天津市滨海学校2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期中试题含解析VIP

PAGE27-天津市滨海学校2024_2025学年高一英语下学期期中试题（含解析）I.听力（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共5小题；每小题l分，满分5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howwillthespeakersgettotheconcert?A.Bybus.B.ByundergroundC.Bycar2Whatdoesthemanthinkofthefood?A.Boring.B.Special.C.Great.3Howmanylongwalksdidthemanhavelastweek?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.4Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’ssister.B.Jane’sjob.C.Acar.5Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inashop.其次节（共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmuchdidthemanpayforthebooks?A.$20.B.$40.C.$80.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.TakethecourseofHistory101.B.Putupsomeadvertisements.C.Sellthebookstothebookstore.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Teachhertousethephone.B.Helpherwithherwork.C.Lendherhisphone.9Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Co-workers.C.Salesmanandcustomer.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthewomanlooktired?A.Shehasexercisedtoomuch.B.Shehasalottodoatwork.C.ShehaswatchedTVlateatnight.11Whatdoesthewomaneatforlunch?A.Nothing.B.Apizza.C.Asandwich.12.Whatdoesthemantellthewomantodo?A.Domoreexercise.B.Worklongerhours.C.Haveagoodmealdaily.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.InwhatwayistheMRIscannerdifferentfromtheX-raymachine?A.Itismuchsafer.B.Itcantakeapicturemoreclearly.C.Itcanshowthesoftpartsofthebody.14.WhatdoweknowabouttheinventionoftheMRIscanner?А.Ittookalongtime.B.Ittookplaceinthe1950s.C.ItsideacamefromtheX-raymachine.15.WhenwerethefirstMRIscannersusedinhospitals?A.In1945.B.In1977.C.1984.II.单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）1.—Youseemtobeinareallygoodmood.—Ifinishedmylasttesttoday.___________!NowI’mfree.A.Whatapity B.Whatarelief C.I’vegotit D.I’vemissedthepoint【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你看起来心情很好。——我今日完成了最终一次考试。我终于松了一口气!现在我自由了。A.Whatapity真缺憾；B.Whatarelief终于松了一口气；C.I’vegotit我明白了；D.I’vemissedthepoint我错过了重点。依据“Ifinishedmylasttesttoday.”可知，完成最终一场考试后最终松了一口气。故选B。2.Astherulesays,everystudentremainseateduntiltheirpapersarecollected.A.can B.mayC.shall D.will【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：正如规则所说，每个学生都必需坐着直到他们的试卷被收集起来。shall可用于其次/第三人称陈述句中,表示警告/许诺/吩咐/威逼/规定等语气。此处表示规定，故选C。【点睛】Shall用法归纳1.shouldhavedonesth/shouldnothavedonesth表责怪语气。2.should可用来表示推想。3.shall可用于第一/第三人称疑问句中,表示恳求许可。4.shall可用于其次/第三人称陈述句中,表示警告/许诺/吩咐/威逼/规定等语气。5.表将来时时,should是shall的过去式。6.should可以表示劝说,建议语气,"应当/应当"。7.should可以用在虚拟语气中,有时可以省略;有时不行以省略,表示"万一"。8.should可以表示"尽然/竟然",有不信任/惊愕的含义。3.Allchildrenshouldgetaccesstoahigh-qualityeducation_______theirraceorfamilyincome.A.dependingon B.regardlessof C.dueto D.apartfrom【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：无论哪个种族或家庭收入如何，全部儿童都应获得高质量的教化。A.dependingon依靠；B.regardlessof不管，不顾；C.dueto由于，因为；D.apartfrom除……之外。结合句意的须要和短语的意思可知，运用regardlessof是正确的，即不管属于哪个种族的人或者家庭收入如何，儿童都应获得高质量的教化。故选B项。4.You____________havescoldedhimforhispoorperformance.Afterall,hehaddonehisbest.A.must B.should C.mustn’t D.shouldn't【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+havedone。句意：你本不应当因为他表现不好而责骂他。终归，他已经尽力了。依据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是shouldn'thavedone指做了本不该做的事，musthavedone表示对过去发生的事情的确定性推想；shouldhavedone表示应当做某事而事实上未做；mustn’t不和havedone连用。故选D。【点睛】musthavedone表示对过去事情的确定推想，指“确定做过某事”，该结构只用于确定句：1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚确定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人说话，确定是发疯了。shouldhavedone意思是“原来应当做某事，而实际没做。”