新教材2024高中英语Unit3DiverseCulturesSectionIIReadingandThinking同步测试新人教版必修第三册

PAGESectionⅡReadingandThinking(1)阅读理解AMostpeoplewhomovetoaforeigncountrymayexperienceaperiodoftimewhentheyhavealotofstressinthenewculture.Thisfeelingisoftencalled“cultureshock”anditisimportanttolearnhowtodealwithcultureshock.Firstofall,youshouldknowthateveryoneinanewsituationwillgothroughsomeformofcultureshock.Therearefourgeneralstagesofculturaladjustment.Thefirststageisusuallyreferredtoasthehoneymoonstage.Uponarrivinginanewenvironment,you’llbeinterestedinthenewculture.Everythingwillseemexciting,andeveryonewillseemfriendlyandhelpful.Thesecondstageiscalledthewithdrawalstage.Theexcitementthatyoufeltbeforechangestodisappointmentasyoufinditdifficulttodealwithnewproblems.Thelanguageishardtolearn;friendsarehardtomake;simplethingslikeshoppingandgoingtothebankarechallenges.Itisatthisstagethatyouarelikelytofeelanxiousandhomesick.Ifyouareoneofthosewhomanagetostickitout,youwillenterthethirdstage—therecoverystage.Atthispoint,you’llfeelmoreconfidentinthenewculture.You’llstarttounderstandandacceptthewaythingsaredoneandthewaypeoplebehaveinyournewenvironment.Thelaststageisthestability(稳定)stage—thisisthepointwhenpeoplestarttofeelathomeinthenewculture.Atthisstage,youwillbehavewellinthenewculture,andprefersomeaspectsofthenewculturetoyourownculture.Thereis,inasense,afifthstagetothisprocess.Ifyoudecidetoreturnhomeafteralongperiodinanewculture,youmayexperiencewhatiscalled“reversecultureshock”(反向文化冲击).Thismeansthatyoumayfindaspectsofyourownculture“foreign”,becauseyou’resousedtothenewculture.Reversecultureshockisusuallyprettymildanddoesn’tlastforverylong.1.Whatwillpeopletendtodoatthehoneymoonstage?A.Theyfindthenewcultureishardtoaccept.B.Theymisstheirfamilyandfriendsverymuch.C.Theybegintounderstandwhatcultureshockis.D.Theyhaveagoodimpressionofthenewculture.解析:推理推断题。依据其次段中的“beinterestedin”,“exciting”,“friendlyandhelpful”等推断,在蜜月阶段人们对新的文化会有一个好的印象。故选D。答案:D2.Inwhichstagewillpeoplefeelmostuncomfortable?A.Thehoneymoonstage.B.Thewithdrawalstage.C.Therecoverystage.D.Thestabilitystage.解析:细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句“Itisatthisstagethatyouarelikelytofeelanxiousandhomesick.”可知,在“withdrawalstage”人会感到焦虑和想家,最不舒适。故选B。答案:B3.Howdopeopleusuallyfeelatthestabilitystage?A.Lucky.B.Nervous.C.Relaxed. D.Disappointed.解析:细微环节理解题。依据第五段中的“thisisthepointwhenpeoplestarttofeelathomeinthenewculture”可知,在这一阶段的人会感到放松。故选C。答案:C4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthoragreewith?A.It’simportanttoknowthatcultureshockisnatural.B.Peoplewillsufferlessfromcultureshockinthefuture.C.Reversecultureshockusuallyhappensintheforeigncountries.D.Reversecultureshockisasdifficulttodealwithascultureshock.解析:推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Mostpeople...havealotofstressinthenewculture.”和“everyoneinanewsituationwillgothroughsomeformofcultureshock”推断,作者认为在新的文化背景下,一般人都会遇到文化冲突,所以了解到文化冲突是自然的这件事情是重要的。故选A。答案:ABIfConfucius(孔子)werestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28thbirthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.He’dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It’snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon’tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthisdoesn’tmeanthatAmericansdon’tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogrammeshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludeChineseart,historyandphilosophy(哲学).SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.Sotheoldthinker’sideasarestillaliveandwell.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.5.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.ToprovidesomekeyfactsaboutConfucius.B.Toattractthereaders’interestinthesubject.C.Toshowgreatrespectfortheancientthinker.D.Toprovethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations.解析:推理推断题。依据第一段内容可知,作者是以孔子生日这一话题,吸引读者的爱好,引出本文要探讨的真正话题。故选B。答案:B6.WhatcanwelearnaboutAmericanstudentsfromparagraph4?A.TheyhaveagreatinterestinstudyingChinese.B.TheytakeanactivepartinChinesecompetitions.C.TheytrytogethighscoresinChineseexams.D.TheyfightforchancestocometoChinatolearnChinese.解析:推理推断题。依据第四段中的“Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogrammeshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.”和“StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.”可知,美国学生对中国文化很感爱好。故选A。答案:A7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ForgottenWisdominAmericaB.ChineseCultureforWesternersC.OldThinkerwithaBigFutureD.HugeFansoftheChineseLanguage解析:主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍了孔子思想对西方的影响,以及将来可能产生的影响,由此可知C项适合做本文标题。故选C。答案:C8.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Fromabiography(传记).B.Fromahistorypaper.C.Fromanewspaper.D.Fromaphilosophytextbook.解析:推理推断题。本文主要讲解并描述了外国人对中国文化的爱好越来越浓,对孔子的思想也越来越感爱好这一社会现象,所以很有可能是新闻报道的内容。故选C。答案:CCWhenyougotsick,didyourparentsanddoctorsmakeyoudrinka“terriblesoup”?9.,butitcanreallymakeyoufeelbetterinseveraldays.The“soup”isactuallyakindoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM).

