2018年江苏省普通高校专转本选拔考试英语真题及标准答案

2018年江苏省普通高校专转本选拔考试英语真题(总分：150.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、ReadingComprehension(总题数：4，分数：40.00)PassageOne

Scientistsaretryingtomakethedesertsintogoodlandagain.Theywanttobringwaterintodessertssothatpeoplecanliveandgrowfood.Evenso,moreandmoreoftheearthisbecomingdesertallthetime.

Why?Scientiststhinkthatpeoplemakedeserts.Peoplearedoingbadthingstotheearth.

Someplacesontheearthdonotgetverymuchrain.Yet,theystilldonotbecomedeserts.Thisisbecausetherearesomesmallgreenplantsgrowingthere.Plantshelpkeepwaterintheearth.Plantsdonotletthewindblowthedirtaway.Withoutplants,thelandcanbecomeadesertmuchmoreeasily.

Amandecidestomakeafarminaverydryplace.Hedigsintheearthandtakesawaythegrassandplantsthatarealreadygrowingonthedryland.

Hemakesafarm.Heputsplantsinrows.Thesunisveryhot.Itmakesthelandevendrier.Whentheraincomes,itrunsbetweentherowsofplants.Itwashesthegooddirtaway.Whenthewindcomes,itblowsbetweentherowsoftheplants.Itblowsthegooddirtaway.Soonthelandisnotgoodenoughforafarmanymore.Themanletshisanimalseatalltheplantson

it.Nowthelanddoesnothaveanyplantsonit.Thesunandwinddrythelandandallofthegooddirtaway.Nowthelandisadesert.

（分数：10）(1).Adesertisprobably______.

（分数：2）

A.grass

B.treeless

√

C.wet

D.muddy解析：(2)..Landisbecomingdesertbecauseoflackof______.

（分数：2）

A.rain

B.wind

C.people

D.plants

√解析：(3).WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhysmallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplaces?

（分数：2）

A.Theykeeptheearthfrombecomingevendrier

B.Theydonotletwindblowtheearthaway

C.Theyaddcolortothedryplaces

√

D.Theyholdwater解析：(4).Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______

.

（分数：2）

A.itisbadtoplantinrowsinadryplace

√

B.itisbettertoraiseanimalsondrylandthantomakeafarm

C.itisbadtomakeafarminadryplace,butitisgoodtoraiseanimalsthere

D.alllandsthatdon’tgetveryranaredeserts`解析：(5).What’sthepurposeofthewritertogiveanexampleoftheman?______.

（分数：2）

A.Tocriticizehim

B.Totellaninterestingstory

C.Toprovethatmanmakesdeserts

√

D.Toprovethehotsunmakesadesert解析：PassageTwo

Therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork--infact,theylovetowork.Theyspendmanyextrahoursonthejobeachworkandoftentakeworkhomewiththem.Theseworkaholicsareasaddictedtotheirjobsasotherpeoplearetodrugsoralcohol.

Insomecitycenters,workaholismissocommonthatpeopledonotconsideritunusual.theyacceptthelifestyleasnormal.

Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem.Becausetrueworkaholicswouldratherworkthandoanythingelse,theyprobablydon’tknowhowtorelax;thatis,theymightnotenjoymovies,sports,orothertypesofentertainment.Mostofall,theyhatetositanddonothing.Thelivesofworkaholicsareusuallystressful,andthisstresscancausehealthproblems.Inaddition,typicalworkaholicsdon’tpaymuchattentiontotheirfamilies.Theyspendlittletimewiththeirchildren,andmarriagesmayend.Isworkaholismalwaysdangerous?Perhapsnot.Thereare,certainly,peoplewhoworkwellunderstress.Somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholicshavegreatenergyandinterestinlife.Theirworksopleasurablethattheyareactuallyveryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentarethesamething.Theirjobsprovidethemwithachallenge;thiskeepsthembusyandcreative.Otherpeopleretirefromworkatagesixty-five,butworkaholicsusually

prefernottoquit.Theyarestillinterestedinwork-andlife-intheireightiesandnineties.

Perhapssomepeopleareforcedtowork,buttheiraddictiontoworkseemstobeasafe-evenanadvantageous-one.

（分数：10）(1).Theword“workaholics”inthefirstparagraphreferstothose______.