shouldn'thavedone表示原来不应当做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意.1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆,你太懒散了,这项工作原来应当昨天就做完的。2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'thavebeensoharshonhim.看，汤姆哭了，我原来不应当对他如此严厉。本题是shouldn'thavedone的用法。5.Wedomorningexerciseeveryday,fromwhichwe______alot.A.strengthen B.gain C.award D.benefit【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析句意：我们每天晨练，从中获益非浅。A.strengthen加强；B.gain赢得；C.award奖赏；D.benefit受益。benefitfrom从……中受益，结合句意可知，这里我从晨练中受益。故选D项。6.Hestillremembers_____toShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.A.taking B.beingtaken C.taken D.havingtaken【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他仍旧记得在他很小时候被带到上海。“记得曾经做过某事”是rememberdoing，句中主语He和动词take是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故选B。7.Modernwomenareenergetic,ambitious,andmostofall,persistent_________theirgoal.A.inpursuitof B.inreturnfor C.intouchwith D.incontrastto【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：现代女性充溢活力、有理想，最重要的是坚持追求她们的目标。A.inpursuitof追求；B.inreturnfor作为……回报；C.intouchwith保持联系；D.incontrastto与……对比显明。依据句意可知，此处用inpursuitof“追求”符合语境，故选A项。8.Bobhasnever________andweallhavetoworkhardertomakeupforhislaziness.A.letoffsteam B.takenabreath C.pulledhisweight D.settleddown【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍勃从来没有完成自己的那份工作，我们全部人都必需加倍努力以弥补他的懒散。A.letoffsteam发泄怒火，宣泄情感；B.takenabreath吸气；C.pulledhisweight完成他自己的工作；D.settleddown定居，安家，安静下来。结合句意的须要及短语的意思可知，运用习惯用语pulledone’s(own)weight：完成自己的那份工作，即C项pulledhisweight正确。故选C项。9.---Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.---Imeant________,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere.A.todo B.toC.doing D.doingit【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你离开之前本应当向她道谢的。我原来准备(这样做的)，但是我离开时到处都找不到她。依据“butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere”可知，meantodosth“准备做某事”，符合句意。答语承前省略了(thankher)，保留动词不定式符号to，故选B。10.ThefilmMyPeople,Mycountrywasagreatsuccess,______hugeaudiences.A.attracts B.attracting C.attracted D.toattract【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：电影《我和我的祖国》获得了巨大的胜利，吸引了大批观众。句中已有谓语动词，空处用非谓语动词。句中主语Thefilm和动词attract是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故选B。11.ItwasthefirsttimeinmylifethatI______thewonderfulscene.A.saw B.hadseen C.haveseen D.see【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：这是我有生以来，第一次看到这么漂亮的景色。This/That/Itis/was＋the＋序数词＋名词＋从句(从句中的时态要用完成时态；如前为is，则用现在完成时，如为was则用过去完成时)，故选B。12.Thedoctorwill_____yourweightandthengivesomesuggestions.A.takeintoaccount B.contributeto C.dependon D.breakdown【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：医生会考虑您的体重，然后提出一些建议。A.takeintoaccount考虑到；B.contributeto促进，导致；C.dependon依靠；D.breakdown出故障，（人）身体垮掉。医生通过考虑人的体重因素，从而提出一些有益健康的建议，因此选择takeintoaccount正确。故选A项。13.Dina,__________formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.struggling B.struggled C.havingstruggled D.tostruggle【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Dina作为一个服务员努力的找寻了几个月的工作，最终在一家广告公司谋到了一职位。句子的主语Dina与struggle之间为主动，另外struggleformonths发生在tookaposition之前，所以应为havingstruggled。故选C项。14.Asthe_______reporter,Mikewasinterviewingthegoldmedalwinners.A.chief B.royal C.major D.entire【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：作为首席记者，迈克正在采访金牌获得者。A.chief首席的，主要的；B.royal皇家的，名贵的；C.major主要的，重要的；D.entire全部的，完全的。依据采访金牌获得者可知迈克是首席记者，故选A。15.(2024·天津)Ican'tfindmypurse.I___________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure.A.shouldleave B.musthaveleftC.mightleave D.couldhaveleft【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推想。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。依据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推想，故用情态动词+havedone，再依据后句butI’mnotsure.