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Task1StrategicPVAnalysisandOutreach
PVPS
Snapshotof
GlobalPVMarkets
2024
ReportIEA-PVPST1-42:2024
Task1StrategicPVAnalysisandOutreach–2023SnapshotofGlobalPVMarkets
WhatisIEAPVPSTCP?
TheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA),foundedin1974,isanautonomousbodywithintheframeworkoftheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD).TheTechnologyCollaborationProgramme(TCP)wascreatedwithabeliefthatthefutureofenergysecurityandsustainabilitystartswithglobalcollaboration.Theprogrammeismadeupof6000expertsacrossgovernment,academia,andindustrydedicatedtoadvancingcommonresearchandtheapplicationofspecificenergytechnologies.
TheIEAPhotovoltaicPowerSystemsProgramme(IEAPVPS)isoneoftheTCPswithintheIEAandwasestablishedin1993.Themissionoftheprogrammeisto“enhancetheinternationalcollaborativeeffortswhichfacilitatetheroleofphotovoltaicsolarenergyasacornerstoneinthetransitiontosustainableenergysystems.”Inordertoachievethis,theProgramme’sparticipantshaveundertakenavarietyofjointresearchprojectsinPVpowersystemsapplications.TheoverallprogrammeisheadedbyanExecutiveCommittee,comprisedofonedelegatefromeachcountryororganisationmember,whichdesignatesdistinct‘Tasks,’thatmayberesearchprojectsoractivityareas.
TheIEAPVPSparticipatingcountriesareAustralia,Austria,Belgium,Canada,Chile,China,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Israel,Italy,Japan,Korea,Malaysia,Mexico,Morocco,theNetherlands,Norway,Portugal,SouthAfrica,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,Thailand,Turkey,andtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.TheEuropeanCommission,SolarPowerEurope,theSmartElectricPowerAlliance,theSolarEnergyIndustriesAssociation,andtheCopperAlliancearealsomembers.
Visitusat:
WhatisIEAPVPSTask1?
TheobjectiveofTask1oftheIEAPhotovoltaicPowerSystemsProgrammeispromotingandfacilitatingtheexchangeanddisseminationofinformationonthetechnical,economic,environmentalandsocialaspectsofPVpowersystems.Task1activitiessupportthebroaderPVPSobjectives:tocontributetocostreductionofPVpowerapplications,toincreaseawarenessofthepotentialandvalueofPVpowersystems,tofostertheremovalofbothtechnicalandnon-technicalbarriersandtoenhancetechnologyco-operation.
Authors
Data:IEAPVPSReportingCountries,BecquerelInstitute(BE).
Analysis:GaëtanMasson,ElinaBosch,AdrienVanRechem,Melodiedel’Epine(BecquerelInstitute),IEAPVPSTask1members
Editor:GaëtanMasson,IEAPVPSTask1Manager.
Design:IEAPVPS
DISCLAIMER
TheIEAPVPSTCPisorganisedundertheauspicesoftheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)butisfunctionallyandlegallyautonomous.Views,findingsandpublicationsoftheIEAPVPSTCPdonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsorpoliciesoftheIEASecretariatoritsindividualmembercountriesDatafornon-IEAPVPScountriesareprovidedbyofficialcontactsorexpertsintherelevantcountries.Dataarevalidatthedateofpublicationandshouldbeconsideredasestimatesinseveralcountriesduetothepublicationdate.
