内蒙古名校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期期中联考英语试题【含答案解析】

高一英语考试注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1．Howmuchdidthewomanpayfortheskirt?A．$48.B．$69.C．$96.2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Havearest.B．Dosomeexercise.C．Getusedtothecoldweather.3．Whendidthewomanseeafilmlasttime?A．OnWednesday.B．OnThursday.C．OnFriday.4．WhydoesHarrymakethecall?A．Tofindthemanager.B．Tomakeareservation.C．Tolookforhispassport.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．AtravelplanB．Anexamresult.C．Asportsgame.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatisprobablytheman?A．Apilot.B．Adoctor.C．Apassenger.7．Whereareprobablythespeakers?A．Inthehospital.B．Ontheplane.C．Inthedrugstore.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whatkindofbookdoesthewomanwant?A．Abookonwriting.B．Abookoncomputer.C．Abookontravel.9．Howwillthewomanfindthebookupstairs?A．Bytitle.B．Byauthor.C．Bytime.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whendidthespeakersgotothemovietheater?A．LastSunday.B．LastSaturday.C．LastFriday.11．WhatdoesTominviteNancytodo?A．Havelunch.B．Watchamovie.C．Gohiking.12．Whattimewillthespeakersprobablysetoff?A．At8:00.B．At9:00.C．At10:00.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．What’sthewoman’smajor?A．Management.B．French.C．Italian.14．Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthejob?A．Bylisteningtothemorningnews.B．Byreadingthenewspaper.C．Bycallinganemploymentservice.15．WhathadthewomanbeendoinginGeneva?A．Teachingatauniversity.B．Studyingforeignlanguages.C．Workingasasecretary.16．Whatwasthewomanaskedtodo?A．Prepareforaninterview.B．Callagaininadayortwo.C．Sendawrittenapplication.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WheredidMaxinegettheideatostartadogshelter?A．Fromabook.B．Fromaneighbor.C．Fromadoglover.18．WhathappenedtothedogafterMaxinewashedandfedit?A．Itrantothenextdoor.B．Itlookedlovelyandhappy.C．Itstartedbeingclosetoher.19．HowdoesMaxinepayfortheshelter?A．Thecitygovernmentanddogloverssupporther.B．Herfamilygiveshermoney.C．Shecollectsfeesfromneighbors.20．HowoldmightMaxinebe?A．Around8yearsold.B．Below10yearsold.C．Around17yearsold.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATraditionsarecustomsandbeliefsthatformapartofourculture.Theyarepracticedtoremindusofourhistoryandarepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Sometraditionsareinterestingandwidespread,whileothersarequitestrangeandpracticedonlybyasmallgroupofpeople.Continuereadingtodigmoreintosomeinterestingtraditionsfromaroundtheworld.SmigusDyngusinPolandAlsoknownas“WetMonday”,SmigusDyngusisauniquetraditionpracticedinPoland,wherepeoplethrowwaterateachother.ItiscelebratedannuallyonEasterMonday.Thetraditionalwaytodoitisforboystothrowwateratgirls,anditisbelievedthatthegirlwhoreceivesthemostwaterhasthegreatestchanceofgettingmarried.Hangingcoffins(棺椁)inSagada,thePhilippinesThereisanoldtraditioninSagadawherepeoplehangtheircoffinsinstonecaves.ItwascarriedoutbytheIgorottribe(部落)ofMountainProvince.Thepeopletherebelievethiscustompreventslargeanimalsfromtakingthedeadbodies,andalsopurifiesorblessesthedepartedsoul.ThePolterabendcustominGermanyFamilymembersandfriendsoffuturemarriedcouplesmeetatdinner,andbreakalotofporcelain(瓷器).Thecoupleisthenaskedtocleanuptheentiremess.Thisissupposedlytoteachthemtheimportanceofunityandhardwork,andbringgoodluck.Germansthinkthistraditionisessentialinmakingmarriageslastalifetime.BoryeongMudFestivalintheROKTheBoryeongMudFestivalintheROKisafascinatinganduniquecelebrationthatdrawscrowdsfromaroundtheworld.Itisamajorculturalevent,attractingoveramillionvisitorsannually.Peopleparticipateinvariousmud-relatedactivities,includingmudbaths,mudwrestlingandevenamudmarathon.Thefestivalfeatureslivemusic,foodstalls,andwonderfulstreetperformances.1.WhyarethecoffinshungincavesinSagada?A.Toprayforgoodluck.B.Toprotectthedeadbodies.C.Toensureafuturereunion.D.Toconservemorelandresources.2.Whichtraditioncontributestoalastingmarriage?A.SmigusDyngus.B.HangingcoffinsinSagada.C.ThePolterabendcustom.D.BoryeongMudFestival.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoduringtheBoryeongMudFestival?A.Throwwateratgirls.B.LearnaboutIgorotculture.C.Meetfamouspeople.D.Enjoymudbaths.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界各地四种不同的有趣的传统风俗。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ThereisanoldtraditioninSagadawherepeoplehangtheircoffinsinstonecaves.ItwascarriedoutbytheIgorottribe(部落)ofMountainProvince.Thepeopletherebelievethiscustompreventslargeanimalsfromtakingthedeadbodies,andalsopurifiesorblessesthedepartedsoul.(在菲律宾Sagada有一个古老的传统，人们将棺材悬挂在石洞里。这是由MountainProvince的Igorot部落执行的。当地人认为这种习俗可以防止大型动物吃掉死者，同时也能净化或祝福逝者的灵魂。)”可知，在菲律宾Sagada人们将棺材悬挂在石洞里是为了防止大型动物吃掉死者，也就是为了保护尸体。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“ThePolterabendcustominGermany”部分中的“Familymembersandfriendsoffuturemarriedcouplesmeetatdinner,andbreakalotofporcelain(瓷器).Thecoupleisthenaskedtocleanuptheentiremess.Thisissupposedlytoteachthemtheimportanceofunityandhardwork,andbringgoodluck.Germansthinkthistraditionisessentialinmakingmarriageslastalifetime.(未来夫妻的家人和朋友在晚餐时相聚，打破大量瓷器。然后要求这对新人清理整个混乱局面。据说这是为了教导他们团结和努力工作的重要性，并带来好运。德国人认为这一传统对维持婚姻的终身至关重要。)”可知，德国的ThePolterabendcustom有助于维持持久的婚姻。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“TheBoryeongMudFestivalintheROKisafascinatinganduniquecelebrationthatdrawscrowdsfromaroundtheworld.Itisamajorculturalevent,attractingoveramillionvisitorsannually.Peopleparticipateinvariousmud-relatedactivities,includingmudbaths,mudwrestlingandevenamudmarathon.Thefestivalfeatureslivemusic,foodstalls,andwonderfulstreetperformances.(韩国的保宁泥滩节是一个引人入胜且独特的庆祝活动，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。这是一个重要的文化活动，每年吸引超过一百万的游客。人们参与各种与泥有关的活动，包括泥浴、泥地摔跤甚至泥地马拉松。节日里还有现场音乐、食品摊位和精彩的街头表演。)”可知，在韩国保宁泥滩节上，游客可以参与各种与泥有关的活动，包括泥浴、泥地摔跤甚至泥地马拉松。故选D。