（分数：2）

A.whoarealwaysunderstressanddon’tknowhowtogetridofit

B.whodonothaveagoodrelationshipwiththeirchildrenandwives

C.whodon’tknowhowtoenjoymoviesordosportsintheirsparetime

D.whospendmostoftheirtimeworkingandhavenotimeinotherthings

√解析：(2).Aproblemworkaholismmaycauseisthat______.

（分数：2）

A.thelifeunderstressmightbedullandboring

B.people’shealthmightbedamagedbyoverwork

√

C.thechancetolivetogetherwithfamiliesmaybegood

D.theabilitytogetalongwithpeopleisnotdeveloped解析：(3).Accordingtothefourthparagraphwhatkeepsaworkaholicalwaysbusyis______.

（分数：2）

A.themoneyhisjobprovides

B.theentertainmentinlife

C.thechallengeinhisjob

√

D.thestressinlife解析：(4).Workaholicsarenotwillingtoleavetheirpostsatagesixty-fivemainlybecause______.

（分数：2）

A.theywantmoremoney

B.theyarestillingoodhealth

C.theywanttomeetnewpeople

D.theyfeelworkmeansalottothem

√解析：(5).Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthearticle?______.

（分数：2）

A.Workaholism

√

B.AnAddiction

C.WorkandEntertainment

D.WorkandHealth解析：PassageThree

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotaccepttheideasoftheelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembervividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguiltyintheirpersonallives?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithallthatisimportantinlife?

Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold-iftheyarepreparedtoadmitit-couldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheylearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.

（分数：10）(1).Accordingtothepassage,theyoungtoday______

.

（分数：2）

A.areforcedtoremembertheoldevents

B.aremoredependentonfamily

C.havemoremoneyandfreedom

√

D.havemorerestrictionsandproblems解析：(2).Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

（分数：2）

A.thedifferencesbetweentheyoungandtheoldarethegreatest

√

B.todaytheoldcomplainmoreabouttheyoung’sbehaviors

C.theyoungarebettereducatedandknowmore

D.theoldremembermanyoldevents解析：(3).Theyoungcan’tunderstand______

.

（分数：2）

A.whytheyshouldrememberthoseoldevents

B.whytheirparentsaresoprogressiveofthem

C.whytheyshouldreceivebettereducation

D.whytheoldoftenresorttoviolenceorwartosolveproblems

√解析：(4).Whichofthefollowingstatementsisthereasonwhytheoldalwaysassumetheyknowbest?

（分数：2）

A.theyarericherthantheyoung

B.theyarehappierthantheyoung

C.theyhavebettermemorythantheyoung

D.theyhavelivedlongerthantheyoung

√解析：(5).Accordingtothepassage,whattheoldcanlearnfromtheyoungisthat______.

（分数：2）

A.onehasreasontoenjoylife

√

B.conventionalpoliticsisgoingouttheway

C.receivingbettereducationisveryimportant

D.happinessisthemostimportantthinginlife解析：PassageFour

Humanwantsseemendless.Whenastarvingmangetsameal,hebeginstothinkaboutanovercoat;whenanexecutivegetsanewsportscar,visionsofcountryclubsandpleasureboatsdanceintoview.

Themanywantsofmankindmightberegardedasmakingupseverallevels.Whenthereismoneyenoughtosatisfyonelevelofwants,anotherlevelappears.

Thefirstandmostbasiclevelofwantsinvolvesfood.Oncethiswantissatisfied,asecondlevelofwantsappears:clothingandsomesortofshelter.BytheendofWorldWarIIthesewantsweresatisfiedforagreatmajorityofAmericans.Thenathirdlevelappeared.Itincludedsuchitemsasautomobilesandnewhouses.

By1957or1958thisthirdlevelofwantswasfairlywellsatisfied.Theninthelate1950safourthlevelofwantsappeared:the“life-enriching”level.Whiletheotherlevelsmeanphysicalsatisfaction-thefeeding,comfort,safetyandtransportationofthehumanbody,thislevelstressesmentalneedsforrecognition,achievementandhappiness.Itincludesavarietyofgoodsandservicesmanyofwhichcouldbecalled“luxury”items.Amongthemarevacationtrips,thebestmedicalcareandentertainment.Alsoincludedherearefancyfoodsandthelateststylesinclothing.

Onthefourthlevel,agreaterpercentageofconsumersspendinggoestoservices,whileonthefirstthreelevelsmoreisspentongoods.Willconsumersraisetheirsightstoafifthlevelofwantsastheirincomeincreases,orwilltheycontinuetodemandluxuriesandpersonalservicesonthefourthlevel?