COVERPICTURE
PlusUltraAmsterdam200kWpintheplaneandonthecantileveredfins(theNetherlands).imagecredits:SaintGobain
Solutions/Photostuip/BIPVNederland
ISBN978-3-907281-55-0:2024SnapshotofGlobalPVMarkets
INTERNATIONALENERGYAGENCY
PHOTOVOLTAICPOWERSYSTEMSPROGRAMME
IEAPVPSTask1
StrategicPVAnalysisandOutreach
ReportIEA-PVPST1-42:2024April2024
ISBN978-3-907281-55-0
Task1StrategicPVAnalysisandOutreach–2024SnapshotofGlobalPVMarkets
3
TABLEOFCONTENTS
TableofContents 3
ExecutiveSummary 4
1SnapshotoftheGlobalPVMarketin2023 7
1.1EvolutionofAnnualInstallations 7
1.2ImpactoftheUkraineWarandover-capacityinmanufacturing 9
1.3FocusontheTopMarketsin2023 10
1.4MarketSegmentation 10
2CumulativeInstalledCapacityintheWorld 11
2.1EvolutionofRegionalShareofPVInstallations 12
2.2LimitsofReportingConventions 15
2.3Decommissioning,RepoweringandRecycling 15
2.4ACorDCNumbers? 16
3ElectricityProductionfromPV 17
4Policy&MarketsTrends 18
4.1PolicyTrends 18
4.2CompetitiveTenders&MerchantPV 18
4.3ProsumersPolicies 19
4.4GridIntegrationandAccess 20
4.5LocalManufacturingPolicies 20
4.62024MarketPerspectivesinIEAPVPSCountries 20
5PVintheBroaderEnergyTransition 22
5.1PVandOtherRenewableEnergyEvolutions 22
5.2PVFosteringDevelopmentofaCleanerEnergySystem 23
4
EXECUTIVESUMMARY
TheglobalPVcumulativecapacitygrewto1.6TWin2023,upfrom1.2TWin2022,withfrom407.3GWto446GW1ofnewPVsystemscommissioned–andintheorderofanestimated150GWofmodulesininventoriesacrosstheworld.Afterseveralyearsoftensiononmaterialandtransportcosts,modulepricesplummetedinamassivelyover-suppliedmarket,maintainingthecompetitivityofPVevenaselectricitypricesdecreasedafterhistoricalpeaksin2022.
Majortrendsinclude:
•Withactivedevelopmentpolicies,China’sPVinstallationssoaredtoarecord235GWDC(orevenupto277GW2)orover60%ofnewglobalcapacityreaching662GWofcumulativecapacity.Remarkably,thisannualcapacityrepresentsover15%ofthetotalglobalcumulativecapacityandisnearlytheequivalentofthesecondlargestcumulativecapacity:Europe.Thisonceagainrepresentedamorethandoubledannualinstalledcapacity,upfrom105.5GWin2023and54.9GWin2021.
•Europedemonstratedcontinuedstronggrowthinstalling61GW(ofwhich55.8GWintheEU),ledbyaresurgenceinGermany(14.3GW),andincreasedvolumesinPoland(6.0GW),Italy(5.3GW)andtheNetherlands(4.2GW)whilstSpaindroppedslightly(7.7GW).
•IntheAmericas,bothmajormarketsgrew-theUSA,afteraslow2022installed33.2GW,andBrazilsustaineditsdynamic2022markettoinstall11.9GW,bringingitscumulativecapacityintotheTopTenworldwide.
•Indiahadaslightlysloweryearwith16.6GW,onceagainpredominantlyincentralisedsystems.OtherAsia-Pacificmarketssloweddowntoo,includingAustralia(3.8GW),whileKorea(3.3GW)andJapan(6.3GW)remainedsteady.
MarketgrowthoutsideofChinareachedanhonourable30%,whileChina’sowndomesticgrowthwasabove120%whichexplainedthetremendousPVmarketdevelopment.
