英美文学讲练 English Literature EXERCISES

ChapterIAnIntroductiontoOldandMedievalEnglishLiterature&The

RenaissancePeriod

I.Choosetherightanswer:

1.Dr.Faustusisaplaybasedonthe_Germenylegendofamagicianaspiring

for_knowlege___andfinallymeetinghistragicendasaresultofsellinghissoul

totheDevil.

A.British/immoralityB.French/moneyC.German/knowledgeD.American/political

power

Answer:C（可参考课本P21）

2._Beowulf,isatypicalexampleofOldEnglishpoetry,isregardedtodayas

thenationalepicoftheAnglo-Saxons.

A.TheWife'sComplaintB.BeowulfC.TheDreamoftheRoodD.TheSeafarer

Answer:B（可参考课本Pl）

3.It'sChauceralonewho,fordiefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,presentedtousa

comprehensiverealisticpictureoftheEnglishSocietyinhismasterpiece_The

CanterburyTales.

A.TheCanterburyTalesB.TheLegendofGoodWomenC.TroilusandCriseydeD.

TheRomauntoftheRose.

Answer:A（可参考课本P4）

4.TheEssenceofRenaissance,themostsignificantintellectualmovement,

was_humanism.

A.GeographicalexplorationB.ReligiousreformationC.Publishingand

translationD.Humanism.

Answer:D(可参考课本P8)

5.“PrinceArthur'sgreatestmissionishissearchforGloriana,withwhomhehas

falleninlovethroughalovevision."Thetwofigurescomefrom_Thefarie

Queen.

A.ParadiseLostB.Dr.FaustusC.TheFaerieQueeneD.Hamlet

Answer:C(可参考课本P13)

A6.In“Sonnet18",Shakespeare.

A.Meditateonthedestructivepoweroftimeandeternalbeautybypoetry.

B.Satirizehuman'svanity.C.Predicttheeternityoflove.D.Eulogizethepowerof

thebeauty.

Answer:A(P37)

C7.gavenewvigortotheblankversewithhis“mightylines”and

make5blankverse5theprinciplevehicleofexpressionindrama.

A.SurreyB.WyattC.MarloweD.Sidney

Answer:C(P21)

C8.Shakespeare'sgreatesttragediesarethefollowingworksexcept.

A.HamletB.KingLearC.RomeoandJulietD.Othello

Answer:C(P33)

B9.TheRenaissancereferstobetween14th——mid-17thcentury,whichwasunder

thereignofQueenandabsolutemonarchyinEnglandreacheditssummit,and

inwhichthe5realmainstream(真正的文学主流)'was.

A.Victoria/poetryB.Elizabeth/dramaC.Mary/novelD.James/drama

Answer:B(Pll)

BIO.InTheLegendofGoodWomen,ChaucerusedforthefirsttimeinEnglish

therhymedcoupletofiambicpentameter,whichistobecalledlater.

A.TheSpenserianstanzaB.TheheroiccoupletC.TheblankverseD.Thefreeverse

Answer:B(P5)

Bll.TheRedcrosseKnightin“TheFaerieQueene^^standsfor,andUna

standsfor.

A.bravery/chastityB.holiness/truthC.error/deliveryD.truegentleman/lady.

Answer:B(Pl6)

D12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTregardedasoneofthecharacteristicsof

Renaissance?

A.RediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekculture.

B.AttempttoremovetheoldfeudalistideasinMedievalEurope.

C.Exaltationofman'spursuitofhappinessinhislife,andtoleranceofman's

foibles.

D.Praiseofman'seffortsinsouldeliveryandpersonalsalvation.

Answer:D(P7)

A13.“Theslingsandarrowsofoutrageousfortune^^isanexampleof.

A.MetaphorB.SimileC.IronyD.Personification

Answer:A(P55)

B14.introducedthePetrarchansonnetintoEngland.

