内蒙古科尔沁左翼中旗实验高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末 英语试题（含解析）

科左中旗民族职专·实验高中2023-2024第二学期期末考试高一年级英语试题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAsthelargestpartoftheUnitedKingdom,Englandishometomanygreatplacestovisit.Thefollowingdestinationsaresomeofthebest.LondonOfcourse,mostvisitorstoEnglandwillarriveinLondon.It’shometoalonglistoffamoussightsaswellasbeautifulgreenspaces.Italsohousessomeofthebestmuseumsontheplanet,manyofwhicharefree.SeethecityfromabovebyridingtheLondonEyeorrunintofamouspeopleatMadameTussauds(杜莎夫人蜡像馆).LiverpoolLiverpooliswellknownastheplacethatstartedtheBeatles,thoughyou’llfindalotmoretodotherethanvisittheBeatlesMuseum.Spendtimeinthepubschattingwiththelocals,goshoppingatLiverpoolOneandenjoythebeaches.BathSomepeoplesayBathisEngland’smostbeautifulsmallcity,namedforitsnaturalhotspringsthatservedasancientRomanbaths(浴缸)2,000yearsago.And,today,it’stheonlyplaceintheUnitedKingdomwhereyoucanbatheinnaturallyhot,mineral-richwatersjustastheRomansdidlongago.DoverDover,locatedinWhiteCliffsCountry,offersarichhistoryaswellaspeacefulcountrysideandabreathtakingcoastline.Thisareahassomeuniqueplacesinhistory.Youcouldeasilyspendweeksexperiencingthisarea’scastles,likeDoverCastleaswellastheSecretWarTimeTunnels,whichoncewasanundergroundhospital.1．WhatcanvisitorsdoinLondon?A．Experienceancientcastles. B．EnjoytheBeatles’concerts.C．VisitMadameTussauds. D．Takeawalkonthebeaches.2．Whichplaceiswellknownfornaturalhotsprings?A．London. B．Bath. C．Liverpool. D．Dover.3．WhatcanweknowabouttheSecretWarTimeTunnels?A．ItisinLiverpool. B．Ithasahistoryof2,000years.C．Itusedtobeanundergroundhospital. D．ItlookslikeDoverCastle.BMostChinesepeoplethesedaysknowwhatitisliketohavean“Englishteacher”,sincealmostallpupilsstudyEnglishfromtheirthirdyear.UsuallythatfirstEnglishteacherwillbeayoungandlovelyladyinprimaryschool.ButmyfirstEnglishteacherisnoneotherthanmyfather.Lookingback,Icanseethat,whenIwasonlyalittlegirl,hecreatedanEnglishenvironmentbyprovidingmewithflashcards,funEnglish-languagetoysandevendollswhichcansingEnglishsongs!MyinterestinEnglishhadcertainlybeenawakenedwhenIbegantolearnEnglishatschool.Justimagine,hewentastepfurtherandaskedmetolearnNewConceptEnglishbymyself!Iwasconfusedandevenangry.Icouldnotunderstandwhyafathercouldbesostrictwithhislittlegirl.Allthesame,henevergaveupandhegentlyinsistedthatIfollowhisideas.Atfirst,IreadstorieswithtearsinmyeyesandIactuallyhatedthembecausetheyweretoodifficultforme.Intheend,Icametolovethefunnystoriesand,tobehonest,myfatherwasalwaystherewithahelpinghand.IamsurethatmyEnglishwouldneverhavegotsofarwithouthissupport.Andthat’swhymyfatherisnotonlymyfirstEnglishteacherbutalsomylifelongteacher.Heistheonewhoawokemyinterest,whogavemeconfidenceandwhoofferedmemuchneededhelp.4．MostpupilsinChinabegintolearnEnglish________.A．inprimaryschool B．fromparents C．atthreeyearsold D．athome5．Fromthewholepassagewecanseethat________.A．thegirlpreferredplayingtolearningEnglishB．thegirlhatedherfatherbecausehewasstrictC．thegirlwasverythankfultoherfatherD．thefathergaveupafterknowinghisdaughtercouldnotunderstandhim6．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thegirl’sfatherisherfirstEnglishteacher.B．ThegirlhadbeeninterestedinEnglishbeforegoingtoschool.C．Thegirl’sfatherwasalwaysreadytohelpherwithherEnglish.D．ThegirlcouldhavelearnedEnglishwellbyherselfwithoutherfather.7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowIlearnedEnglishatschool B．