四川省蓉城名校联盟2025届高三英语第二次联考试题含解析

PAGE27-四川省蓉城名校联盟2025届高三英语其次次联考试题（含解析）留意事项：1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写淸楚，考生考试条形码由监考老师粘贴在答题卡上的“条形码粘贴处”。2.选择题运用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再填涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡的对应区域内作答，超出答题区域答题的答案无效；在草搞纸上、试卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后由监考老师将答题卡收回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.HowwillthemangotoNewYork?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Byplane.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablycakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookstore.3.Whatisthetimenow?A.9:55.B.10:05.C.5.00.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Oldfriends.C.Neighbors.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Japaneseisthemostdifficulttolearn.B.Hedoesn'tlikelearninglanguages.C.Alanguageisnoteasytolearn.其次节（共l5小题；每小题l.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.WhatdoesthewomanwantMiketodo?A.Takesomemedicine.B.Seehereverysixweeks.C.Goonadiet.7.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Mike’splan.B.Mike'sweightproblem.C.Mike'sfavoritesport.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttotelltheman?A.Shehasfoundanapartment.B.Shehasfoundanewjob.C.Shehasfoundaroommate.9.Whydoesthewomanwanttoshareanapartmentwithanotherperson?A.Shedoesn'tliketolivealone.B.Therentistoohigh.C.It'sdifficulttofindanapartment.10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutwhatthewomanhasdone?A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.C.Puzzled.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。1l.HowdoesJennyfeelaboutMike'scooking?A.Sheispleasedthathecandoit.B.Shethinksthathecandoitwell.C.Shedoubtswhetherhecandoitwell.12HowoftendoesMikecookdinner?A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Severaltimesaweek.13.WhoisSteve?A.Mike'sfriend.B.Mike'sbrother.C.Mike'sfather.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Sellingusedbooks.B.Buyingusedbooks.C.Lookingforusedbooks.15.WhatisthebookToday’sWorldabout?A.Math.B.Science.C.Writing.16.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthebooksshewantstobuy?A.21dollars.B.27dollars.C.34dollars.17.Whydoesn'tthewomanwanttobuytheotherbooks?A.Shethinkstheyareexpensive.B.Sheknowstheyareoldbooks.C.Sheisafraidtheymightnotbeneeded.听下面一段对话，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.WhomisWalnutHillopento?A.FamousartistsintheUSA.B.Studentsfromsecondaryschools.C.Artstudentsaroundtheworld.19.WhatareyouexpectedtodoatWalnutHill?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoaperformance.C.Workasanartteacher.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker?A.ToinviteyoutostudyinWalnutHill.B.TointroduceartistsinWalnutHill.C.TotellaboutthehistoryofWalnutHill.