职称英语卫生类b级模拟51

职称英语卫生类B级模拟51

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为

接近的选项。

Reliefworkerswereshockedbywhattheysaw.

A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried

Wehavetoputupwithherbehavior.

A.tolerateB.acceptC.swallowD.take

3、Theyhavegivenupthehopetosavetheirfriendfromdrowning.

A.endedB.abandonedC.builtD.stre

ngthened

4、IseldomwatchTV.

A.rarelyB.frequentlyC.normallyD・oc

casionally

5、Thedentisthasdecidedtotakeoutthegirl'sbadtooth.

A.digB.drawC.pullD.ext

ract

6、Hewasnoteligiblefortheexaminationbecausehewasoverage.

A.competitiveB.diligentC.qualifiedD.c

ompetent

7>HernoveldepictsanambitiousChinese.

A.writesB.sketchesC.describesD.ind

icates

8、Don11irritateher—she*sonashortfusetoday.

A.teaseB.attractC.annoyD.pr

otect

9、Itisabsurdtogooutinsuchterribleweather.

A.ridiculousB.funnyC.oddD.int

eresting

10>Inotifiedhimthatmyaddresshadchanged.

A.informedB.observedC.mockedD.misled

11>Theroomwasfurnishedwiththesimplestessentials：abed,achair,and

atable.

A.suppliedB.gatheredC.graspedD.made

12>Thelocalgovernmentdecidedtomergethetwofirmsintoabigone.

A.motivateB.combineC.compactD.no

minate

13>Heemphasizedafeasibleplanwhichcanbeacceptedbythebothsides.

A.favorableB.possibleC.formalD.gen

vine

14>Whendoesthenexttraindepart?

A.pullupB.pulldownC.pulloutD.pull

in

15、Becauseadministeringthewholecompany,hesometimeshastoworkaroundthe

clock.

A.adjustingB.evaluatingC.engagingD.

managing

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供

的是正确的信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误的信息，请选择B；如果该句的信

息稳重没有提及，请选择C。

StomachUlcer

Stomachulcersarethecauseofseverepainformanypeople.Doctorshave

beenabletohelplessenthepainofulcers,buttheycouldnotcurethem.

Nowdoctorshavediscoveredacauseofulcers.Thismeanstheymayhavefound

awaytocurepeoplewhosufferfromthestomachpain.Studiesshowthatten

percentofthepopulationwilldevelopanulceratsometimeintheirlife.

Soapossiblecureisgoodnewsformanypeople.

Ulcersarewoundsinthestomachthataresimilartosmallcutsortears.

Thesewoundscanharmthetissueinthestomach,thepipethatcarriesthe

foodtothestomachorpartsofthesmallintestines.Fluidsinthestomach

thenincreasethepainofanulcer.Howdoesapersonknowheorshehasan

ulcer?Doctorssaymostpeoplewithulcersfeelaburningpainintheirchest

orstomach.Thispainisoftencalledheartburn.Itusuallyhappensbefore

eatingorduringthenight.Itcausessomepeopletolosetheirdesireto

eatzortheyareunabletokeepfoodintheirstomachs.Doctorsbelievedthat

stomachulcerswerecausedbyunusuallystrongstomachfluidszwhichdamaged

stomachtissue.Nowtheyhavediscoveredthatmoststomachulcersarecaused

byabacterialorganismcalledHillicoBactorPilorieorHPillorie.HPillorie

bacteriaarewhatmakestomachproduceextrastomachfluid.Doctorsfound

thattheycankillthebacteriawithmedicinescalledantibiotics.Health

expertssaythediscoveryofacureforstomachulcerscansavethousands

ofmillionsofdollarsinmedicalcosts.Theyalsobelievecuringstomach

ulcerswillreducethenumberofpeoplewhodevelopstomachcancer.Thenumber

ofpeoplewithstomachcancerisveryhighinJapan,SoutheastAsiaandparts

ofAfrica.

Doctorssayapersonismorelikelytogetanstomachulcerifhisorher

familyhashadone.Infact,apersonwiththefamilyhistoryofstomachulcers

isthreetimesmorelikelytogetonethanotherpeople.Therearewayspeople

canprotectthemselvesfromdevelopinganstomachulcer.Doctorssayitis

moreimportanttoreducetheamountofstrongfluidsinthestomach.Todo

this,doctorssay,peopleshouldnotsmokecigarettesordrinkalcohol.And

theysaypeopleshouldreducetensionintheirlives.