Myfather—mylifelongEnglishteacherC．Therelationshipbetweenmyfatherandme D．I’vemadeprogressinEnglishlearningCSpendingtimeoutdoorshaslongbeenlinked(联系)tobetterhealth.Gardeninggoesbeyondjustbeautifyingoutdoorspaces—itcanhaveadeepeffectonourphysicalandmental(身心上的)health.Gardeninginvolvesphysicalactivitythatworksallthemainmuscle(肌肉)groups,whichishelpfulforoverallhealth.“Activitiessuchasdigging,planting,weedingandharvestingrequiremovementandcanhelptoimprovestrength,”saidClayton,CEOofanonlinelawncarecompany.“Performingtheseactivitiesregularlycanhelpburncalories,andkeepahealthyweight.”Beyondburningcaloriesandbuildingmuscle,lotsofstudieshaveshownthatgardeningcanimprovetheimmunesystem(免疫系统).TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)recommendsthatpeoplegetatleast150minutesofexerciseeachweek,andgardeningislistedasasuitableactivity.Doinggardenworkforthattimeeachweekcanreducetheriskofobesity,highbloodpressureandheartdisease.Additionally,spendingtimeoutdoorsmakesusgetclosetonaturalsunlight,whichisimportantforvitaminDsynth.Gardeningprovidesachanceforsocialconnection,too.Itcanbeasharedactivityamongfamilymembers,friendsorneighbors,buildingrelationshipsandasenseofbelonging.Gardeningalsoofferscognitive(认知的)benefits.Itexcitesthesenses,improvesfocusandencouragesproblem-solvingandcreativity.Itprovidesachancetolearnaboutplants,ecosystemsandtheenvironment,developingadeeperunderstandingandappreciationfornature.8．WhatisClayton’sattitudetowardsgardening?A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear D．Uncaring.9．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutgardening?A．Itimprovesfocus. B．Itisawasteoftime.C．Itcankeepabodyinshape. D．Ithelpstoreducetheriskofdiseases.10．Howdoesgardeningaffectsocialconnectionaccordingtothetext?A．Itcontributestocreativity. B．Itencouragesproblem-solving.C．Itbuildsrelationshipsbetweenpeople. D．Itimprovespeople’sawarenessofsafety.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtoStartaGarden B．ChooseaGardenorNotC．WhatPlantsGrowBestinaGarden D．StartGardeningandGettheHealthBenefitsDToday’sgrandparentsarejoiningtheirgrandchildrenonsocialmedia(社交媒体).Peoplewhoareover55arejoiningFacebookinincreasingnumbers,whichmeansthattheywillsoonbethesite’ssecondbiggestusergroup—with3.5millionusersaged55－64and2.9millionagedover65.Surprisingly,44%ofgrandparentssaytheyhave“excellent”skillsinusingsocialmedia.Sheila,67,ofSwansea,Mass.wouldputherselfinthisgroup.“IjoinedFacebooktoseewhatmygrandchildrenaredoing,asmydaughterpostsvideosandphotosofthem.Ialsoshowoffmygardenwhenit’sinbloom(开花)orhowhappymyhusbandandIarewhenwegoforapicnictomyfamilymembers.Withoutsocialmedia,Idon’tthinkwewouldhavethesamerelationship,”saysSheila.Teenagersarespendingsomuchtimeontheirphonesathomethattheyignoretheirfriendsinreallife.However,theelderlymaynotdothesame.Forexample,Sheilahasgotintouchwitholdfriendsfromschoolwhomshehasn’theardfrominthepastfortyyears.“WeuseFacebooktodiscusswhenandwheretomeet,”shesays.“It’schangedmylifecompletely.”Teenagersmighthavetheirparentstothankfortheirsmartphoneandsocialmediaaddictionastheirparentsweretheearlyusersofthesmartphone.Peter,38andfatheroftwoteenagers,reportsthatheusedtobeonhisphoneorpersonalcomputerendlessly.Hesays,“HowcouldItellmykidstogetofftheirphonesifIwasalwaysinfrontofascreenmyself?”So,intheeveningsandatweekends,hetakeshisSIMcardoutofhissmartphoneandputsitintoanold－stylemobilephonethatcanonlymakecallsandsendtextmessages.12．