（中考英语语法）语法专题十四 状语从句【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）

（中考英语语法）语法专题十四状语从句【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）（中考英语语法）语法专题十四状语从句【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）/（中考英语语法）语法专题十四状语从句【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）语法专题十四、状语从句(必考)考点考点精讲一个句子做整句话的状语,这个句子就叫做状语从句.状语从句根据从句在整句中表示的含义不同又可细分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句等.接下来我们重点复习几类状语从句.一、时间状语从句定义和特征英语里如果用从句来表达一件事情或者一个动作发生的时间,那么这个从句就叫时间状语从句.时间状语从句通常由when,while,as,before,after,since,assoonas,till/until等词引导.【特征】含有时间状语从句的复合句,如果主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来.(主将从现)(2021·全国·单元测试)—Daddy,whenwillwegoouttoflyakite?—Assoonastherain_____．A.isstopping B.stopped C.willstop D.stops几种常见时间状语从句.when引导：when表示"当……时候”.既可表示在某一时间点发生的事,又可表示在某一时间段发生的事.主句与从句描述的动作或事情可以是同时发生,也可以先后发生.WhenIgothome,Ifoundmybabygirlsinginginthelivingroom.当我到家时,我发现我的小女儿正在客厅里唱歌.ThingsweredifferentwhenIwasachild.我小时候情况与现在不同.【注意】when从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是短暂性动词.while引导：while表示"当……时候;在……期间”.强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间发生.MymomcameinwhileIwaswatchingTV.我正在看电视的时候,妈妈进来了.Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.我们要趁热打铁.【注意】由于while从句表示一个持续的行为,所以while所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性动词或者状态动词,且持续性动词常用进行时态.before引导：before表示"在……之前”.主句动作发生在从句动作之前,主先后从.Turnoffthelightsbeforeyougotobed.睡觉前要关灯.(主先关灯后从睡觉)Shewasateacherbeforeshefoundedhercompany.她在创立公司之前是个老师.(主先老师后从老板)after引导：after表示"在……之后”.主句动作发生在从句动作之后,即主后从先.Iwilltellyouaftertheyleave.他们走了之后,我再告诉你.Afteryoufinishyourhomework,showittome．你写完作业之后,拿给我看.5.assoonas引导："一……就……”强调动作紧密相连,主句动作紧接从句动作发生.IwillcallyouassoonasarriveinShanghai.我一到了上海就给你打电话.Assoonasshemeetsherteacher,shewillaskmanyquestions.她一见到老师就会问许多问题.(2020·江苏省扬州市·期中考试)LucyhasgonetoLondon.HowcanIgetintouchwithher?

​​​​​​​Don’tworry.Shewillphoneyouassoonasshe_______there.A.willget B.get C.gets D.getting6.用until引导："直到……”,表示动作或状态一直持续到某一时刻.Iwatchedhimuntilhedisappearedinthedistance.我看着他直到他消失在远方.【拓展】这类句型的主句动词通常只能是延续性动词,不能是终止性动词.但是,在否定句中,主句的谓语动词可以是短暂性动词,构成not…until…句式,意为"直到……才……”,not否定主句,until后面的从句是肯定句.Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhiswork.他直到忙完工作才睡觉.(字面意思：他不去睡觉直到他完成工作)Shedidn’tmarryuntilshewasoverforty.她直到四十多岁才结婚.(字面意思：她没结婚直到她四十多岁.)(2021·安徽省阜阳市·单元测试)—Excuseme.Isitmyturnnow?—Notyet.Pleasewaithere________yournameiscalled.A.and B.until C.although D.since7.用since引导：since表示"自从……以来”=1\*GB3①这类句子的主句通常用现在完成时,since后面的从句通常用一般过去时.Wehaveknowneachothersincewewerechildren.我们从小认识.They’vemovedtwicesincetheygotmarried.他们结婚后已搬了两次家.=2\*GB3②但是,当主句表示一段时间时,主句用一般现在时.如：It’salongtimesincewemetlast.好久没见面了.二、原因状语从句原因状语从句就是表示主句行为原因的从句.引导原因状语从句的常见连词有because(因为),since(由于,既然),as(由于,鉴于),for(因为),等.初中阶段最常考的就是because引导的原因状语从句,其他几种了解即可.【辨析】because从句和becauseof短语because是连词,后面引导原因状语从句.becauseof是介词短语,后面接名词、代词、动名词(V-ing).because从句和becauseof有时候可以转换.Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.=Hecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.他没来因为他生病了.(2022·全国·期中考试)—Whywashelate,Tom?—He