BJiangShumeiwasn’teducatedasachild,learningherfirstChinesecharacterattheageof60.Now,the87-year-oldgrandmotheristheproudauthorofsixbooks.Shelearnedherfirstcharacterin1996,afterherhusbanddiedinacaraccident,whenherdaughterZhangAilingsuggestedthatshelearntoreadtotakehermindoffthelonelinessandsorrow.Zhangsaysthathermotherhadherownwayoflearning.Whenevershecameacrosscharactersshedidn’tknowatbusstopsorshopsigns,shefoundsomeonetoask.OnceJianghadlearnedenoughcharacters,Zhangstartedgivingherbookstoread.Enjoyingthebooks,Jiangtoldherdaughterthatshewantedtowritedownherownstoriestoshare.Shefirstputpentopaperin2012,attheageof75.Itwasnoteasy.Sometimes,completingasinglesentencecouldtakeaday.Jiangusuallystartedwritingat3or4am,andrevisedthepiecesseveraltimesuntilshewassatisfied.Zhangbeganpublishinghermother’sstoriesonsocialmediaplatformsin2013.WhenZhangandhermotherdrewtheattentionofZhang’swriterfriends,thepairmadeadecisiontopublishthem.Thefirstbook,TimeofTrouble,TimeofPoverty,waspublishedlaterthatyear,andprovedtobeasuccess.Somecriticsevenpraiseditasthe“livehistoryofanationplaguedbytoughtimes”.ThebookearnedJiangalotoffansandsympathy.Sofar,theelderlywomanhaspublishedsixbooks,totalingmorethan600,000charactersinlength.Shelivesahealthylife,exercisingeveryday,drinkingmilkandsoymilk,aswellashavingregularexercise.“IfIcouldliveaslongas130,wouldyoustillsaythatitistoolateformetostartafter60?”sheasks,jokingly.4.WhydidJianglearntoreadinherlateryears?A.Tobecomeaproudauthor.B.Tomakeupfornotgoingtoschool.C.Toencourageherfriendsandfamilies.D.Toreducetheimpactofherhusband’sdeath.5.WhatmadeJiangdecidetopublishherfirstbook?A.Astronginnerdesire. B.Theattentionfromotherwriters.C.Herdaughter’sencouragement. D.Thedevelopmentofsocialmedia.6.Whatdosetheunderlinedword“plagued”inparagraph4mean?A.Aided. B.Enlarged. C.Troubled. D.Defeated.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.AllroadsleadtoRome.C.Wherethereislife,thereislove.D.Goldcan’tbepureandmancan’tbeperfect.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述张爱玲的母亲姜淑梅在60岁以后开始学习汉字并成为作家的故事，告诉我们：活到老，学到老。4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Shelearnedherfirstcharacterin1996,afterherhusbanddiedinacaraccident,whenherdaughterZhangAilingsuggestedthatshelearntoreadtotakehermindoffthelonelinessandsorrow.(1996年，她的丈夫在一场车祸中去世，她的女儿张爱玲建议她学习阅读，以消除她的孤独和悲伤，她学会了第一个汉字。)”可知，姜女士在晚年学习阅读，以减少丈夫去世的影响。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“WhenZhangandhermotherdrewtheattentionofZhang’swriterfriends,thepairmadeadecisiontopublishthem.(当张和她的母亲引起了她的作家朋友们的注意时，两人决定出版这些作品。)”可知，受到其他作家的关注，姜决定出版她的第一本书。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Thefirstbook,TimeofTrouble,TimeofPoverty,waspublishedlaterthatyear,andprovedtobeasuccess.(她的第一本书《乱时候，穷时候》于当年晚些时候出版，并取得了成功。)”可知，姜的第一本书很成功，结合下文“bytoughtimes”，因此推断画线句句意：一些评论家甚至称赞它是“一个饱受艰难时期困扰的国家的活生生的历史”。plagued意为“困扰”，与C项意思接近。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sofar,theelderlywomanhaspublishedsixbooks,totalingmorethan600,000charactersinlength.Shelivesahealthylife,exercisingeveryday,drinkingmilkandsoymilk,aswellashavingregularexercise.“IfIcouldliveaslongas130,wouldyoustillsaythatitistoolateformetostartafter60?”sheasks,jokingly.(到目前为止，这位老妇人已经出版了六本书，总长度超过60万字。她过着健康的生活，每天锻炼，喝牛奶和豆浆，并定期锻炼。“如果我能活到130岁，你还会说我60岁以后再开始太迟吗?”她开玩笑地问道。)”可推知，从姜的故事，我们知道活到老，学到老的道理。故选A。