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphshow?A．Moreandmoreoldpeopleareusingsocialmedia.B．Grandparentsbecomefamousonsocialmedia.C．Kidsteachtheirgrandparentstosurfonline.D．Facebookmanagestoincreaseitsusers.13．WhatcanwelearnaboutSheila?A．Shelivesfarawayfromhergrandchildren.B．Shepersuadedherfriendstousesocialmedia.C．Shegetsclosertoherfamilybecauseofsocialmedia.D．Sheenjoyssharinghergrandchildren’slifeonline.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignore”inParagraph3mean?A．Lookafter. B．Learnfrom.C．Makeroomfor. D．Paynoattentionto.15．WhydoesPeterusehisold－stylemobilephoneintheeveningsandatweekends?A．Tomakecallsandsendtextmessages.B．Tosetagoodexampletohischildren.C．Tostopworkingwhenathome.D．Toremembertheolddays.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.MajorSnow,the21stsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonDec7andendsonDec21.16HereareseveralthingsyoushouldknowaboutMajorSnow.SnowywinterThesowinNorthChinamaylastawholeday,breakingtreebranchesandblockingthe.Snowflakesfallandtheworldturnswhite.17Thatiswhyanoldsayinggoeslikethis,“Atimelysnowpromisesagoodharvest”.AppreciatingplumblossomsPlumblossomsusuallyflowerinmid-to-lateDecemberinsomesoutherncitiesofChina,andsometimesbloomevenearlier.18Alongwiththepine(松木)andbamboo,theplumblossomisconsideredoneoftheThreeFriendsofWinter.EatinglambLambisafavoritefoodforChinesepeopleduringMajorSnow.It’sexcellentfornourishing(滋养)thebodyandprovidingprotectionagainstthecold.PeopleinChongqingliketohavepottedlambsoupwiththeirfamiliesandfriends.19Thoughcookedindifferentways,lambremainsthemaindishonthisday.20DuringMajorSnow,Chinesepeoplewatchforoutbreaksofillness,whichcanbepreventedbywearingascarftoprotecttheneckandproperlydrinkingwater.Whenitisgettingdrierandcolder,peopleshoulddrinkmorewater;butdonotdrinktoomuchatonceordrinkcoldwaterafterexercise.A．Drinkingwater.B．Preventingillness.C．ItisvaluedinChinesecultureforitscharacterduringcoldwinters.D．Asthesnowcoverstheground,thelowwintertemperaturekillspestsE．Duringtheperiod,thesnowbecomesheavyandthetemperaturedropssignificantly.F．Inaddition,easternresidentswouldprepareitwithvegetablestomakeitmorenutritious.G．Buteventoday,Chinesepeoplearelikelytorefertothesolartermswhenguidanceisneeded.第二部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分80分)第一节(共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Earthquakesarecommon;thousandsofthemhappeneachday.Butmostaretoo21tofeel.Duringabigearthquake,thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst.Thentheearth22terriblyandmanyhousesfalldown.Railwaytracksbreakandtrainsgo23lines;agreatmanyfactoriesare24;thousandsofdeathsarecaused,andmanymorelosehomes.25thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake26,otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften27.Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmoredeathscaused.Manknowsthe28ofapossibleearthquake,andforcenturiesmanhasbeenmakingresearchesonearthquakes.Morethan2,000yearsago,29,aChinesescientistnamedZhangHeng,30amachinewhichcouldfindoutfromwhichdirectiontheseismicwaveshadcome,andthismachineisstill31byscientiststoday.Nowweknowmuchmoreaboutearthquakesand32theyhappen,butwestillcannot33exactlywhenandwhereanearthquakewillhappen,andcannotpreventitfromhappening.Soearthquakesareamongthe34disastersintheworld.Noonecanstopnaturalearthquakes.35,scientistscanhelpstopearthquakesdestroyingwholecitiesandcausingtoomanydeaths.