Thenumberofcountrieswiththeoreticalpenetrationratesover10%doublesincelastyearto18,andwhilstsmallerpopulationssuchasSpain,theNetherlands,ChileandGreecewereleaders,morepopulouscountries,includingGermanyandJapanalsopassed10%.Whilegrid
1AllcapacitydatainthisreportisDC,unlessspecifiedotherwise.Forsomecountries,thismeanspublishingdifferentvaluestoofficialdata–forexample,China’sNationalEnergyAdministration(NEA)publishesinACandPVPSappliesaconversionratiofromACtoDC.ArangeofvaluesisoftenprovidedtoaccountforuncertaintyinAC/DCconversionratios,inparticularwithregardstonewutilityscalecapacityinChina,wheretheminimalannualvolumeconsidersofficialChinareportingandthemaximalannualvolumeconsidersafurther42GWthatcouldhavebeeninstalledconsideringtheuncertaintysurroundingofficialconversionratiosfromACtoDCofUtilityscalesystems.Formanyfigures,thesetwovalueshavebeenrepresentedwithfull(minimum)andadditionalshaded(maximum)bars.Ifnorangeisspecified,compileddatareferstothelowertotalswithOfficialChinareportingvalues.Seesection3formoreinformation.
2See(1)above
5
congestionhasbecomeanissue,policymeasures,technicalsolutionsandstoragearealreadyprovidingworkablesolutionstoenhancePVpenetration.
Individualmarketsremainsensitivetopolicysupportanddomesticelectricityprices
despitecompetitivityacrossmostmarketsegmentsinmanycountries.TheabilityoflocalmanufacturingprojectsinitiatedinpreviousyearstogoaheadisuncertainassignificantincreasesinmanufacturingcapacityinChinahaveledtosupplyoutstrippingglobaldemandandconsequentrecordlowmoduleprices.SignificantdropsinPVmodulepricesduetoincreasedinventory,oversupplyandcompetitiveenvironmentamongmanufacturerscausedstrainonlocalmanufacturing.
PVplayedanimportantroleinthereductionoftheCO2emissionsfromelectricityin2023,withmorethan75%ofnewrenewablecapacityinstalledin2023,generatingnearly60%ofgenerationfromnewrenewablecapacity.
OversupplyofPVmodulesin2023hasshedalightonthedifficultiestoalignproductionanddemandinaveryversatileenvironment:whileproductioncapacitiesincreasedsignificantlyinChina,theglobaldemandwasframedbyconstraintsinmarketssuchastheUSA,India,Korea,andAustralia,notexclusively.GrowthoutsideChinahappenedinalimitednumberofcountries.UnevenpoliticalsupportinsomemarketscouldalsobeattributedtothedifficultiestodeveloplocalPVmanufacturingfacilitiesinanalreadyinundatedmarket.
6
7
1SNAPSHOTOFTHEGLOBALPVMARKETIN2023
IEAPVPShasdistinguisheditselfthroughouttheyearsbyproducingunbiasedreportsonthedevelopmentofPVallovertheworld,basedoninformationfromofficialgovernmentbodiesandreliableindustrysources.This12theditionofthe“SnapshotofGlobalPVMarkets”aimsatprovidingpreliminaryinformationonhowthePVmarketdevelopedin2023.The29theditionofthePVPScomplete“TrendsinPhotovoltaicApplications”reportwillbepublishedinQ42024.
1.1EvolutionofAnnualInstallations
Itappearsthat1581GWrepresentstheminimuminstalledcumulativecapacitybytheendof2023,andatleast407.3GWbutperhapsasmuchas446GW3ofPVsystemshavebeencommissionedintheworldlastyear.IEAPVPScountries4,forwhomthereisafirmlevelofcertaintyinthedata,represented1342.7GW(or85%)ofcumulativecapacityand352.8GW(87%)ofannualinstallations.Thisyear’snewinstallationshavenearlydoubledthoseof2022,upfrom236GW,withagrowthrateofover80%-aratenotseensince2011.
In2023,atleast29countriesinstalledmorethan1GW,upfrom25countriesin2022.Nineteencountries(notincludingtheEU)nowhavemorethan10GWoftotalcumulativecapacityandfivehavemorethan40GW.Chinaalonerepresentedaminimumof662GWfollowedbytheEuropeanUnion(asEU27)with268.1GW,theUSAranksthirdat169.5GWandIndiahasovertakenJapantotakefourthplacewith95.3GW.