Afifthlevelprobablywouldbewantsthatcanbeachievedbestbycommunityaction.Consumersmaybespendingmoreontaxestopayforgovernmentactionagainstdisease,ignorance,crime,andprejudice.Afterfillingourstomachs,ourclothesclosets,ourgarages,ourteeth,andourminds,wenowmayseektoensurethehealth,safetyandleisuretoenjoymorefullythegoodthingsonthefirstfourlevels.

（分数：10）(1).Accordingtothepassage,manwillbegintothinkaboutsuchneedsashousingandclothingonlywhen_______.（分数：2）

A.hehassavedupenoughmoney

B.hehasgrowndissatisfiedwithhissimpleshelter

C.hehassatisfiedhishunger

√

D.hehaslearnedtobuildhouses解析：(2).ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbytheendofWorldWarIImostAmericans______.

（分数：2）

A.wereveryrich

B.livedinpoverty

C.hadthegoodthingsonthefirstthreelevels

D.didn’townautomobiles

√解析：(3).AllofthefollowingEXCEPT______arerelatedto“physicalsatisfactions”.

（分数：2）

A.asuccessfulcareer

√

B.acozyhome

C.agoodservice

D.afamilycar解析：(4).Themainconcernofmanonthefourthlevelis______.

（分数：2）

A.themoregoodsthebetter

B.themorementalsatisfactionthebetter

√

C.themore“luxury”itemsthebetter

D.themoreearningsthebetter解析：(5).Theauthorisinclinedtothinkthatafifthlevel______.

（分数：2）

A.wouldbelittlebetterthanthefourthlevel

B.maybealotmoredesirablethanthefirstfour

√

C.canbethelastandmostsatisfyinglevel

D.willbecomeattainableifthegovernmenttakesactions解析：二、VocabularyandStructure(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgototheparktotakepictures.

（分数：1.00）

A.willsnow

B.wouldsnow

√

C.snows

D.snowed解析：2.Shesenthertwochildrentotheboardingschoolwhen______wasonlyeight.

（分数：1.00）

A.theyoungest

B.themostyounger

C.theyounger

√

D.themoreyounger解析：3.ThepersonItrustedmostwasafriend______Ihadbeencooperatinginbusinessforalongtime.（分数：1.00）

A.whom

B.withwhom

√

C.withwho

D.that解析：4.Allflights______becauseofthestrike,theyhadtofindsomeothermeansoftransportation.

（分数：1.00）

A.havingbeencanceled

√

B.hadbeencanceled

C.havingcanceled

D.werecanceled解析：5.Onehundredandtwentymilesperhour______usuallythespeedlimitforcarsonhighway.

（分数：1.00）

A.are

B.is

√

C.have

D.had解析：6.Aftertheparty,thehostessdidnotknowwho______forthebrokenvase.

（分数：1.00）

A.willblame

B.blamed

C.toblame

√

D.blames解析：7.______youarewellpreparedforthecomingexam,youwillfailit.

（分数：1.00）

A.If

B.Unless

√

C.Provided

D.Until解析：8.Theemployeeturnedadeafeartowhatthebosssaid,______annoyedthebossverymuch.

（分数：1.00）

A.which

√

B.what

C.that

D.how解析：9.Theflowerslookedasifthey______

foralongtime.

（分数：1.00）

A.haven’twatered

B.didn’twater

C.hadn’tbeenwatered

√

D.watered解析：10.______

,hehasachievedgreatsuccessinthefieldofinformationtechnology.

（分数：1.00）

A.Asheisyoung

B.Youngishe

C.Youngasheis

√

D.Youngheis解析：11.Haditnotbeenforhiscarelessness,David______thefirstprizeinthemathematicscontest.

（分数：1.00）

A.wouldwin

B.wouldhavewon

√

C.willwin

D.won解析：12.IboughttwoT-shirtsformyteenageson,buthedidnotlike______.

（分数：1.00）

A.bothofthem

B.twoofthem

C.eitherofthem

√

D.neitherofthem解析：13.______ofanunhappymarriage,shefeltrelievedandwaseagertoembraceanewlife.

（分数：1.00）

A.Tobefree

B.Freeing

C.tofree

D.Freed

√解析：14.______

wasbecauseofhismisjudgmentthatthecompanygotinvolvedinfinancial

difficulties.

（分数：1.00）

A.It

√

B.That

C.What

D.Which解析：15.Itisessentialthatyou______

trainticketsasearlyaspossiblebeforetheSpringFestival.