21．A．extreme B．weak C．frightening D．frequent22．A．moves B．shakes C．jumps D．breaks23．A．off B．on C．into D．behind24．A．burst B．struck C．destroyed D．buried25．A．Except B．Besides C．Insteadof D．Becauseof26．A．lonely B．later C．themselves D．itself27．A．follow B．copy C．come D．enter28．A．answers B．questions C．dangers D．frights29．A．asaresult B．infact C．forexample D．aswell30．A．invented B．discovered C．found D．bought31．A．improved B．repaired C．protected D．used32．A．where B．when C．what D．why33．A．persuade B．tell C．express D．point34．A．worst B．best C．most D．fastest35．A．However B．But C．And D．So第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。QiBaishiisaworld-famousartmasterinChina.Hewasbornin36poorfamilyfromXiangtan,Hunanprovince.Hewasatschoolforlessthanayearbecause37illnesses.Oneday,hefoundaChinesepaintingguidebook—JieziyuanHuapu.Thebookinspiredhisinterestsinpainting38(picture).Hedecided39(learn)byhimselfandlaterbecameamasterofartthroughhishardwork.In1902,he40(start)totravelaroundChina.Hevisitedfamousplaces,metmanypeopleandsawdifferentkindsofartpieces.Theseexperienceshelpedhimbecomeoneofthe41(good)artistsofalltime.42(He)paintingsaregenerallyaboutthesmallthingsoftheworld,suchasfish,shrimps(虾)andfrogs.“MouseandCatwithLamp”isoneofthem.Inthepicture,amouseisstandingonthetopofalongpole(杆子).Underthepoleisacat.Theyaresolively43itlooksliketheywouldjumpoutofthepapertofight.Alltheworks44(create)byQiBaishiinafreshway,whichexpressedhislovefornatureandlife.Histalentsandskillsamazedthewholeworldalot.Heis45(real)amasterofartandtheprideofXiangtan.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46．假定你是李华，从互联网上得知某国外野生动物保护组织正在招募志愿者，你希望成为其中一员，请写一封电子邮件申请加入。内容主要包括：1.自我介绍；2.申请条件（性格爱好英语能力等）；3.参加意图（宣传保护动物的重要性）；4.希望获准。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSir/Madam,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。Lost&FoundEmilywasverysadbecauseherlittlesisterdrewpicturesonherscienceproject.Thiswasnotthefirsttimethathersisterhadruinedherschoolwork.So,Emilyrequestedherparentstobuyherastudytablewithdrawers(抽屉)whereshecouldsafelykeepherbooks.Emily’sparentscouldnotaffordtobuyanewtable.However,theyagreedtobuyherasecond-handtable.Onedayafterschool,Emily’smothertookhertothesecond-handstoresothatshecouldbuythetableofherchoice.Byaccident,sheopenedadrawerinanoldblacktable.And,guesswhat?Asmallplasticbagwithsomedollarbills!