.C.Shewastoobusytoanswer. D.Shedidn’tknowtheanswers.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto?A.Answers. B.Questions. C.Teakettles. D.Engines.5.Whatdoesthewriterprobablywantustodo?A.Toanswerquestions. B.Toaskquestions.C.Tochangetheworld. D.Toinventengines.16、GuiHaichaoisauniversityprofessor.Hisdreamofflyingtospacehasnowcometrue.TogetherwithJingHaipengandZhuYangzhu,GuitookoffontheShenzhou-16spacecraftfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentreinnorthwestChinaonMay30th.InthisjourneytotheChinaSpaceStation,GuihasbecomethefirstChinesecivilianastronautandpayloadspecialist(民间航天员和有效载荷专家)togointospace.Inthespacestation,hewillkeepthepayloadforspacescienceexperimentsworkingwell.GuigrewupinanordinaryfamilyinsouthwestChina’sYunnanProvince.Hisinterestinspacebeganattheageof17whenhegotthenewsofYangLiwei’shistoricspaceflightforChinain2003.“Iwastednotime,”saidGui,“whenIfoundthatChinawasrecruiting(招募)itsfirstgroupofpayloadspecialistsin2018.”Overthepastfewyears,Guitrainedhard.However,thetrainingwasreallydifficultforhim.“Ievencouldn’tstandafterthecentrifugerotation(离心旋转)training,”saidtheprofessor.“SoIaddedmoreexercisesandpracticedeveryday.Iaskedhelpfromothers,andusedsomeofthetrainingwaysforpilots.Finally,Imadeitanditwasamazing.”1.Whatcan’twelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.GuiHaichao’sjob. B.GuiHaichao’sdream.C.GuiHaichao’steammates. D.GuiHaichao’sworkingplace.2.WhoplayedapartinbuildingGui’sinterest?A.YangLiwei. B.JingHaipeng. C.ZhuYangzhu. D.Gui’sfather.3.HowmanyyearsdidGuiwaitbeforeheknewhecouldprobablyachievehisdream?A.Forthirty-sixyears. B.Forseventeenyears. C.Forfifteenyears. D.Fortenyears.4.WhichofthefollowingcandescribeGui?A.Warm-hearted. B.Patient. C.Hard-working. D.Smart.5.Inwhichpartofthenewspapercanweseethepassage?A.Newscience. B.Greatpeople. C.Spacetrips. D.Interestsandhobbies.六、完成句子（10分）17、The________(高度)ofCantonToweris600meters.18、Don’t________(听)tomusicinclass.19、Yesterdaywehadaschooltriptothez________andsawmanyanimalsthere.20、Thegirllikestocollectdifferent________(leaf).Shefindsthemsobeautiful.21、Mumalwaystellsmetogivemys________tooldpeopleonthebus.七、补全对话（10分）22、在横线上写出符合情境的句子完成对话，使对话完整、通顺。每空一词。Dave:Hi,Eric.____________1____________?Eric:Mytripwasgreat.Dave:____________2____________?Eric:IwenttoToronto.Dave:Really?Wow!Whatdidyoudo?Eric:Well,we____________3____________（参观一家有趣的动物园）andatesomenicefood.Dave:____________4____________goshopping?Eric:Yeah,Idid.Iboughtsomegiftsformyfriends.Dave:Howwerethepeoplethere?Eric:Thepeopletherewerereallyfriendly.Myparentshavesomefriendsthere,andwe____________5____________（吃晚餐）attheirhouse.八、阅读表达（10分）23、请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写的答案语法正确，语义完整。What’syourfavoritefoodorfruit?David:Iama13-year-oldboy.Idon’tlikevegetables.Mymomalwaysletsmeeatcarrots.Shesaystheyaregoodforme.ButIdon’tlikethem.Ionlyliketomatoes.MybrotherEriclikescarrots.EricandIhavemilkeveryday.Weloveit.Henry:Iama14-year-oldboy.Ilikehamburgers.Ieathamburgerseveryweek.Ialsolikechicken.Mygrandmaoftencookschickenforme.Ilikericeandchickenfordinner.Idon’tlikecarrots.Ilikefruit.Andmyfavouritefruitisgrape.Sarah:Iaman12-year-oldgirl.Ilikefruitandvegetables,andmyfamilylikethem,too.Andwelikeeatingfruitandvegetablesfromourgardens.Mymothersaystheyarehealthy.Myfatherlikeseatingchicken,butIdon’tlikeitatall.1.HowoldisDavid?