江苏省连云港市七校2023-2024学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题【含答案解析】

2023-2024学年第二学期期中考试高二英语试题满分150分考试时间120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A．Tolearnartfromher.B．Togetbackhislostnotes.C．Toborrowhernotes.2．WhatdidthespeakersgotoItalyforlastyear?A．Abusinesstrip.B．Aholiday.C．Avisittoamarket.3．Whatwasthewomandoingatlunchtime?A．Working.B．Studying.C．Eating.4．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hedoesn’tcareforfish.B．Hedoesn’tlikesnacks.C．Hehasreadaboutthefood.5．Whatistheweatherlike?A．Rainy.B．Cold.C．Hot.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepriceoftheticket?A．It’sexpensive.B．It’scheap.C．It’sreasonable.7．Whereisthewomangettingoffthebus?A．AtBonnyrigg.B．AtZoneone.C．AtParkRoad.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．WhatsizeT-shirtdoesthewomanwear?A．Small.B．Medium.C．Large.9．Howmanyitemsdidthewomanbuy?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.听第8段材料，回答第10-13题。10．Whodidthemanhaveanargumentwith?A．Hisparents.B．Hiscousins.C．Hisfriends.11．Whatisthemanplanningtodo?A．Organizeafamilydinner.B．Haveabirthdayparty.C．Dosomeextrajobs.12．Howisthemanfeeling?A．He’sdelighted.B．He’supset.C．He’sconfused.13．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Brotherandsister.B．Motherandson.C．Friends.听第9段材料，回答第14-16题。14．Whatisoneproblemwitharmexercises?A．Theywon’tmakeyourarmsthinner.B．Theycoulddamagearmmuscles.C．Theycanraiseone’sbloodpressure.15．Howdidthewomangettheinformationaboutarmexercises?A．Bytalkingtoanexpert.B．Byreadinganarticle.C．Byattendinganexerciseclass.16．Whataretheexpertsnowrecommending?A．Exercisingtheentirebody.B．Cyclinginsteadofwalking.C．Wearinglegweights.听第10段材料，回答第17-20题。17．Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A．Differentfoodcultures.B．Westerntablemanners.C．People’sdietpreferences.18．HowdoAmericanshaveamealaccordingtothespeaker?A．Theypreferusingonlyonehandatatime.B．Theyusuallykeepboththeirhandsbusy.C．Theyholdtheforkthroughoutthemeal.19．WhendoEuropeansprefertohavecoffee?A．Beforeameal.B．Duringameal.C．Afterameal.20．Howshouldweusetheforks,knivesandspoonsatformaldinners?A．Inanyorderwelike.B．Usetheonesneartheplatefirst.C．Startwiththeoutermostones.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并将答案填涂到答题卡上。AHerearefourorganizationsthatrescueandtrainshelterdogstobeserviceanimals.Merlin’sKidsMerlin’sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.Dogscanexpandkids‘socialcomfortzoneanddramaticallyimprovetheirmentalhealth.Inthepublic’seyes,theseworkingdogshaveprovedthatshelteranimalsareamazing.PetsforVets(老兵)AnimaltrainerClarissaBlackcreatedPetsforVetsin2009asawaytosay“thankyou”toournation’sheroes.Thisorganizationrecognizesthatmanyvetsreturnhomewithscars(伤疤),whichmakeitdifficultforthemtoliveanormallife.PetsforVetswasfoundedtorescueandtrainshelteranimalstoprovidetherapydogsforvets.Theorganizationsaysthatwhenthevetismatchedwiththerightdog,bothoftheirliveschangeforthebetter.PawsWithaCauseThisorganizationhasbeenaroundsince1979anditimprovestheindependenceandqualityoflifeforpeoplewithdisabilities.PawsWithaCausespecializesinhelpingpeoplewithdisabilitiescompletedailytasksandthedogscanopendoorsandpullawheelchair.Theorganization’sfoundersMikeandCandyeareverypleasedwithitsdevelopment.CanDoCaninesAdogfromalocalshelterhelpedstartCanDoCaninesin1989.NamedAnnie,sheassistedherownerforeightyears.Anniewasthefirstofover500rescueddogsspeciallytrainedasservicedogstoassistpeoplewithhearingproblems,diabetes(糖尿病)andautism.Butifadogintheorganizationisnotsuitedduetobehaviororillness,thedogisnevertrainedagainandplacedintoaforeverhomewithafamily.1.Merlin’sKidshelpsthechildrenwith.A.hearingproblems B.scars C.diabetes D.emotionalproblems2.WhenwasPawsWithaCausesetup?A.In1960. B.In1979. C.In1989. D.In2009.3.WhogaveCanDoCaninesagoodstart?A.Annie. B.Merlin. C.ClarissaBlack. D.MikeandCandye.