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGeorge:Ourcapitalcitysumsupourculture.London'sskylineisjustlyfamousforthedifferentbuildingsthatcanbeseensuchasthePostOfficeTower,the“Gherkin”andtheTowerofLondon,tonamejustafew.Finally,thereisBigBenandtheHouseofParliamentwherethegovernmentisbased.Englanddoeshaveamonarchy(君主)butitisreallythegovernmentthatisinpower.Londonisparticularlygreaton5thNovemberwhenwecelebrateGuyFawkesNight.Thiswasthenightin1605whenGuyFawkestriedtoblowuptheParliament.OnthatnighteveryyeartheskyaroundLondonisfulloffireworks.Yoshi:Becauseourcountryisagroupofislands,mostofourfoodcomesfromtheseaandweareparticularlyfamousforourrawfish.Noodlesandricearealsoimportant.Japanesefoodhaschangedverylittlethroughtheages.Forexample,itisstillconsideredcorrecttoeatwithchopsticksinsteadofaknifeandafork.Itisalsoexpectedthatbeforewestaffeatingwesay“itadakimasu”.Weevensayittoourselveswhenwearealone.Englishpeoplecanfindthisstrangewheneatingwithus.Thereisnotranslationreally,thebestbeing“Ishallreceive”,butthatdoesn'tmeanmuchIsuppose.Helen:TheIslesofScillyisnotreallyadifferentcountrybutitcertainlyhasadifferentwayoflifeandthatlifeiscontrolledbytheworldaroundus.Ourislandsarenotveryinviting.Theyareveryrockywithlotsofhillsandvalleysanditisalmostimpossibletogetawayfromthesea.Itisalsovery,verywindyherebecauseitistheplacewheretheAtlanticbegins.However,itisalsoverybeautifulandthesummersaregreat.OntheIslesofScillywebelieveinlivingclosetonature.Westillliveaquitetraditionallifeontheislandandwetakegreatcaretopreservethenaturalcharacteroftheislands.1.Theauthorwritesthepassageto.A.providetouristinformation B.introducevariousculturesC.attractmorestudentsfromoverseas D.explainsomehistoricalevents2.WhathappenedinLondonin1605?A.GuyFawkessetofffireworksinparliament.B.PeoplebegantocelebrateGuyFawkesNight.C.TheParliamentnarrowlyescapedbeingexploded.D.TheskyaroundLondonwasfulloffireworkson5thNovember.3.YoshitellsaboutJapaneseculturemainlythroughtheir.A.food B.architectureC.climate D.religion4.WhatdoesHelensayabouttheIslesofScilly?A.Itisrichinnaturalresources.B.Peoplethereliketoinvitevisitorstotheirhomes.C.Ithasquiteafewscenicspots.D.Peoplethereenjoylivingclosetothenature.【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章中作者主要通过三个不同国家的人，描述他们自己国家的文化，来介绍世界上的多种不同文化。【1题详解】推理推断题。通读文章可知，George主要讲解并描述伦敦城市文化；Yoshi主要讲解并描述日本食物文化；Helen主要讲解并描述锡利群岛上人们喜爱亲近大自然的生活方式。可推想出，作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍多种不同的文化。B.introducevariouscultures(介绍多种文化)符合题意。故选B项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中Londonisparticularlygreaton5thNovemberwhenwecelebrateGuyFawkesNight.Thiswasthenightin1605whenGuyFawkestriedtoblowuptheParliament.(伦敦在11月5日庆祝GuyFawkesNight时特殊好。在1605年的晚上GuyFawkes试图炸毁议会)可知，GuyFawkes只是试图炸了议会，但是并没有炸胜利。C.TheParliamentnarrowlyescapedbeingexploded.(议会险些被炸毁)符合题意。故选C项。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中Becauseourcountryisagroupofislands,mostofourfoodcomesfromtheseaandweareparticularlyfamousforourrawfish.Noodlesandricearealsoimportant.Japanesefoodhaschangedverylittlethroughtheages.(因为我们的国家是一群岛屿，大部分的食物来自海洋，我们尤其以我们的生鱼著名。面条和米饭也很重要。这些年来日本食物变更不大)可知，Yoshi通过食物来讲解并描述日本文化。故选A项。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。OntheIslesofScillywebelieveinlivingclosetonature.Westillliveaquitetraditionallifeontheislandandwetakegreatcaretopreservethenaturalcharacteroftheislands.