“MaybeIhavefoundsomebody’ssecretbag.AmItheluckiesttwelve-year-old?Mybirthdayiscomingupsoon.Withthismoney,Icanbuymyselfgreatpresents.AndmaybeIcanevenbuythingsformyfamily.”Emilythought.Shestaredatitwithgreedy(贪婪的)eyesandquicklypushedthebagtotheendofthedrawer.Shetoldhermothershewantedthatblacktableandlateritwasorganizedinherroom.Wheneverybodyleft,shelockedtheroom,quicklyopenedthedrawerandtooktheplasticbagwithdollarsout.Therewasanoteinthemoneybag.Itseemedthatsomeoldladywassavingthemoneyforherchildrenandgrandchildren.Shecouldhearherheartbeatlouderandlouderwhenfinallyshecountedtwelvethousanddollars.Butnow,withthemoneyshehad,shethoughtthatshewouldhavetomakeupmanyliestospendit.Shewouldhavetohidethemoneyallthetime.Shethought,“Thismoneyisnotmeantforme.”Shehadfelttheworstfearofgettingcaughtfromthemomentshethoughtofstealing.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Finally,shecalledherparentsintoherroom.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thestoreownerwasquitesurprisedonhearingthestory.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1．C2．B3．C【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了英格兰一些值得参观的几个景点。1．细节理解题。根据London中“SeethecityfromabovebyridingtheLondonEyeorrunintofamouspeopleatMadameTussauds(杜莎夫人蜡像馆).(乘坐伦敦眼俯瞰伦敦，或在杜莎夫人蜡像馆偶遇名人)”可知，在伦敦可以参观杜莎夫人蜡像馆。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据Bath中“SomepeoplesayBathisEngland’smostbeautifulsmallcity,namedforitsnaturalhotspringsthatservedasancientRomanbaths(浴缸)2,000yearsago.(有人说巴斯是英国最美丽的小城市，因其天然的温泉而得名，这些温泉在2000年前曾是古罗马人的浴场)”可知，巴斯以天然的温泉而出名。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据Dover中“Youcouldeasilyspendweeksexperiencingthisarea’scastles,likeDoverCastleaswellastheSecretWarTimeTunnels,whichoncewasanundergroundhospital.(你可以轻松地花上几周时间体验这个地区的城堡，比如多佛城堡和秘密战争时间隧道，这里曾经是一个地下医院)”可知，秘密战争时间隧道以前是一家地下医院。故选C。4．A5．C6．D7．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自己的第一位英语老师也就是自己的父亲对自己在英语学习方面的指导和帮助。4．细节理解题。根据第一句“MostChinesepeoplethesedaysknowwhatitisliketohavean“Englishteacher”,sincealmostallpupilsstudyEnglishfromtheirthirdyear.(如今，大多数中国人都知道有个“英语老师”是什么感觉，因为几乎所有的小学生都从三年级开始学习英语)”可知，在中国大多数学生在小学三年级时开始学习英语。故选A。5．推理判断题。根据文中“IamsurethatmyEnglishwouldneverhavegotsofarwithouthissupport.Andthat’swhymyfatherisnotonlymyfirstEnglishteacherbutalsomylifelongteacher.Heistheonewhoawokemyinterest,whogavemeconfidenceandwhoofferedmemuchneededhelp.(我相信，如果没有他的支持，我的英语不可能取得今天的成绩。这就是为什么我的父亲不仅是我的第一个英语老师，而且是我一生的老师。是他唤醒了我的兴趣，给了我信心，给了我很多需要的帮助)”可知，作者很感激自己的父亲。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据“IamsurethatmyEnglishwouldneverhavegotsofarwithouthissupport.(我相信，如果没有他的支持，我的英语不可能取得今天的成绩)”可知，D项“没有她父亲，小女孩的英语自己能够学得很好”这种观点是错误的。故选D。7．主旨大意题。根据最后两句“Andthat’swhymyfatherisnotonlymyfirstEnglishteacherbutalsomylifelongteacher.Heistheonewhoawokemyinterest,whogavemeconfidenceandwhoofferedmemuchneededhelp.(这就是为什么我的父亲不仅是我的第一个英语老师，而且是我一生的老师。是他唤醒了我的兴趣，给了我信心，给了我很多需要的帮助)”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者的第一位英语老师——父亲，对自己在英语学习方面的指导和帮助。故B项“我的父亲——我一生的英语老师”作为题目最能体现文章的中心和主题。故选B。8．A9．