Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandthinking课件高中英语选择性（完整版）

【版本：人教册别：选择性必修二】UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS

ReadingandThinking:

UnderstandthequestioningmindLearningObjectivesFindoutthestagesofscientificresearchinthispassage.LearnaboutJohnSnow’sresearchprocessExpressyourideaonthegiventopicthroughcreativethinkingcontentsPre-readingⅠLanguagePointsⅤWhilereadingⅡHomeworkⅢⅣPost-readingⅠPre-readingBesidescoronavirus冠状病毒,whatotherkindsofepidemics（流行病）haveyouheardof?bird-flu（禽流感）malaria（疟疾）plague（鼠疫）Ebola(埃博拉)VideoTime:Howmuchdoyouknowaboutcholera?Whatarethesymptoms(症状)ofCholera？Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.dehydration(缺水)severevomiting(呕吐)diarrhea(腹泻)Manyyearsago,thecholeraintheworldkilledmillionsofpeople.Peoplewereveryafraidofit,buttheydidn'tknowwhattodo.Luckily,ayoungdoctordecidedtofindouthowtopreventandtreatthedisease.Finally,thedoctorwonthebattle.

JohnSnowWhatwillbetalkedaboutfromthetitle?JohnSnow

Defeats“KingCholera”Who?How?What?Stagesinscientificresearch

DrawaconclusionCollectdataAskaquestion

Findaproblem

Analysetheresults

Findsupportingevidence

ThinkofamethodⅡWhilereadingReadthewholetextquicklyandmatchthemainideas.Para.1Para.2Para.4Para.5JohnSnowdesiredtodestroycholera.JohnSnowdecidedtoprovethesecondtheory.Snowbeganhisstudybymarkingonthemap.Truthoftheinfectionofcholera.Snow'scontributions.Para.3过去常常做某事在19世纪早期死于

最终；及时逐渐成为

照顾；照料最终的；彻底的生育allatonce

突然；同时atonce 立刻，马上onceandagain 一而再，再三CholeraJohnSnowIt'soneof______________________intheworld,becauseitcauses_______________________________._____________________(when),anoutbreakofcholerahit________milionsofpeople____________________.JohnSnowbecame___________becausenooneknew_____________________________.However,hehadadesireto______________onceandforall.themostfeareddiseasesseverediarrhoeaanddehydrationIntheearly19thcenturyEuropediedfromthediseasefrustratedhowtopreventortreatcholeraafamousdoctorattendedtodestroycholeraResearch

backgroundIngeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.一般来说如此…以致于决定弄清楚同意，赞成TwocontradictorytheoriesTheoryone:causedby________Theorytwo:causedby_______SymptomsSymptomscoughsneezerunnynoselungdiarrhoeadehydration✔badairgermsSnowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Para.2FindaproblemPara.2AskaquestionWhatdidJohnSnowinvestigatewhenanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854?Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.AmapofBroadStreet-”CholeraMap”WhatmethoddidSnowuse?AmapofBroadStreet-”CholeraMap”Whichhouseshadmorethan4deathsinBroadStreet?WhichhouseshadnodeathinBroadStreet?Multipledeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.Hesuspectedthatthewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.

Thinkofamethod&Collectdata&AnaysetheresultsFindsupportingevidence&DrawaconclusionPumpwatercarriedthecholeragerms.TwodeathsPlacePersonEventInanotherpartofLondonAwomanandherdaughterDiedofcholerabecauseofdrinkingthewaterdeliveredfromthepumpRemovethehandleofthepumpThediseasewasstopped.Para.3A:Itwasbelievedthatcholerawascausedbybad____orgermsin_______________.B:Snow___________________theplaces

wherethepeoplewho_____hadlivedC:Manydeathsoccurrednearthe___________inBroadStreet.Somepeople__________drunkthewaterfromthepump,andlived.AwomanandherdaughterdiedinanotherpartofLondonafter________________________.D:Thepumpwatercarried____________.conclusionevidenceE:The_______ofthepumpwasremoved.processsolutionhandletheoriesairfoodorwatermarkedonthediedwaterpumphadn’tdrinkingwatercholeragermsconclusionevidenceprocesssolutiontheoriesmapfromthepump【

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】2.WhatcontributionsdidJohnSnowmake?TheFatherofModernEpidemiology1.WhatcausedtheoutbreakofcholerainLondonin1854?Para.4-5TruthHowtopreventthecholera?Para.4-5Howtopreventthecholera?Topreventcholerafromspreading,we'dbetter

drinkpureorboiledwaterandeatcleanfood.Para.4-5Post-readingⅢFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.