CIcouldn’tsleepatalllastnight,andmysisterbelievesitwasbecauseIateabowlofreallyspicy(辛辣的)foodbeforebedtime.However,Iwasskepticalabouttheconnectionbetweenspicyfoodsandsleep.Caneatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimetrulyimpactone’ssleepquality?Somepeoplebelievethateatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimecandisruptsleepbyincreasingbodytemperatureandcausingheartburn.Itmaybeworthavoidingspicyfoodsclosetobedtime.Tofindouttherelation,theresearchersinAustraliaconductedanexperimenttoinvestigatetheeffectsofspicyfoodsonsleep.Theyprovidedagroupofindividualswithdeliciouslate-nightmeals,alternating(交替)betweenspicyandmildoptions.Theresultsrevealedthatconsumingspicyfoodsledtodisruptedsleeppatterns,causingparticipantstotakelongertofallasleepandsleepforshortertime.Thisdatasupportedthebeliefthatthereisacorrelationbetweeneatingspicyfoodsandexperiencingsleepdisturbances.Whiletheexactmechanism(机制)bywhichspicyfoodsinfluencesleepremainsunclear,researchershaveproposedseveralpossibilities.Oneisthatstomachdiscomfortresultingfromspicyfoodconsumptionmayaffectsleepquality.Additionally,thelongdigestion(消化)ofspicyfoodscoulddelaythestartofsleep.Furthermore,spicyfoodscontainsomethingthatcanraisebodytemperature,whichhasbeenlinkedtopoorsleepinpreviousstudies.Giventhesefindings,itisadvisabletoavoidconsumingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimetopromotebettersleep.Nexttime,Iwillfollowmysister’sadviceandoptforamildermealintheeveningtoensurearestfulnight’ssleep.8.Whatdopeopleusuallythinkofeatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtime?A.Itcanmakepeopleaddictivetoit.B.Itcanbebadfordigestion.C.Itcanmakesleepdifficult.D.Itcanleadtoanincreaseinenergylevels.9.HowdidAustralianresearchersconductthisstudy?A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Bystudyingpapers.C.Bydoinganexperiment. D.Bydoinginterviews.10.Whatcanweknowfromthestudy?A.Spicyfoodstakelongtodigest.B.Bodytemperaturehasnoeffectonsleep.C.Badeatinghabitchangessleeppatterns.DSleepproblemsmaybecausedbybadhabits.11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toforbidchildrenfromhavingspicyfoods.B.Tosuggestnoteatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtime.C.Topromotesomehealthyfoodthatisnotspicy.D.Tokeepupwiththelatesthealthyfoodresearch.【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是睡前吃辛辣食物会影响睡眠，所以建议睡前不吃辛辣食物。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Somepeoplebelievethateatingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimecandisruptsleepbyincreasingbodytemperatureandcausingheartburn.Itmaybeworthavoidingspicyfoodsclosetobedtime.(有些人认为睡前吃辛辣食物会升高体温，引起胃灼热，从而扰乱睡眠。睡前最好不要吃辛辣食物。)”可知，人们认为睡前吃辛辣食物会影响睡眠。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Tofindouttherelation,theresearchersinAustraliaconductedanexperimenttoinvestigatetheeffectsofspicyfoodsonsleep.(为了找出两者之间的关系，澳大利亚的研究人员进行了一项实验，调查辛辣食物对睡眠的影响。)”可知澳大利亚研究人员通过做一个实验进行了这项研究。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Additionally,thelongdigestion(消化)ofspicyfoodscoulddelaythestartofsleep.(此外，长时间消化辛辣食物可能会延迟睡眠的开始。)”可知辛辣食物需较长时间去消化。