______________________________________________2.WhatvegetabledoesDavidlike?______________________________________________3.WhooftencookschickenforHenry?______________________________________________4.WheredoSarah’sfamilygetfruitandvegetables?______________________________________________5.Howmanypeopledon’tlikecarrotsinthepassage?______________________________________________九、书面表达（20分）那个小女孩再也不害怕动物了。___________________________________________________

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分10分）1、D【解析】【详解】句意：海南位于中国南部，广东南面。考查地点介词辨析。to两个地方不接壤；in一个地方在另一个地方范围内；on两个地方接壤。根据“Hainan”和“China”可知海南在中国范围内，而由“Hainan”和“Guangdong”可知海南和广东不接壤，故选D。2、C【解析】【详解】句意：他告诉过我他的名字，但是现在我不记得了。根据butIcan’trememberitnow可知是过去告诉过我，所以用一般过去时态；tells一般现在时态的结构，willtell一般将来时态的结构，told一般过去时态的结构，istelling现在进行时态的结构；故选C。3、A【解析】【详解】句意：不要那么吵闹，好吗？否定祈使句的反义疑问句用willyou。故选A。4、B【解析】【详解】句意：老师说话的时候不要听音乐。考查动词短语和助动词。do是助动词，助动词后加动词原形，所以排除C选项，listentomusic“听音乐”，排除A选项。故选B。5、B【解析】【详解】句意：下面哪个单词可以放进思维导图里？考查名词辨析和常识。animal动物；food食物；plant植物；fruit水果。根据思维导图中“fish”、“sandwich”及“wheat”可知鱼、三明治、小麦都属于食物，所以food“食物”填入思维导图里。故选B。6、A【解析】【详解】句意：——你的老师长什么样？——他留着长发，戴着眼镜。考查动词辨析和一般现在时语法。has有；is是；have有，动词原形；wears穿。根据“He...longhairandwearsglasses.”可知是指老师有长头发，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故选A。7、C【解析】【详解】句意：山姆在英语考试中做得很好。他几乎没有犯错误。考查代词辨析。afew/alittle少数；少量，是一对用作表示数量的不定代词的固定词组，它们具有名词和形容词的性质，都表示肯定的意思。它们的不同点是：afew指代或修饰可数名词的复数，alittle指代或修饰不可数名词。few和little表示否定，意思是“几乎一点没有”，相当于not…many或not…much。和afew和alittle一样，few指代或修饰可数名词的复数而little指代或修饰不可数名词。mistake是可数名词，又根据“SamdidverywellintheEnglishexam.”可知，是山姆很少犯错误，故选C。8、D【解析】【详解】句意：——从你家到学校有多远？——步行十分钟。考查特殊疑问句。How怎样，如何；When什么时候；Howlong多长时间；Howfar多远。根据回答“Itistenminutes’walk.”可知，询问距离（家到学校有多远）。故选D。9、D【解析】【详解】句意：在北京的冬天，天气寒冷，有风。inwinter在冬天；in+地点，表示在某地。故选D。10、B【解析】【详解】句意“-你知道如何用英语拼写昂贵这个单词吗？-知道，它是以一个e开头的”。本题考查冠词。第一空处特指expensive这个单词，用the，第二空处表示“一个e”，且e为元音音标开头，用an，故选B。二、短文填空（10分）11、1.tosit2.best3.stood4.angrily5.amasking【解析】【导语】本文讲的是Mr.Henry穿着旧衣服去参加晚会，没有人理会他，后来他换上好衣服每个人都对他特别的热情。教育人们不要以貌取人。【1题详解】句意：他们没有要求他坐在桌旁。根据句中的“ask”可知，asksb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填tosit。【2题详解】句意：Mr.Henry回到家，穿上他最好的衣服。根据第一段可知，Mr.Henry穿着旧衣服去参加晚会，没有人理会他，因此此处是指他回到家穿上了最好的衣服，good“好的”的最高级为best。故填best。【3题详解】句意：房间里的每个人都站起来对他微笑。根据语境和句中的“smiled”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，因此动词stand“站立”应改为过去式stood。故填stood。【4题详解】句意：Mr.Henry生气地脱下衣服。根据句中的动词“took”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，因此形容词angry“生气的”应变为副词“angrily”。故填angrily。【5题详解】句意：我正在要求我的我外套吃东西。根据语境和句意可知，Mr.Henry正在要求他的外套吃东西，表示正在发生的动作应用现在进行时，其结构为bedoing，主语为I，be动词为am，动词ask“要求”应改为现在分词形式asking。故填amasking。三、语法填空（10分）12、1.were2.the3.planned4.gloves5.finally6.But7.having8.toplay9.with10.themselves【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了两队男孩想进行一场足球比赛，但是最后玩得都不开心，经过一个女士的开导后，大家决定用所有的东西来踢足球，最后玩得很开心。