GWpFIGURE1:EVOLUTIONOFANNUALPVINSTALLATIONS
400
300
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0
446 407
236
174
77
103
105
113
146
51
32303840
7817
2008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
IndiaBrazilOthercountries
OtherIEAPVPSCountriesEuropeanUnionUSA
Source:IEAPVPS
3Theminimalannualvolumeof407.3GWconsidersofficialChinareporting;themaximalannualvolumeof446GWconsidersafurther42GWthatcouldhavebeeninstalledconsideringtheuncertaintysurroundingofficialconversionratiosfromACtoDCofUtilityscalesystems.Formanyfigures,thesetwovalueshavebeenrepresentedwithfull(minimum)andadditionalshaded(maximum)bars.Ifnototherwisespecified,compileddatareferstothelowertotalswithOfficialChinareportingvalues.
4Forthepurposeofthisreport,IEAPVPScountriesarethosethatareeithermemberintheirownrightorthroughtheadhesionoftheEC.
8
Inthepasttwoyears,themarketinChinahasgrownsoquicklyandspectacularlythatnoothermajormarkethasbeenabletokeepup–notevenEuropewithitsownsustainedgrowth(seeFigure2).Withcontinueddynamicgrowth,Chinaremainsthemajorregionalmarketin2023withover60%ofnewcapacity(comparedto45%in2022),whilstEuropeandtheUSAaccountforjust20%,significantlylessthanin2022.The2023growthinChinacamemostlyfromanattempttoabsorbthemassiveproductionofPVcomponentsfromlocalmanufacturers,hence2023numbersforChinaarefarbeyondtheauthoritiestargetsforPVdeployment.
Source:IEAPVPS
Withcontinueddynamicgrowth,Chinaremainsthemajorregionalmarketin2023withapproximately60%ofnewcapacity(comparedto45%in2022),whilstEuropeandtheUSAaccountforjustover20%,significantlylessthanin2022.The2023growthinChinacamemostlyfromanattempttoabsorbthemassiveproductionofPVcomponentsfromlocalmanufacturers,hence2023numbersforChinaarefarbeyondtheauthoritiestargetsforPVdeployment.
Overthepast10years,annualgrowthratesfornewcapacityinChinahavefluctuatedaccordingtopolicyandotherconstraints,withseveralyearsofnegativegrowthandseveralotheryearsofgrowthratesover100%(includingthisyear’sover125%).TheglobalmarketexcludingChinahashadasteadierevolutionwithgrowthratesof10%to37%overthisperiod.However,withthenewsizeoftheChinesemarket,thesteadyinginfluenceofothermarketswilldiminishsignificantly.
GWp
FIGURE3:GROWTHOFNEWANNUALCAPACITYINMAJORMARKETS
400
300
200
100
0
20162017201820192020202120222023
OthercountriesIndiaOtherIEAPVPScountriesJapanEuropeanUnionUSAChina*
*OfficialChinareportingSource:IEAPVPS
9
1.2ImpactoftheUkraineWarandover-capacityinmanufacturing
Fromearly2022,thepoliticaltensionsinEuropeandresultingreducedgasacquisitionshadresultedinseveralhighpeaksinwholesaleanddomesticelectricityprices,notjustinEuropebutacrossarangeofothercountriesasfarasAustralia-althoughby2023thesepriceshavestabilisedsomewhat.InEurope,2023spotpriceswereinthe50€/MWhto100€/MWhrange,downfrom2022peaksover300€/MWhto500€/MWh.Despitethereductioninelectricityprices,theyremainhigherthanwhatmanyPVplantscanprovide,leavingthedooropentoPVcompetitivenessonelectricitymarkets,independentlyoftherecord-lowpricesforPVmodulesseenfrommid-2023.