可知，此推想为不能确定的推想，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。【点睛】情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点。本题抓住两点：第一、时态。依据句中时间状语可以推断出是对过去事情的推想，故用情态动词+havedone；假如是对现在事情的推想，才用情态动词+v原形。其次、情态动词的选择。must为确定推想，表示“确定”，could为不愿定推想，表示“可能”，这样就能选出正确答案。16.（2024·浙江）Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof________hasbeenproved.A.whom B.whichC.what D.that【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明白。分析句子可知，先行词是theories，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作of的宾语。故选B。【名师点睛】对定语从句的考查主要是关系词的辨析，关系代词that,which,whose,whom,as,who在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；where,why,when在从句中分别作地点状语、缘由状语和时间状语。要分析定语从句的结构，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。假如是“代词+of+关系代词”，留意先行词指人时用whom，先行词指物时用which。17.Heisashyman,________heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.A.so B.butC.or D.as【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：他是一个羞涩的人，但是他并不胆怯 任何事和任何人。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.as作为。依据句意，前后句表示转折，因此选择but。故选B。【点睛】本题考查连词中在句子中的应用，做题时要分析前后句中所用的连词表示的是什么关系，看语境中前后句子的关系是转折还是并列，所以做好此类题先了解连词的意思，再了解句子中的意思。18.Greatamountsofwastewater__________pouredintotheriverfromthefactoriestwoyearsago.A.was B.were C.hasbeen D.hadbeen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一样。句意：两年前，工厂将大量废水排入河中。依据twoyearsago可知，句子运用一般过去时。...amountsof修饰不行数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，即谓语动词与amounts保持数的一样。故选B项。19.Hesawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohad________towelcomehim.A.turnedout B.turneddown C.turnedoff D.turnedleft【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他看到了数百名学生兴致勃勃地欢迎他。A.turnedout（以某种方式）发生，最终是，结果是；B.turneddown拒绝，调低；C.turnedoff关闭；D.turnedleft向左转。结合句意的须要及短语的意思可知，最终孩子们兴奋地出来欢迎他。故选A项。20.—Sorry,Liz.IthinkIwasabitrudetoyou.—______,butdon’tdothatagain!A.Goahead B.ForgetitC.Itdepends D.Withpleasure【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——对不起，Liz。我想刚才我对你有点粗鲁。——算了吧，不过不要再那样做了。A.Goahead好吧，行啊；B.Forgetit算了吧，不必在意；C.Itdepends那还得看状况了；D.Withpleasure乐意效劳。依据“butdon’tdothatagain!”可知，让对方不要放在心上。选B。III.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）Igotoffthecollegeshuttlebusandstartedwalking.That'swhenIheardpianomusicandsinging___21___abovethenoiseofthepeopleandthetraffic.Iwalkedalittle___22___soIcouldfindoutwhereitwascomingfrom.ThroughthecrowdIsawayoungladysittingatapianowitha___23___nexttoher.Shewassingingsongsaboutlove,keepingontrying.Thewayshewassinging___24___meabit.Istoodtherewatchingher___25___foraboutfifteenminutes,thinkingthatitmusttake___26___toperformonherowninthemiddleofa___27___NewYorkferryterminal.SoIstoodtherelistening.Shemusthavefeltmy___28___becauseshewould___29___lookinmydirection.Havingenjoyedhermusicforseveralminutes,Iwalkedoverandputsomemoneyinhercarriageandshesaid,“Thankyou.”____30____continuingmywayhome,Isaidtoher,“Ihavebeengoing____31____atoughtimelately,butyou'vemademehopefulagain.”“I'mhappythatIcouldhelp,”shereplied.“Whyareyousosad?”“Well,mymumtoldmeshehadgot____32____fromherjob,andthatmademesad.I'mnotsosurewhattodo...”“Yousee,here’stheproblem.”Sheexplained.