16>Inthepast,doctorscouldnotdoanythingaboutstomachulcers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Nowdoctorscansuccessfullycurestomachulcers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Somepeoplearelikelytosufferfromthestomachpainatsometimein

theirlife.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Doctorshavediscoveredacauseofstomachulcersaftermanyyearsof

experiments.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>Therehasbeenachangeindoctors1understandingofthecauseofstomach

ulcer.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Stomachulcercanleadtostomachcancer.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Peoplewhoeatalotofspicyfoodaresusceptibletostomachulcers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：①第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每段

选择1个最佳标题；②第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选

项。

Parkinson1sDisease

1.Parkinson1sdiseaseaffectsthewayyoumove.Ithappenswhenthere

isaproblemwithcertainnervecellsinthebrain.Normally,thesenerve

cellsmakeanimportantchemicalcalleddopamine.Dopaminesendssignalsto

thepartofyourbrainthatcontrolsmovement.Itletsyourmusclesmovesmoothly

anddowhatyouwantthemtodo.WhenyouhaveParkinson*s,thesenerveceils

breakdown.Thenyounolongerhaveenoughdopaminezandyouhavetrouble

movingthewayyouwantto.

2.Nooneknowsforsurewhatmakesthesenervecellsbreakdown.But

scientistsaredoingalotofresearchtolookfortheanswer.Theyarestudying

manypossiblecauses,includingagingandpoisonsintheenvironment.Abnormal

genesseemtoleadtoParkinson1sdiseaseinsomepeople.Butsofar,there

isnotenoughprooftoshowthatitisalwaysinherited.

3.Tremormaybethefirstsymptomyounotice.Itisoneofthemostcommon

signsofthedisease,althoughnoteveryonehasit.Moreimportantly,not

everyonewithatremorhasParkinson*sdisease.Tremoroftenstartsinjust

onearmorlegoronlyononesideofthebody.Itmaybeworsewhenyouare

awakebutnotmovingtheaffectedarmorleg.Itmaygetbetterwhenyoumove

thelimboryouareasleep.Intime,Parkinson1saffectsmusclesallthrough

yourbody,soitcanleadtoproblemsliketroubleswallowingorconstipation.

Inthelaterstagesofthedisease,apersonwithParkinson*smayhaveafixed

orblankexpression,troublespeaking,andotherproblems.Somepeoplealso

haveadecreaseinmentalskills(dementia).

4.Atthistime,thereisnocureforParkinson*sdisease.Butthereare

severaltypesofmedicinesthatcancontrolthesymptomsandmakethedisease

easiertolivewith.Youmaynotevenneedtreatmentifyoursymptomsare

mild.Yourdoctormaywaittoprescribemedicinesuntilyoursymptomsstart

togetinthewayofyourdailylife.Yourdoctorwilladjustyourmedicines

asyoursymptomsgetworse.Youmayneedtotakeseveralmedicinestoget

thebestresults.

A.TipsforPatientswiththeDisease

B.CommonTreatmentfortheDisease

C.MeansofDiagnosisoftheDisease

D.TypicalSymptomsoftheDisease

E.PossibleCausesoftheDisease

F.DefinitionofParkinson1sDisease

23、Paragraph1.

24、Paragraph2.

25、Paragraph3.

26、Paragraph4.

27、A.ifthereisn*tenoughdopamineinyourbody

B.whataffectsmusclesallthroughyourbody

C.whichcannotbecuredyet

D.ifyouhaveafixedorblankexpression

E.whichmaybethefirstsymptomyounotice

F.whatcausesParkinson*sdisease

You111findithardtomovethewayyouwantto.

28>Alotofresearchisbeingdonetofindout.

29、OneofthemostcommonsignsofParkinson1sistremor.

30、ApersonwithParkinson*shastolearntolivewiththedisease,

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

弟扁

MedicineAwardKicksoffNobelPrizeAnnouncements

Twoscientistswhohavewonpraiseforresearchintothegrowthofcancer

cellscouldbecandidatesfortheNobelPrizeinmedicinewhenthe2008winners

arepresentedonMonday,kickingoffsixdaysofNobelannouncements.

Australian-bornU.S.citizenElizabethBlackburnandAmericanCarolGreider

havealreadywonaseriesofmedicalhonorsfortheirenzymeresearchand

expertssaytheycouldbeamongthefront-runnersforNobel.