（分数：1.00）

A.mustbook

B.willbook

C.arebooking

D.book

√解析：16.Iamsorrytokeep______forsuchlongtime,forthemachinedidn’tworkproperly.

（分数：1.00）

A.youwaited

B.youwait

C.youtowait

D.youwaiting

√解析：17.We______ontheisolatedislandforthirtyhourswhentherescueteamfinallycame.

（分数：1.00）

A.stayed

B.hadbeenstaying

√

C.havebeenstaying

D.havestayed解析：18.Notonly______thenurseswantapayincrease,theywantedreducedaswell.

（分数：1.00）

A.did

√

B.do

C.have

D.had解析：19.She______thatitwasverycoldonthemountaintop,becauseshejustcamedownfromthere.

（分数：1.00）

A.wouldknow

B.usedtoknow

C.canknow

D.oughttoknow

√解析：20.Bythetimeyougetup,I______forwork,

（分数：1.00）

A.wouldbeleaving

B.shallhaveleft

√

C.havealreadyleft

D.amleaving解析：21.Johnsondecidedtoquithisjob______acceptthenewrules.

（分数：1.00）

A.morethan

B.otherthan

C.betterthan

D.ratherthan

√解析：22.______mostpeopleintheoffice,Igotoworkbybus.

（分数：1.00）

A.Unlike

√

B.Dislike

C.Liking

D.Alike解析：23.Thechairman______unexpectedlyatthemeeting.Wethoughthewasstillinhospital.

（分数：1.00）

A.turnin

B.turnover

C.turnup

√

D.turndown解析：24.Wavinggoodbyetohisfamily,heranintothecrowdand______fromthesight.

（分数：1.00）

A.vanished

√

B.escaped

C.melted

D.varied解析：25.Althoughherparentsdidn’tliketheman,shegotmarriedtohim______theirwish.

（分数：1.00）

A.of

B.for

C.after

D.against

√解析：26.Nowadaysmanyyoungcouples______theirparentstotakecareoftheirbaby.

（分数：1.00）

A.countin

B.counton

√

C.countwith

D.countoff解析：27.Thefriendsofhisroommateweresonoisythathecouldn’t______themanymore.

（分数：1.00）

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.comprehend

D.stand

√解析：28.Only10outofthe27passengers______theplanecrashinRussialastmonth.

（分数：1.00）

A.retained

B.endured

C.maintained

D.survived

√解析：29.Youngpeopletendtokeep______withsocialchangesmorequicklytheolderpeople.

（分数：1.00）

A.step

B.progress

C.pace

√

D.touch解析：30.Itissopleasanttostandintheforestand______

freshair.

（分数：1.00）

A.takein

√

B.takeout

C.bringin

D.comeout解析：31.Hekeptwalkingupanddown,whichwasasure______thathewasworried.

（分数：1.00）

A.sign

√

B.character

C.nature

D.end解析：32.RecentlyakindoftraditionalChinesemedicineisquitepopularintheUnitedStates,foritis

effectiveto______patientsoftheircough.

（分数：1.00）

A.treat

B.mend

C.recover

D.cure

√解析：33.Whileconvenientforcommunication,mobilephonesmayhaveanegative______

onchildren.

（分数：1.00）

A.affect

B.effect

√

C.perfect

D.defect解析：34.Thegreatscientistsworked10hoursaday______hisoldage.

（分数：1.00）

A.inspiteof

√

B.inspite

C.despiteof

D.despitewith解析：35.InChineseculture,“red”______happiness,whileinsomewesterncountries“red”ismoreconnectedwithdangerandwarning.

（分数：1.00）

A.stands

B.represents

√

C.presents

D.resents解析：36.______springisafavouriteseasonforpeopletobechosetonature.

（分数：1.00）

A.Later

B.Last

C.Latter

D.Late

√解析：37.Menareusuallyquitegoodatmap-reading,butTomisthe______.

（分数：1.00）

A.inspection

B.reception

C.exception

√

D.expectation解析：38.AsIchangedmyplan,Iphonedthehotelto______myreservation.

（分数：1.00）

A.accept

B.cancel

√

C.refuse

D.reach解析：39.Peoplearemotallowedtotalkloudlyinthelibrarysoasnotto______otherreaders.

（分数：1.00）

A.prevent

B.distract

√

C.attract

D.appeal解析：40.Askingaboutalady’sageisconsideredtobean______questioninwesterncultures.