In2023,thecontinuedincreaseinmanufacturingcapacitylargelyoutstrippedthemarket’sabilitytoabsorbnewmoduleavailability.Bytheendof2022,modulestockshadalreadyreachedavolumeabovethatoftheEuropeanandUSAinstalledmarketscombined,and2023onlysawanaccelerationofthistrend.Thereisnowanestimated150GWofmodulestock.Compoundingtheeffectsofincreasedmanufacturingcapacityleadingtolargeinventories,thetransitionofthemainstreamindustryfromPERCtoTOPCon(amongstothern-typetechnologies),andanimportantbutnotsufficientglobalmarketgrowth.Thishasresultedinmassivepricedropsalongthevaluechain.
DomesticdemandinChina,pulledbyfavourablelocalpolicies,hasensuredthatapartoftheoversupplyhasbeenabsorbed.However,theuptakehasn’tbeenabletocompensateforthetremendousoversupplyalone,andthehonourablebutinsufficientgrowthofglobalPVmarketshasledtoasignificantdropinPVmodulemarketprices.Atthebeginningof2024,severalChinesemanufacturersthatremainedlargelyviablein2023,calledforurgentmeasuresinChinatoavoidtheentireindustrycollapsing,asdidsmallermanufacturersoutsideChina.Increasingcontroversysurroundingtheverylowlate2023modulepricesontheinternationalmarkethasledtoindustrydiscussiononunsustainablepricedumping.
ThelowpricesandlargeinventorieshavebeenparticularlyimpactingontheslowdevelopmentoflocalmanufacturingprojectsoutsideofChinaandSouth-EastAsia,wherecompetitivenesswasalreadyconsideredhardtoreach.ThishascomfortedpolicymakersadvocatingfortradebarriersandadditionalincentivesforlocalmanufacturingespeciallyintheUSAandIndia,andavividdebateintheEU.
10
1.3FocusontheTopMarketsin2023
TheChinesemarketgrewataveryhighrateofover125%andinstalledaminimumof235GW(officialChinareporting)uptoapossible277GWin2023(upfrom106GWin2022and55GWin2021).With55.8GWofannualinstallations,theEuropeanUnionrankedsecond,followedbytheUSAat33.2GW(backtostrongvolumesafteraslower2022)followedbyIndiawithaslightlycontractedmarketof16.6GW.VerystronggrowthinGermanywith14.3GWsawthecountryleapfrogastillstrongBrazil(11.9GW)intofourthplace.
Note:TheEuropeanUniongrouped27Europeancountriesin2023,outofwhichGermany,Spain,Poland,ItalyandtheNetherlandsalsoappearintheTopTen,eitherfortheannualinstalledcapacityorthecumulativeinstalledcapacity.TheEuropeanCommissionisamemberofIEA-PVPSthroughitsJointResearchCentre(EU-JRC).
*OfficialChinareportingcapacity,belowIEA-PVPSpreliminaryassessmentof277GW/704GW
Source:IEAPVPS
ToreachtheTopTenfornewcapacityin2023,countriesneededtoinstallatleast4.2GWofPVsystems(comparedto3.9GWin2022andjust1.5GWbackin2018).AustraliagavewaytotheNetherlandsasitsmarketdecreasedforthe2ndconsecutiveyear.WithintheTopTenoftotalcumulativeinstalledcapacitiesthereisanincreasedgapof44GWbetweenfifthplacedGermanyandsixthplacedSpain,asthebottomofthetablefailedtomeetthedynamicmarketsofthosehigherupthetable.Japan’sstablemarketisnotsufficienttokeepitsplaceasitisovertakenbyIndia.
1.4MarketSegmentation
Bothrooftopandutilityscalesegmentsgrewin2023.Marketsegmentswerereasonablybalanced,withapproximately45%ofnewcapacityonrooftops–althoughdatauncertaintyinconvertingutilityscaleACcapacitytoDCcapacityinChinaissuchthatthisdistributionisuncertain.Theshareoftherooftopsegmenthadbeengrowingcontinuouslysince2018asmarketsopeninnewcountries,decreasingcostsandhigherelectricityconsumptioncostsmakeitmoreaccessibleforresidentialandcommercialinvestors,withbothdominantmarketsharesandnotablevolumes(>4GW)inGermany,Brazil,PolandandItaly,andtoalesserextent(>2.5GW)intheNetherlands,AustraliaandFrance.InothercountriessuchastheUSA,IndiaandSpain,utilityscalesystemscovermorethan65%ofthelocalmarket.Chinahasfluctuatedyearly,andthisyear’smajorityofutilityscalesystemsmaynotberepeatednextyear.
