MATLAB7.X图像处理常用函数列表

MATLAB图像处理工具箱函数PAGE第13页共14页MATLAB图像处理工具箱函数表1通用函数函数功能语法colorbar显示颜色条colorbarcolorbar(...,'peer',axes_handle)colorbar(axes_handle)colorbar('location')colorbar(...,'PropertyName',propertyvalue)cbar_axes=colorbar(...)getimage从坐标轴取得图像数据A=getimage(h)[x,y,A]=getimage(h)[...,A,flag]=getimage(h)[...]=getimageimage创建并显示图像对象image(C)image(x,y,C)image(...,'PropertyName',PropertyValue,...)image('PropertyName',PropertyValue,...)Formalsyntax-PN/PVonlyhandle=image(...)imagesc按图像显示数据矩阵imagesc(C)imagesc(x,y,C)imagesc(...,clims)h=imagesc(...)imshow显示图像imshow(I,n)imshow(I,[lowhigh])imshow(BW)imshow(X,map)imshow(RGB)imshow(…,display_option)imshow(x,y,A,…)imshowfilenameh=imshow(…)imview利用图像浏览器显示图像imview(I)imview(RGB)imview(X,map)imview(I,range)imview(filename)imview(...,'InitialMagnification',initial_mag)h=imview(...)imviewcloseallmontage在矩形框中同时显示多帧图像montage(I)montage(BW)montage(X,map)montage(RGB)h=montage(...)immovie创建多帧索引色图像的电影动画mov=immovie(X,map)mov=immovie(RGB)subimage在一个图形中显示多个图像，结合函数subplot使用subimage(X,map)subimage(I)subimage(BW)subimage(RGB)subimage(x,y,...)h=subimage(...)truesize调整图像显示尺寸truesize(fig,[mrowsmcols])truesize(fig)wrap将图像显示到纹理映射表面warp(X,map)warp(I,n)warp(BW)warp(RGB)warp(z,...)warp(x,y,z,...)h=warp(...)zoom缩放图像或图形zoomonzoomoffzoomoutzoomresetzoomzoomxonzoomyonzoom(factor)zoom(fig,option)表2图像文件I/O函数函数功能语法imfinfo返回图像文件信息info=imfinfo(filename,fmt)info=imfinfo(filename)imread从图像文件中读取图像A=imread(filename,fmt)[X,map]=imread(filename,fmt)[...]=imread(filename)[...]=imread(URL,...)[...]=imread(...,idx)(CUR,GIF,ICO,andTIFFonly)[...]=imread(...,'PixelRegion',{ROWS,COLS})(TIFFonly)[...]=imread(...,'frames',idx)(GIFonly)[...]=imread(...,ref)(HDFonly)[...]=imread(...,'BackgroundColor',BG)(PNGonly)[A,map,alpha]=imread(...)(ICO,CUR,andPNGonly)imwrite把图像写入图像文件中imwrite(A,filename,fmt)imwrite(X,map,filename,fmt)imwrite(...,filename)imwrite(...,Param1,Val1,Param2,Val2...)表3空间变换函数函数功能语法findbounds为空间变换寻找输出边界outbounds=findbounds(TFORM,inbounds)fliptform切换空间变换结构的输入和输出角色TFLIP=fliptform(T)imcrop剪切图像I2=imcrop(I)X2=imcrop(X,map)RGB2=imcrop(RGB)I2=imcrop(I,rect)X2=imcrop(X,map,rect)RGB2=imcrop(RGB,rect)[...]=imcrop(x,y,...)