“Whenwalking,yourheadwasdown.Don'tlookdefeated,because____33____comesindifferentwaysandifyourheadisdownyoumightneverseeit.Youshouldsmilemore...liftyourheadup.”Ismiledweakly,amazedby____34____shewasencouragingme.So,Iaskedherwhyshewasplayingthepianointhemiddleofacrowdedplace.Sheexplainedtomethatsheseesalotof____35____peopleintheworldandshetriesto____36____thepainandbringmorepositivitybysharing____37____music.Shetoldmethatwhenshewasn'tmakingmusicshestudied____38____.So,thatwashowsheknewsomeofthethingsshewastellingme.Ismiledalittle____39____becauseIknewthatshewasdoingagoodthing.Afterthatweparted,myhearttouchedand____40____byamusicalsoul!21.A.lifting B.rising C.sounding D.discovering22.A.faster B.calmer C.slower D.easier23.A.cap B.referencebook C.carriage D.note24.A.informed B.comforted C.discouraged D.cured25.A.play B.sit C.participate D.concentrate26.A.time B.kindness C.fortune D.courage27.A.big B.brilliant C.modern D.crowded28.A.sense B.presence C.pleasure D.fault29.A.rarely B.occasionally C.eventually D.carefully30.A.Insteadof B.Inspiteof C.Inharmonywith D.Onaccountof31.A.on B.out C.through D.along32.A.stolen B.employed C.fired D.lost33.A.opportunity B.incident C.music D.friendship34.A.who B.when C.what D.how35.A.negative B.common C.positive D.extraordinary36.A.relieve B.infect C.devote D.suffer37.A.light B.motivational C.depressing D.reliable38.A.biology B.psychology C.biography D.geography39.A.wider B.longer C.better D.tenser40.A.shaken B.intended C.appreciated D.lightened【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.B25.A26.D27.D28.B29.B30.A31.C32.C33.A34.D35.A36.A37.B38.B39.A40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者由于妈妈失去了工作而懊丧，在嘈杂的噪音中听到了一位女士的钢琴声和歌声，通过和女士交谈得知她用激励人心的音乐来减轻消极人的苦痛，给他们带来更多的主动和希望。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我听到钢琴音乐和歌声盖过了人群和交通的噪音。A.lifting举起，抬起；B.rising上升，提高；C.sounding发声，回响；D.discovering发觉。依据情境可知是钢琴音乐和歌声提高，超过了人群和交通的噪音。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走慢了一点，为了能知道它是从哪里来的。A.faster更快；B.calmer更安静；C.slower更慢；D.easier更简洁。作者被钢琴声和歌声吸引，所以放慢脚步，找寻音乐发出的地方。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过人群，我望见一位年轻的女士坐在钢琴旁，旁边有一辆马车。A.cap盖，帽子；B.referencebook参考书，工具书；C.carriage马车；D.note笔记，注解。依据下文putsomemoneyinhercarriage可知答案，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唱歌的样子给了我一点劝慰。A.informed通知，告知；B.comforted劝慰，使舒适；C.discouraged使泄气；D.cured治愈。依据下文Istoodtherewatchingher___5___foraboutfifteenminutes和butyou'vemademehopefulagain.可知琴声和歌声给了作者劝慰，故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里看了大约15分钟，心想在拥挤的纽约轮渡码头中心独自表演确定须要志气。A.play演奏；B.sit坐，位于；C.participate参与，参与；D.concentrate集中，聚精会神。此处指作者看女士弹钢琴唱歌，下文Iaskedherwhyshewasplayingthepiano也给了提示，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里看了大约15分钟，心想在拥挤的纽约轮渡码头中心独自表演确定须要志气。A.time时间；B.kindness慈爱，好意；C.fortune财宝，运气；D.courage志气。女士独自由嘈杂的人群里演奏，说明她很有志气，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里看了大约15分钟，心想在拥挤的纽约轮渡码头中心独自表演确定须要志气。A.big大的，重要的；B.brilliant绚丽的，杰出的；C.modern现代的；D.crowded拥挤的。依据上文thenoiseofthepeopleandthetraffic和下文Iaskedherwhyshewasplayingthepianointhemiddleofacrowdedplace.可知女士在嘈杂拥挤的人群中表演，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她确定感觉到了我的存在，因为她间或会朝我的方向看一眼。A.sense感觉；B.presence出席，存在；C.pleasure欢乐；D.fault错误，缺点。依据上文Istoodtherewatchingher___5___foraboutfifteenminutes,和下文Havingenjoyedhermusicforseveralminutes可知作者在女士旁边观赏她表演，故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她确定感觉到了我的存在，因为她间或会朝我的方向看一眼。A.rarely很少地；B.occasionally间或，间或；C.eventually最终，最终；D.carefully当心地。因为女士在演奏，依据情境可知她间或看一下四周，故选B。【30题详解】考查介词短语。句意：我没有回家，而是对她说:“最近我正经验一段艰难的日子，但你让我再次充溢希望。”A.Insteadof代替，而不是；B.Inspiteof尽管，不管；C.Inharmonywith与……协调，与……一样；D.Onaccountof因为，由于。依据下文作者和女士起先闲聊可知，作者没有急着回家，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我没有回家，而是对她说:“最近我正经验一段艰难的日子，但你让我再次充溢希望。”goon接着；goout出去，熄灭；gothrough经验，度过；goalong进行，前进。此处指作者正经验一段艰难的日子，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈告知我她被解雇了，这让我很难受。A.stolen偷；B.employed雇用；C.fired点燃，射击，解雇；D.lost失去，迷失。依据fromherjob和mademesad.可知是妈妈被解雇，作者很懊丧。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要看起来很懊丧，因为机会会以不同的方式出现，假如你低着头，你可能恒久看不到它。A.opportunity机会；B.incident事务，事变；C.music音乐；D.friendship友情。结合语境和四个选项可知是女士激励作者要擅长发觉机会，故选A。