A.Anglos/SaxonsB.Normans/Anglo-SaxonsC.Greeks/RomansD.Romans/

Normans

Answer:B(PH)

B15.Itisalonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliteraturepresentedtousa

comprehensiverealisticpictureoftheEnglishsocietyofhistimeandcreateda

wholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallwalksoflife.

A.EdmundSpenserB.GeoffreyChaucerC.WilliamShakespeareD.JohnDonne

Answer:B(P4)

D16.Thefollowingbelongtothecharacteristicsof'metaphysicalpoetry'

representedby'JohnDonne'except.

A.ConceitsB.ActualimageryandsimpledictionC.Argumentativeform

D.Elegantstyle

Answer:D(P63)

C17.ParadiseLostisactuallyastorytakenfrom.

A.GreekMythologyB.RomanlegendC.TheOldTestamentD.TheNew

Testament

Answer:C(P73)

C18.In“ParadiseLost"，Satansays“Wemaywithmoresuccessfulhoperesolve/

Towagebyforceorguileeternalwar,/IrreconcilabletoourgrandFoe”What

doesthe“Eternalwar"mean?

A.ToremoveGodfromhisthroneB.ToburntheHeavenDown

C.TocorruptGod'screationofmanandwoman----AdamandEveD.Tobeguile

intoasnaketothreatenman'slife

Answer:C(P71,节选部分在P75)

B19.,thefirstofthegreattragedies,isgenerallyregardedasShakespeare's

mostpopularplayonthestage,forithasthequalitiesofa“blood-and-thunder”

thrilleranda'philosophicalexploration5oflifeanddeath.

A.TheMerchantofVeniceB.HamletC.KingLearD.TheWinter'sTale

Answer:B(P33)

B20.Itwasandthetwoconqueststhatprovidedthesourcefortherise

andgrowthofEnglishliterature.

A.Anglos/SaxonsB.Normans/Anglo-SaxonsC.Romans/NormansD.Greeks/

Romans

Answer:B(Pl)

C21.ParadiseLostis'smasterpiece,whichisanepicin12books,writtenin

blankverse,abouttheheroicrevoltofSatanagainstGod'sauthority.

A.JohnDonneB.ChristopherMarloweC.JohnMiltonD.EdmundSpenser

Answer:C(P71)

D22.ThefollowingdescriptionfitintoMilton'except'.

A.agreatrevolutionarypoetofthe17thcenturyB.anoutstandingpolitical

pamphleteer

C.agreatstylistandmasterofblankverseD.akindofelegantandrefinestyle.

Answer:D(P70---73)

D23.isnotwrittenbyJohnMilton.

A.SamsonAgonistesB.ParadiseLostC.ParadiseregainedD.Tamburlaine

Answer:D(P71)

D24.Marlow'sgreatestachievementisthatheperfectedthe'blankverse',andhe

isregardedas'thepioneerofEnglishdrama',whichofthefollowingisnot

writtenbyhim?

A.TamburlaineB.TheJewofMaltaC.ThePassionatetoHisLoveD.TheSun

Rising

Answer:D(P20)

B25.EssaysisthefirstexampleofthatgenreinEnglishliterature,whichhas

beenrecognizedasanimportantlandmarkinthedevelopmentofEnglishprose.

A.JohnMilton'sB.FrancisBacon'sC.Montaigne^D.ThomasGray's

Answer:B(P58)

B26.Wasknownas"thepoets'poet”.

A.WilliamShakespeareB.EdmundSpenserC.JohnDonneD.JohnMilton

Answer:B(P15)

27.“Andwewillmaketheebedsofroses/Andathousandfragrantposies/Acap

Dofflowers,andakirtle/Embroideredallwithleavesofmyrtle.^^Theabovelines

areprobablytakenfrom.

A.Spenser'sTheFaerieQueeneB.JohnDonne'sTheSunRising

C.Shakespeare'sSonnet18D.Marlow'sThePassionateShepherdtoHisLove.