[A,rect]=imcrop(...)[x,y,A,rect]=imcrop(...)imresize图像缩放B=imresize(A,m)B=imresize(A,m,method)B=imresize(A,[mrowsncols],method)B=imresize(...,method,n)B=imresize(...,method,h)imrotate图像旋转B=imrotate(A,angle)B=imrotate(A,angle,method)B=imrotate(A,angle,method,bbox)interp22-D数据插值ZI=interp2(X,Y,Z,XI,YI)ZI=interp2(Z,XI,YI)ZI=interp2(Z,ntimes)ZI=interp2(X,Y,Z,XI,YI,method)imtransform对图像进行2-D空间变换B=imtransform(A,TFORM)B=imtransform(A,TFORM,INTERP)[B,XDATA,YDATA]=imtransform(...)[B,XDATA,YDATA]=imtransform(...,param1,val1,param2,val2,...)makeresampler生成重采样结构R=makeresampler(interpolant,padmethod)maketform生成几何变换结构T=maketform(transformtype,...)tformarray多维数组的空间变换B=tformarray(A,T,R,TDIMS_A,TDIMS_B,TSIZE_B,TMAP_B,F)tformfwd正向空间变换[X,Y]=tformfwd(T,U,V)[X1,X2,X3,...]=tformfwd(T,U1,U2,U3,...)X=tformfwd(T,U)[X1,X2,X3,...]=tformfwd(T,U)X=tformfwd(T,U1,U2,U3,...)tforminv逆向空间变换U=tforminv(X,T)表4像素和统计处理函数函数功能语法corr2计算两个矩阵的2-D相关系数r=corr2(A,B)imcontour创建图像的轮廓图imcontour(I)imcontour(I,n)imcontour(I,v)imcontour(x,y,...)imcontour(...,LineSpec)[C,h]=imcontour(...)imhist显示图像的直方图imhist(I,n)imhist(X,map)[counts,x]=imhist(...)impixel确定像素颜色值P=impixel(I)P=impixel(X,map)P=impixel(RGB)P=impixel(I,c,r)P=impixel(X,map,c,r)P=impixel(RGB,c,r)[c,r,P]=impixel(...)P=impixel(x,y,I,xi,yi)P=impixel(x,y,X,map,xi,yi)P=impixel(x,y,RGB,xi,yi)[xi,yi,P]=impixel(x,y,...)improfile沿线段计算剖面图的像素值c=improfilec=improfile(n)c=improfile(I,xi,yi)c=improfile(I,xi,yi,n)[cx,cy,c]=improfile(...)[cx,cy,c,xi,yi]=improfile(...)[...]=improfile(x,y,I,xi,yi)[...]=improfile(x,y,I,xi,yi,n)[...]=improfile(...,method)mean2求矩阵元素平均值B=mean2(A)pixval显示图像像素信息pixvalonpixvaloffpixvalpixval(fig,option)pixval(ax,option)pixval(H,option)regionprops得到图像区域属性STATS=regionprops(L,properties)std2计算矩阵元素的标准偏移b=std2(A)表5图像分析函数函数功能语法edge识别灰度图像中的边界BW=edge(I,'sobel')BW=edge(I,'sobel',thresh)BW=edge(I,'sobel',thresh,direction)[BW,thresh]=edge(I,'sobel',...)BW=edge(I,'prewitt')BW=edge(I,'prewitt',thresh)BW=edge(I,'prewitt',thresh,direction)[BW,thresh]=edge(I,'prewitt',...)BW=edge(I,'roberts')BW=edge(I,'roberts',thresh)[BW,thresh]=edge(I,'roberts',...)BW=edge(I,'log')BW=edge(I,'log',thresh)BW=edge(I,'log',thresh