(在IslesofScilly群岛上，我们信任亲近大自然。我们仍旧在岛上过着特别传统的生活，我们特别留意爱护岛屿的自然特征)可知，当地人们喜爱岛上的大自然生活。D.Peoplethereenjoylivingclosetothenature.(人们喜爱亲近大自然的生活)符合题意。故选D项。BRussiahasannouncedthatitisdevelopingaspecializedwashingmachineforastronautstouseinspace.Theannouncementcamefromamissile,spaceshipandspacestationmanufacturerRKK.Normalwashingmachinesrequiregravitytofunction,nottomentionsignificantamountsofwaterthathastobestoredsomewhereandincreasesweight—theyarenotsuitableforspacemissions(任务).Thismeansthatastronautscannotwashtheirclothesandeitherhavetopackenoughfortheirwholetriporrelyoncostlyresupplymissionsandthrowuseditemsintospace.Crewmemberstakingpartinlong-termmissionsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)oftenendupwearingthesamegarmentsforseveralcontinuousdaysandjustchangeintonewoneswhentheygetdirty.Asidefromthisissue,wearingdirtyclothescanbeuncomfortablefortheastronautsandcouldalsoprovideperfectconditionsfordangerousbacteriatogrowandspread.RKKhaspreviouslyoutlinedplansforaspacewashingmachineinaRussianspaceindustryjournalpaperpublishedin2024.Inthepaper,theauthorsestimated(估计)that1,450poundsofclothesaresurprisinglytransportedtotheISSeveryyeartocovertherequirementsofjustthreeastronauts.Andthisquantitycouldincreasetothreetonsforatwo-yearvoyagetoMarsinvolvingsixcrewmembersandcouldincreasethecostsandcomplexityofamission.TheRussianscientistssaidthat,insteadofwater,thewashingmachinewouldusethecarbondioxideproducedbytheastronauts’breathinginthespaceship.Specialtechnologywouldthenturnthegasintoaliquidunderhighpressureinordertocleantheclothes.TheRussiandesignsarenotthefirstproposalsforaspacewashingmachine.NASAhaspreviouslymadeamodelofalow-power,low-waterwashingdevice(设备)whichwasdesignedtoworkinthemicrogravityoflow-EarthorbitorthatofthemoonorMars.5.Normalwashingmachinesarenotsuitableinthespaceshipmainlybecause__________.A.theyleadtoseriousspacepollutionB.theymakesomebacteriaspreadC.theyrequiregravitytofunctionD.theyincreasetheweightofthespaceship6.Whatmightbethebiggestadvantageofthespecializedwashingmachine?A.Helpingastronautsdrytheirclothes.B.HavingacompetitionagainstNASA.C.Makingthemissionscheaperandeasier.D.Gettingastronautstoadapttotheenvironment.7.Wherecanastronautsgettheliquidforwashingclothesinthespaceship?A.Fromthewatertankinthespaceship. B.Fromtheouterspace.C.Fromtherecyclingwaterinthespaceship. D.Fromthegascarbondioxide.8.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Russiaisdevelopingaspacewashingmachine.B.AspacewashingmachinehasbeenusedinRussia.C.NASA’smadeamodelofaspacewashingmachine.D.RKKtransportstonsofclothestoastronautsinspace.【答案】5.C6.C7.D8.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。俄罗斯宣布正在开发一种宇航员在太空中运用的专用洗衣机。洗衣机将运用宇航员在宇宙飞船中呼吸产生的二氧化碳，而不是水。特殊的技术将气体在高压下变成液体，以便清洗衣服。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句Normalwashingmachinesrequiregravitytofunction,nottomentionsignificantamountsofwaterthathastobestoredsomewhereandincreasesweight-theyarenotsuitableforspacemissions.（一般的洗衣机须要重力才能正常工作，更不用说大量的水了，这些水必需储存在某处并增加重量——它们不适合太空任务。）