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个救助和训练狗成为服务性动物的组织。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Merlin’sKids部分“Merlin’sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.Dogscanexpandkids‘socialcomfortzoneanddramaticallyimprovetheirmentalhealth.(Merlin’sKids是一个组织，拯救和训练收容所的狗，让它们成为有特殊情感需要的儿童的服务性动物。狗可以扩大孩子们的社交舒适区，极大地改善他们的心理健康)”可知，Merlin’sKids帮助有情感问题的孩子。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据PawsWithaCause部分“Thisorganizationhasbeenaroundsince1979anditimprovestheindependenceandqualityoflifeforpeoplewithdisabilities.(该组织自1979年成立以来，一直致力于提高残疾人的独立性和生活质量)”可知，PawsWithaCause是1979年建立的。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据CanDoCanines部分“AdogfromalocalshelterhelpedstartCandoCaninesin1989.NamedAnnie,sheassistedherownerforeightyears.(1989年，一只来自当地收容所的狗帮助创立了CandoCanines。她的名字叫安妮，为她的主人服务了8年)”可知，Annie给了CanDoCanines一个好的开始。故选A。BSongsthatmakeourheartshappycanmakethemstrongertooUSresearchersreportedonTuesday.Theyfoundthatwhenpeoplelistenedtotheirfavoritemusic,theirbloodvessels(血管)dilatedinmuchthesamewayaswhentheyarelaughing,ortakingbloodmedications(药物治疗).“Wehaveaprettyimpressiveeffect,”saidDrMichaelMiller,directorofpreventivecardiology(心脏病学)attheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterinBaltimore.“Bloodvesseldiameter(直径)improved,”hesaid.“Thevesselopenedupprettysignificantly.Youcanseethevesselsopeningupwithotheractivitiessuchasexercise.”Asimilareffectisseenwithdrugssuchasstatins(抑制素).Whenbloodvesselsopenupmore,bloodflowsmoresmoothlyandislesslikelytoformtheclots(凝块)thatcauseheartattacksandstrokes.“Wearenotsayingtostopyourstatinsornottoexercisebutrathertoaddthistoanoverallprogramofhearthealth,”saidMiller.Miller’steamtested10healthy,non-smokingmenandwomen,whoweretoldtobringtheirfavoritemusic.Theyspenthalfanhourlisteningtotherecordingsandhalfanhourlisteningtomusictheysaidmadethemfeelanxiouswhiletheresearchersdidultrasound(超声波)testsdesignedtoshowbloodvesselfunction.Comparedtotheirnormalbaselinemeasurements,bloodvesseldiameterincreased26%onaveragewhenthevolunteersheardtheirjoyfulmusic.Listeningtomusictheydisliked—inmostcasesinthisgroupheavymetal-bloodvesselsnarrowedby6%,Millersaid.Millersaidhecameupwiththeideaafterdiscoveringthatlaughtercausedbloodtoflowmoresmoothly.“Iaskedmyselfwhatotherthingsmakeusfeelgood,besidescaloriesfromdarkchocolateofcourse.Musiccametomind.Itmakesmefeelreallygood.”hesaid.MostofthevolunteerschosecountrymusicbutMillersaidthestyleisnotsoimportantaswhatpleaseseachindividual4.Theunderlinedword“dilate”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.widen B.move C.change D.increase5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwillNOTcausebloodvesselstoopenup?A.Takingexercise. B.Listeningtounpleasantmusic.C.Burstingintolaughter. D.Takingdrugslikestatins.6.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.bloodclotsarecausedbyheartattacksandstrokesB.musicisbetterthanchocolateforyourhealthCdifferentmusichasdifferenteffectsondifferentpeopleD.aperson’soverallhealthismoreinfluencedbyhowmuchexercisehegets7.Whatisthepassagepossiblytakenfrom?A.Atraveljournal. B.Aschooltextbook.C.Amedicalbrochure. D.Alocalnewspaper.