,sigma)[BW,threshold]=edge(I,'log',...)qtdecomp执行四叉树分解S=qtdecomp(I)S=qtdecomp(I,threshold)S=qtdecomp(I,threshold,mindim)S=qtdecomp(I,threshold,[mindimmaxdim])S=qtdecomp(I,fun)S=qtdecomp(I,fun,P1,P2,...)qtgetblk获取四叉树分解中的数组块值[vals,r,c]=qtgetblk(I,S,dim)[vals,idx]=qtgetblk(I,S,dim)qtsetblk设置四叉树分解中的数组块值J=qtsetblk(I,S,dim,vals)表6图像增强函数函数功能语法adapthisteq执行对比度受限的直方图均衡J=adapthisteq(I)J=adapthisteq(I,param1,val1,param2,val2...)decorrstretch对多通道图像应用解卷积延拓S=decorrstretch(I)S=decorrstretch(I,TOL)histeq用直方图均等化增强对比度J=histeq(I,hgram)J=histeq(I,n)[J,T]=histeq(I,...)newmap=histeq(X,map,hgram)newmap=histeq(X,map)[newmap,T]=histeq(X,...)imadjust调整图像灰度值或颜色映射表J=imadjust(I)J=imadjust(I,[low_in;high_in],[low_out;high_out])J=imadjust(...,gamma)newmap=imadjust(map,[low_inhigh_in],[low_outhigh_out],gamma)RGB2=imadjust(RGB1,...)imnoise向图像中加入噪声J=imnoise(I,type)J=imnoise(I,type,parameters)medfilt2进行二维中值滤波B=medfilt2(A,[mn])B=medfilt2(A)B=medfilt2(A,'indexed',...)ordfilt2进行二维统计顺序滤波B=ordfilt2(A,order,domain)B=ordfilt2(A,order,domain,S)B=ordfilt2(...,padopt)stretchlim得到图像对比度延拓的灰度上下限LOW_HIGH=stretchlim(I,TOL)LOW_HIGH=stretchlim(RGB,TOL)wiener2进行二维适应性去噪滤波J=wiener2(I,[mn],noise)[J,noise]=wiener2(I,[mn])表7线性滤波函数函数功能语法conv2二维卷积C=conv2(A,B)C=conv2(hcol,hrow,A)C=conv2(...,'shape')convmtx2二维矩阵卷积T=convmtx2(H,m,n)T=convmtx2(H,[mn])convnn维卷积C=convn(A,B)C=convn(A,B,'shape')filter2二维线性滤波Y=filter2(h,X)Y=filter2(h,X,shape)fspecial创建预定义滤波器h=fspecial(type)h=fspecial(type,parameters)imfilter多维图像滤波B=imfilter(A,H)B=imfilter(A,H,option1,option2,...)表8线性二维滤波器设计函数函数功能语法freqspace确定二维频率响应的频率空间[f1,f2]=freqspace(n)[f1,f2]=freqspace([mn])[x1,y1]=freqspace(...,'meshgrid')f=freqspace(N)f=freqspace(N,'whole')freqz2计算二维频率响应[H,f1,f2]=freqz2(h,n1,n2)[H,f1,f2]=freqz2(h,[n2n1])[H,f1,f2]=freqz2(h)[H,f1,f2]=freqz2(h,f1,f2)[...]=freqz2(h,...,[dxdy])[...]=freqz2(h,...,dx)freqz2(...)fsamp2用频率采样法设计二维FIR滤波器h=fsamp2(Hd)h=fsamp2(f1,f2,Hd,[mn])ftrans2通过频率转换法设计二维FIR滤波器h=ftrans2(b,t)h=ftrans2(b)fwind1用一维窗口方法设计二维FIR滤波器h=fwind1(Hd,win)h=fwind1(Hd,win1,win2)h=fwind1(f1,f2,Hd,...)fwind2用二维窗口方法设计二维FIR滤波器h=fwind2(Hd,win)h=fwind2(f1,f2,Hd,win)表9图像变换函数函数功能语法dct2进行二维离散余弦变换B=dct2(A)B=dct2(A,m,n)B=dct2(A,[mn])dctmtx计算离散余弦变换矩阵D=dctmtx(n)fft2进行二维快速傅立叶变换Y=fft2(X)Y=fft2(X,m,n)fftn进行n维快速傅立叶变换Y=fftn(X)Y=fftn(X,siz)fftshift转换快速傅立叶变换的输出象限Y=fftshift(X)Y=fftshift(X,dim)idct2计算二维逆离散余弦变换B=idct2(A)B=idct2(A,m,n)B=idct2(A,[mn])ifft2计算二维逆快速傅立叶变换Y=ifft2(X)Y=ifft2(X,m,n)y=ifft2(...,'nonsymmetric')y=ifft2(...,'nonsymmetric')ifftn计算n维逆快速傅立叶变换Y=ifftn(X)Y=ifftn(X,siz)y=ifftn(...,'nonsymmetric')y=ifftn(...,'nonsymmetric')iradon逆Radon变换I=iradon(R,theta)I=iradon(R,theta,interp,filter,frequency_scaling,output_size)[I,H]=iradon(...)phantom产生一个头部幻影图像P=phantom(def,n)P=phantom(E,n)[P,E]=phantom(...)radon计算Radon变换R=radon(I,theta)[R,xp]=radon(…)fanbeam计算扇形投影变换F=fanbeam(I,D)F=fanbeam(...,param1,val1,param1,val2,...)[F,sensor_positions,fan_rotation_angles]=fanbeam(...)表10边沿和块处理函数函数功能语法bestblk确定进行块操作的块大小siz=bestblk([mn],k)[mb,nb]=bestblk([mn],k)blkproc实现图像的非重叠（distinct）块操作B=blkproc(A,[mn],fun)B=blkproc(A,[mn],fun,P1,P2,...)B=blkproc(A,[mn],[mbordernborder],fun,...)B=blkproc(A,'indexed',...)col2im将矩阵的列重新组织到块中A=col2im(B,[mn],[mmnn],block_type)A=col2im(B,[mn],[mmnn])colfilt利用列相关函数进行边沿操作B=colfilt(A,[mn],block_type,fun)B=colfilt(A,[mn],block_type,fun,P1,P2,...)B=colfilt(A,[mn],[mblocknblock],block_type,fun,...)B=colfilt(A,'indexed',...)im2col重调图像块为列B=im2col(A,[mn],block_type)B=im2col(A,[mn])B=im2col(A,'indexed',...)nlfilter通用滑动邻域操作B=nlfilter(A,[mn],fun)B=nlfilter(A,[mn],fun,P1,P2,...)B=nlfilter(A,'indexed',...)表11图像形态学操作函数函数功能语法applylut在二值图像中利用查找表进行邻域操作A=applylut(BW,LUT)bwarea计算二值图像的对象面积total=bwarea(BW)bweuler计算二值图像的欧拉数eul=bweuler(BW,n)bwhitmiss执行二值图像的击中和击不中操作BW2=bwhitmiss(BW1,SE1,SE2)BW2=bwhitmiss(BW1,INTERVAL)bwlabel标注二值图像中已连接的部分L=bwlabel(BW,n)[L,num]=bwlabel(BW,n)bwmorph二值图像的通用形态学操作BW2=bwmorph(BW,operation)BW2=bwmorph(BW,operation,n)bwperim计算二值图像中对象的周长BW2=bwperim(BW1)BW2=bwperim(BW1,CONN)bwselect在二值图像中选择对象BW2=bwselect(BW,c,r,n)BW2=bwselect(BW,n)[BW2,idx]=bwselect(...)BW2=bwselect(x,y,BW,xi,yi,n)[x,y,BW2,idx,xi,yi]=bwselect(...)makelut创建用于applylut函数的查找表lut=makelut(fun,n)lut=makelut(fun,n,P1,P2,...)bwdist距离变换D=bwdist(BW)[D,L]=bwdist(BW)[D,L]=bwdist(BW,METHOD)imbothat执行形态学的闭包运算IM2=imbothat(IM,SE)IM2=imbothat(IM,NHOOD)imclose图像的闭运算IM2=imclose(