D10．C11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述园艺活动有利于身体健康并分析了原因。8．推理判断题。根据第二段““Activitiessuchasdigging,planting,weedingandharvestingrequiremovementandcanhelptoimprovestrength,”saidClayton,CEOofanonlinelawncarecompany.“Performingtheseactivitiesregularlycanhelpburncalories,andkeepahealthyweight.”(“像挖土，种植和收割这样的活动需要运动并能帮助我们改善体力”Clayton，一家网上草坪护理公司的CEO说，“经常进行这些活动可以帮助燃烧卡路里，保持一个健康的体重”)”可知，Clayton对园艺活动持支持的态度。故选A。9．主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“Beyondburningcaloriesandbuildingmuscle,lotsofstudieshaveshownthatgardeningcanimprovetheimmunesystem(除了燃烧卡路里和锻炼肌肉，很多研究表明园艺看改善免疫系统)”以及第三句“Doinggardenworkforthattimeeachweekcanreducetheriskofobesity,highbloodpressureandheartdisease.(每周做150分钟的园艺工作能够减少患肥胖，高血压以及心脏病的风险)”可知，本段主要讲园艺活动有助于降低患病的风险。故选D。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Gardeningprovidesachanceforsocialconnection,too.Itcanbeasharedactivityamongfamilymembers,friendsorneighbors,buildingrelationshipsandasenseofbelonging.(园艺也为社会联系提供了机会。它可以是家庭成员，朋友或邻居之间的共同活动，从而建立关系和归属感)”可知，园艺活动对社交的影响是它可以建立人们间的关系。故选C。health.Gardeningpendingtimeoutdoorshaslongbeenlinked(联系)tobetterhealth.Gardeninggoesbeyondjustbeautifyingoutdoorspaces—itcanhaveadeepeffectonourphysicalandmental(身心上的)health.(长期以来，人们一直认为户外活动有利于身体健康。园艺不仅仅是美化室外空间——它还对我们的身心健康产生很深的影响)”可知，文章主要讲述进行园艺活动有利于身心健康，所以文章的标题“开始园艺，并获得健康的好处”。故选D。12．A13．C14．D15．B【导语】本文是说明文。简要介绍了不同年龄段的人使用网络的不同习惯。12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Today’sgrandparentsarejoiningtheirgrandchildrenonsocialmedia(社交媒体).Peoplewhoareover55arejoiningFacebookinincreasingnumbers,whichmeansthattheywillsoonbethesite’ssecondbiggestusergroup—with3.5millionusersaged55－64and2.9millionagedover65.(今天的祖父母和他们的孙子孙女一起在社交媒体上。55岁以上的人加入Facebook的人数越来越多，这意味着他们很快将成为该网站的第二大用户群体——有3500万用户，年龄分别为55-64岁和2900万65岁以上的老人。)”可知，越来越多的老年人开始使用社交媒体。故选A。13．推理判断题。根据第二段““IjoinedFacebooktoseewhatmygrandchildrenaredoing,asmydaughterpostsvideosandphotosofthem.Ialsoshowoffmygardenwhenit’sinbloom(开花)orhowhappymyhusbandandIarewhenwegoforapicnictomyfamilymembers.Withoutsocialmedia,Idon’tthinkwewouldhavethesamerelationship,”saysSheila.(Sheila说：“我加入Facebook是为了看看我的孙子们在做什么，我的女儿会发布他们的视频和照片。当花园盛开时，我也会向家人炫耀我的花园，或者当我们去野餐时，我和丈夫是多么的幸福。如果没有社交媒体，我想我们不会有同样的关系。”)”可知，Sheila认为通过使用社交媒体，她和家人的距离更近了。故选C。14．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Teenagersarespendingsomuchtimeontheirphonesathomethattheyignoretheirfriendsinreallife.However,theelderlymaynotdothesame.Forexample,Sheilahasgotintouchwitholdfriendsfromschoolwhomshehasn’theardfrominthepastfortyyears.“WeuseFacebooktodiscusswhenandwheretomeet,”shesays.“It’schangedmylifecompletely.”(青少年在家里花太多时间在手机上，以至于他们ignore现实生活中的朋友。然而，老年人可能不会这么做。例如，Sheila与学校里的老朋友取得了联系，他们在过去四十年里没有音信。