可知一般的洗衣机不适合在宇宙飞船里运用，主要是因为它们须要重力来运转。故选C。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句Andthisquantitycouldincreasetothreetonsforatwo-yearvoyagetoMarsinvolvingsixcrewmembersandcouldincreasethecostsandcomplexityofamission.（这一数量可能会增加到3吨，用于为期两年的火星之旅，包括6名宇航员，这可能会增加任务的成本和困难性。）可推想定制洗衣机最大的优点是使在太空洗衣更便宜更简单。故选C。【7题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段TheRussianscientistssaidthat,insteadofwater,thewashingmachinewouldusethecarbondioxideproducedbytheastronauts’breathinginthespaceship.（俄罗斯科学家说，洗衣机将运用宇航员在宇宙飞船中呼吸产生的二氧化碳，而不是水。）可知宇航员会从气体二氧化碳得到洗衣服的液体。故选D。【8题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段Russiahasannouncedthatitisdevelopingaspecializedwashingmachineforastronautstouseinspace.（俄罗斯宣布正在开发一种宇航员在太空中运用的专用洗衣机。）以及文章主要内容围围着俄罗斯正在研制一种太空洗衣机这一事务，故选A。【点睛】推理推断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出肯定的推断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理推断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细微环节、事实以及作者的措词、看法和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色调的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关学问进行推理推断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如其次小题，依据第四段最终一句Andthisquantitycouldincreasetothreetonsforatwo-yearvoyagetoMarsinvolvingsixcrewmembersandcouldincreasethecostsandcomplexityofamission.（这一数量可能会增加到3吨，用于为期两年的火星之旅，包括6名宇航员，这可能会增加任务的成本和困难性。）可推想定制洗衣机最大的优点是使在太空洗衣更便宜更简单。故选C。CTodayIwouldliketogiveyouapowerfultechniquethatyoucanusetobecomeoutstanding.Thistechniqueiscalledanchoring,whichhasitsrootsinPavlovianbehaviormodification.YourememberPavlov.HewastheRussianscientistwhomadedogssalivate(分泌唾液)byringingabell.Here'showhedidit:Hewouldstartbyringingabellwhilelettingdogssmellmeatpowder.Theywouldsalivatefromsmellingthemeatpowder.Eventually,heonlyneededtoringabellandthisalonecausedthedogstosalivate.Thedogshadassociatedthebellwithhunger.Thebellwasananchorforsalivation.Prettysimple,huh?Itispossibletoapplythissamebasictechniquetoalmostanyproblem.Nowlet'stakealookathowPavlov'sdiscoverycanhelpyoutofeelpowerfulandconfident.Hereishowpositiveanchoringworks:Stepl.Thinkofthreetimesinyourlifewhenyoufeltverypowerfulandwritethemdown;Step2.Standaloneinaroomandthinkofthefirstsituation.Recallitinfullcolorwithsoundandanythingelsethatcouldmakeitrealtoyou;Step3.Atthemomentwhenyoufeelfullybackinthatmoment,slap(拍击)yourleftshoulderwithyourrighthandandsay,“Power!”;Step4.Repeatsteps1-3foreachofthethreememories.Remember,youwanttoanchoreachfeelingbyslappingyourshoulderwhenyoufeelthememoryatitsmostintensemoment.Nowthatyouhavecreatedananchor,youcan“fireitoff”asneeded.Thenexttimeyouareinasituationrequiringconfidence,slapyourleftshoulderwithyourrighthandandsay,“Power!”JustassureasPavlov'sdogssalivatedwhentheyheardthatbell,youwillgainfullconfidencebecausenowyourmindassociatesconfidencewiththatslapandtheword“power”!Occasionallyfeelingalackofconfidenceisanormalpartofbeinghuman.Havinganeffectivestrategyforimmediatelyturningthisintoconfidenceisanormalpartofbeingoutstanding.9.WhendidPavlovringabellinthebeginningofhisexperiment?A.Whenthedogsstoppedsalivating.B.Whenthedogsstoppedsmellingmeatpowder.C.Whenthedogsweresmellingmeatpowder.D.Whenthedogsweresalivating.10.Whatdoestheunderlined“thatmoment”inStep3referto?A.Anyofthesituations. B.Thefirstsituation.C.Thetimeyousay“Power!” D.Thetimeyoustandaloneinaroom.11.WhichofthefollowingplaysthesameroleasthebellringinginPavlov'sexperiment?A.Repeatofsteps1-3. B.Thethreememories.C.Yourrighthand. D.Theslapandtheword“power”.12.Whatisthepurposeofthefour-stepprocess?A.Torefreshmemories. B.Toremainconfident.C.Tosolveaproblem. D.Togetananchor.【答案】9.C10.B11.D12.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过巴甫洛夫摇铃让狗垂涎三尺的故事，得出人们其实也可以用右手拍打左肩来勉励自己，让自己更加自信和有力气；作者讲解并描述了四个步骤，帮助人们找到人生的精神支柱，让自己成为一个优秀的人。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Hewouldstartbyringingabellwhilelettingdogssmellmeatpowder.可知，当狗闻到肉粉的味道时，他就会摇铃。C.Whenthedogsweresmellingmeatpowder.(当狗闻到肉粉的味道时)符合题意。故选C项。【10题详解】词义揣测题。依据第五段中Stepl.Thinkofthreetimesinyourlifewhenyoufeltverypowerfulandwritethemdown;(第一步：想想你生命中有三次感到特别有力气的时候，把它们写下来)，再依据Atthemomentwhenyoufeelfullybackinthatmoment.(在你感觉完全回到那一刻的时候)可知，youfeelfullyback你完全回到的那一刻是指前文讲的写下三个自己觉得最有力气的时刻。B.Thefirstsituation.(第一种状况)符合题意。故选B项。【11题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中JustassureasPavlov'sdogssalivatedwhentheyheardthatbell,youwillgainfullconfidencebecausenowyourmindassociatesconfidencewiththatslapandtheword“power”!(正如巴甫洛夫的狗听到铃声垂涎三尺一样，你将获得充分的信念，因为现在你的大脑将信念与那个掌击和“力气”这个词联系在一起！)可知，和巴甫洛夫的铃声起着一样作用的会是那个掌击和“力气”这个词。D.Theslapandtheword“power”.(掌击和“力气”这个词)符合题意。故选D项。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段中Nowlet'stakealookathowPavlov'sdiscoverycanhelpyoutofeelpowerfulandconfident.(现在让我们来看看巴甫洛夫的发觉是如何帮助你感到强大和自信的)然后下文通过列举了4个步骤，可推断出这4个步骤就是为了帮助你找到生活中的“锚”，从而又感到自信和有力气。D.Togetananchor.(去得到一个锚)符合题意。故选D项。DThefirststudytoexaminegenerationaldifferencesinperfectionismoverthepastthreedecadesreportsthatyoungpeople'sdesiretobeflawlesshassharplyincreasedoverthepastthirtyyears.Today'scollege-agestudentsaremuchmorelikelytohaveperfectionismthanpriorgenerations,accordingtothenewreport.ThisstudywasrecentlypublishedinthejournalPsychologicalBulletin.Forthisstudy,leadauthorThomasCurranandco-authorAndrewHill,analyzeddatafrom41,641collegestudentsintheUnitedStates,Canada,andtheUnitedKingdom.TheyalsousedtheMultidimensionalPerfectionismScaletomeasuregenerationalchangesinperfectionismfromthelate1980sto2024.Duringtheiranalysis,CurranandHillinvestigatedthreetypesofperfectionism:l.Self-orientedperfectionism:havinganirrationaldesiretobeperfectononeself.2.Other-orientedperfectionism:Placingunrealisticstandardsofperfectiononothers.3.Socially-perfectionism:Feelingexcessiveexpectationsofperfectionfromothers.Thestatisticsarealarming:Between1989and2024,self-orientedperfectionismscoresincreasedby10percent,other-orientedperfectionismincreasedby16percent,andsocially-perfectionismincreasedlargelyby33percent.Theriseinperfectionismamongcollegestudentsisdrivenbyavarietyoffactors,accordingtoCurran.Therawdatasuggeststhatthegrowinguseofsocialmediacouldbefuelingthepressureyoungadultsfeeltoperfectthemselvesincomparisontoothers.Thatsaid,Curranemphasizesthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmtherelationbetweenanincreaseinsocialmediausageandincreasedperfectionism.Curranalsoassumesthatcollegestudents'drivetoperfecttheirgradepointaveragerepresentsariseinmeritocracy(精英教化)amongthenewgeneration.