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Giventhesefindings,itisadvisabletoavoidconsumingspicyfoodsbeforebedtimetopromotebettersleep.Nexttime,Iwillfollowmysister’sadviceandoptforamildermealintheeveningtoensurearestfulnight’ssleep.(考虑到这些发现，睡前避免食用辛辣食物以促进更好的睡眠是明智的。下次，我会听从姐姐的建议，晚上吃一顿温和的饭，以确保晚上睡个安稳觉。)”可知睡前避免食用辛辣食物可以促进更好的睡眠，所以可以推断这篇文章的目的是建议睡前不要吃辛辣食物。故选B项。DScientistsagreethatpredicting(预测)whenandwhereanearthquakewilloccurandhowbigitwillbeisnotyetpossible.Therefore,muchresearchhasfocusedoncomingupwithwaystoreducethedamagefromearthquakes,ratherthantryingtopredictwhentheywilloccur.Specifically,findingmoreinformationabouttheplaceunderthesurfacehelpsdevelopersandothersmakesaferchoiceswhenconstructingabuilding.ThisiswhereNavakaneshMBatmanathanisputtinghisefforts.BatmanathanisanearthquakegeologistattheNationalUniversityofMalaysia.HeisactivelyengagedinmappingtheareassurroundingearthquakesinBorneo.Faults(断层)areplacesintheEarth’scrust(地壳)thatareweaktosuddenmovementbetweenmassesofrock,resultinginoccasionalearthquakes.Batmanathanisworkingtomapthefaults,aswellastheinfrastructure(基础设施)intheareaofthefaults,tohopefullyreducethepotentialdamagethatcanbecausedbyanearthquake.Developersandengineerscanusethisknowledgetoplanwhereitissafesttobuildandwhereearthquake-resistantstructuresareneeded.Batmanathanisusingavarietyoftoolstomapfaults.Workingonthegroundtomaptheareaisjustoneofthemethodsheemploys.Healsousesimagesfromsatellitesandground-penetratingradar(GPR).GPRisatechnologythatcreatesanundergroundimagewithoutdigging.Ithasmanyapplications,fromfindingthewaterleveltounderstandsoilandrocktypesforconstructionprojects.Batmanathanandothersareusingthistechnologytomapfaults,andtheareasaroundfaults,togainaclearerpictureofpotentialearthquakedamage.Itmightnoteverbepossibletoknowexactlywhenorwhereanearthquakewillhappen,butBatmanathanhopesthathisworkwillhelpeducatepeopleandbetterpreparethemforearthquakes.12.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Providingevidence. B.Givingsuggestions.C.Introducingthetopic. D.Drawingaconclusion.13.WhatisBatmanathanactivelyworkingoninBorneo?A.Studyingvolcanoes. B.Recordingrivers.C.Predictingearthquakes. D.Studyingfaults.14.WhatdoweknowaboutGPRfromparagraph3?A.Itcanpredictwhereanearthquakewillhappen.B.Itcanbeappliedinmappingfaults.C.Itcanpredictthetimeofearthquakes.D.Itcantestthequalityofthesoil.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MappingFaultsforSaferConstructionB.ChallengesinPredictingEarthquakesC.TheFutureofEarthquakePredictionD.TechnologyforReducingEarthquakes【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。找到地表下的更多信息有助于开发商和其他人在建造建筑物时做出更安全的选择。这就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。文章主要介绍了他的工作。【12题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Scientistsagreethatpredicting(预测)whenandwhereanearthquakewilloccurandhowbigitwillbeisnotyetpossible.Therefore,muchresearchhasfocusedoncomingupwithwaystoreducethedamagefromearthquakes,ratherthantryingtopredictwhentheywilloccur.Specifically,findingmoreinformationabouttheplaceunderthesurfacehelpsdevelopersandothersmakesaferchoiceswhenconstructingabuilding.ThisiswhereNavakaneshMBatmanathanisputtinghisefforts.