Answer:D(P28)

C28.WhichofthefollowingstatementbestillustratesthethemeofShakespeare's

Sonnet18?

A.ThespeakereulogizesthepowerofNature.B.Thespeakersatirizeshuman

vanity.

C.Thespeakerpraisesthepowerofartisticcreation.D.Thespeakermeditateson

man'ssalvation.

Answer:C(P37)

II.Readthequotedpartandanswerthequestions:

l."ForhereinFortuneshowsherselfmorekind

Thanishercustom.Itisstillheruse

Toletthewretchedmanoutlivehiswealth,

Toviewwithholloweyeandwrinkledbrow

Anageofpoverty;fromwhichling1ringpenance

Ofsuchmiserydothshecutmeoff5

1.Identifythetitleoftheworksandauthor.

WilliamShakespear"TheMerchantofVenic”

2.Explain“fromwhich...cutmeoff5.

3.Whathappenedtohim,whichcausedthewords?

参考答案：

Thelinesarefrom“TheMerchantofVenice^^,

WilliamShakespeare.(P48)

2)Thissentencemeansshe,'LadyFortune(命运女神)'，ismorekindtohim

becausesheistakingawaybothhiswealthandlife.

3)ThespeakerisAntonio,it'ssaidthathisshiphaveallbeenlost,andheis

penniless,andwillhavetopaythepoundofflesh.(BecauseShylockhasmadea

strangebondthatrequiresAntoniotopayhimapoundoffleshifhecan'trepay

himthemoneythatheborrowedforhisfriendinduetime.)(P38)

2.“Readnottocontractandconfuse,nottobelieveandtakeforgranted,norto

findtalkanddiscourse,buttoweighandconsider”

l)Identifytheworkandauthor.

FrancisBacon's"OfStudies^^

2)Whatideadoesthepassageexpress?

Thispassageexpressesthatweshouldreadwithconsiderationandwithourown

pointofviewratherthanjusttocriticizeortakeallthingsforgrantedwithout

thinking.

参考答案：

1)Thesentencecomesfrom“OfStudies^^writtenby5FrancisBacon\(P61)

2)TheSentencetalksabouttheproperwaytoread:Whenyouread,don'tbe

puzzledbythecontentofthebook;don'ttakeitforgranted;don'tquotetoomuch

fromthebook;beforeacceptingitsidea,you'dbetterthinkaboutitsshortcomings

andconsideritfromallsides.

3.“Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow'st;

Norshalldeathbragthouwander'stinhisshade,

Whenineternallinestotimethougrow'st:

Solongasmencanbreathe,oreyescansee,

Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.

1)Wheredoesthepoemcomesfrom?Whowroteit?

Shakespear'sSonnet18.

Whatdoes"eternallines^^mean?

Itmeansthepoemitselforstandsforpoetryasawhole.

Interpretitbriefly.

参考答案：1)Thepoemis"ShallIComparetheetoaSummer'sDay”,by

Shakespeare.(P38)

2)Eternallinesmeansthelinesofthepoemandothersonnets.(P38)

3)Itmeans:youwillnotloseyourbeauty,anddeathwillnotthreatenyouwith

darkness,either.Aslongasmancanliveintheworld,theywillseeyourbeautyin

mylinesofmypoem,whichhasgivenyoueternallife.(OrAnicesummer'sday

isusuallytransient,butthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.(P37)

4.“…Allisnolost:theunconquerablewill,

Andstudyofrevenge,immortalhate,

Andcouragenevertosubmitoryield:

Andwhatiselsenottobeovercome?.......

IrreconcilabletoourgrandFoe,,

1)Pleaseidentifythepoemandthepoet.

JohnMilton's"ParadiseLost”

2)Interpref'allisnotlost".

ThisexcerptissaidbySatan.Hissaying“allisnotlost“meansthatthewar

betweenthemtherebelliousangelsandGodisnotover.Theyhaven'tlosttheir

hopeinwinningoverGod.

3)Whatdoesthewholepassagemean?