was

late

_______he

was

ill,

not_______the

bad

weather.

A.because,

because

of B.

because

of

,

because

C.because,

because D.

because

of

,

because

of【辨析】because,since,as和for的区别这四个连词表示原因时,从语气上由强到弱依次为：because>since>as>for.=1\*GB3①because"因为”,表示直接原因,语气最强,常用来回答why引导的特殊疑问句,一般放在主句之后,也可单独使用.because从句位于句首时要用逗号分开,位于句未时可不用逗号.Whyareyoulateforschooltoday?你今天为什么上学迟到了?BecauseImetatrafficaccident.因为我遇到了一场交通事故.【注意】because和so不能同时出现在同一个复合句中,只能二选一.IdoitbecauseIlikeit.我做这个事情,因为我喜欢.IlikeitsoIdoit.(因为)我喜欢,所以我做这个事情.=2\*GB3②since"因为;既然”.since引导的原因状语从句一般放在主句之前,表示显然的或已知的理由.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sgetstarted.既然大家都到了,就让我们开始吧.【温故知新】since"自从”引导的时间状语从句,常用于现在完成时,不赘述.③as意为"由于,鉴于”.as从句表示双方已知的原因,类似since,语气比since弱些,比较正式.Asyouaretired,let’stakearest.鉴于你太累了,就让我们休息吧.=4\*GB3④for意为"由于,因为”,for引导的是并列句,表示原因.不说明主句动作发生的直接原因,只提供些辅助性的补充说明.for引导的分句不放在句首,只能位于主句之后,并且for分句前常有逗号.Hemaybeill,forheisabsenttoday.他可能病了,因为他今天缺勤不在.三、结果状语从句结果状语从句是补充说明主句动作发生的结果.引导原因状语从句的常见连词有so(所以),so…that…和such…that…(如此……以致),以及sothat(结果).【辨析】so…that…和such…that…(两种结构都意为"如此……以致……”)so后面修饰的核心词是形容词或副词,such后面修饰的核心词是名词.常见句型结构有：so＋形容词/副词＋that+从句;such＋(a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋that+从句so＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋that+从句【注意】当名词前面有many,much,few,little修饰时,则用"so”,不用"such”.Itwassohotthatweallwantedtogoswimming.天气太热以致我们都想去游泳.Heissuchagoodstudentthateveryonelikeshim.=他是如此好的学生以致大家都喜欢他.Heissogoodastudentthateveryonelikeshim.他是如此好的一个学生以致大家都喜欢他.(2022·广东省·单元测试)Heis________boythathecansolvetheproblemeasily.A.suchaclever B.suchclevera C.soaclever D.soclever(2018·黑龙江省绥化市·期中考试)—WhynotlistentoBBCnewstoimproveyourlisteningskills?