OnlysevenwomenhavewonthemedicineprizesincethefirstNobelPrizes

werehandedoutin1901.ThelastfemalewinnerwasU.S.researcherLinda

Buckin2004,whosharedtheprizewithRichardAxel.

Amongthepair1spossiblerivalsareFrenchmanPierreChambonandAmericans

RonaldEvansandElwoodJensen,whoopenedupthefieldofstudyingproteins

callednuclearhormonereceptors.

Asusual,theawardcommitteeisgivingnohintsaboutwhoisintherunning

beforepresentingitsdecisioninanewsconferenceatStockholm1sKarolinska

Institute.

AlfredNobelztheSwedewhoinventeddynamite,establishedtheprizesin

hiswillinthecategoriesofmedicine,physics,chemistry,literatureand

peace.TheeconomicsprizeistechnicallynotaNobelbuta1968creation

ofSweden1scentralbank.

Nobelleftfewinstructionsonhowtoselectwinners,butmedicinewinners

aretypicallyawardedforaspecificbreakthroughratherthanabodyofresearch.

HansJornvall,secretaryofthemedicineprizecommittee,saidthe10million

kronor(US$1.3million)prizeencouragesgroundbreakingresearchbuthedid

notthinkwinningitwastheprimarygoalforscientists.

HIndividualresearchersprobablydon11lookatthemselvesaspotential

NobelPrizewinnerswhenthey*reatwork,"JornvalltoldTheAssociatedPress.

"Theygettheirkicksfromtheirresearchandtheirinterestinhowlife

functions."

In2006,Blackburn,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,and

Greider,ofJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore,sharedtheLaskerprize

forbasicmedicalresearchwithJackSzostakofHarvardMedicalSchool.Their

worksetthestageforresearchsuggestingthatcancercellsusetelomerase

tosustaintheiruncontrolledgrowth.

31>WhoisNotalikelycandidateforthisyear1sNobelPrizeinmedicine?

A.ElizabethBlackburn.

B.CarolGreider.

C.LindaBuck.

D.PierreChambon.

32、WhichisNOTtrueofAlfredNobel?

A.HewasfromSweden.

B.Hewastheinventorofdynamite.

C.Heestablishedtheprizesinhiswill.

D.Hegaveclearinstructionsonhowtoselectwinners.

33、WhichwasNOToriginallyoneoftheNobelPrizes?

A.Themedicineprize.

B.Theliteratureprize.

C.Thepeaceprize.

D.Theeconomicsprize.

34、Theword"kicks'*inLine6fromthebottomprobablymeans

A.excitement

B.income

C.motivation

D.knowledge

35、TheresearchbyBlackburnandGreiderhelpssuggesttheroleof

A.moneyinmedicalresearch

B.proteinsincancertreatment

C.hormonesinthefunctioningoflife

D.telomeraseinthegrowthofcancercells

弟一^扁

Obesity：theScourgeoftheWesternWorld

Obesityisrapidlybecominganewscourgeofthewesternworld,delegates

agreedatthe11thEuropeanConferenceontheissueinViennaWednesdayto

Saturday.Accordingtostatementsbeforetheopeningoftheconference—of

2,000specialistsfrommorethan50countries—1.2billionpeopleworldwide

areoverweightzand250millionareobese.

ProfessorBernhardLudvikofViennaGeneralHospitalsaid：nObesityis

achronicillness.InGermany,20percentofthepeoplearealreadyaffected,

butinJapanonlyonepercent.nButhesaidthattherewashopeforsufferers

thankstothenewscientificdiscoveriesandmedication.

ProfessorFriedrichHopichlerofSalzbergsaid."Wearelivinginthenew

age(but)withthemetabolismofastone-ageman.""Ihavejustbeentothe

UnitedStates.Itisreallyterrible.Apizzashopisspringinguponevery

corner.WehavebeenoverrunbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola-ization."

Manyoftheexpertsstressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller.Hopichler

said："80percentofalldiabeticsareobese,also50percentofallpatients

withhighbloodpressureand50percentwithadiposetissuecomplaints.n"10

percentmoreweightmeans13percentmoreriskofheartdisease.Reducing

one*sweightby10percentleadsto13percentlowerbloodpressure.n

AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthatthestatehealthservicesshould

improvetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms."Thoughthehealthinsurance

paysforsurgery(suchasreducingthesizeofthestomach)whenthebody-mass

indexismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoaweightof116kilogramsfor

aheightof1.70meters.Oneshouldstartearlier.n

Ludviksaidthatpreventionshouldbegininschool.nChildobesity(fat

deposits)correlateswiththetimewhichchildrenspendinfrontofTVsets.H

Theconsequenceswereonlyapparentlateron.Nomorethan15percentof

obesepeoplelivedtotheaveragelifeexpectancyfortheirpopulationgroup.

36、Itisestimatedthattherearepeoplesufferingfromobesityin

theworld.

A.250,000,000B.1,200,000,000

C.1,450,000,000D.950,000,000

37、Itseemsthatthepeopleareleastaffectedbyobesityamongthe

developedcountriesandareasmentionedinthepassage.

A.EuropeanB.German

C.AmericanD.Japanese

38、Whichofthefollowingismostoftenaccompaniedbyobesity?

A.Highbloodpressure.B.Fattytissuecomplaints.

C.Diabetes.D.Stomach-ache.

39、Whatisthecorrelationbetweenbodyweightandheartdiseaseandblood

pressure?

A.10percentlessbodyweightmeans10percentlessriskofheartdisease

andhighbloodpressure.

B.13percentmorebodyweightmeans10percentmoreriskofheartdisease

andhighbloodpressure.

C.Themorebodyweightonegains,themoreriskofheartdiseaseandhigh

bloodpressurehehas.

D.Thelessbodyweightonegains,themoreriskofheartdiseaseandthe

lessriskofhighbloodpressurehehas.

40、FromParagraph6wemayinferthatoneoftheeffectivemeasuressuggested

byLudviktopreventchildrenfrombeingobesewouldbe.

A.nottopermitthemtowatchTVatall

B.totellthemtospendlesstimewatchingTV

C.toturnoffTVwhentheyareinfrontofTVsets

D.tocalculateaccuratelythetimethatachildspendswatchingTV

卯—^植

LightNightzDarkStars

Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnight

sky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallightsto

blocktheview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennis

Ward,anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch

(UCAR)inBoulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedbycitylights,he

says,they*reluckytosee150stars.

Ifyou1veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfrom

agreatdistance,you'vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfrom

streetlightszofficebuildings,signszandothersourcesstreamsintospace

andilluminatesthenightsky.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisible

topeopleonEarth.EvenatnightzbigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlight

pollution,makingstargazingdifficult.

Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsenthe

effectsoflightpollution."Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthan

n11

another,Wardsayszthatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflightpollution

onamuchgreaterscale."

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheir

jobs.

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.

Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringthefaintlight

1

givenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan1locatetheseobjectsz

theycan*tlearnmoreaboutthem.

Lightpollutiondoesn*tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

1

too.Itsclearthatartificiallightcanattractanimalszmakingthemgo

offcourse.There1sincreasingevidence,forexample,thatmigratingbirds

usesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreauxJr.,

ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlightoccursat

night,nhesays,11ithasaverydisruptiveinfluence."Sometimesbirdsfly

intolightedtowers,high-rises,andcablesfromradioandtelevisiontowers.

Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

41>Whencanpeoplesee14,000stars?

A.Whentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.

B.Whentheyareinalargecity.

C.Whenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights.

D.Whenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

42、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?

A.Ahazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlights

andbuildinglights.

B.Lightsfromdifferentsourcesstreamintospaceandilluminatethe

nightsky.

C.Thenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcities

inthenight.

D.Stargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeinthe

air.

43、Whydoesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers1work?

A.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

B.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudy

stars.

D.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscanstillbeseenonaclear

night.

44、WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

D.Attractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

45、WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitleLightNight,

DarkStars?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citylightsilluminatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

D.Citylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

第5部分：补全对话

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分

别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

EveryDogHasItsSay

KimikoFukudazaJapanesegirlzalwayswonderedwhatherdogwastrying

tosay.

Wheneversheputonmakeup,itwouldpullathersleeve.46Whenthe

dogbarks,sheglancesatasmallelectronicgadget（装置）.Thefollowinghuman

translationappearsonitsscreen："Pleasetakemewithyou.Irealizedthat*s

howhewasfeeling,nsaidFukuda.

ThegadgetiscalledBowlingual,andittranslatesdogbarksintofeelings.

PeoplelaughedwhentheJapanesetoym