ThiswholepassageshowsSatanandotherrebelliousangels'determinationto

fightagainstGodandtheirunconquerablewilltowinoverhimandfinallyto

achievetheirowngoalsofrevenge.

参考答案：1)ItistakenfromJohnMilton's"ParadiseLost,,.(P74)

2)“allisnotlost“isthewordfromSatan——Satanandotherangelsrebelagainst

God,buttheyaredrivenfromHeavenintohell.Inthefireofthehell,Satanis

determinedtofightback,justlikewhathesays:notallislost,theunconquerable

will,thedeephatred,andthecouragetofighttilldeathstillremain.(P71)

3)ThispassageshowsSatan'swillnottosubmit(服从),andthedesiretolongfor

freedom;tobegGodformercyandworshiphispowerismoreshamefuland

disgracefulthanthedownfall.(P71)

5.“Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters,lethimstudythelawyer'scases.Soevery

defectofthemindmayhaveaspecialreceipt.^^

Questions:3)Whatdoes“beatovermatters^^mean?

Itmeans“cannotdealwiththingswell”

4)Whatdoes“receipt'referto?

Itmeans“awayofsolution”.

5)Fromwhichessaydoestheabovesentencescome,whatistheessaymainly

about?

Abovesentencesistakenfromtheessay“OFSTUDIES,,,whichismainlyabout

thefunctionofstudy,theinfluenceofstudyonhuman5sactionandthewaysof

study.

参考答案：l)Itmeans:makethroughexaminationsofthings.(P63)

2)ttReceipf,referstocure,prescription.(P63)

3)Thesentencesarefrom“OfStudies^^(FrancisBacon).Itisthemostpopularof

bacon'sessays.Itanalyzeswhatstudieschieflyservefor,thedifferentways

adoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies,andhowstudiesexertinfluence

overhumancharacter.(P60一61)

6.“What,isgreatMephistophilistopassionate

Forbeingdeprivedofthejoysofheaven?

LearnthouofFaustusmanlyfortitude

Andscornthosejoysthounevershaltpossess.

SayhewillsparehimFourandtwentyyears

Lettinghimliveinallvoluptuousness

Havingtheeevertoattendonme...

Questions:

l)Identifythepassageandauthor;

ChristopherMarlowe's"Dr.Faustus^^

2)“Sayhesurrendersuptohimhissoul”,whowillsurrenderhissoul?Whatfor?

Dr.FaustussayshewillsurrenderhissoultoSatanforanexchangeof

twenty-four-yearpowerandinfiniteknowledge.

3)Whoarethee?Whatwillhedo?

"Thee"referstoMephistophilis.HewillserveDr.Faustusforthefollowing

twenty-fouryearsasaconditionofFaustusgivinghissoultoSatan.

参考答案：

1)Thepassagecomesfrom"Dr.Faustus“writtenbyChristopherMarlowe.

(P25—26)

2)Dr.Faustuswillsurrenderhissoultodevil.Becausehewasagreatscholarwho

hasastrongdesireto'getknowledge5invain,finallyhe'madeabond'tosellhis

soultoDevilinreturnfor24yearsoflifeinwhichhemaygetanythinghedesires.

(P22)

3)The“thee”,refersto"Mephistophilis”,theDeviFsservant.

HehelpedDr.Faustustodoanythinghewants.(P22)

7.“Busyoldfool,unrulysun,

Whydoesthouthus,

Throughwindowsandthroughcurtainscallonus?”

Questions:

6)Identifytheworkandauthor.

JohnDonne's"TheSunRising”

7)Whatideadoesthepassageexpress?

Itexpressespoets

参考答案：

l)Thepassagecomesfrom"TheSunRising”，writtenby'JohnDonne'.(P66)

2)Thespeakerquestionsthesun'sauthorityandspeakscondescendingly,placing

thesuninthestatusofasubordinate.Inthelover'skingdom,thesunhasnoright

todictatethetimeofdayorthepassingofseasons.Hispresenceintheir

bedchamberisanintrusionontheirprivacy.