—It's________difficult________Ican'tfollowit.A.such;that B.so;that C.too;to D.so;to四、目的状语从句目的状语从句就是用以补充说明谓语动词发生的目的.引导目的状语从句的常用连词有sothat(以便,为了)和inorderthat(为了).【注意】目的状语从句中通常含有表示可能或能够的情态动词can,could,may,might,will,would等.sothat引导目的状语从句时,意为"以便,为了”,"以便”更常见.Hegotupveryearlysothathewouldcatchthefirstbus.他早起床以便能赶上第一班公交.【拓展】sothat引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句的区别.sothat既可以引导目的状语从句,也可以引导结果状语从句.区别如下：=1\*GB3①意思不一样.sothat引导目的状语从句时,意为"以便,为了”;sothat引导结果状语从句时,意为"结果,所以”.=2\*GB3②结构不一样.sothat引导的目的状语从句里常带有表示可能或能够的情态动词can,could,may,might,will,would等.sothat引导的结果状语从句则没有情态动词,且sothat前常有逗号.例如：Hedidn’tworkhardlastterm,sothathefailedthefinalexam.他上学期没努力学习,结果他期末考试不及格.(结果状语从句)Heworksveryhardthistermsothathewillgotothebestseniorhighschoolnextyear.他这学期学习非常努力,为了明年他可以考上最好的高中.(目的状语从句)inorderthat引导目的状语从句时,意为"为了”,目的更直接些.也可以与sothat句型互换.Hegotupveryearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.他早起床是为了能够赶上第一班公交.Hegotupveryearlyinorderthathewouldcatchthefirstbus.他早起床以便能赶上第一班公交.【注意】inorderthat句型有时候可以与inordertodo结构互换.Hegotupveryearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.他早起床为了赶上第一班公交.(2021·江苏省·月考试卷)Heworkshard________hecangetgoodgradesinseniorhighentranceexamination.A.because B.eventhough C.sothat D.inorderto五、让步状语从句什么是让步状语从句让步状语从句是状语从句的一种,一般翻译为"尽管/即使……”,顾名思义就是"让一步说、退一步说”.初中阶段最常考的是though/although引导的让步状语从句.引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑问词,疑问词+ever,as,while,whether…or…,regardlessof+名词/名词短语/名词从句,despite,inspiteof.初中阶段遇到的让步状语从句有though/although,eventhough/if,nomatter+疑问词,疑问词+ever.Whatever(Nomatterwhat)happens,shenevergivesup.无论发生什么事,她(邓亚萍)都不放弃.Eventhough(evenif)allofthephotosareexcellent,wearesorrytosaythatwecannotgiveprizestoeveryone.尽管所有照片都很棒,我们只能遗憾地说不能给每个人奖项.although/though让步状语从句although/though表示"虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,一般情况下可以互换.although比though更正式,语气更强.两词在句中位置可前可后.Icanlookaftermyself,althoughitwon’tbeeasyforme.我能照顾自己,尽管这对我来说不容易.Although/thoughhewasverytired,he(still)keptonworking.虽然/尽管他很累,他仍然还坚持工作.【注意】切记although,though不可与but连用,但可以与still和yet连用.(2021·全国·单元测试)________thetrafficwasheavy,________wegottotherailwaystationontime.A.Although;but B.Though;but C.Although;/ D.But;though六、条件状语从句什么是if条件状语从句(概念梳理)条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件的一种状语从句.和大多数状语从句一样,掌握条件状语从句最重要的依然是掌握连词.条件状语从句的常用连词有：if,unless(除非),aslongas(只要),onlyif(只有),incasethat,onconditionthat等.