【1题详解】句意：两队都没有队长。主语是复数，结合后句可知句子是一般过去时，be动词用were。故填were。【2题详解】句意：他们一致认为，最重要的人可以成为他们团队的领导者。此处是表示特指，theleaderof“……的领导者”，故填the。【3题详解】句意：然后他们计划开始游戏，一个一个地放弃东西，看看谁的东西是最重要的。plan“计划”，是动词，根据前句可知本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填planned。【4题详解】句意：守门员被要求不戴手套比赛。glove“手套”，常用复数形式。故填gloves。【5题详解】句意：一切都放弃了，最后没有人成为领导者。final是形容词，此处应用副词finally作状语成分，故填finally。【6题详解】句意：但你们看起来都不高兴。根据“Footballisateamsportofgreatfun...allofyoulookunhappy.”可知前后是转折关系，应用but连接。故填But。【7题详解】句意：现在你们玩得不开心，也不像一个团队。have是动词，形式需要和or后的playing保持一致。故填having。【8题详解】句意：听到这位女士的话，他们想起了他们曾经在没有领导的情况下快乐地踢足球。usedtodosth“过去常常做某事”，为固定短语，故填toplay。【9题详解】句意：所以他们决定用所有的东西来踢足球。根据“playthefootballgame...allthethings.”可知是指用所有的东西来踢足球，应用介词with“用”，故填with。【10题详解】句意：这一次，他们喊着，笑着，玩得很开心，他们有一个共同的团队目标——作为一个团队，玩得开心。enjoyoneself“玩得开心”，they的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。四、完形填空（10分）13、1.A2.C3.B4.D5.D6.A7.B8.D9.B10.C11.B12.A13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的丈夫给了他们的儿子10美元，儿子总是随身带着爸爸给他的10美元。有一天，他在店门口遇见了为没有玩具的孩子筹款的男人，他经过一番思想斗争后，决定把钱捐给了男人，作者为她的儿子感到骄傲。【1题详解】句意：但是我的儿子只拿着钱去他去的任何地方——学校，图书馆，任何地方。money金钱；toy玩具；orange橙子；pen钢笔。根据“betterwiththe$10underhishead”可知，带着钱到处走，故选A。【2题详解】句意：他甚至可以枕着那10美元睡得更好。eat吃；play玩；sleep睡觉；study学习。根据“withthe$10underhishead”可知，把这10美元放在头下面枕着睡觉，故选C。【3题详解】句意：你看，他可以付一些饼干的钱，但他没有，因为他想买一些特别的东西。into到……里面；for为了；up向上；off离开。payfor“支付”，动词短语，故选B。【4题详解】句意：你看，他可以付一些饼干的钱，但他没有，因为他想买一些特别的东西。expensive昂贵的；free免费的；cheap便宜的；special特别的。根据“becausehewantedtobuysomething”可知，想用这个钱买一些特别的东西，故选D。【5题详解】句意：在商店外面，我儿子发现了一个和其他顾客不同的男人。quiet安静的；lazy懒惰的；surprised惊讶的；different不同的。根据“fromothercustomers”可知，与其他客人不同，differentfrom“与……不同”，故选D。【6题详解】句意：他一边弹吉他一边唱歌。singingsongs唱歌；learningEnglish学习英语；makingmoney赚钱；teachingstudents教学生。根据“Hewasplayingtheguitarand”可知，边弹吉他边唱歌，故选A。【7题详解】句意：那个人正在做什么？Why为什么；What什么；When何时；Where哪里。根据“He’scollecting（收集）moneyforpoorchildren”可知，询问那个人在做什么，故选B。【8题详解】句意：他在为那些没有玩具的穷孩子募捐。shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；don’t不。根据“collecting（收集）moneyforpoorchildrenwho…haveanytoys”可知，为那些没有玩具的穷孩子募捐，故选D。【9题详解】句意：我一直走进商店，但我儿子留在了后面。and和；but但是；so因此；if如果。“Ikeptwalkingintothestore”与“mysonstayedbehind.”是转折关系，故选B。【10题详解】句意：他把手伸进口袋，掏出10美元。wentout出去；putout熄灭；tookout取出；gaveout发出。根据“Heputitintotheman’spot”可知，从兜里拿出10美元，放进这个人的罐子里，故选C。【11题详解】句意：他快速地把它放进那个人的罐子里，然后走到我身边。unhappily不开心地；quickly快速地；cutely可爱地；luckily幸运地。根据“Heputitintotheman’spot”可知，快速地把钱放进那个人的罐子里，故选B。【12题详解】句意：儿子，你真的让我很高兴。pleased满意的，开心的；sad难过的；relaxed放松的；kind善良的。根据“Hereachedintohispocketand…his$10.Heputitintotheman’spot…andwalkedovertome”可知，看到儿子的举动作者感到很开心，故选A。【13题详解】句意：我听到一个声音在我的脑海里说：“去把你的钱给那个人吧。”her她的；your你的；my我的；his他的。根据“Iheardavoicein…head”可知，这个声音出现在“我的”脑海里，故选C。【14题详解】句意：但后来我听到另一个声音说把钱留给你自己。another另一个；other其他的，后接复数名词；theother另一个（两者之间）；others其他的人或物。此空修饰名词voice，且表示不确定数量中的另一个，应填another，故选A。【15题详解】句意：我知道你听对了声音。ask询问；forget忘记；wish祝愿；know知道。根据前文的内容可知，作者知道儿子听从了正确的声音，把自己的钱拿出来给真正需要它的人，故选D。五、阅读理解（30分）14、1.A2.C3.A4.D5.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一个英语角的开放时间和老师情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Time:EverySaturdaymorningfrom9:00to11:30.”