(科学家们一致认为，预测地震发生的时间和地点以及地震的强度是不可能的。因此，许多研究都集中在寻找减少地震破坏的方法上，而不是试图预测地震何时发生。具体来说，找到地表下的更多信息有助于开发商和其他人在建造建筑物时做出更安全的选择。这就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。)”可知，第1段的作用是引出本文主题，即NavakaneshMBatmanathan的工作。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“BatmanathanisanearthquakegeologistattheNationalUniversityofMalaysia.HeisactivelyengagedinmappingtheareassurroundingearthquakesinBorneo.Faults(断层)areplacesintheEarth’scrust(地壳)thatareweaktosuddenmovementbetweenmassesofrock,resultinginoccasionalearthquakes.Batmanathanisworkingtomapthefaults,aswellastheinfrastructure(基础设施)intheareaofthefaults,tohopefullyreducethepotentialdamagethatcanbecausedbyanearthquake.Developersandengineerscanusethisknowledgetoplanwhereitissafesttobuildandwhereearthquake-resistantstructuresareneeded.(Batmanathan是马来西亚国立大学的地震地质学家。他积极投身于婆罗洲地震周边地区的测绘工作。断层是地壳中对岩石之间的突然运动不敏感的地方，会导致偶尔的地震。Batmanathan正在绘制断层图，以及断层区域的基础设施，希望能减少地震可能造成的潜在破坏。开发人员和工程师可以利用这些知识来规划最安全的建筑地点和需要抗震结构的地方。)”可知，他在婆罗洲积极从事研究断层。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Batmanathanandothersareusingthistechnologytomapfaults,andtheareasaroundfaults,togainaclearerpictureofpotentialearthquakedamage.(Batmanathan和其他人正在利用这项技术绘制断层和断层周围区域的地图，以更清楚地了解潜在的地震破坏情况。)”可知，它可以应用于绘制断层和断层周围区域的地图。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Specifically,findingmoreinformationabouttheplaceunderthesurfacehelpsdevelopersandothersmakesaferchoiceswhenconstructingabuilding.ThisiswhereNavakaneshMBatmanathanisputtinghisefforts.(具体来说，找到地表下的更多信息有助于开发商和其他人在建造建筑物时做出更安全的选择。这就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。)”和第二段中“Batmanathanisworkingtomapthefaults,aswellastheinfrastructureintheareaofthefaults,tohopefullyreducethepotentialdamagethatcanbecausedbyanearthquake.Developersandengineerscanusethisknowledgetoplanwhereitissafesttobuildandwhereearthquake-resistantstructuresareneeded.(Batmanathan正在绘制断层图，以及断层区域的基础设施，希望能减少地震可能造成的潜在破坏。开发人员和工程师可以利用这些知识来规划最安全的建筑地点和需要抗震结构的地方。)”可知，找到地表下的更多信息有助于开发商和其他人在建造建筑物时做出更安全的选择。这就是NavakaneshMBatmanathan正在努力的地方。文章主要介绍了他的工作。A选项“MappingFaultsforSaferConstruction(为更安全的施工绘制断层图)”符合题意。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Akitchengardenproducesvegetablesfordelicious,healthymeals.Itdoesn’thavetoberightoutsidethekitchendoor,butthecloseritis,thebetter.____16____,themorelikelyitisthatyouwillgettastythingsoutofit.Justafewstepsareneededforwhatyouwant.____17____.Themostimportantrecommendationisstartwithwhatyouliketoeat.Thismaygowithoutsaying,butIhaveseenfirst-yeargardensthatdon’treflecttheeatinghabitsoftheirgrowers.Oneoftheeasiestandmostrewardingandpopularkitchengardensisasimplesaladgarden.Itcanproducemultipleharvestsinmostpartsofthecountry.Plantingagarden:where,whenandhow.Makeagardenplanofwhatwillbeplanted,where,whenandhow.____18____.Itmeansyoushouldknowwhattheylikeintermsofspace,water,soilfertility(肥力)andsoiltemperatures.Whenandhowmuchtowateryourgarden.Vegetablesaremademostlyofwater.