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了研究表明，听喜欢的音乐能促进我们的心脏健康。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词前文“Theyfoundthatwhenpeoplelistenedtotheirfavoritemusic,theirbloodvessels(他们发现，当人们听自己喜欢的音乐时，他们的血管)”及后文“inmuchthesamewayaswhentheyarelaughing,ortakingbloodmedications.(就像他们在笑或服用血液药物时一样)”并结合第四段““Bloodvesseldiameter(直径)improved,”hesaid.“Thevesselopenedupprettysignificantly.Youcanseethevesselsopeningupwithotheractivitiessuchasexercise.”(“血管直径增加了，”他说。“这条血管明显地张开了。你可以看到，通过锻炼等其他活动，血管会张开。”)”可推测，当听喜爱的音乐时，血管就像大笑或者服用药物时一样会扩张，划线词与widen意思相近。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theyfoundthatwhenpeoplelistenedtotheirfavoritemusic,theirbloodvessels(血管)dilatedinmuchthesamewayaswhentheyarelaughing,ortakingbloodmedications(药物治疗).(他们发现，当人们听自己喜欢的音乐时，他们的血管___的方式与他们大笑或服用血液药物时的血管___方式大致相同)”并结合第四段“Thevesselopenedupprettysignificantly.Youcanseethevesselsopeningupwithotheractivitiessuchasexercise.(这条血管明显地张开了。你可以看到血管在运动等其他活动中扩张)”可知，锻炼，听喜欢的音乐，大笑，服用药物都可以使血管扩张，而听不让人愉快的音乐则不会。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Comparedtotheirnormalbaselinemeasurements,bloodvesseldiameterincreased26%onaveragewhenthevolunteersheardtheirjoyfulmusic.Listeningtomusictheydisliked—inmostcasesinthisgroupheavymetal-bloodvesselsnarrowedby6%,Millersaid.(与他们的正常基线测量值相比，当志愿者听到快乐的音乐时，血管直径平均增加了26%。米勒说，听他们不喜欢的音乐——在大多数情况下，这组人的血管收缩了6%)”及最后一段“MostofthevolunteerschosecountrymusicbutMillersaidthestyleisnotsoimportantaswhatpleaseseachindividual.(大多数志愿者选择了乡村音乐，但米勒说，哪种音乐风格并不重要，重要的是让每个人都喜欢什么)”可知，每个人喜欢的音乐不一样，听各自喜欢的音乐会或者不喜欢的音乐会有不同的影响，所以不同的音乐对不同的人有不同的影响。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Songsthatmakeourheartshappycanmakethemstrongertoo,USresearchersreportedonTuesday.(美国研究人员于本周二称，让我们的心快乐的歌曲也能让我们的心脏更强大)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了听喜欢的音乐能促进我们的心脏健康，并非专业医学介绍，因此，它最可能来自当地报纸。故选D。CSometimesyoumeetpeopleinthemostunexpectedplaceswhocanchangeyourlife.WhenMichaelSkinner,astudentattheUniversityofNotreDame,calledforanUberafteraformaleventduringJuniorParentsWeekend,hehadnoideathatthedriverwouldleavealastingimpactonhim.Astheengineeringmajormadeafriendlyconversationwithhisdriver,DougAnderson,theNewJerseynativeaskedhimabouthisfamily.That’swhenAndersonbegantellingSkinnerabouthis11-year-olddaughterToriwhoheandhiswifeadoptedwhenshewasfive.Toriwasbornwithaconditionthatcausedhertohaveonlyhalfapalmandonefingeronherhands.Andersonexplainedtohisempathetic(共情的)passengerthatherhandsmadehisdaughterfeelembarrassedandunhappylookingsodifferentfromherpeers.Wantingtohelptheirchild,heandhiswifespoketodoctorsfromseveralhospitalsaboutgettingtheirdaughterprosthetics(假肢)—onlytohearthatachildquicklyoutgrowstheartificiallimbs,makingthemevenmoreexpensivefortheparents.Withthefamilywelcomingtwootherchildrenwithspecialneeds,theAndersonswereextracarefultowatchtheirspending.ThecircumstancesledAnderson—who’s58—tobecomeanUberdrivertomakesomeextramoneythatalsoallowedhimtointeractwithallkindsofpeople.PeoplelikeSkinner,wholuckilyenough,wasabletohelphisfamily.Ifthereissuchathingasfate,thepair’smeetingwasawelcomechanceencounter.Skinnerworksate-Nable,aninformalstudentengineeringclubthat3D-printedrobotichandsandtheyneededachildtotesttheircreationafterenduringanongoinglagintheirprojects.Toriwastheperfectcandidate.Afterseveralback-and-forthmeetings,Toricanwrite,throwabaseball,andperformmanyotheractsonceconsideredimpossiblethankstohernewhands.AlthoughAndersonnevertookthedrivingjobexpectinganoutcomeasbrightasthis,thefatherfeelsthankfulfatesteppedin.8.HowdidSkinnerknowofTori’scondition?A.Fromastudentengineeringclub.B.FromaconversationwithTori’sfather.C.Fromhisprofessorwhotaughtengineering.D.FromameetingduringJuniorParentsWeekend.9.WhydoesAndersonbecomeanUberdriver?A.Tokilltime.B.Togainsympathy.C.Toearnextramoney.D.Tobefriendsomedoctors.10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethepair’smeeting?A.Coincidental.B.Interesting.C.Regular.D.Scheduled.11.WhatdoesAndersonthinkofthetestresultof3D-printedrobotichandsonhisdaughter?A.Puzzled.B.Doubtful.CDissatisfied.D.Grateful.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了优步司机在一次和乘客的交谈中给他的女儿找到了需要的3D打印手臂。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Astheengineeringmajormadeafriendlyconversationwithhisdriver,DougAnderson,theNewJerseynativeaskedhimabouthisfamily.(当这位工程专业的学生和他的司机DougAnderson友好地交谈时，这位来自新泽西的学生问起了他的家人)”以及第二段“That’swhenAndersonbegantellingSkinnerabouthis11-year-olddaughterToriwhoheandhiswifeadoptedwhenshewasfive.(就在那时，Anderson开始向Skinner讲述他11岁的女儿Tori的故事，Tori是他和妻子在她5岁时收养的)”可知，Skinner通过和Tori的父亲的谈话了解了Tori的情况。。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“ThecircumstancesledAnderson—who’s58—tobecomeanUberdrivertomakesomeextramoneythatalsoallowedhimtointeractwithallkindsofpeople.(这种情况导致58岁的Anderson成为一名优步司机，以赚取一些额外的钱，同时也让他能够与各种各样的人交流)”可知，Anderson成为一名优步司机来赚取额外的钱。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Ifthereissuchathingasfate,thepair’smeetingwasawelcomechanceencounter.(如果真有缘分的话，两人的相遇就是一次受人欢迎的偶遇)”可推知，巧合最能描述两人的会面。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“AlthoughAndersonnevertookthedrivingjobexpectinganoutcomeasbrightasthis,thefatherfeelsthankfulfatesteppedin.(尽管Anderson从未期待过这样光明的结果，但这位父亲对命运的介入感到感激)”可知，Anderson对女儿身上3D打印机械手的测试结果怀有感激之情。故选D。DTheForestEyeprojectaimstocreatethelargestlivingforestfeatureinEnglandbygrowing5,000alder,beechandmapletreesintotheshapeofachild’seye.ThetreesarebeingplantedinDalbyForest,NorthYorkshire,withthehelpoflocalyoungpeople.Thetreeswillformaneye300meterswidethatwillbevisiblefromtheskyinaboutsixyears,whentheyhavegrown.Theprojecthopestofocusontheimportanceofyoungpeople’sideasforcreatingahealthynaturalenvironment.ItwasdesignedbyacompanycalledSandinYourEyeandhasbeencreatedbyForestryEngland,anorganizationthatprotectsforestsandwoodlands.JosephineLavelle,directoratForestryEngland,says,“Havingthegazeofachildgrowingintheheartofthisbeautifulandever-changingforestisapowerfulsymbolofhowweneedtolistenandrespondtotheneedsandvisionoffuturegenerations.”Theprojectalsoaimstohighlighttheimportantrolethatforestsplayinfightingclimatechange.Aswellasprovidingahomeforwildlife,treesabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandcreateoxygenthathumansneedtobreathe.Whenthetreeshavegrown,theywillprovideaplaceforlotsofwildanimals,likebats,birdsandsmallmammalstolive.TheForestEyewillalsocreateaspaceforpeopletoexploreandconnectwithnature.JamieWardley,artisticdirectoratSandinYourEye,hasplentyofexperiencecreatingpiecesof“landart”.Thesearehugedrawingsandsculpturesmadefromgrass,iceandsand,includinga60-meterportraitofSwedishclimate-changecampaignerGretaThunbergonaschoolfieldinYorkshire.Hesays,“Thetreesaremypaint.”“Ourworkisaboutpromptingpeopletothinkdeeplyandrespondemotionallytosomeofthebiggestissuesfacingus,includingtheclimatecrisis.”WardleyalsoplanstodeveloptheForestEyeintoanevenbiggerproject.