III.Questionsandanswers:

l.HowdoyouknowaboutRenaissance?GiveasummeryaboutEnglishliterature

intheperiod?

参考答案：

l.TheRenaissancereferstotheperiodbetween14th——mid-17thcentury.Itfirst

startedinItaly.

2.TheRenaissancemeansrebirthorrevival——thediscoveryofancientRomanand

Greekculture.

3.Inessence,TheRenaissanceisahistoricalperiodinwhichtheEuropean

humanistthinkersandscholarstriedtogetridoftheoldfeudalistideasin

medievalEurope,tointroducenewideasthatexpressedtheinterestsoftherising

bourgeoisie/middleclass,andtorecoverthepurityoftheearlychurchfromthe

corruptionofRomanCatholicchurch.

4.HumanismistheessenceofRenaissance---Manisthemeasureofallthings.

Thehumanismexalted/praisedhumannatureandemphasizedthedignityof

humanbeingsandthepresentlife.Theythoughtmanhadtherighttoenjoythe

beautyoflifeandhadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandmadewonders,whichgot

readyfortheappearanceofthegreatElizabethanwritersinBritain.Poetryand

dramawerethemostoutstandingliteraryforms.

5.Shakespeare,MarloweandFrancisBaconetc.weretheremarkable

representativesoftheEnglishRenaissance.

（可参考课本P7—12）

2.PleasegiveabriefanalysisofHamlet's"Tobeornottobe”soliloquy（独白）.

参考答案：

“Tobeornottobe"is'aphilosophicalexplorationoflifeanddeath'.The

soliloquycondemnedthehypocrisyandtreacheryandgeneralcorruptionofthe

world,andrevealedthecharacterofHamlet---so'speculative,questioning,

contemplativeandmelancholy./gloomy,.Itwasnotbecausehewasnotableto

takeactiontorevenge,butbecauseofhis9hesitative/hesitantcharacter9,whenthe

chanceforactioncame,itseemeddefeat.

Itcanbeinterpretedas:Hamletbearstheheavyburdenofthedutytorevengehis

father'sdeath,heisforcedtoliveinthesuspenseoffactsandfiction,language

andaction.Heconsidersthatitwouldbebetterto5commitsuicide',butbeing

scaredofwhatmighthappentohimintheafterlife.Soheputoffthething

becauseofthesin.Heconsiderstheplancarefullyonlytofindreasonfornot

carryingitout.Thesoliloquyconveys'thesenseofworld-weariness(厌世)'.

(P33-34)

3.WhatcommonfeaturesdothecharactersshareinMarlow'sworks?(Nomore

than150words)

参考答案：

ThecreationofTheRenaissanceheroisoneofMarlow'scontributions.

l)Suchaheroisalwaysindividualisticandfullofambition,facingbravelythe

challengefromgodandmen.Theyhadhumandignityandcapacity,tryingtoget

heaven/highestideasontheearthbytheirownefforts.

2)Forexample:TamburlaineisacharacterwrittenbyMarlowe.Bydepictinga

greatherowithhighambitionandsheerbrutalforc4einconquering,Marlowe

voicedthesupremedesireofmanforinfinite/limitlesspowerandauthority.In

Dr.Faustus,Marlowecelebratedthehumanpassionforknowledge,powerand

happiness.

3)TamburlaineandDr.FaustusaretypicalinowningsuchRenaissancespirit,

Tamburlaine,beingacruelconquer,foundhappinessinconqueringotherkingdom.

Onlydeathcoulddefeathim.WhileDr.Faustus,amoreintrospectiveand

philosophicalfigure,hadhighspiritforknowledgebuthehadsinforhaving

despairinGodandtrustinDevil.(P20—22)

4.WhatarethemainthemesofShakespeare'splays?

参考答案：

Shakespeare'splaysaredividedinto3types:comedies,tragediesandhistorical

plays.