初中阶段要求必须掌握的是if引导的条件状语从句.if是引导条件状语从句最常用的连词,意为"如果”.从句主句Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.如果你努力学习,你就会通过这个考试.主句动作：youwillpasstheexam前提条件：youstudyhard(完整句子做状语,表示主句动作发生的条件)然后还需要用if这个连词来引导这个条件状语从句.所以,if条件状语从句就是if引导的状语从句在复合句中作条件状语.if条件状语从句的位置if引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后.if从句在主句前时常用逗号隔开,在主句后通常不用逗号隔开.IfyouevergotoLondon,makesureyouvisittheScienceMuseum.=MakesureyouvisittheScienceMuseumifyouevergotoLondon.如果你去伦敦,一定要确保去参观科学博物馆.if条件状语从句的用法和时态(1)"if条件状语从句+祈使句”这种结构可用来表达建议或意见.此时主句是祈使句(动词原形开头),if条件状语从句用一般现在时,即"主祈从现”.Ifyoudon’tfeelwell,gotoseethedoctorplease.如果你感觉不舒服,就去看医生.(2)if条件状语从句可以表示在某种条件下,某事很可能会发生.此时主句通常用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,即"主将从现”.IfIstartafterdinner,I’llfinishitbeforeIgotobed.如果饭后做作业,我睡觉前就能完成.(2021·重庆市市辖区·月考试卷)Ifit_______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.A.isn’train B.don’train C.doesn’train D.won’train(3)主句含有情态动词can,may,must,should,从句用一般现在时表将来,即"主情从现”.Shemaycomewithusifshearrivesintime.如果她及时到了,她可能会和我们一起去.(4)【拓展】如果if条件状语从句不是表达将来会发生的事情,则不需要用一般现在时表将来.主句和从句的时态均按照动作发生的实际情况采用不同时态.Ifyouarelookingforaperfectpresent,thisistherightplaceforyou.如果你正在寻找一件完美礼物,这就是你要来的地方.(5)【拓展】if引导的条件状语从句还可以表示一种虚拟的条件或假设,即从句表示的条件是不会实现或根本不可能成立,是一种"虚拟语气”.此时从句用一般过去时(如果是be动词,一律用were),主句可用过去将来时.高中阶段会学习更多if条件从句虚拟语气的情况.IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tdoitlikethat.("我是你”这个条件是不可能实现的)如果我是你,我是不会那么做的.【拓展】if还可以引导宾语从句,意为"是否”,常和"whether”互换.if引导宾语从句时的时态问题遵循普通宾语从句的时态原则.主句是现在时,从句的时态根据实际需要,该用什么时态用什么时态Hesayshewon’tbelateagain.他说他再也不会迟到.主句是过去时,从句用相应的过去时态Hesaidhewouldcomeontimetomorrow.他说他明天会按时到.如果宾语从句是客观事实或真理、定理、法则等,即使主句用过去时,从句也用一般现在时.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoongoesaroundtheearth.我们老师告诉我们月亮围绕地球转.(宾语从句的时态三原则)Idon’tknowifhewillcometomorrow.我不知道他明天是否会来.Iwonderwhether/ifyoucanhelpme.我想知道你能否帮我.【注意】下列情况只能用whether：=1\*GB3①在动词不定式前只能用whether.Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.②后有ornot时只能用whether.Iwanttoknowwhetherit’strueornot.③在介词后,只能用whether.Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherhewilllosehiswork.④宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether.Whetherthisistrueornot,Ireallydon’tknow.⑤用if发生歧义时,只用whether.Couldyoutellmewhetheryouknowtheanswer?【易考易错点】if(是否)引导宾语从句&if(如果)引导条件状语从句的时态问题(2022·贵州省铜仁市·模拟题)Iwanttoknowifhe______tomorrow,ifhe______,pleasecallmeintime.A.willcome;