“Itisourambitiontocreatethewholefaceofayounggirlatthesamescale,measuring2,000metersacross.ThosetreesthatareplantedintheForestEyearetheverybeginningofthis,”hesays.12.Whatcanweknowabouttheproject?A.Itisplantingtreestoformaneye. B.Itisaimedatcreatingartworks.C.Itisproposedbythelocalyouth. D.Itiscarriedoutinthelargestforest.13.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theargumentfortheproject. B.Thebenefitsoftree.C.Thevalueofchildren’sideas. D.Thefightagainstclimatechange.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJamieWardley?A.Ignorant. B.Adventurous. C.Emotional. D.Creative.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthearticle?A.Landartstakeoff B.TreeplantingcatchesonC.Gianteyeplantingkicksoff D.Environmentalgroupsspringup【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国的ForestEye项目，该项目计划在达尔比森林种植5000棵树，形成一个孩子的眼睛的形状，以此来强调年轻人对创造健康自然环境的重要性，同时也突出森林在应对气候变化中的重要作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheForestEyeprojectaimstocreatethelargestlivingforestfeatureinEnglandbygrowing5,000alder,beechandmapletreesintotheshapeofachild’seye.（ForestEye项目的目标是通过种植5000棵桤木、山毛榉和枫树，形成一个孩子的眼睛的形状，创造出英格兰最大的活森林特征。）”可知，该项目正在种植树木以形成一个眼睛的形状，故选A。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Aswellasprovidingahomeforwildlife,treesabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandcreateoxygenthathumansneedtobreathe.（除了为野生动物提供家园外，树木还能吸收大气中的二氧化碳，并产生人类需要呼吸的氧气。）”可知，这一段主要讲述了树木的好处，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“JamieWardley,artisticdirectoratSandinYourEye,hasplentyofexperiencecreatingpiecesof“landart”.（SandinYourEye的艺术总监JamieWardley在创作“土地艺术”方面有丰富的经验。）”可知，JamieWardley是一位富有创造力的人，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TheForestEyeprojectaimstocreatethelargestlivingforestfeatureinEnglandbygrowing5,000alder,beechandmapletreesintotheshapeofachild’seye.（ForestEye项目的目标是通过种植5000棵桤木、山毛榉和枫树，形成一个孩子的眼睛的形状，创造出英格兰最大的活森林特征。）”和最后一段“ThosetreesthatareplantedintheForestEyearetheverybeginningofthis（在“森林之眼”种植的那些树是这一切的开始）”可知，短文的最佳标题为C“巨型植眼开启”切题，故选C。第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighbourhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighbourhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighbourshould.___16___Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighbouristokeepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair.___17___Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighbourhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takeasmallgarbagebag.___18___Thissmallactwillletyourneighboursknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.___19___Ifaneighbourisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighboursuffersfromanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywayandrespecttheprivacyofyourneighbour.___20___Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighbourhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighbourthateveryoneappreciates.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyareaway.B.Agoodneighbouristheonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C.Beingagoodneighbourismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D.Sometimesneighboursmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E.Ifyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.F.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighbourhoodquickly.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.B20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人提出一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighbourhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighbourshould.(当然，你想确保你成为你的邻居的一个可接受的和有价值的一部分。