1)Hishistoricalplaysarewiththetheme---nationalunityunderamightandjust

sovereign/rulerisnecessary.

2)Inhisromanticcomedies,hetakesanoptimisticattitudetowardlovefriendship

andyouth.

3)Inhistragedies,Shakespearealwaysportrayssomenobleheroes,whofacesthe

injusticeoflifeandiscaughtinadifficultsituationandwhosefateisclosely

connectedwiththefateofhisnation.Eachherohashisweaknessofnature.We

alsoseetheconflictbetweentheindividualandtheevilforceinthesociety.And

hismajorcharactersarealwaysindividualsrepresentingcertaintypes.

5.PleasecommentonthecharacterofSatanin“ParadiseLost.^^

参考答案：

Satanisarebellious(叛逆的)figureagainstGodinliterature,defeated,heandhis

rebelangelswerecastintohell.However,Satanrefusedtoaccepthisfailure,

swearingthat“allwasnotlost“andthathewouldrevengeforhisdownfall.The

freedomofthewillisthekeystoneofSatan'scharacter,whichwastheimportant

spiritoftherisingmiddleclass.WhilehetemptedAdamandEve,whichproved

hisevilness.

6.WhatarethecharacteristicsoftheHumanism?

参考答案：lyHumanismTstheessenceofRenaissance.

2)Humanistsseethathumanbeingsweregloriouscreaturescapableofindividual

developmentinthedirectionofperfection,andthattheworldtheyinhabitedwas

theirsnottodespise(轻视)butto'question,explore,andenjoy'.

3)Theyalsobelievethatmandidnotonlyhavetherighttoenjoythebeautyof

thislife,buthadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandtoperformwonders(仓U造奇迹).

(P8)

Chapter2TheNeoclassicalPeriod

I.Choosetherightanswer:

1.bringsHenryFieldingthenameofthe"ProseHomer".

A.ThePilgrim'sProgressB.TomJonesC.RobisonCrusoeD.ColonelJack

Answer:B(P122)

2.AlexanderPopeworkedpainstakinglyonhispoems

andfinallybroughttoitslastperfectionDryden

hadsuccessfullyusedinhisplays.

A.theheroiccoupletB.thefreeverseC.theblankverseD.theSpenserianstanza

Answer:A(P92)

3.Ofallthe18thcenturynovelistswasthefirsttosetout,

bothintheoryandpractice,towritespeciallya"comicepicinprose."

A.HenryFieldingB.DanielDefoeC.JonathanSwiftD.JohnBunyan

Answer:A(P120)

4.isthemostsuccessfulreligiousallegoryintheEnglishlanguage.

A.GenesisAB.TheHolyWarC.ThePilgrimsprogressD.Exodus

Answer:C(P85)

5.Inwhichofthefollowingworkscanyoufindthepropernames

"Lilliput","Brobdingnag","Houyhnhnm"and"Yahoo"?

A.ThePilgrim'sProgressB.TheFaririeQueeneC.Gulliver'stravelsD.TheSchool

ofScandel

Answer:C(P108)

6."Asshadesmoresweetlyrecommendthelight,

Somodestplainnesssetsoffsprightlywit;

Forworksmayhavemorewitthandoes'emgood

Asbodiesperishthroughexcessofblood."

Intheabovelines,Popetriestosatthat.

A.morewitwillmakebetterpoetryB.plainnessismoreimportantthanwitin

poetry

C.toomuchwitwilldestroygoodpoetryD.plainnesswillmakewitdull

Answer:C(P93-94)

7.TheRapeoftheLockbyAlexanderPopeiswrittenintheformofa

mock,whichdescribesthetrivialityofhighsocietyinagrandstyle.

A.epicB.elegyC.sonnetD.ode

Answer:A(P92)

8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypicalfeatureofSamuelJohnson'slanguage

style?