Inrecentyears,TCMhasbecomemorepopulararoundtheworld.10..Chinahas10TCMcentresabroad,suchasinFranceandtheUnitedStates.DoctorsgiveTCMtreatmenttolocalpeoplethere.TheyalsoteachTCMtolocalpeople.Now,thereareover100,000TCMclinics,withabout300,000TCMworkersaroundtheworld.

TCMcamefromChinathousandsofyearsago.ItisbasedontheChinesephilosophy(哲学)ofyinandyang.Humansshouldfollowthenaturalrulestokeephealthy.OldGreeceandEgyptcreatedWesternmedicine.11..Westerndoctorscheckpeople’sheight,weight,bloodpressureandbodytemperature.

12..“BringingtogetherWesternmedicineandTCMcanusecollectiveknowledge,ratherthancreatecompetitionbetweenthem.Itcandevelopthegreateffectsofbothofthem,”saidBernhardSchwartlander,aWorldHealthOrganizationrepresentativeinChina.

OnDec.6th,agovernmentdocumentreportedthat86countriesandregionsarenowdevelopingTCMtogetherwithChina.In2015,ChinesescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrize.13..Today,withmoreandmorepeoplepayingattentiontoTCM,itwilldefinitelyhaveabrightfuture.

A.Let’sseesomefactsandfiguresB.ItisdifficulttosaywhichoneisbetterC.ItmightbeabaddrinkingexperienceforyouD.TherearemanywomenofgreatachievementsinhistoryE.ThentheideatookshapeinEuropeinthe19thcenturyF.It’sbecauseshemadeanimportantdrugusingtraditionalChinesemedicineG.ManypeoplebelieveWesternmedicineismoreeffectivethantraditionalChinesemedicine9.解析:依据空格后“butitcanreallymakeyoufeelbetterinseveraldays.”可知,该空应是表达“虽然这种汤很难喝”,但是几天后会让你康复。C项“对你来说喝这种汤很可能是一种很糟的经验”符合题意。故选C。答案:C10.解析:依据空后的信息可知,下文是用事实和数据来证明传统中医在全世界受欢迎的程度。故A项“让我们来看一些事实和数据”符合语境。故选A。答案:A11.解析:依据本段首句“TCMcamefromChinathousandsofyearsago.”可知,前半段是介绍中医的发展历史和药效原理,下文介绍的是西医,但是缺少对西医的历史介绍,E项“西医是19世纪在欧洲形成的”符合上下文逻辑。故选E。答案:E12.解析:依据空后“把中医和西医结合起来运用,而不是相互竞争”,可反推该空表达的是这两种医学的比较,B项“很难说哪种更好”符合逻辑。故选B。答案:B13.解析:依据“...ChinesescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrize.”可知,屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖,所以下文应当讲获奖和中医的关系。F项“那是因为她用传统中医制成了一种特别重要的药物”符合上下文逻辑。故选F。答案:FReadingandThinking(2)[基础测评]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thetabletennisteamofourschoolis(admit)newplayers.

