Unit 4NaturalDisasters ReadingandThinking(分层作业)(原卷版)高一英语

Unit4ReadingandThinking习题检测基础达标一、根据所给汉语提示填空1．Itisthe(智慧)oftheChinesepeoplethatmakesChinamoreandmorepowerful.2．Whilereading,you’dbetterguessthemeaningofanewwordfromthe(语境).3．Theflowerswill(复活)inwater.4．Wemovedintoasmallroomwith(电)butnorunningwater.5．Twopassengersarestill(困住)inthewreck.6．Whenpassingbyanoldflat,hewashurtbyafalling(砖)．7．Afterthebigfire,thehouselayin(废墟)8．Intimesofdisaster,peoplemust.(团结)9．Hehithisheadagainsta(金属)bar.10．Thepany’smarketshareis48(百分比)inthemarketplace.二、用单词的适当形式完成句子11．Thenoiseoutsideishardtoputup.12．Shortlyaftersufferingamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.13．Theliftbrokedownandwe(trap)inside.14．Yesterdayaheavyrain(ruin)ourpicnic.15．WhatIknowisthatalmost1,000peoplelosttheirlivesinthefloodslastyear.It’sreally(shock).16．Wehadgreatdifficultyin(breathe),fortheairwasthinatthetopofthehill.17．Itwastheoldman’s(wise)thathelpedsolvetheproblem.18．Thestreamhasfrozenup;youcanseethefish(trap)intheice.19．(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping.20．Childhoodmemoriescamebacktomesoclearly,asiftheevents(happen)onlyyesterday.21．Thereportshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbutthatweneedtomakegreater(effort)．22．(bury)undertheruins,theyoungmanwasrather(frighten).23．Beforediscovering(electric),peoplereliedonfireasasourceoflight.24．Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorseriouslyinjuredinthetsunami(reach)morethan4,000sofar.25．The(smell)waterisn’tusableuntilthechemicalsandwastesareremovedfromit.三、完成句子26．Whatshedidopenedthedoorforthechildreninthesmallvillage.她的所作所为，为这个小乡村里的孩子们打开了智慧的大门。27．如果有机会的话，我会竭尽全力把它做好。Ifthereisachance,I’lldoitwell.28．船员们安全获救了。Thecrewsafeandsound.29．Thewar,soeveryonebecamemorepositiveaboutlife.这场战争快要结束了，所以每个人都变得对生活更乐观了。30．玛丽埋头于她的毕业论文，没有时间做兼职工作。(一句多译)①inhergraduationpaper，Maryhasnotimetodoaparttimejob.②herselfinhergraduationpaper，Maryhasnotimetodoaparttimejob.③Becauseshehergraduationpaper，Maryhasnotimetodoaparttimejob.31．数以千计的孩子失去了父母。(句型公式：leavesb＋宾语补足语)教材原句：Thousandsofchildrenwere.32．鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食;狗拒绝进入屋内。(句型公式：too＋形容词＋to...太……而不能……)教材原句：Chickensandevenpigswere,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.33．如果你把每一天都当作生命的最后一天来过，总有一天你会发现自己是对的。Ifyouliveeachdayitwereyourlastday,somedayyou’llfindyouareright.34．假如能够知道我们会做什么，那么没有一只黑熊会愿意落入圈套。Nobear,ifitknewwhatwedo,would.35．男孩低着头站在那儿，好像被老师批评了。Theboystoodtherewithhisheadbent.能力提升四、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子takechargeof，inruins，makeup，attendto，eout，belikelyto,makeanannouncement，becrowdedwith36．Theexpertswarnedthatthesesymptomscontinuewellintothefuture.37．Asweallknow,HongKong,MacaoandninecitiesofGuangdongtheGuangdong—HongKongMacaoGreaterBayArea.38．Therestaurantcustomersatmealtimes.39．IamafraidIcan'tjoinyouinthegame,forIhavesomethingimportantto.40．Tobehonest,myfirstnovelwhenIwasstillatcollege.41．OnJuly28,1976,anearthquakestruckTangshan.Withinminutes,thecitystood,withalotofbuildingsleftdamaged.42．Thepilotthattherewouldbeaslightdelaybeforelanding.43．Mr.Hallonceworkedasaneditorandthebusinesspartofthepaper.拓展延伸五、阅读理解AEarthquakesareanaturaldisaster—exceptwhenthey’remanmade.Theoilandgasindustryhasforcefullyusedthetechniqueknownashydraulicfracturing(水力压裂)todestroysubsurfacerockandfreetheoilandgashidingthere.Buttheprocessresultsinlargeamountsofchemicalfilledwastewater.Horizontaldrilling(水平钻探)foroilcanalsoproducealargeamountofnatural,unwantedsaltwater.Theindustrydealswiththiswastewaterbypumpingitintodeepwells.Previously,theUSGeologicalSurveypublishedforthefirsttimeanearthquakedisastermapcoveringbothnaturaland“induced”quakes.ThemapandareportshowedthatpartsofthecentralUnitedStateswerefacingagroundshakingdisasterequaltothefamouslyunstableterrain(地形)ofCalifornia.Some7millionpeoplelivedinplaceseasilyattackedbythesemanmadequakes,andalmostalltheriskofincreasingmanmadequakeswastiedtopaniesthatwerepumpingwastewaterfromoilandgasproductiondeepintotheearth,theUSGSreported.ThelistofplacesathighestriskofmanmadeearthquakesincludedOklahoma,Kansas,Texas,Arkansas,Colorado,NewMexico,OhioandAlabama.Mostoftheseearthquakeswererelativelysmall,intherangeofmagnitude3,butsomeweremorepowerful,includingamagnitude5.6earthquakein2011inOklahomathatwasconnectedtowastewaterfilling.Scientistssaidtheydidnotknowiftherewasanupperlimitonthemagnitudeofmanmadeearthquakes;thiswasanareaofactiveresearch.Oklahomahadhadprehistoricearthquakesaspowerfulasmagnitude7.It’snotimmediatelyclearwhetherthisresearchwillchangeindustrypractices,orevenwhetheritwillsurpriseanyoneintheareasofnewlyestimateddanger.InOklahoma,forexample,therateofearthquakeswasonlyoneortwoayear,buttherehavebeenhundredssincehydraulicfracturingandhorizontaldrilling,withwastewaterfilling,becamemoninthelastyears.44．Whatcancausemanmadeearthquakes?A．Themanmadewastewaterinthefactories.B．Theprocessofdiggingdeepwellsinthosepoorareas.C．Theoilandgasindustry’sworktoharvesttheoilandgas.D．Thewayusedbytheoilandgasindustrytodealwithwastewater.45．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“induced”inparagraph2?A．Manmade. B．Reduced. C．Newlybuilt. D．Controlled.46．What’sthehighestmagnitudeofmanmadeearthquakesaccordingtothescientists?A．Magnitude3. B．Magnitude5.6. C．Magnitude7. D．Noconclusion.47．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．NaturalEarthquakesinAmericaAreDisappearingNowB．About7MillionAmericansatRiskofManMadeEarthquakesC．TimefortheOilandGasIndustrytoChangeItsWorkingPracticesD．EarthquakesasPowerfulasMagnitude7HappenMoreOfteninAmericaBIfthecrust（外壳）oftheearthwerenotprettysolid（坚固的）,itwouldbeshakingandmovingupanddownfrequently.However,thereareplacesintherocksoftheearth’scrustwhereitisn’tstronglyheldtogether—wherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults,onerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks,sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSinFranciscoearthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty（财产）damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915,incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.48．Thefirstparagraphmainlytells