A.Hissentencesarelongandwellstructured.B.Hissentencesareinterwovenwith

parallelwords.

C.Hetendstouseinformalandcolloquialwords.

D.Hissentencesarecomplicated,buthisthoughtsareclearlyexpressed.

Answer:C(P132)

9."Theboastofheraldry,thepompofpower,

Andallthatbeauty,allthatwealthe'ergave,

Awaitsaliketheinevitablehour.

Intheabovequotedpassage,ThomasGrayintendstosaythatgreatfamily,power,

beautyandwealth.

A.willnevermakepeopleleadtothesamedestination——pathsofglory.

B.willinevitablymakepeoplerealizetheirgloriousdreams

C.aretheverybestthingstoleadpeopletotheirglories

D.willneverpreventpeoplefromreachingtheirfinaldestination---grave.

Answer:D(Pl54)

10.hasbeenregardedbysomeas"FatheroftheEnglishnovel"forhis

contributiontotheestablishmentoftheformofthemodernnovel.

A.JohnBunyanB.HenryFieldingC.DanielDefoeD.JohnathanSwift

Answer:B(P121)

11.wasverymuchconcernedwiththethemeofthevanityofhuman

wishesandtriedtoawakenmentothisfollyandhopedtocurethemofitthrough

hiswriting.

A.SamuelJohnsonB.JonathanSwiftC.RichardBrinsleySheridanD.Thomas

Gray

Answer:A(P132)

12.wastheonlyimportantdramatistofthe18thcentury,inhisplays,

moralityistheconstanttheme.

A.AlexanderPopeB.RichardBrinsleySheridanC.SamuelJohnsonD.George

BernardShaw

Answer:B(P136)

13.AstherepresentativeoftheEnlightenment,Popewasoneofthefirstto

introducetoEngland.

A.RationalismB.CriticismC.RomanticismD.Realism

Answer:A(P91)

14.TheRivalsandaregenerallyregardedasimportantlinksbetweenthe

masterpieceofShakespeareandthoseofBernardShaw.

A.TheSchoolforScandalB.TheDuennaC.Widower'sHousesD.TheDoctor's

Dilemma

Answer:A(P137)

15.isasharpsatireonthemoraldegeneracy(道德沦丧)ofthe

aristocratic-bourgeoissocietyinthe18thcenturyEngland.

A.TheRivalsB.Gulliver'sTravelsC.TomsJonesD.TheSchoolforScandal

Answer:D(P138)

16.Thepoem"ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard"byThomasGrayis

regardedasthemostrepresentativeworkof.

A.TheMetaphysicalSchoolB.TheGraveyardSchoolC.TheGothicSchoolD.The

RomanticSchool

Answe亡B(Pl52)

17.,writteninheroiccoupletbyPope,isconsideredmanifestoof

EnglishNeoclassicism.

A.AnEssayofDramaticPoetryB.AnEssayonCriticismC.TheAdvancingof

learningD.AnEssayonFreedom

Answer:B(P93)

18.isatypicalfeatureofSwift'swritings.

A.ElegantstyleB.CausalnarrationC.BittersatireD.Complicatedsentence

structure

Answer:C(P107)

19.InthefollowingwritingsbyHenryFielding,whichbringshimthenameofthe

"ProseHomer"?

A.TheCoffee---HousePolitician.B.TheTragedyofTragedies.C.TheHistoryof

TomJones,AFoundling.D.TheHistoryofAmelia.

Answer:C(P120)

20."Hold!Seewhetheritisornotbeforeyougotothedoor——Ihaveaparticular

messageforyouifitshouldbemybrother."

Thetwosentencesarefoundin.

A.TheSchoolforScandalB.TheRivalsC.TheCriticD.TheSchemingLieutenant

Answer:A(P139)

21.IntermsofElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard,whichiswrong?

A.Theauthoremploysmetaphorinthispoem.B.Theauthorexcessivelyexpresses

hispersonalmelancholy.

C.Hereherevealshissympathyforthepoorandtheunknown.