____19____.You’llwanttowaterthemlightlyeverydayortwo.Ifnatureisn’tprovidingthatamountofrain,you’llneedtowaterbyyourselforwithadripirrigationsystem.Gardenmaintenance:keepaneyeonit.Sunandrainwilling,fastgrowerssuchasradishes(萝卜)andsaladgreenswillbegintoproducecropsasearlyas20to30daysafterplanting.Checkonthemregularlysoyougettoharvestthembeforesomeoneelsedoes.____20____.A.ChoosinggardencropsB.GettingreadyforgardensiteC.TheeasieritisforyoutogetintothegardenD.SoyouneedtoensureyourplantshaveenoughwaterE.YoushowaninterestinhowtoproducemultipleharvestsF.Todothis,youneedtogetfamiliarwithallkindsofcropsG.Besides,protectivebarriersandorganicproductscanpreventpestsanddiseases【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了如何创建自己的简易菜园。【16题详解】由下文“themorelikelyitisthatyouwillgettastythingsoutofit.(你就越有可能从中得到美味的食物)”可知，本句用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，故C选项“Theeasieritisforyoutogetintothegarden(你越容易进入花园)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。【17题详解】由下文“Themostimportantrecommendationisstartwithwhatyouliketoeat.Thismaygowithoutsaying,butIhaveseenfirst-yeargardensthatdon’treflecttheeatinghabitsoftheirgrowers.Oneoftheeasiestandmostrewardingandpopularkitchengardensisasimplesaladgarden.Itcanproducemultipleharvestsinmostpartsofthecountry.(最重要的建议是从你喜欢吃什么开始。这可能是不言而喻的，但我看到第一年的菜园并没有反映出种植者的饮食习惯。最简单、最有益、最受欢迎的菜园之一就是简单的沙拉菜园。它可以在该国大部分地区产生多次收获。)”可知，本空要说跟“选择作物”有关的话题，故A选项“Choosinggardencrops(选择花园作物)”能够概括段落大意，符合题意。故选A。【18题详解】由上文“Plantingagarden:where,whenandhow.Makeagardenplanofwhatwillbeplanted,where,whenandhow.(种植花园：地点、时间和方式。制定一个种植计划，包括种植什么、何时、何地以及如何种植。)”可知，熟悉各种作物才能做到这一点，故F选项“Todothis,youneedtogetfamiliarwithallkindsofcrops(要做到这一点，你需要熟悉各种作物)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】由上文“Whenandhowmuchtowateryourgarden.Vegetablesaremademostlyofwater.(什么时候给花园浇水，浇多少水。蔬菜主要是由水组成的)”可知，水对植物很重要，要确保植物的水分，故D选项“Soyouneedtoensureyourplantshaveenoughwater(所以你需要确保你的植物有足够的水)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【20题详解】由上文“Gardenmaintenance:keepaneyeonit.Sunandrainwilling,fastgrowerssuchasradishes(萝卜)andsaladgreenswillbegintoproducecropsasearlyas20to30daysafterplanting.Checkonthemregularlysoyougettoharvestthembeforesomeoneelsedoes.(花园保养：留意一下。如果阳光和雨水充足，萝卜和沙拉蔬菜等快速生长的作物最早将在种植后20至30天开始生产。定期检查它们，这样你就可以在别人之前收获它们。)”可知，本空要说跟“菜园维护”有关的话题，故G选项“Besides,protectivebarriersandorganicproductscanpreventpestsanddiseases(此外，防护屏障和有机产品可以预防病虫害)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inahugebuildingafteralongdaywork,Ifoundmyselfstandingnexttoayoungmanwithanice____21____.Hissmilewassowarmthatwebeganachat.Thechat____22____whatwehadincommon:WeallcametoNewYorkfromdifferentcountries.IcomefromGermanywhilehecomesfromSouthAmerica.Weexchanged____23____aboutthedifficultiesofstartinganewlifeinanewcountry.Italkedtohim,“I’vebeensearchingforanapartmentwithinwalkingdistancefrommy____24____.AndwhatIwantistorentonewitha____25____viewofCentralPark!MaybeI’mjust____26____.Ican’taffordto____27____aroomlikethatmyselfandIhaven’tfoundaroommateto____28____theexpense.”Theyoungmanwroteanumberdownonapieceof____29____.“Hername’sSallyandsheisagoodgirl,”hesaid.