“Today'syoungpeoplearecompetingwitheachotherinordertomeetsocietalpressurestosucceedandtheyfeelthatperfectionismisnecessaryinordertofeelsafe,sociallyconnectedandofworth.”Curransaid.AndrewHillseesthesefindingsasastrongcallforcollegesandpolicymakerstoincreasetheireffortstocontrolunnecessarycompetitionamongyoungpeopleinordertopreservetheirmentalhealth.Unfortunately,thismaybeeasiersaidthandone.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flawless”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.withouteffort B.withoutcompetitionC.withoutweakness D.withoutstrength14.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.Allcollegestudentsofthisgenerationhaveseriousperfectionism.B.Self-orientedperfectionismincreasedthemostaccordingtothelateststudy.C.Theincreaseinperfectionismiscompletelydrivenbysomeobviousfactors.D.Itisuncertainwhetherincreasedsocialmediausagecausesmoreperfectionism.15What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardtheeffectofthestudyonthechangeofthesituation?A.Concerned. B.Negative.C.Positive. D.Critical.【答案】13.C14.D15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是在过去的三十年里，年轻人对完备无瑕的渴望急剧增长。主要有三种完备主义：自我导向型完备主义；他人导向型完备主义；社会型完备主义。然而，这些完备主义会让年轻人有更大的精神压力，所以作者剧烈呼吁高校和政策制定者努力限制年轻人之间的不必要竞争。【13题详解】词义揣测题。依据第一段中Thefirststudytoexaminegenerationaldifferencesinperfectionismoverthepastthreedecadesreportsthatyoungpeople'sdesiretobeflawlesshassharplyincreasedoverthepastthirtyyears.(对过去三十年来完备主义的代际差异的首次探讨报告显示，在过去的三十年里，年轻人对完备无瑕的渴望急剧增长)可知，句中的desiretobeflawless指的是前文的perfectionism。C.withoutweakness(没有缺点)符合题意。故选C项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段中Therawdatasuggeststhatthegrowinguseofsocialmediacouldbefuelingthepressureyoungadultsfeeltoperfectthemselvesincomparisontoothers.(原始数据显示，社交媒体的运用日益增多，可能会增加年轻人的压力，迫使他们在与他人的比较中完善自己)可推断出，较多的运用社交媒体是迫使年轻人追求完备的可能缘由之一，但是并不是肯定的。D.Itisuncertainwhetherincreasedsocialmediausagecausesmoreperfectionism.(目前还不确定社交媒体运用的增加是否会导致更完备主义)符合题意。故选D项。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段AndrewHillseesthesefindingsasastrongcallforcollegesandpolicymakerstoincreasetheireffortstocontrolunnecessarycompetitionamongyoungpeopleinordertopreservetheirmentalhealth.Unfortunately,thismaybeeasiersaidthandone.(AndrewHill认为，这些发觉剧烈呼吁高校和政策制定者努力限制年轻人之间的不必要竞争，以保持他们的心理健康。不幸的是，说起来简单做起来难)可推想出，作者对这30年来人们对完备主义的代际差异是持消极看法的，因为年轻人过多的追求没有必要的竞争。A.Concerned.关切的；B.Negative.消极的；C.Positive.主动的；D.Critical.指责的。故选B项。【点睛】词义揣测题着重考查考生依据上下文揣测词义的实力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，就是利用上下文已知的部分（尤其是该词或短语前后的句子）进行推理，有时候还须要依靠常识和阅历来揣测词义。如本题第1小题，就是词义揣测题，前句讲到过去三十年来完备主义的代际差异，后面就提到了现代年轻人对完备无瑕的渴望急剧增长，可推想出可知，句中的desiretobeflawless指的是前文的perfectionism。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Musicisaninternationallanguagethatisbeautifultopeopleallovertheworld.Itseemstobeanaturalneedforus.