IM,SE)IM2=imclose(IM,NHOOD)imopen图像的开运算IM2=imopen(IM,SE)IM2=imopen(IM,NHOOD)imdilate图像的膨胀IM2=imdilate(IM,SE)IM2=imdilate(IM,NHOOD)IM2=imdilate(IM,SE,PACKOPT)IM2=imdilate(...,PADOPT)imerode图像的腐蚀IM2=imerode(IM,SE)IM2=imerode(IM,NHOOD)IM2=imerode(IM,SE,PACKOPT,M)IM2=imerode(...,PADOPT)imfill填充图像区域BW2=imfill(BW,locations)BW2=imfill(BW,'holes')I2=imfill(I)BW2=imfill(BW)[BW2locations]=imfill(BW)BW2=imfill(BW,locations,CONN)BW2=imfill(BW,CONN,'holes')I2=imfill(I,CONN)imtophat用开运算后的图像减去原图像IM2=imtophat(IM,SE)IM2=imtophat(IM,NHOOD)strel创建形态学结构元素SE=strel(shape,parameters)表12区域处理函数函数功能语法roicolor选择感兴趣的颜色区BW=roicolor(A,low,high)BW=roicolor(A,v)roifill在图像的任意区域中进行平滑插补J=roifill(I,c,r)J=roifill(I)J=roifill(I,BW)[J,BW]=roifill(...)J=roifill(x,y,I,xi,yi)[x,y,J,BW,xi,yi]=roifill(...)roifilt2滤波特定区域J=roifilt2(h,I,BW)J=roifilt2(I,BW,fun)J=roifilt2(I,BW,fun,P1,P2,...)roipoly选择一个感兴趣的多边形区域BW=roipoly(I,c,r)BW=roipoly(I)BW=roipoly(x,y,I,xi,yi)[BW,xi,yi]=roipoly(...)[x,y,BW,xi,yi]=roipoly(...)表13图像代数操作函数功能语法imadd加运算Z=imadd(X,Y)imsubtract减运算Z=imsubtract(X,Y)immultiply乘运算Z=immultiply(X,Y)imdivide除运算Z=imdivide(X,Y)表14颜色空间转换函数函数功能语法hsv2rgb转换HSV的值为RGB颜色空间M=hsv2rgb(H)ntsc2rgb转换NTSC的值为RGB颜色空间rgbmap=ntsc2rgb(yiqmap)RGB=ntsc2rgb(YIQ)rgb2hsv转换RGB的值为HSV颜色空间cmap=rgb2hsv(M)rgb2ntsc转换RGB的值为NTSC颜色空间yiqmap=rgb2ntsc(rgbmap)YIQ=rgb2ntsc(RGB)rgb2ycbcr转换RGB的值为YCbCr颜色空间ycbcrmap=rgb2ycbcr(rgbmap)YCBCR=rgb2ycbcr(RGB)ycbcr2rgb转换YCbCr的值为RGB颜色空间rgbmap=ycbcr2rgb(ycbcrmap)RGB=ycbcr2rgb(YCBCR)表15图像类型和类型转换函数函数功能语法dither通过抖动增加外观颜色分辨率，转换图像X=dither(RGB,map)BW=dither(I)gray2ind转换灰度图像为索引色图像[X,map]=gray2ind(I,n)[X,map]=gray2ind(BW,n)grayslice从灰度图像为索引色图像X=grayslice(I,n)X=grayslice(I,v)im2bw转换图像为二值图像BW=im2bw(I,level)BW=im2bw(X,map,level)BW=im2bw(RGB,level)im2double转换图像矩阵为双精度类型I2=im2double(I)RGB2=im2double(RGB)I=im2double(BW)X2=im2double(X,'indexed')double转换数据为双精度类型double(X)uint8转换数据为8位无符号整型I=uint8(X)im2uint8转换图像阵列为8位为无符号整型I2=im2uint8(I)RGB2=im2uint8(RGB)I=im2uint8(BW)X2=im2uint8(X,'indexed')im2uint16转换图像阵列为16位为无符号整型I2=im2uint16(I)RGB2=im2uint16(RGB)I=im2uint16(BW)X2=im2uint16(X,'indexed')uint16转换数据为16位无符号整型I=uint16(X)ind2gray转换索引色图像为灰度图像I=ind2gray(X,map)ind2rgb转换索引色图像为RGB图像RG