【34题详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：我微微一笑，对她激励我的方式感到惊异。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少方式状语，结合上文女士激励作者抬头走路的例子，故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她向我说明说，她在这个世界上看到很多消极的人，她试图通过共享激励人心的音乐来减轻他们的苦痛，给他们带来更多的主动。A.negative消极的，否定的；B.common一般的，通常的；C.positive主动的，确定的；D.extraordinary非凡的，特殊的。依据bringmorepositivity可知是指消极的人，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向我说明说，她在这个世界上看到很多消极的人，她试图通过共享激励人心的音乐来减轻他们的苦痛，给他们带来更多的主动。A.relieve解除，减轻；B.infect感染，传染；C.devote致力于，奉献；D.suffer遭遇，忍受。此处指女士用激励人心的音乐来减轻消极者的苦痛，故选A。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她向我说明说，她在这个世界上看到很多消极的人，她试图通过共享激励人心的音乐来减轻他们的苦痛，给他们带来更多的主动。A.light光明的，轻松的；B.motivational动机的，激发性的；C.depressing压抑的，使人懊丧的；D.reliable牢靠的，可信任的。依据bringmorepositivity可知是用激励人心的音乐激励消极的人，故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告知我，当她没做音乐的时候，她学的是心理学。A.biology生物，生物学；B.psychology心理学；C.biography传记，自传；D.geography地理。依据女士给作者所举例子和用音乐激励消极者可知，女士懂心理学。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我笑得更快乐了，因为我知道她在做一件好事。A.wider更宽；B.longer更长；C.better更好；D.tenser更惊慌。与上文Ismiledweakly对比，作者听完女士的激励后，变得快乐了。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们分手后，我的心被一个音乐的灵魂感动和照亮!A.shaken动摇，摇动；B.intended准备，想要；C.appreciated观赏，感谢，意识到；D.lightened减轻，照亮。作者被女士鼓舞，内心被照亮。故选D。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要依据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题3依据下文putsomemoneyinhercarriage可知答案，故选carriage。小题4依据下文Istoodtherewatchingher___5___foraboutfifteenminutes和butyou'vemademehopefulagain.可知琴声和歌声给了作者劝慰，故选comforted。小题5此处指作者看女士弹钢琴唱歌，下文Iaskedherwhyshewasplayingthepiano也给了提示，故选play。小题7依据上文thenoiseofthepeopleandthetraffic和下文Iaskedherwhyshewasplayingthepianointhemiddleofacrowdedplace.可知女士在嘈杂拥挤的人群中表演，故选crowded。IV.阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）AFirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers(灭火器).Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsorfiresafetyintheresidencehall.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual(手动的）firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith(胡乱摆布）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing:·TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.·Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.·Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector:·Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（闪动），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.·Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.·Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.41.Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A.Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.B.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D.Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.42.Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A.Pipesandsmokedetectors.B.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C.Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D.Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations43.Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould________.A.rushquicklytoaliftB.gatheratthenearestexit.C.shutthedoorandleaveatonceD.waitforinstructionsinthehall44.Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A.Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C.Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.45.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould_________.A.contactthehallstaffregularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasilyCstartthesmokedetectorinafireD.makecertaintheredlightisworking【答案】41.C42.B43.C44.A45.