她说：“我们用脸书讨论何时何地见面。它彻底改变了我的生活。”)”可知，这一段通过对比介绍青少年和老年人用手机出现了正好相反的情况，老年人用手机和更多的老朋友取得联系，而青少年应该是减少甚至没有了和朋友的联系，所以ignore的意思应该是“忽视”，和选项D意思一致。故选D。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Peter,38andfatheroftwoteenagers,reportsthatheusedtobeonhisphoneorpersonalcomputerendlessly.Hesays,“HowcouldItellmykidstogetofftheirphonesifIwasalwaysinfrontofascreenmyself?”So,intheeveningsandatweekends,hetakeshisSIMcardoutofhissmartphoneandputsitintoanold－stylemobilephonethatcanonlymakecallsandsendtextmessages.(38岁的彼得是两个十几岁孩子的父亲，他报告说，他过去常常无休止地打电话或使用个人电脑。他说：“如果我自己总是在屏幕前，我怎么能告诉我的孩子们关掉手机呢？”所以，在晚上和周末，他从智能手机里拿出SIM卡，放进一部只能打电话和发短信的老式手机里。)”可知，Peter在晚上和周末使用老式手机是为了给孩子树立榜样，避免孩子们沉迷于手机。故选B。16．E17．D18．C19．F20．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国传统节气“大雪”期间，人们应该注意的五件事情。16．由下文中标题“Snowywinter”以及“ThesowninNorthChinamaylastawholeday,breakingtreebranchesandblockingthe.(中国北方的雪可能会持续一整天，折断树枝，堵塞道路)”可知，在南方，雪花飘落，世界变白，大雪这个节气是多雪的，推知气温会下降，故E选项“在此期间，雪变大，气温明显下降。”符合语境，故选E。17．根据后文“Thatiswhyanoldsayinggoeslikethis,“Atimelysnowpromisesagoodharvest”.(这就是为什么有句老话说：“瑞雪兆丰年”)”可知，本句是在解释后文“瑞雪兆丰年”这句话的原因。故D选项“由于积雪覆盖地面，冬季的低温杀死了害虫”符合语境，故选D。18．根据上文“Plumblossomsusuallyflowerinmid-to-lateDecemberinsomesoutherncitiesofChina,andsometimesbloomevenearlier.(在中国南方的一些城市，梅花通常在12月中下旬开花，有时甚至更早)”以及后文“Alongwiththepine(松木)andbamboo,theplumblossomisconsideredoneoftheThreeFriendsofWinter.(梅花与松竹并称为“岁寒三友”)”可知，本句主要说明梅花在中国文化中的地位，故C选项“它在中国文化中因其在寒冷冬季的特点而受到重视”符合语境，故选C。19．根据上文“PeopleinChongqingliketohavepottedlambsoupwiththeirfamiliesandfriends.(重庆人喜欢和家人朋友一起喝炖羊肉汤)”以及后文“Thoughcookedindifferentways,lambremainsthemaindishonthisday.(尽管烹饪方法不同，羊肉仍然是这一天的主菜)”可知，本句主要是在说明羊肉的不同烹饪方法。故F选项“此外，东部居民会把它和蔬菜一起做，使它更有营养”符合语境，故选F。20．根据本段内容“DuringMajorSnow,Chinesepeoplewatchforoutbreaksofillness,whichcanbepreventedbywearingascarftoprotecttheneckandproperlydrinkingwater.Whenitisgettingdrierandcolder,peopleshoulddrinkmorewater;butdonotdrinktoomuchatonceordrinkcoldwaterafterexercise.(大雪期间，中国人会注意疾病的爆发，可以通过戴围巾保护脖子和适当喝水来预防疾病。当天气变干变冷时，人们应该多喝水；但不要一次喝太多，也不要在运动后喝凉水)”可知，本段的主旨是大雪期间需要预防疾病。故B选项“预防疾病”符合语境，故选B。21．B22．B23．A24．C25．B26．D27．A28．C29．C30．A31．D32．D33．B34．A35．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地震是常见的，会给人们带来很大的灾难。现在人类已经了解许多关于地震发生的原因，但仍然不知道究竟在何时何地会发生地震，并不能阻止这一切的发生。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大多数地震都太弱了，感觉不到。A.extreme极端的；B.weak弱的；C.frightening令人害怕的；D.frequent频繁的。根据上文“Earthquakesarecommon;thousandsofthemhappeneachday.Butmostaretoo”以及语境可知，此处表示虽然地震很常见，但大多数地震都震感弱，以至于感觉不到。故选B项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，大地剧烈地晃动，许多房子倒了。A.moves移动；B.shakes晃动；C.jumps跳；D.breaks破坏。根据下文“terriblyandmanyhousesfalldown.”以及常识可知，发生地震时，地面会晃动。故选B项。23．考查介词词义辨析。句意：铁轨断裂，火车偏离轨道；许多工厂被摧毁；造成数千人死亡，更多的人失去家园。A.off偏离；B.on在……上；C.into进入……里面；D.behind在……后面。根据上文“Railwaytracksbreakandtrainsgo”可知，此处表示铁轨断裂，火车偏离轨道。故选A项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：铁轨断裂，火车偏离轨道；许多工厂被摧毁；造成数千人死亡，更多的人失去家园。A.burst爆发；B.struck袭击；C.destroyed摧毁；D.buried掩埋。根据上文“Railwaytracksbreakandtrainsgo