___16___Musicplaysasignificantroleineducation.Studieshaveindicatedthatmusicphysicallydevelopsthepartofthebrainknowntobeinvolvedwithlanguage.___17___Thereforethedevelopmentofonepromotesthegrowthoftheother,andmusicaltrainingnotonlydevelopsachild'slanguageskillsbutalsopromotesthelearningofasecondlanguage.Musicalsocausesimprovementinbrainpower.Thethoughtpatternsthatareformedwhilestudyingmusicmayhelpimprovetheabilitytolearnothersubjects.___18___First,musicisbeneficialwithitsabilitytoreducestress.Andstressisassociatedwithmanyillnesses,whichcanbepreventedwithstressreduced.Whenpeopleareverystressed,thereisatendencytoavoidlisteningtomusic.___19___Butasweknow,productivityincreaseswhenstressisreduced.Additionally,musiccanhavepositiveinfluenceonmood,andmanypeoplewillturntocertainsongstoimprovetheirmoods.Themainreasonbehindthisphenomenonisthatmusichastheabilitytoexpressone'sfeelingsbetterthananyothermedium.___20___Italsoincreasesself-confidence.A.Sohowdoesithelpus?B.Thetwoaresocloselyrelated.C.Let'sseehowpeopleenjoymusic.D.Perhapsitfeelslikeawasteoftime.E.Thekeyistochoosetherighttypeofmusic.F.Musichassomesortofpsychologicaleffect.G.Goodmusicalsomakesusrememberthemomentswhenwewerehappy.【答案】16.A17.B18.F19.D20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了音乐对我们有很多好处，比如在教化上、心理健康等方面都有主动的作用。【16题详解】依据后文Musicplaysasignificantroleineducation.(音乐在教化中起着重要作用)；Additionally,musiccanhavepositiveinfluenceonmood.(此外，音乐可以对心情有主动的影响)可知，后文都是在讲音乐在哪些方面可以帮助我们。A.Sohowdoesithelpus?(所以它是如何帮助我们的？)符合语境。故选A项。【17题详解】依据前文Studieshaveindicatedthatmusicphysicallydevelopsthepartofthebrainknowntobeinvolvedwithlanguage.(探讨表明，音乐在身体上发展了大脑中与语言有关的部分)又依据后文Thereforethedevelopmentofonepromotesthegrowthoftheother.(因此，一个的发展促进了另一个的发展)可知，音乐和语言学习有很大的关系。B.Thetwoaresocloselyrelated.(这两者是如此紧密地联系在一起)符合语境。故选B项。【18题详解】依据后文First,musicisbeneficialwithitsabilitytoreducestress.(首先，音乐它能减轻压力)可知，音乐对于我们心理健康有好处。F.Musichassomesortofpsychologicaleffect.(音乐有一些心理疗效)符合语境。故选F项。【19题详解】依据后文Butasweknow,productivityincreaseswhenstressisreduced.(但正如我们所知，当压力削减时，效率会提高)句中But表转折，说明前面的内容和后面的内容是相反的。D.Perhapsitfeelslikeawasteoftime.(或许感觉有点奢侈时间)符合语境。故选D项。【20题详解】依据前文Additionally,musiccanhavepositiveinfluenceonmood,andmanypeoplewillturntocertainsongstoimprovetheirmoods.(此外，音乐可以对心情有主动的影响，很多人会转向某些歌曲来改善他们的心情)可知，音乐能让改善人的心情。G.Goodmusicalsomakesusrememberthemomentswhenwewerehappy.(好的音乐也能让我们记住我们欢乐的时刻)符合语境。故选G项。第三部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasthreemonthspregnantwithtwinboyswhenmyhusbandandIlearnedthatoneofthemhadafatalbirthdefect(缺陷).Hisskullandbrainwerenot___21___properly.Babieswiththis___22___typicallydiewithinminutes,hoursordaysofbeingborn.Thisnewswasdevastating(毁灭性的),andalso___23___.Iwondered,wasitsomethingIate,wasitsomethingI___24___,wasitsomethingIdid?Butthen,___25___itwas,whywasoneofthemhealthy?SoIwas___26___withalotofquestionsthatwouldneverhaveanswers.Sixmonthslater,thetwinswereborn,andtheywerebothborn___27___.Thomaslivedforsixdays.Callumwashealthy.Wehaddecidedto___28___Thomas'sorganstoscience.Whilehisdeathwasinevitable,wethoughtmaybeitcouldbe___29___.Threeyearslater.I___30___whetherthesedonationsmadea___31___.SoI___32___attheSchepensEyeResearchInstitutethenextday.Areceptionist___33___metoDr.JamesZieske,aprofessorofHansardMedicalSchool.He___34___myhandandsaid,“Doyouhaveanyquestionsforme?”Iwasso___35___atmeetinghim.Isaid.