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的运用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。【41题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers(灭火器).可知，专职消防人员主要职责是检查、测试和维护全部的校内建筑物防火装备。故选C。【42题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章FireAlarms中的句子Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.可知，火灾自动报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷头组成。故选B。【43题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章FireDrills中的句子TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.和Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并马上从最近的紧急出口离开。故选C。【44题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章FireExtinguishers中的句子Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。故选A。【45题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章SmokeDetector中的句子Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（闪动），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.可知，烟雾探测器是否平安运行，看红灯是否闪动。故选D。点睛：文章内容较为简洁，集中考查细微环节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中快速找寻这一细微环节找到后再把这一部分内容细致阅读一遍，细致比较所给选项与文中细微环节的微小区分。如小题3中C选择项中leaveatonce与文中的Exitimmediately表达的同一个意思；小题4中考生要理解文中fines（罚款）是A选择项中punishment（惩处）的一种，这些都考生须要比较它们之间的微小区分。BThatcoldJanuarynight,IwasgrowingsickofmylifeinSanFrancisco.ThereIwas,walkinghomeatoneinthemorningafteratiringpracticeatthetheater.Withopeningnightonlyaweekaway,Iwasstilllearningmylines.Iwashavingtroubledealingwithmypart-timejobatthebankandmyactingatnightatthesametime.AsIwalked,IthoughtseriouslyaboutgivingupbothactingandSanFrancisco.Citylifehadbecometoomuchforme.AsIwalkeddownemptystreetsundertallbuildings,Ifeltverysmallandcold.Ibeganrunning,bothtokeepwarmandtokeepawayanypossiblerobbers(抢劫犯).Veryfewpeoplewerestilloutexceptafewsad-lookinghomelesspeopleunderblankets.Aboutablockfrommyapartment,Iheardasoundbehindme.Iturnedquickly,halfexpectingtoseesomeonewithaknifeoragun.Thestreetwasempty.AllIsawwasashiningstreetlight.Still,thenoisehadmademenervous,soIstartedtorunfaster.NotuntilIreachedmyapartmentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidIrealizewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmywalletfallingtothesidewalk.SuddenlyIwasn’tcoldortiredanymore.IranoutofthedoorandbacktowhereI’dheardthenoise.AlthoughIsearchedthesidewalkanxiouslyforfifteenminutes,mywalletwasnowheretobefound.JustasIwasabouttogiveupthesearch,Iheardthegarbagetruck(垃圾车)pulluptothesidewalknexttome.Whenavoicecalledfromtheinside,“AlisaCamacho?”IthoughtIwasdreaming.Howcouldthismanknowmyname?Thedooropened,andoutjumpedasmallred-hairedmanwithanamusedlookinhiseyes.“Isthiswhatyou’relookingfor?”heasked,holdingupasmallsquareshape.Itwasnearly3a.m.bythetimeIgotintobed.Iwouldn’tgetmuchsleepthatnight,butIhadgotmywalletback.Ialsohadgotbacksomeenjoymentofcitylife.Irealizedthatthecitycouldn’tbeabadplaceaslongaspeoplewerewillingtohelpeachother.46.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenshewaswalkinghomeafterwork?A.Coldandsick. B.Luckyandhopeful.C.Satisfiedandcheerful. D.Disappointedandhelpless.47.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthatthewriterwasbusy_____.A.solvingherproblematthebankB.takingpartinvariouscityactivitiesC.learningactinginaneveningschoolD.preparingforthefirstnightshow48.Onherwayhomethewriter_____.A.lostherwalletunknowinglyB.wasstoppedbyagarbagetruckdriverC.wasrobbedofherwalletbyamanwithaknifeD.foundsomehomelesspeoplefollowingher49.Inthefifthparagraph,whydidthewritersayshewasdreaming?A.Someoneofferedtotakeherbackhome.B.Ared-hairedmancametoseeher.C.Sheheardsomeonecallhername.D.Herwalletwasfoundinagarbagetruck.50.Fromthetext,wecaninferthatthewriter_____.A.wouldstopworkingatnightB.wouldstayoninSanFranciscoC.wouldmakefriendswithcleanersD.wouldgiveupherjobatthebank【答案】46.D47.D48.A49.C50.B【解析】本文主子公由于不能适应城市节奏而悲观灰心正准备离开城市时，无意丢失钱包，恰被好心人拾得并归还，从而让她有了在城市生活下去的信念。