2.Ishall(definite)beattheairporttomeetyou.

3.It(occur)tohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.

4.Therearemany(history)placesinXi’an.

5.Heearnedlivingbysellingnewspapers.

6.They(select)sixwinnersfromthefinaliststomorrow.

7.Sofarnobody(claim)themoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.

8.Thereareanumberof(journal)onthedesk.

9.Localschoolsare(seek)toreducethedropoutrate.

10.Afterthegame,thefans(head)fortheexit.

答案:1.admitting2.definitely3.occurredhistorical5.a6.willselect7.hasclaimed8.journals9.seeking10.headedⅡ.依据汉语句意完成英语句子1.我们必需找寻解决问题的方法。Wemustasolutiontotheproblem.

2.据说这个工厂有些工人每周工作80个小时。someworkersinthefactoryareworking80hoursaweek.

3.我突然想到,我还没完成作业。suddenlyIhadn’tfinishedmyhomework.

4.他年轻的时候经常打篮球。Hebasketballwhenhewasyoung.

5.他承认犯了错误。Heamistake.

答案:1.seekfor2.Itisclaimedthat3.Itoccurredtomethat4.usedtoplay5.admittedhavingmadeⅢ.语法填空(2024·全国甲卷)TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It1.(build)originallytoprotectthecity2.theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).Itispossible3.(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometres.

WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metreshighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After4.(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat5.(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!

We6.(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky7.didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall8.wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatdifferentgatesand9.(watchtower)totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir10.(day)routines.