（分数：1.00）

A.embarrassing

√

B.interesting

C.embarrassed

D.interested解析：三、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor:youmustbeableto【A1】theattentionandinterestofyourstudents,youmustbea【A2】speaker,withagood,strong【A3】

voicewhichisfullyunderyoucontrol;andyoumustbeableto【A4】

whatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.【A5】agoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesnotsitstill【A6】

hisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghis【A7】

,handsandfingerstohelphiminhisexplanation,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.Listentohimyouwill【A8】theloudness,thequalityandthemusicalnoteofhisvoicealways

【A9】accordingtowhatheis【A10】

about.Thefactthatagoodteacherhassomeofthegiftsofagoodactordoesn’t【A11】

thathewillindeedbeabletoact【A12】onthestage,forthereareveryimportant【A13】betweentheteacher’sworkandtheactor’s.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythe【A14】

wordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,

【A15】hismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusually

【A16】

beforehand.Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnatural

【A17】

thestage.

Agoodteacher【A18】

inquiteadifferentway.Hisstudentstakeanactivepartinhis【A19】

:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.Theteacherthereforehastosuithisacttotheneedsofhisstudents.Hecan’tlearnhispartbyheart,butmust【A20】

itashegoesalong.

（分数：20）(1).【A1】（分数：1）

A.play

B.give

C.hold

√

D.know解析：(2).【A2】（分数：1）

A.clear

√

B.slow

C.quick

D.aloud解析：(3).【A3】（分数：1）

A.lightening

B.surprising

C.learning

D.pleasing

√解析：(4).【A4】（分数：1）

A.act

√

B.talk

C.say

D.tell解析：(5).【A5】（分数：1）

A.Listen

B.Watch

√

C.Look

D.Glance解析：(6).【A6】（分数：1）

A.for

B.behind

C.before

√

D.with解析：(7).【A7】（分数：1）

A.tongue

B.words

C.sound

D.arms

√解析：(8).【A8】（分数：1）

A.see

B.hear

√

C.think

D.guess解析：(9).【A9】（分数：1）

A.making

B.changing

√

C.expressing

D.giving解析：(10).【A10】（分数：1）

A.talking

√

B.thinking

C.hearing

D.saying解析：(11).【A11】（分数：1）

A.tell

B.express

C.know

D.mean

√解析：(12).【A12】（分数：1）

A.good

B.badly

C.well

√

D.actively解析：(13).【A13】（分数：1）

A.things

B.differences

√

C.points

D.jobs解析：(14).【A14】（分数：1）

A.different

B.same

√

C.above

D.following解析：(15).【A15】（分数：1）

A.just

B.never

C.even

√

D.ever解析：(16).【A16】（分数：1）

A.read

B.known

C.fixed

√

D.written解析：(17).【A17】（分数：1）

A.natural

√

B.pleasant

C.false

D.clear解析：(18).【A18】（分数：1）

A.is

B.has

C.teach

D.works

√解析：(19).【A19】（分数：1）

A.group

B.party

C.class

√

D.play解析：(20).【A20】（分数：1）

A.invent

√

B.discover

C.teach

D.continue解析：四、Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、SectionA(总题数：5，分数：20.00)41.Theywanttobringwaterintodessertssothatpeoplecanliveandgrowfood.（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(他们想把水带来到沙漠里，这样人们就可以在这里生活在这里种植粮食了。)解析：42.Insomecitycenters,workaholismissocommonthatpeopledonotconsideritunusual.

（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(在一些城市中心，工作狂现象非常普遍以至于人们并不认为它不正常。)解析：43.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(他们成长地更快，也不再依赖他们的父母。)解析：44.Whenthereismoneyenoughtosatisfyonelevelofwants,anotherlevelappears.（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(当有足够的钱来满足第一个层次的需求，另一个层次需求就会出现。)解析：45.Itincludesavarietyofgoodsandservicesmanyofwhichcouldbecalled“luxury”items.

（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(它包括各种各样的商品和服务，其中很多可以被称之为“奢侈品”。)解析：六、SectionB(总题数：5，分数：15.00)46.现在的自然环境要比10年前好多了。

（分数：3.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(Thenaturalenvironmentismuchbetterthanitwastenyearsago.)解析：47.著名电影导演大卫被邀请来参加电影节。（分数：3.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(Thefamousfilmdirectorwasinvitedtoattendthefilmfestival.)解析：48.我不知道他是否已经找到工作。

（分数：3.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：(Idon'tknowwheth