“Howmanycorneas(眼角膜)doyourequestinayear?”Hesaid,“'Abouttenayear.Wewouldrequestmore,buttheyarehardtoget,andinfanteyesarelike___36___tous.”Myheartwasjustinmythroat.Icould___37___chokeoutthewords.Headded,“Wearelikelystillstudyingyourson'seyecells,andtheyareprobablyinthislabrightnow.”Whenthetour___38___,Ifeltsomethinginmestartingto___39___.Ifeltthatmysonhad___40___hisplaceintheworld,andthatplacewasHarvard.I'mnowanIvyLeaguemum.21.A.combined B.formed C.distributed D.adapted22.A.diagnosis B.judgment C.position D.symbol23.A.shocking B.encouraging C.confusing D.terrifying24.A.bought B.collected C.drank D.ignored25.A.evenif B.asif C.incase D.regardlessof26.A.meeting B.associating C.wrestling D.competing27.A.deaf B.alive C.blind D.equal28.A.deliver B.apply C.attach D.donate29.A.ambitious B.inspiring C.rewarding D.productive30.A.wondered B.imagined C.assumed D.explained31.A.deal B.difference C.mistake D.fortune32.A.showedup B.pulledup C.setout D.broughtout33.A.recommended B.related C.introduced D.announced34.A.grabbed B.shook C.rubbed D.touched35.A.sensitive B.heartbroken C.privileged D.emotional36.A.gold B.sunshine C.silver D.light37.A.slightly B.rarely C.hardly D.definitely38.A.repeated B.concluded C.expanded D.processed39.A.disappear B.hurt C.change D.arise40.A.found B.set C.confirmed D.proved【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.A26.C27.B28.D29.D30.A31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D36.A37.C38.B39.C40.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者双胞胎中的一个因为天生的疾病诞生后6天就去世了，因为他们希望能为科学事业产生肯定的作用，所以捐赠了婴儿遗体。并且在探望了theSchepens眼科探讨机构之后，作者的内心发生了很大的变更，虽然孩子只活了几天，但是他也找到了在这个世界上的位置。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的头骨和大脑没有发育完整。A.combined结合，联合；B.formed形成；C.distributed分布；D.adapted适应，调整。依据常识可知，婴儿的器官是渐渐形成的。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：被诊断为这种病的婴儿通常在诞生后几分钟、几小时或几天内死亡。A.diagnosis诊断；B.judgment推断；C.position位置；D.symbol象征。依据前文，作者肚子的婴儿身体有缺陷，这是医生给出的诊断。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个消息是毁灭性的，也是令人困惑的。A.shocking令人震惊的；B.encouraging鼓舞人的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.terrifying令人胆怯 的。依据后文提出的三个疑问可知，此处是感到怀疑的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在想，是我吃了什么，是我喝了什么，还是我做了什么造成了这个缺陷？A.bought买B.collected收集；C.drank喝；D.ignored忽视。依据常识，妈妈的饮食会影响肚子里宝宝的生长。故选C项。【25题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：但是，即便是这样，那为什么其中一个是健康的？A.evenif即使；B.asif似乎；C.incase以防万一；D.regardlessof不管，不顾。通过whywasoneofthemhealthy?可知，作者接受前面的假设成立，而提出的又一个疑问。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我始终在左思右想这些恒久不会有答案的问题。A.meeting见面；B.associating联合，结合；C.wrestling摔跤，格斗；D.competing竞争，竞赛。固定搭配：bewrestlingwiththequestions“始终在左思右想这些问题”。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：6个月之后，双胞胎诞生了，他们诞生时都是活的。A.deaf聋的；B.alive活着的；C.blind瞎的；D.equal公允的。依据后文可知，其中一个孩子Thomas只