1.解析:句意:它最初是在唐代为爱护这座城市而建的,现在已经完全修复。build和句子主语之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一样。故填wasbuilt。答案:wasbuilt2.解析:表示“在某个朝代”,用介词in。故填in。答案:in3.解析:句意:可以步行或骑自行车走14千米。it为形式主语,所以用不定式短语作真正的主语。故填towalk。答案:towalk4.解析:句意:在视察了城墙上全部的防卫装备后,我们确定是时候实行行动了,还有什么比在一段历史上骑行更好的呢!空处作介词的宾语,所以用动词-ing形式。故填spending。答案:spending5.解析:空后有than,所以用比较级。故填better。答案:better6.解析:句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时。故填hired。答案:hired7.解析:句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇摆晃,但还可以骑。前后是转折关系,所以用but连接。故填but。答案:but8.解析:句意:我们围着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。alltheway一路上,为固定搭配。故填the。答案:the9.解析:句意:但是,我们在不同的大门和眺望台停下来拍照,或者只是为了看当地人进行日常生活。watchtower为可数名词,前面有different,所以用复数名词。故填watchtowers。答案:watchtowers10.解析:空处作定语修饰名词,所以用形容词。故填daily。答案:daily[提升测评]Ⅳ.阅读理解It’scommonthataJapanese-Americanbowsonthephone—butonlyinJapanese.Behavioursandmannerscanbecomesoroutinethattheyappearevenwhenthere’snoneedforthem.Thosewhoarebilingualandbiculturalknowfirst-handthathowwebehavecandependonwhatlanguagewearespeaking.Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.Thisisbecausewhenyouhaveanexperience,thelanguageyouareusingbecomesassociatedwithit.Forbilingualpeople,thismeanscertainmemoriesaremorecloselyassociatedwithonelanguagethantheother—aphenomenoncalled“language-dependentmemory”.Forexample,achildhoodmemoryismorelikelytoberememberedwhenthelanguagespokenduringthatchildhoodeventisspokenagain.Howwethinkandfeelcanthuschangedependingonwhatlanguageweareusing.Forexample,peoplewhoarebilingualhaveanintensifiedstressresponsewhenlisteningtothewordsofscoldinginanativelanguage.Thismaybe,inpart,becauseourearlymemoriesassociatedwithlearninga“bad”wordorbeingscoldedbyourparentshappenedinournativelanguage.Becauseemotionsplayakeyroleinhowwemakedecisions,peopleareoftenmoresensiblewhenmakingchoicesinthelessemotionalforeignlanguage.Whenaskedwhethertheywouldbewillingtogiveoneperson’slifetosaveagroup,peoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguagearemuchmorelikelytosay“yes”whenansweringinaforeignlanguage.Theunpleasantfeelingsthatcanpreventusfrommakingdifficultchoicesarereducedwhenwe’reusinganon-nativelanguage.Thelanguagewespeakhasaninfluenceonhowwethink,feel,andevenbehave.Inaway,knowingdifferentlanguagescanprovidepeoplewithavarietyofviewsthroughwhichtoseetheworld.1.WhyistheexampleofJapanese-Americanmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheinfluenceofcultureishuge.B.ToshowbowingisJapanesepeople’sroutine.C.ToshowJapanesepeoplearepoliteonthephone.D.Toshowone’suseoflanguageaffectsone’sbehaviour.解析:推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Thosewhoarebilingualandbiculturalknowfirst-handthathowwebehavecandependonwhatlanguagewearespeaking.Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.”可知,那些说两种语言和有着双文化背景的人知道我们的行为取决于我们说的是什么语言。专家指出,你当时的身份取决于你当时运用的语言。由此可知,第一段提到日裔美国人用日语打电话时会鞠躬是为了表明一个人运用的语言会影响他的行为。故选D。答案:D2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensified”inparagraph3mean?A.Worse.B.Better.C.Increased. D.Limited.解析:词义揣测题。依据画线词后的“Thismaybe,inpart,becauseourearlymemoriesassociatedwithlearninga’bad’wordorbeingscoldedbyourparentshappenedinournativelanguage.”可知,在某种程度上,这可能是因为在我们早期的记忆里,学脏话或被父母责骂都是用母语进行的。因此,此处是说会说两种语言的人在听到用母语说脏话时,压力反应会增加。由此可知,画线词的意思是“增加的”。故选C。答案:C3.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YouAreActuallyWhatYouAreSpeakingB.NativeLanguagesMakePeopleSpeakMoreC.DifferentLanguagesHaveDifferentInfluencesD.SpeakYourNativeLanguageinOtherCountries解析:标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是依据第一段中的“Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.”可知,专家指出,你当时的身份取决于你当时运用的语言。由此可知,本文主要介绍的是你运用的语言确定了你的身份,所以这篇文章最好的题目是“语言确定你的身份”。故选A。答案:AⅤ.完形填空IarrivedintheUnitedStatesonFebruary6th,2016,butIremembermyfirstdayhereveryclearly.MyfriendwaswaitingformewhenmyplanelandedatKennedyInternationalAirportatthreeo’clockintheafternoon.Theweatherwasvery1anditwassnowing,butIwastooexcitedtomind.Fromtheairport,myfriendandItookataxitomy2.Ontheway,IsawtheskylineofManhattanforthefirsttimeandIlookedinastonishmentatthefamousskyscrapers(摩天大楼)andtheirman-made3.Myfriendhelpedmeunpackatthehotelandthenleftbecausehehadtogobacktowork.Hepromisedtoreturnthenextday.

4myfriendhadleft,Iwenttoarestaurantnearthehoteltogetsomethingtoeat.BecauseIcouldn’tspeakasingle5ofEnglish,Icouldn’ttellthewaiterwhatIwanted.Iwasveryupsetandstartedtomakesome6,butthewaiterdidn’t7me.Finally,Iorderedthesamethingthemanatthenexttablewaseating.Afterdinner,IstartedtowalkalongBroadway8IcametoTimesSquarewithitscinemas,theatres,neonlights,andhugecrowdsofpeople.Ididnotfeeltired,soI9towalkaroundthecity.Iwantedtosee10onmyfirstday.Iknewitwas11,butIwantedtotry.

WhenIreturnedtothehotel,Iwas12,butIcouldn’t13becauseIkepthearingthefireandpolicesirens(警笛)duringthenight.Ilay14andthoughtaboutNewYork.Itwasaverybigandinterestingcitywithmanytallbuildingsandbigcars,andfullof15andbusypeople.IalsodecidedrightthenthatIhad