要做到这一点，最简单的方法就是确保自己是一个好邻居。)”和下文中提出的建议可知，空处承上启下，说明要介绍一些成为好邻居的建议。G项：Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighbourhoodquickly.(这里有一些技巧可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信任。)符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighbouristokeepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair.(也许作为一个好邻居，你能做的最重要的事情之一就是保持你的房子整洁、干净、保养得很好。)”可知，本段提出的建议是保持房子整洁、干净、保养得很好，F项中的“keepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.”和上文的“keepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair.”对应。F项：Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.(人们往往会自豪于保持街上的一切清新和引人注目。)符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighbourhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takeasmallgarbagebag.(第二，认真对待社区的整体外观。散步的时候，带上一个小垃圾袋。)”可知，本段建议要认真对待社区的整体外观，E项：Ifyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.(如果你遇到路过的汽车扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。)承接上文，是举例说明拿垃圾袋的作用，符合语境。故选E。【19题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Ifaneighbourisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighboursuffersfromanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywayandrespecttheprivacyofyourneighbour.(如果邻居要出城，就主动提出帮他收邮件和报纸。如果邻居生病了，主动去杂货店买东西。让他们知道你会以任何方式帮助他们，并尊重邻居的隐私。)”可知，本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们，同时尊重邻居的隐私。B项：Agoodneighbouristheonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.(好邻居是喜欢在小事上帮忙的人。)符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据下文“Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighbourhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighbourthateveryoneappreciates.(通过遵守尊重他人的基本规则，照顾好属于你的东西，并为邻居的整体形象感到骄傲，你将很快成为一个每个人都欣赏的好邻居。)”可知，最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他人，照顾好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，我们很快就会成为大家都喜欢的好邻居。C项中“consideratebehavior”是下文内容的概括。C项：Beingagoodneighbourismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.(做一个好邻居或多或少需要体贴的行为。)符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并将答案涂到答题卡上。IfyouspendsometimelivingintheHolland,peoplewilladviseyoutolearntheDutchlanguage(荷兰语).Theybelieveitwillmakeiteasierto___21___peopleandmakefriends,orthatitwillhelpyou___22___whatisgoingonaroundyou.Buttheyare___23___.Thereisonlyonereasonthatreally___24___anditisaveryimportantone...Itissothatyouwillreceivethehaircutyou___25___whenvisitingthehairdressers.“OhmyGod!Whathappenedtoyour___26___?”mywifeasked.“Therewasacommunicationsmishap(小事故).”Ireplied.WhenIhad___27___atthehairdresser’shalfanhourearlier,IhaddecidedtospeakDutch.Myhairhadbeengettingquite___28___butIonlywantedittrimmed(修)alittle!SoItoldmyhairdresserinDutch...___29___thereisabigdifferencebetweensaying,“Ikwilheteenbeetjekorter.”andwhatIhadsaid,“Ikwilhetkort.”Thatisthe____30____betweensaying,“I’dlikeitjustalittlebitshorterplease.”and,“I’dlikeitveryshort.”inEnglish.UnfortunatelyIdidnotrealizethatIhadmadea(n)____31____straightaway.BeforeIfiguredouthowtodealwiththesituationitwastoo____32____.Myhairwasgone.Ihaveabeard(胡子).ThismeantthatInowhadmorehaironmyfacethanIhadonmy____33____.Thatisavery____34____look.Thiswasnotthefirsttimesomethinglikethishadhappened.Ireallyshould____35____myDutch.21.A.meet B.support C.change D.remember22.A.report B.accept C.notice D.understand23.A.easy B.slow C.wrong D.funny24.A.works B.matters C.exists D.helps25.A.want B.design C.find D.see26.A.face B.hair C.eyes D.ears27.A.played B.learned C.spoken D.arrived28.A.dry B.long C.thick