Onbothsegmentsnewapplicationsareingrowth;fromBIPVintherooftopsegmenttoutilityscalefloatingPV.
Stillmarginalbutgrowing,agrivoltaicprojectsandBIPVareasyethardtoquantify,asareVIPV/VAPV5volumes(PVintegratedinvehicles),althoughtheyareexpectedtodevelopwellinthecomingyears.Technologicalevolutions,suchasbifacialPVorthenewmoduletechnologieswillalsoimpactthedevelopmentofthesenewmarketsegments.
GWpFIGURE4:SEGMENTATIONOFPVINSTALLATION2013-2023
500
450
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0
2013
2014
2015
2017
2016
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2018
ROOFTOP
UTILITYSCALE
AC/DCratiouncertaintyinutilityscale
Source:IEAPVPS,BecquerelInstitute
2CUMULATIVEINSTALLEDCAPACITYINTHEWORLD
In2023theglobalcumulativeinstalledcapacityreached1.6TW,reachinganestimated1581GWto1624GW,asshowninFigure5.Mostremarkably,thenewannualcapacityinstalledinChinain2023(235GW-OfficialChinareportingto277GW–IEA-PVPSpreliminaryassessment)isjustoverofthetotalcumulativeinstalledcapacityinEurope(314.7GW,ofwhich268.1GWisintheEU).Cumulativecapacityhitthetopofthe20%to35%growthraterangeofthepast10years.
AsindicatedinTable1,thetop5countriesfromChinadowntoIndiaandthenGermany(81.6GW)haveatleast40GWmorethanthenextcountriesandhavewidenedthegapbymorethan10GWsincelastyear.Thenextgroupofcountrieswithbetween25GWand40GW,foundacrossmostcontinents,isonlyjusttrailedbyFrance(23.6GW)andtheNetherlands(22.4GW).
5BIPV–BuildingIntegratedPV;VIPV–VehicleIntegratedPV;VAPV-VehicleAddedPV
11
12
GWpFIGURE5:EVOLUTIONOFCUMULATIVEPVINSTALLATIONS
2000
1750
1500
1250
1000
750
500
250
0
1624
1581
1183
947
774
628
515
410
180
140
307
230
346815
2340
72
102
20042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Brazil
India
Othercountries
OtherIEAPVPScountries
EuropeanUnion
USA
Japan
China
IEA-PVPSpreliminaryassessment
Source:IEAPVPS
2.1EvolutionofRegionalShareofPVInstallations
ThemajorityshareofglobalPVinstallationsisheldbyAsia-Pacificandhasonceagainincreasedin2023,risingtoover60%,withacumulativeinstalledcapacityofatleast947GW.AcloserlookshowsusthatitisChina,notAsia-Pacificasawhole,thathasincreaseditsshare(seeFigures6Aand6B).ExcludingChina,thethreeothermajorregionalmarkets–theremainderofAsia-Pacific,EuropeandtheAmericas-areallroughlyequivalent,thefirsttwoholding19%andthelatter15%ofglobalcumulativePVinstallations.