___3___

lines;agreatmanyfactoriesare”可知，本句讲述地震造成的破坏，许多工厂被摧毁。故选C项。25．考查介词词义和介词短语辨析。句意：除了地震本身造成的巨大损失和死亡之外，诸如火灾等其他灾难也经常随之而来。A.Except除了；B.Besides除了……还；C.Insteadof代替；D.Becauseof因为。根据下文“thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake

___6___,otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften

___7___.”可知，此处表示除了地震本身造成的损失和死亡之外，还会引起别的灾难。故选B项。26．考查形容词、副词和反身代词词义辨析。句意：除了地震本身造成的巨大损失和死亡之外，诸如火灾等其他灾难也经常随之而来。A.lonely孤独的；B.later后来；C.themselves他（它）们自己；D.itself它自己。根据上文“___5___

thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake”以及下文“otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften

___7___.”可知，此处强调地震本身造成的破坏，空处应用itself表示“它自己”。故选D项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了地震本身造成的巨大损失和死亡之外，诸如火灾等其他灾难也经常随之而来。A.follow跟随；B.copy模仿；C.come来；D.enter进入。根据上文“___5___

thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake

___6___,otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften”以及下文“Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmoredeathscaused.”可知，地震不仅本身会带来巨大的破坏和死亡，也会引起其他灾害伴随而来。故选A项。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类知道可能发生地震的危险，几个世纪以来，人类一直在研究地震。A.answers回答；B.questions问题；C.dangers危险；D.frights害怕。根据上文“___5___

thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake

___6___,otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften

___7___.Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmoredeathscaused.”可知，此处表示可能发生地震的危险。故选C项。29．考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，2000多年前，一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器，可以找出地震波是从哪个方向来的，这台机器至今仍在被科学家们使用。A.asaresult结果；B.infact事实上；C.forexample例如；D.aswell也。根据上文“andforcenturiesmanhasbeenmakingresearchesonearthquakes.”以及语境可知，此处举例说明人们一直在研究地震，空处应用forexample，表示“例如”。故选C项。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，2000多年前，一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器，可以找出地震波是从哪个方向来的，这台机器至今仍在被科学家们使用。A.invented发明；B.discovered发现；C.found发现；D.bought买。根据下文“amachinewhichcouldfindoutfromwhichdirectiontheseismicwaveshadcome,”以及语境可知，这种机器之前不存在，是张衡发明的。故选A项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，2000多年前，一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器，可以找出地震波是从哪个方向来的，这台机器至今仍在被科学家们使用。A.improved提高；B.repaired修理；C.protected保护；D.used使用。根据下文“byscientiststoday.”以及语境可知，此处表示现在科学家仍然在使用张衡发明的机器。故选D项。32．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：现在我们对地震和地震发生的原因有了更多的了解，但是我们仍然不能准确地说