D.messy29.A.Unsuccessfully B.Uncertainly C.Unfortunately D.Unusually30.A.choice B.comparison C.relationship D.difference31.A.mistake B.decision C.promise D.offer32.A.late B.soon C.far D.close33.A.hand B.head C.arm D.leg34.A.old B.pretty C.strange D.fashionable35.A.use B.avoid C.share D.improve【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.B25.A26.B27.D28.B29.C30.D31.A32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为语言不通导致理发师给自己剪出了意料不到的发型的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们相信这会使你更容易认识人和结交朋友，或者它会帮助你理解你周围发生了什么。A.meet遇见；B.support支持；C.change改变；D.remember记住。根据上文“IfyouspendsometimelivingintheHolland,peoplewilladviseyoutolearntheDutchlanguage(荷兰语).(如果你在荷兰住一段时间，人们会建议你学习荷兰语)”可知，他们认为学习荷兰语会让你更容易认识人和结交朋友。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们相信这会使你更容易认识人和结交朋友，或者它会帮助你理解你周围发生了什么。A.report报道；B.accept接受；C.notice注意；D.understand理解。it指代上文内容，荷兰人建议你学习荷兰语，因此推断它会有助于你理解周围发生的事情。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们是错误。A.easy容易的；B.slow慢的；C.wrong错误的；D.funny滑稽可笑的。根据下文“Thereisonlyonereasonthatreally___4___anditisaveryimportantone”可知，作者认为学习荷兰语仅有一个理由，因此推断作者认为荷兰人的想法是错误的。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅有一个理由是要紧的，并且它是一个很重要的理由。A.works起作用工作；B.matters要紧；C.exists存在；D.helps帮助。根据下文“itisaveryimportantone”可知，这个理由是要紧的。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是为了让你在拜访理发师时得到你想要的发型。A.want想要；B.design设计；C.find发现；D.see看见。根据上文提到的，学习荷兰语仅有一个重要的理由，结合下文讲述的作者的经历可推断，作者认为学习荷兰语可以让你在理发时得到你想要的发型。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“哦，天哪！你的头发怎么了？“我妻子问。A.face脸；面子；B.hair头发；C.eyes眼睛；D.ears耳朵。根据下文提到的“atthehairdresser’s”可知，作者去理发了，因此推断此处妻子说的是作者的头发怎么了。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我半小时前到达理发店时，我决定说荷兰语。A.played玩耍；B.learned学习；C.spoken讲；D.arrived到达。根据下文“butIonlywantedittrimmed(修)alittle!”可知，作者去理发店理发，arriveat到达，符合语境。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的头发已经长得很长了，但是我仅是想要修一点。A.dry干燥的；B.long长的；C.thick厚的；D.messy凌乱的。根据下文“butIonlywantedittrimmed(修)alittle!”可知，作者的头发长长了，需要修一下。故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此我用荷兰语告诉我的理发师……，不幸的是，说“Ikwilheteenbeetjekorter”和我说的“Ikwilhetkort”有很大的区别。”A.Unsuccessfully不成功地；B.Uncertainly不确定地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Unusually通常。根据下文“thereisabigdifferencebetweensaying,“Ikwilheteenbeetjekorter.”andwhatIhadsaid,“Ikwilhetkort.””可推断，作者说的荷兰语和真正的荷兰语有很大不同，下文提到“Myhairwasgone.”，因此这对于作者来说是不幸的。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那就是用英语说“我想要短一点”和“我想要很短”之间的不同。A.choice选择；B.comparison比较；C.relationship关系；D.difference不同。根据上文的“thereisabigdifferencebetweensaying”可知，此处是举例说明两句荷兰语之间的不同类似英语中的两句话的不同。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸地，我没有立刻意识到我犯的错误。A.mistake错误；B.decision决定；C.promise诺言；D.offer提议。根据上文“thereisabigdifferencebetweensaying,“Ikwilheteenbeetjekorter.”andwhatIhadsaid,“Ikwilhetkort.””可知，作者犯了错误，却没有立刻意识到自己犯的错误。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我想出如何处理这种情况之前，已经太晚了。A.late迟的；晚的；B.soon不久的；C.far离得远的；D.close关闭的。根据下文“Myhairwasgone.”可知，到作者想出办法来之前，头发没有了，因此推断已经太晚了。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我现在脸上的毛发比我头上的多。A.hand手；B.head头；C.arm胳膊；D.leg腿。根据上文“Myhairwasgone.Ihaveabeard(胡子).”可知，作者没有了头发，但是有胡子，因此推断脸上的毛发比头上的多。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是很奇怪的相貌。A.old老的；B.pretty漂亮的；C.strange奇怪的；D.fashionable流行的。根据上文可知，作者头上没有头发，脸上有胡子，因此推断面孔很奇怪。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的应该提高我的荷兰语。A.use使用；B.avoid避免；C.share共享；D.improve提高。根据上文“Thiswasnotthefirsttimesomethinglikethishadhappened.”可知，像上文那样的事情发生了不