TherestofAsia-Pacific’smarketsweregenerallyinslightcontractionorsteadyover2023comparedto2022.TheJapanesemarkethasvariedfrom6GWto10GWayearoverthepast10yearsnowandseemstobefindingstabilityatabout6.3GW,reachingacumulativecapacity91.4GW.Withasimilarcumulativecapacity,Indiahashadamorevolatilemarket,rangingfromunder1GWin2014upto2022’s18.6GW.Hurdlestosteadygrowthincludeadministrativeprocedures,gridaccessandfinancing.Withveryambitiouslocalmanufacturinganddevelopmenttargets,Indiaisstillexpectedtotakealeadingrole.TheAustralianmarketwasapromisinglysteady4GWto5GWfor5yearsbuthasdroppedbelow4GWthisyear,whilstinthesameperiodKoreahasbouncedbetween2.6GWand5GW,settlingatjustover3GWthepast2years.Thesetwocountriesbothhaveacumulativecapacityofbetween25GWand35GW.TheothernationalmarketswithanysignificantcapacityinAsia-PacificareVietnam(whosefragilegridstoppednewcapacityaftertwomulti-GWyearsin2019/2020)andTaiwanwhomayhit3GWin2023.Whilsteachcountryhascitedspecificreasonsforthesluggishmarkets,amorefundamentalunderlyingproblemremains.
AcrosstheEuropeanregionalmarkettherewasgrowthinannualcapacityinnearlyallmarkets,ridingontheincreasedcompetitivenessofPVwithrespecttohighelectricitypricesfromtheconsequencesoftheUkraineconflict,butalsourgentpoliticalmandatestoincrease
13
energyautonomyandrenewableenergyproduction.ThemaincontributorisstillGermany(adding14.3GWtoreach81.6GW),ridingonstrongpoliticalmotivation,followedbytwocountrieswithover30GWcumulativecapacity:Spain(downfrom8.5GWin2022to7.7GWin2023)andItaly(over100%growthto5.3GWnewcapacity).ThesearefollowedbyFranceat23.6GW(+3.9GW),theNetherlandsat22.4GW(+4.2GW)andPolandcatchingup(+6GWto18.5GW).NearlyadozenotherEuropeancountriesinstalledmorethan1GWin2023.
TheAmericasregionalmarketislargelydrivenbytheUSA,returningtovolumessimilarto2021afteraslower2022byadding33.2GWtoreach169.5GWorover70%ofcumulativecapacityintheregion.However,thedynamicgrowthinBrazilhascontinued,adding11.9GW(upfrom9.9GWin2022)toreach35.5GW.Chile(up1.3GWto9.2GWcumulativecapacity)mayreachdoubledigitsin2024,whilstCanada(7.3GWcumulativecapacity)couldinthenext3years.
GWpFIGURE6A:EVOLUTIONOFREGIONALPVINSTALLATIONS
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Europe
Africa&MiddleEastRestoftheworld
TheAmericas
AsiaPacificexcludingChinaChina*
*OfficialChinareportingSource:IEAPVPS
14
FIGURE6B:EVOLUTIONOFREGIONALSHAREOFGLOBALMARKET
90%
80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%
20012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
EuropeAfrica&MiddleEastRestoftheworld
TheAmericasAsiaPacificexcludingChinaChina*
*OfficialChinareportingSource:IEAPVPS
IntheMiddleEastandAfrica,SouthAfricainstallednearly3GWandwasresponsibleforthebulkofnewcapacity,withlessthananestimated700MWelsewhere.Thisisdespiteasignificantvolumeofprojectsannouncedfromthepastyears–theabilityoftheregiontoseeprojectsintoconstructionisstilltobeproven.Forexample,Egypthadjustover300MWofnewcapacityin2023,with700MWinconstructionbutanannouncedpipelineofover11GW.
15
2.2LimitsofReportingConventions
AsthePVmarketgrowsconstantly,reportingofPVinstallationsisbecomingmorecomplex.IEAPVPShasdecidedtocountallPVinstallations,bothgrid-connectedandoff-grid,whennumbersarereported,andtoestimatetheremainingpartonunreportedinstallations.Forcountrieswithhistoricallysignificantcapacityandgoodreporting,aslowyetgrowinggapbetweenshipped/importedcapacityandinstalledcapacitycanbeattributedtoseveralfactorsincludingconversionfactorsfromACtoDC,repoweringanddecommissioning.ConvertingACtoDCpower,particularlyondatasetscoveringawidegeographicala
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