本文情节起伏不大，但大转折的结尾好像出乎意料又在情理之中。【46题详解】推理推断题。依据首段作者想放弃演戏甚至城市生活的消极心态说明我走在大街上的心情，用disappointed形容正确。其次段中的高楼和空寂的大街衬托出我的渺小和无助，因此用helpless形容也很正确。结尾垃圾工拾到我的钱包主动还给我使我对生活有了新的相识，用helpeachother衬托出作者起先时的helpless。故选D。【47题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段Withopeningnightonlyaweekaway,Iwasstilllearningmylines.Iwashavingtroubledealingwithmypart-timejobatthebankandmyactingatnightatthesametime.可知，离开幕式只有一周了，我还在学习台词。作者是她在为第一个夜场演出做准备。故选D。【48题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段的Still,thenoisehadmademenervous,soIstartedtorunfaster.NotuntilIreachedmyapartmentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidIrealizewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmywalletfallingtothesidewalk.可知，作者在回家的路上不知不觉地丢了钱包。故选A。【49题详解】细微环节理解题。从第五段的句子Whenavoicecalledfromtheinside,“AlisaCamacho?”IthoughtIwasdreaming.可知，听见有人叫他的名字，作者以为在做梦。故选C。【50题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段Ialsohadgotbacksomeenjoymentofcitylife.Irealizedthatthecitycouldn'tbeabadplaceaslongaspeoplewerewillingtohelpeachother.可知，我意识到只要人们情愿相互帮助，这个城市就不会是个坏地方。因此推想作者可能会接着留在旧金山。故选B。C＂DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamlastFriday?＂LindseywhisperstoTori.Withhereyesshining,Toribrags,＂YoubetIdid.Seantoldmetwodaysago.＂WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout?Itjusthappenstobeyourstruly,AdamFreedman.Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis(a)notniceand(b)noteventrue.Still,LindseyandToriaren’tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool,includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip(闲谈).Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip:itcanhurtpeople,itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction,anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usuallygossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups,troubleathome,evendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.Themoreembarrassingorshamefulthesecretis,thejuicierthegossipitmakes.Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless,butcruelliescancausepain.Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful,thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?Theanswerliesinanothereffectofgossip:thesatisfactionitgivesus.Sharingthelatestrumor(传言)canmakeapersonfeelimportantbecauseheorsheknowssomethingthatothersdon’t.Similarly,hearingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeellikepartofthe＂ingroup.＂Inotherwords,gossipissatisfyingbecauseitgivespeopleasenseofbelongingorevensuperiority(优越感).Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect:itstrengthensunwritten,unspokenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.ProfessorDavidWilsonexplainsthatgossipisimportantinpolicingbehaviorsinagroup.Translatedintohighschoolterms,thismeansthatifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid,thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.Thedo’sanddon’tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.Theeffectsofgossipvarydependingonthesituation.Thenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetospreadthelatestnews,thinkaboutwhyyouwanttogossipandwhateffectsyour＂juicystory＂mighthave.51.Theauthorusesaconversationatthebeginningofthepassageto__________.A.introduceatopic B.presentanargumentC.describethecharacters D.clarifyhiswritingpurpose52.Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatit_________.A.breaksuprelationships B.embarrassesthelistenerC.spreadsinformationaround D.causesunpleasantexperiences53.Intheauthor