D.Hemocksthegreatoneswhodespisethepoorandbringhavoconthem.

Answer:B(P152-153)

22.TheHouyhnhnmsdepictedbyJonathanSwiftinGulliver'sTravels

are.

A.horsesthatareendowedwithreason.B.pigmiesthatareendowedwith

admirablequalities

C.giantsthataresuperiorinwisdom.D.Hairy,wild,lowanddespicablecreatures,

whoresemblehumanbeingsnotonlyinappearance

butalsoinsomeotherways.

Answer:A(P108)

ILReadthequotedpartandanswerthequestions:

1."Wordsarelikeleaves;

andwheretheymostabound,

Muchfruitofsensebeneathisrarelyfound.

Falseeloquence,liketheprismaticglass,

Itsgaudycolorsspreadsoneveryplace;

ThefaceofNaturewenomoresurvey,

Allglaresalike,withoutdistinctiongay."

Questions:

1)Identifytheauthorandthepassage;

2)Namethedevicesusedinthepassagewithexamples;

3)Explain"Words....found".

4)Whatisthemainlyimpliedideaofthepassage?

参考答案：

1)ThepassageisfromPope's"AnEssayonCriticism".(P94)

2)Inthepassagetheauthorused"Simile"thedevice,e.g."Wordsarelikeleaves"

and"falseeloquence,liketheprismaticglass'etc.

3)Thesentencemeans:Where/Whentoomanywordsareused,theyseldom

expressmuchsense.

4)Thepassageimpliesauthorsshouldn'tstresstoomuchtheartificialuseof

Conceitortheexternalbeautyoflanguage,theyshouldpayspecialattentionto

TrueWit,whichisbestsetintheplainstyle,(justastoomanyleaveswillcover

thefruits,toogaudy/showyglasswillhidethefacetheNature,toofalseand

eloquentlanguagewillhidetheWitinthearticles.)<P93>

2."LetnotAmbitionmocktheirusefultoil,

Theirhomelyjoys,anddestinyobscure;

NorGrandeurhearwithadisdainfulsmile

Theshortandsimpleannalsofthepoor.

Theboastofheraldry,thepompofpower,

Andallthatbeauty,allthatwealthe'ergave,

Awaitsaliketheinevitablehour.

Thepathsofgloryleadbuttothegrave."

Questions:

1)Identifytheauthorandtheworks;2)Whatdoes"theinevitablehour"?3)

Explainthefirststanza;4)Whatdoesthewholepassageimply.

参考答案：

1)ThisisThomasGray's"ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard".

托马斯・格雷的《写在教堂墓地的挽歌》(P154)

2)"Theinevitablehour"meanstimeofdeath.(Pl56)

3)Thefirststanzameans:Themenwithambitionandhighpositionshouldn't

laughattheordinarypeoplefortheirsimplelifeandhardwork.

4)Inthepassage,thepoetreflectsonthedeath——nomatterhowpoororwealthy,

orhowimportantandhumble,everyisequalbeforedeath,theauthorgivesmuch

sympathytothepoorandunknown(P153)

III.Questionsandanswers:

1.PleaseanalyzetheNeoclassicalperiodandthecharactersoftheliterature.

参考答案：

l)TheNeoclassicalperiodisabout1660-1798,alsoknownas"theAgeof

Enlightenment"or"theageofReason".

2)Itsbackgroundwasia.ltwasanagefullofconflictsanddifferenceofvalues;b.It

wasanageoffastdevelopmentforEnglishtobecome

thefirstpowerfulcapitalistcountryintheworld;c.Itwasanageofeconomic

development,inwhichbourgeois/middleclassgrewrapidly.

3)Inessence,theNeoclassicalPeriodwasaprogressiveintellectualmovement.

4)TheEnlightenersbelievedinself-restraint,self-relianceandhardwork;They

celebratedreason/rationality,equalityandscience.

Theyadvocateduniversaledu