“You’lllikeher,andsheneedsaroommate.”Icalledherrightaway.Later,she_____30_____mybestroommate.Sallytoldmethatsheandtheyoungmanwerenot_____31_____atallandtheyjustmetonce.“Maybeheknowsofyoubeforebecauseyouare_____32_____inthatbigcompanyforyourhardworking_____33_____,”ItoldSally.Hearingthat,Sallywassohappy.Eventhoughyouareasmallpotatoinyourlife,youcanstillwinyour_____34_____byworkinghardordoingsomething_____35_____toothers.21.A.personality B.smile C.attitude D.voice22.A.proved B.replied C.showed D.defined23.A.styles B.stories C.lectures D.methods24.A.job B.school C.building D.home25.A.narrow B.personal C.good D.powerful26.A.cheating B.dreaming C.competing D.pretending27.A.buy B.make C.have D.rent28.A.increase B.waste C.pair D.share29.A.cake B.music C.wood D.paper30.A.found B.told C.became D.asked31.A.relatives B.friends C.families D.roommates32.A.well-trained B.well-balanced C.well-known D.well-educated33.A.spirit B.time C.goal D.design34.A.future B.heart C.honour D.trust35.A.effective B.helpful C.skillful D.creative【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.C26.B27.D28.D29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遇到了一个爱笑的年轻人，经过简单的交谈后，年轻人知道作者想要找人合租房子，于是给了作者Sally的电话，后来作者和Sally成为了最好的室友。作者感悟到即使你是你生活中的一个小土豆，你仍然可以通过努力工作或做一些对别人有帮助的事情来赢得你的荣誉。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一天漫长的工作后，在一座巨大的大楼里，我发现自己站在一个微笑着的年轻人旁边。A.personality个性；B.smile微笑；C.attitude态度；D.voice嗓音。根据“Hissmilewassowarm”可知，此处是信息词smile的词汇复现。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：聊天显示了我们的共同点：我们都是从不同的国家来到纽约的。A.proved证明；B.replied回复；C.showed展示；D.defined下定义。根据“WeallcametoNewYorkfromdifferentcountries.”可知，聊天显示了作者和那个年轻人的共同点是从不同的国家来到纽约。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们交换了在一个新国家开始新生活困难的故事。A.styles风格；B.stories故事；C.lectures演讲；D.methods方法。根据“aboutthedifficultiesofstartinganewlifeinanewcountry.”可知，作者和那位年轻人交换自己的故事。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他说:“我一直在找一个离我工作地点步行就能到的公寓。”A.job工作；B.school学校；C.building建筑；D.home家。根据“withinwalkingdistance”可知，作者想要找一个离自己工作地点步行就能到的公寓。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想租一间能看到中央公园的房子！A.narrow狭窄的；B.personal个人的；C.good好的；D.powerful有影响力的。根据“CentralPark”可知，作者想租一间能有好的视野看到中央公园的房子。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我只是在做梦。A.cheating欺骗；B.dreaming梦想；C.competing竞争；D.pretending假装。根据“Ican’taffordto____7____aroomlikethatmyselfandIhaven’tfoundaroommateto____8____theexpense.”可知，作者自己一个人租不起像那样的房间，也没有找到人合租，因此作者认为自己是在做梦。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自己租不起那样的房间，而且我还没有找到室友来分担费用。A.buy买；B.make制作；C.have有；D.rent出租。根据下文“Ihaven’tfoundaroommateto____8____theexpense”可知，作者自己租不起那样的房间。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.increase增加；B.waste浪费；C.pair配对；D.share分享。根据下文““Hername’sSallyandsheisagoodgirl,”hesaid.“You’lllikeher,andsheneedsaroommate.””可知，作者没有找到分担房租的人。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻人在一张纸上写下了一个号码。A.cake蛋糕；B.music音乐；C.wood木材；D.paper纸。根据“Theyoungmanwroteanumberdown”可知，在纸上写下一个号码。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她成了我最好的室友。A.found找到，发现；B.told告诉；C.became成为；D.asked问。根据“mybestro