可知这些英语活动周六早上9点开始，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“English-lovingstudentsinGrade7cantalkwithherinthefirstEnglishactivityroom.”可知如果你想和Ellen交谈，你可以去第一间英语活动室。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Teachers:EllenWhite...RickBlack”可知英语角有两个老师，故选A。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“SheisfromAmerica.Shehastenyearsofteachingexperience(经验)”可知Ellen有很多教学经验，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。短文主要介绍了一个英语角的开放时间和老师情况，所以此文应该是一个广告，故选B。15、1.C2.B3.D4.A5.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了詹姆斯·瓦特发明蒸汽机背后的故事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Butwhenhelookedunderthelidhecouldseenothingbutwater.”可知男孩在盖子下看到了水，故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“Ifthesteamfromsolittlewaterissostrong,whywouldnotthesteamfromagreatdealofwaterbeagreatdealstronger?Whycouldn’titbemadetomoveupamuchgreaterweight?Whycouldn’titbemadetoturnwheels?”（如果这么少的水产生的蒸汽如此强大，为什么大量的水产生的蒸汽不是更强大呢？为什么不能让它向上移动更大的重量呢？为什么不能让它转动轮子呢？）以及“Astheboygrewup,henevergaveuplookingforanswerstothosequestions.Finally,hesucceededinfindingthem”可知这个男孩就是詹姆斯·瓦特，世界著名的蒸汽机第一种成功形式的发明者，所以他会同意蒸汽能使轮子转动。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“Withnoanswerstothesequestions,hisgrandmamadenoreply.Shewentaboutherworkquietlyandtheboykeptstudyingtheteakettleinhisplace.”可知奶奶没有回答这些问题，应该是因为奶奶不知道问题的答案，故选D。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Astheboygrewup,henevergaveuplookingforanswerstothosequestions.Finally,hesucceededinfindingthem.”（随着男孩的成长，他从未放弃寻找这些问题的答案。最后，他成功地找到了它们。）可知them指的是“问题的答案”，故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“Watt’slittlequestionschangedtheworld.Yourlittlequestionsmightchangetheworld,too.”以及瓦特不断问奶奶问题可知，作者想告诉我们要多问问题。故选B。16、1.D2.A3.C4.C5.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了中国大学教授桂海潮实现了他飞往太空的梦想。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“GuiHaichaoisauniversityprofessor.Hisdreamofflyingtospacehasnowcometrue.TogetherwithJingHaipengandZhuYangzhu,GuitookoffontheShenzhou-16spacecraftfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentreinnorthwestChinaonMay30th.”可知不能了解到桂海潮工作的地方。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hisinterestinspacebeganattheageof17whenhegotthenewsofYangLiwei’shistoricspaceflightforChinain2003.”可知杨利伟在建立桂的兴趣方面起了作用。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hisinterestinspacebeganattheageof17whenhegotthenewsofYangLiwei’shistoricspaceflightforChinain2003.”以及“‘Iwastednotime,’saidGui,‘whenIfoundthatChinawasrecruitingitsfirstgroupofpayloadspecialistsin2018.’”可知桂等了十五年。故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据“Overthepastfewyears,Guitrainedhard.However,thetrainingwasreallydifficultforhim.”以及“‘Ievencouldn’tstandafterthecentrifugerotationtraining,’saidtheprofessor.‘SoIaddedmoreexercisesandpracticedeveryday.Iaskedhelpfromothers,andusedsomeofthetrainingwaysforpilots.Finally,Imadeitanditwasamazing.’”可推断出桂海潮是一位勤劳的人。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“GuiHaichaoisauniversityprofessor.Hisdreamofflyingtospacehasnowcometrue.TogetherwithJingHaipengandZhu