comes B.comes;

willcome

C.comes;

comes D.willcome;willcome考点精练考点精练中考语法—状语从句专项练习(共计50小题,每小题2分,总分100分.)1.He'snotaperfectchild.Hesometimestalksback_____hisparentstalkwithhim.A.if B.before C.when D.until2.—Wouldyoupleasegivethisnewly-publishednoveltoJack?​​​​​​​—Certainly._______hecomesback.A.Before B.Assoonas C.Until D.Unless3.Tomake

your

DIY

work

perfect,you'd

better

not

start______you

get

​​​all

the

tools

ready.A.when B.while C.before D.after4.—Where

was

your

dad

at

this

time

last

night?—He

was

talking

with

my

uncle______

I

was

looking

forsome

information

on

the

Internet．A.after B.until C.since D.while5.______Iwalkaroundinthissmalltown,whatIseemakesmethinkofmychildhood.A.Whatever B.Wherever C.WhoeverD.However6.Manypeoplelikepandas

​​​​​​​theyarecute.A.though B.if C.while D.because7.IdonˈtlikeSunCinema________ithasbadservice.A.because B.although C.unless D.until8.—What

shall

we

do

now?—_______it's

raining

hard,let's

stay

at

home.A.So B.Since C.Though D.If9.We

must

get

up

early______we

can

catch

the

first

bus

to

school.A.so

that B.such

that C.in

order

to D.in

order10.Everyday,hegetsupearly______hecancatchthefirstbus.A.because B.since C.when D.so

that11.Lilywas_________hungry_________sheatethreehamburgersinonego．A.too;to B.so;that C.enough;thatD.such;that12.Jimisalwayssobusy

​hehaslittletimeforhisfamily.A.if B.until C.that D.which13.PrinceGeorgeis______lovelythatmanypeoplelikehimverymuch.A.very B.such C.as D.so14.At

last,

Amy

grew

____

tired

____

she

fell

asleep．A.as;as B.such;

thatC.so;

that D.not

only;

but

also15.______youlookafteritcarefully,thiscoatwillkeepyouwarmthroughmanywinters.A.If B.Unless C.Before D.So16.Thenursewon'tleaveherpatients

she'ssuretheyarealltakengoodcareof.A.unless B.because C.since D.if17.—The

air

pollution

is

terrible.—It

will

be

worse

______

we

take

action

to

protect

the

environment.A.if B.unless C.until D.when18.Learningtowriteislearningtothink.Youdon’tknowthingsclearly_______youcanwritethemdown.A.unless B.if C.since D.whether19.Yourdreamwillcometrue_______youputyourheartandsoulintoit．A.if B.unless C.although D.until20.______Mike

didn't

win

the

race,he

was

still

wearing

a

smile

on

his

face.A.If B.Since C.Although D.Because21."Awhiteelephant"meanssomethingthatisuseless,______itmaycosta

lotofmoney.A.unless B.until C.since D.although22.______Mr.SmithhaslearnedChineseforonlyhalfayear,hecanspeakitverywell.A.But B.So C.Although D.And23._______sheis3yearsold,________shecandressherself.A.Though;but B.Because;so C.Though;/ D.Because;/24.

​​​​​​​Simonhasdonewellinhisstudies,

hestillworksreallyhard.A.Since B.If C.Although D.Unless25.______itwasrainingheavily,thepolicemenwerestillworkingontheroads.A.If B.Because C.Although D.Until26.Sheislisteningtomusic

heisdoinghishomework．A.after B.before C.whileD.then27.Ilikethisdressbetter,butitcostsalmosttwice_________thatone．A.aslessas B.asmuchas C.asmoreasD.aslongas28.My

parents

are

always

worried

about

what

will

happen

if

I

．A.succeeded B.won't

succeed C.will

fail D.fail29.OnJune29,2012,China'sShenzhou-9spacecraftlanded

atthemainlandingareainnorthernChina'sInnerMongolia(内蒙古)．A.safe B.safely C.safetyD.safetyly30.I

didn't

go

surfing

______

it

was

too

cold．A.though B.so

that C.becauseD.evenif31.

itisoftencoldinthemountains,youneedtowearwarmclothes.A.Though B.Unless C.As D.Until32.Zootopia,thecartoon,ispopular

therearemanylovelyanimalsinit．A.though B.because C.if D.becauseof33.Shedressedup

everyonemightnoticeher．A.inorderto B.inorderthat C.althoughD.but34.Ourheadmasterasksustowatchnewseveryday______wecanfindoutwhat'sgoingonaroundtheworld.A.so

that B.even

though C.in

order

to D.instead

of35.Maryshutthewindowjustnow______shecouldkeeptheinsectsout.A.so

that B.when C.till D.after36.Weshouldtakecareoftheearth________wecanmakeabetterworldtolivein.A.sothat B.until C.evenif D.while37.Thedoctorswere

busy

​​​​​​​

theyhadnotimetorest.A.such;that B.so;that C.too;toD.to;too38.She

was

so

angry

at

_______

he

was

doing

_______

she

walked

out

without

a

word．A.what;

that B.that;