Intheearly19thcentury,anoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,_______(cause)millionsofdeaths.Seeingthis,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhow_________(prevent)ortreatcholera.Atthattime,doctorshadtwotheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onewasthatbadaircausedthediseaseandanotherwasthatcholerawascausedbygermsinfoodorwater.Johndiscoveredthatintwoparticularstreet_____choleraoutbreakwas____severethatover500peoplediedintendays.Throughhisserious____________(investigate),hefounditwasthepumpwaterinBroadStreet_______resultedinthedisease.Therefore,hehadthehandleofthepump________(remove).causingtopreventthesoinvestigationthatremovedFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.hadbeeninfectedthat/inwhichaAsadoctor,hehelpedusto____________________.Asascientist,hefoundout_________________________.EvaluationofJohnSnowwhatcausedcholerapreventcholeraWhatqualitiesdoyouthinkJohnSnowhas?Tosetoutanewscientificideathroughascientificresearch,whatqualitiesdoyouthinkarethethreemostimportantonesthattheresearchershouldbeequippedwith?Andgiveyourreasonsinbrief.hard-workinglazypatientedgy(急躁的)sympatheticwisedevotedselfishhonestreliablecalmstubborngenerousresponsiblemeticulous(缜密的)handsomecarefuldeterminedGroup-workingHumanprogressonepidemicresearchLanguagePointsⅣ1oneofthemostfeareddiseases2becomefrustrated3attendtosb4losedesiretodosth5onceandforall6ingeneral7twocontradictorytheories最可怕的疾病之一变得沮丧照顾某人失去做某事的欲望一劳永逸一般说来两种截然不同的看法Importantphrases(P2)8aninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater9subscribetothesecondtheory10intwoparticularstreets11bedeterminedtofindoutwhy12beginbymarkingtheexactplaces13multipledeathsnearthewaterpump食物或水中细菌的感染赞同第二种看法在两条特别的街道上下决心找出原因从标记确切的位置开始水泵附近多人死亡Importantphrases(P2)14suspectthatthewaterpumpistoblame15what’smore/moreover16haveitdeliveredtoherhouse17asaresultoftheevidence18havethehandleremoved19rawwaste怀疑是水泵造成的而且让人把它送到她家由于这个证据拆掉把手未经处理的废弃物Importantphrases(P2-P3)until引导____________从句，how引导_______从句。时间状语宾语Ididn’tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.until表示“直到……为止”，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，主句为肯定句；not…until表示“直到……才”，主句的谓语动词为短暂性动词，主句为否定句。Importantsentences(P2~P3)

在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。

(Para.1,Line1)notuntil用于强调句型中要强调until后面的部分：①需要把until部分提前

②还要把not一起提前Itwasn’tuntil……that＋句子的其余部分Importantsentences(P2~P3)Itwasn’tuntilhefinishedhishomeworkthathewenttobed.(改为一般疑问句)Wasitnotuntilhefinishedhishomeworkthathewenttobed?notuntil用于一般疑问句型中强调句的一般疑问句形式：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that＋句子的其余部分Importantsentences(P2~P3)1.Thestudentsdidn’tstoptalkinguntiltheteachercamein.2.Thesportsmeetwillnotbehelduntilnextweek.→____________nextweek_____thesportsmeetbeheld.Notuntilwillnotuntil用于倒装结构→Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.Importantsentences(P2~P3)1.直到比赛开始他才来到。

He____________________thegamehadbegun.2.如果很多人都说一部电影不好，我不会去看，或者我会一直等

到DVD版出来才看。

Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon’tbothertoseeit,

or

Iwill_________________________________.3.直到约翰进入大学之后，他才意识到时间的重要性。(倒装)

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

didn’tarriveuntilNotuntilJohnwenttocollegedidherealizetheimportanceoftime.即学即练Importantsentences(P2~P3)2.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreak

wassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.他发现霍乱疫情在两条街道上尤为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。

(Para.2,Line5)so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句。3.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuch

thatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.

该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水

运到家里来。

(Para.3,Line14)Importantsentences(P2~P3)1.Itrainedsoheavilythatwehadtostayathome.2.Thequestionissodifficultthatwecannotworkitout.3.Itissobusyadaythatwedon’tgoswimming.ObserveandFind

主语+实义动词+so+副词+that从句

主语+系动词+so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句Importantsentences(P2~P3)4.IhavemadesomanymistakesthatImuststayathometoreflectonthem.5.Whatapity!Wehavegotsolittlemoneythatwecannoteatatrestaurants.6.TheshirtcostsomuchthatIdidnotwanttotakeit.

主语+谓语+so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句

主语+谓语+so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句

主语+谓语+so+many(much,few,little)+that从句ObserveandFindImportantsentences(P2~P3)so...that用于倒装结构→The

speaker

was

so

nervous

that

his

legs

were

trembling.即学即练这个演讲者如此紧张，以至于双腿发抖。（翻译）→Sonervouswasthespeakerthathis

legs

were

trembling.Im